Add VERSION for 0.8.1

Replace manual CHANGELOG with generated one

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ take a lot longer to find the problem! Please take the time to help us
 debugging the problem by collecting information, even if it seems irrelevant to
 you. Thanks!
 
-If you have a question, maybe the forum at https://discourse.restic.net is a
-better place.
+If you have a question, the forum at https://discourse.restic.net is a better place.
+Please do not create issues for usage or documentation questions! We're using
+the GitHub issue tracker mainly for tracking bugs and feature requests.
 -->
 
 ## Output of `restic version`
@@ -14,24 +15,49 @@ better place.
 ## How did you run restic exactly?
 
 <!--
-Include the complete command line and any environment variables you used to
-configure restic's backend access. Make sure to replace sensitive values!
+This section should include at least:
+
+ * The complete command line and any environment variables you used to
+   configure restic's backend access. Make sure to replace sensitive values!
+
+ * The output of the commands, what restic prints gives may give us much
+   information to diagnose the problem!
 -->
 
 
-## What backend/server/service did you use?
+## What backend/server/service did you use to store the repository?
 
 
 ## Expected behavior
 
+<!--
+Describe what you'd like restic to do differently.
+-->
 
 ## Actual behavior
 
+<!--
+In this section, please try to concentrate on observations, so only describe
+what you observed directly.
+-->
 
 ## Steps to reproduce the behavior
 
+<!--
+The more time you spend describing an easy way to reproduce the behavior (if
+this is possible), the easier it is for the project developers to fix it!
+-->
+
 
 ## Do you have any idea what may have caused this?
 
 
 ## Do you have an idea how to solve the issue?
+
+## Did restic help you or made you happy in any way?
+
+<!--
+Answering this question is not required, but if you have anything positive to share, please do so here!
+Sometimes we get tired of reading bug reports all day and a little positive end note does wonders.
+Idea by Joey Hess, https://joeyh.name/blog/entry/two_holiday_stories/
+-->

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<!--
+Thank you very much for contributing code or documentation to restic! Please
+fill out the following questions to make it easier for us to review your
+changes.
+
+You do not need to check all the boxes below all at once, feel free to take
+your time and add more commits. If you're done and ready for review, please
+check the last box.
+-->
+
+### What is the purpose of this change? What does it change?
+
+<!--
+Describe the changes here, as detailed as needed.
+-->
+
+### Was the change discussed in an issue or in the forum before?
+
+<!--
+Link issues and relevant forum posts here.
+-->
+
+### Checklist
+
+- [ ] I have read the [Contribution Guidelines](https://github.com/restic/restic/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#providing-patches)
+- [ ] I have added tests for all changes in this PR
+- [ ] I have added documentation for the changes (in the manual)
+- [ ] There's an entry in the `CHANGELOG.md` file that describe the changes for our users
+- [ ] I have run `gofmt` on the code in all commits
+- [ ] All commit messages are formatted in the same style as [the other commits in the repo](https://github.com/restic/restic/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#git-commits)
+- [ ] I'm done, this Pull Request is ready for review

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,284 +1,700 @@
-This file describes changes relevant to all users that are made in each
-released version of restic from the perspective of the user.
+Changelog for restic 0.8.1 (UNRELEASED)
+=======================================
 
-Important Changes in 0.7.3
-==========================
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.8.1 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+ * Fix #1457: Improve s3 backend with DigitalOcean Spaces
+ * Fix #1454: Correct cache dir location for Windows and Darwin
+ * Fix #1457: Disable handling SIGPIPE
+ * Chg #1452: Do not save atime by default
+ * Enh #1436: Add code to detect old cache directories
+ * Enh #1439: Improve cancellation logic
+ * Enh #11: Add the `diff` command
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Bugfix #1457: Improve s3 backend with DigitalOcean Spaces
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1457
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1459
+
+ * Bugfix #1454: Correct cache dir location for Windows and Darwin
+
+   The cache directory on Windows and Darwin was not correct, instead the directory `.cache` was
+   used.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1454
+
+ * Bugfix #1457: Disable handling SIGPIPE
+
+   We've disabled handling SIGPIPE again. Turns out, writing to broken TCP connections also
+   raised SIGPIPE, so restic exits on the first write to a broken connection. Instead, restic
+   should retry the request.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1457
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1466
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1459
+
+ * Change #1452: Do not save atime by default
+
+   By default, the access time for files and dirs is not saved any more. It is not possible to
+   reliably disable updating the access time during a backup, so for the next backup the access
+   time is different again. This means a lot of metadata is saved. If you want to save the access time
+   anyway, pass `--with-atime` to the `backup` command.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1452
+
+ * Enhancement #1436: Add code to detect old cache directories
+
+   We've added code to detect old cache directories of repositories that haven't been used in a
+   long time, restic now prints a note when it detects that such dirs exist. Also, the option
+   `--cleanup-cache` was added to automatically remove such directories. That's not a problem
+   because the cache will be rebuild once a repo is accessed again.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1436
+
+ * Enhancement #1439: Improve cancellation logic
+
+   The cancellation logic was improved, restic can now shut down cleanly when requested to do so
+   (e.g. via ctrl+c).
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1439
+
+ * Enhancement #11: Add the `diff` command
+
+   The command `diff` was added, it allows comparing two snapshots and listing all differences.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/11
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1460
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1462
+
+
+Changelog for restic 0.8.0 (2017-11-26)
+=======================================
+
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.8.0 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+ * Sec #1445: Prevent writing outside the target directory during restore
+ * Fix #1256: Re-enable workaround for S3 backend
+ * Fix #1291: Reuse backend TCP connections to BackBlaze B2
+ * Fix #1317: Run prune when `forget --prune` is called with just snapshot IDs
+ * Fix #1292: Remove implicit path `/restic` for the s3 backend
+ * Enh #1102: Add subdirectory `ids` to fuse mount
+ * Enh #1114: Add `--cacert` to specify TLS certificates to check against
+ * Enh #1216: Add upload/download limiting
+ * Enh #1271: Cache results for excludes for `backup`
+ * Enh #1274: Add `generate` command, replaces `manpage` and `autocomplete`
+ * Enh #1367: Allow comments in files read from via `--file-from`
+ * Enh #448: Sftp backend prompts for password
+ * Enh #510: Add `dump` command
+ * Enh #29: Add local metadata cache
+ * Enh #1249: Add `latest` symlink in fuse mount
+ * Enh #1269: Add `--compact` to `forget` command
+ * Enh #1281: Google Cloud Storage backend needs less permissions
+ * Enh #1303: Make `check` print `no errors found` explicitly
+ * Enh #1353: Retry failed backend requests
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Security #1445: Prevent writing outside the target directory during restore
+
+   A vulnerability was found in the restic restorer, which allowed attackers in special
+   circumstances to restore files to a location outside of the target directory. Due to the
+   circumstances we estimate this to be a low-risk vulnerability, but urge all users to upgrade to
+   the latest version of restic.
+
+   Exploiting the vulnerability requires a Linux/Unix system which saves backups via restic and
+   a Windows systems which restores files from the repo. In addition, the attackers need to be able
+   to create create files with arbitrary names which are then saved to the restic repo. For
+   example, by creating a file named "..\test.txt" (which is a perfectly legal filename on Linux)
+   and restoring a snapshot containing this file on Windows, it would be written to the parent of
+   the target directory.
+
+   We'd like to thank Tyler Spivey for reporting this responsibly!
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1445
+
+ * Bugfix #1256: Re-enable workaround for S3 backend
+
+   We've re-enabled a workaround for `minio-go` (the library we're using to access s3 backends),
+   this reduces memory usage.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1256
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1267
+
+ * Bugfix #1291: Reuse backend TCP connections to BackBlaze B2
+
+   A bug was discovered in the library we're using to access Backblaze, it now reuses already
+   established TCP connections which should be a lot faster and not cause network failures any
+   more.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1291
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1301
+
+ * Bugfix #1317: Run prune when `forget --prune` is called with just snapshot IDs
+
+   A bug in the `forget` command caused `prune` not to be run when `--prune` was specified without a
+   policy, e.g. when only snapshot IDs that should be forgotten are listed manually.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1317
+
+ * Bugfix #1292: Remove implicit path `/restic` for the s3 backend
+
+   The s3 backend used the subdir `restic` within a bucket if no explicit path after the bucket name
+   was specified. Since this version, restic does not use this default path any more. If you
+   created a repo on s3 in a bucket without specifying a path within the bucket, you need to add
+   `/restic` at the end of the repository specification to access your repo:
+   `s3:s3.amazonaws.com/bucket/restic`
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1292
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1437
+
+ * Enhancement #1102: Add subdirectory `ids` to fuse mount
+
+   The fuse mount now has an `ids` subdirectory which contains the snapshots below their (short)
+   IDs.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1102
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1299
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1320
+
+ * Enhancement #1114: Add `--cacert` to specify TLS certificates to check against
+
+   We've added the `--cacert` option which can be used to pass one (or more) CA certificates to
+   restic. These are used in addition to the system CA certificates to verify HTTPS certificates
+   (e.g. for the REST backend).
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1114
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1276
+
+ * Enhancement #1216: Add upload/download limiting
+
+   We've added support for rate limiting through `--limit-upload` and `--limit-download`
+   flags.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1216
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1336
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1358
+
+ * Enhancement #1271: Cache results for excludes for `backup`
+
+   The `backup` command now caches the result of excludes for a directory.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1271
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1326
+
+ * Enhancement #1274: Add `generate` command, replaces `manpage` and `autocomplete`
+
+   The `generate` command has been added, which replaces the now removed commands `manpage` and
+   `autocomplete`. This release of restic contains the most recent manpages in `doc/man` and the
+   auto-completion files for bash and zsh in `doc/bash-completion.sh` and
+   `doc/zsh-completion.zsh`
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1274
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1282
+
+ * Enhancement #1367: Allow comments in files read from via `--file-from`
+
+   When the list of files/dirs to be saved is read from a file with `--files-from`, comment lines
+   (starting with `#`) are now ignored.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1367
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1368
+
+ * Enhancement #448: Sftp backend prompts for password
+
+   The sftp backend now prompts for the password if a password is necessary for login.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/448
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1270
+
+ * Enhancement #510: Add `dump` command
+
+   We've added the `dump` command which prints a file from a snapshot to stdout. This can e.g. be
+   used to restore files read with `backup --stdin`.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/510
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1346
+
+ * Enhancement #29: Add local metadata cache
+
+   We've added a local cache for metadata so that restic doesn't need to load all metadata
+   (snapshots, indexes, ...) from the repo each time it starts. By default the cache is active, but
+   there's a new global option `--no-cache` that can be used to disable the cache. By deafult, the
+   cache a standard cache folder for the OS, which can be overridden with `--cache-dir`. The cache
+   will automatically populate, indexes and snapshots are saved as they are loaded. Cache
+   directories for repos that haven't been used recently can automatically be removed by restic
+   with the `--cleanup-cache` option.
+
+   A related change was to by default create pack files in the repo that contain either data or
+   metadata, not both mixed together. This allows easy caching of only the metadata files. The
+   next run of `restic prune` will untangle mixed files automatically.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/29
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/738
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/282
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1040
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1287
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1436
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1265
+
+ * Enhancement #1249: Add `latest` symlink in fuse mount
+
+   The directory structure in the fuse mount now exposes a symlink `latest` which points to the
+   latest snapshot in that particular directory.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1249
+
+ * Enhancement #1269: Add `--compact` to `forget` command
+
+   The option `--compact` was added to the `forget` command to provide the same compact view as the
+   `snapshots` command.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1269
+
+ * Enhancement #1281: Google Cloud Storage backend needs less permissions
+
+   The Google Cloud Storage backend no longer requires the service account to have the
+   `storage.buckets.get` permission ("Storage Admin" role) in `restic init` if the bucket
+   already exists.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1281
+
+ * Enhancement #1303: Make `check` print `no errors found` explicitly
+
+   The `check` command now explicetly prints `No errors were found` when no errors could be found.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1303
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1319
+
+ * Enhancement #1353: Retry failed backend requests
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1353
+
+
+Changelog for restic 0.7.3 (2017-09-20)
+=======================================
+
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.7.3 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+ * Fix #1246: List all files stored in Google Cloud Storage
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Bugfix #1246: List all files stored in Google Cloud Storage
+
+   For large backups stored in Google Cloud Storage, the `prune` command fails because listing
+   only returns the first 1000 files. This has been corrected, no data is lost in the process. In
+   addition, a plausibility check was added to `prune`.
 
- * For large backups stored in Google Cloud Storage, the `prune` command fails
-   because listing only returns the first 1000 files. This has been corrected,
-   no data is lost in the process. In addition, a plausibility check was added
-   to `prune`.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1246
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1247
 
 
-Important Changes in 0.7.2
-==========================
+Changelog for restic 0.7.2 (2017-09-13)
+=======================================
 
- * We've added an official docker image and a Dockerfile to build this image in
-   `docker/`.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1061
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.7.2 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
 
- * The git repository layout was changed to resemble the layout typically used
-   in Go projects, we're not using `gb` for building restic any more and
-   vendoring the dependencies is now taken care of by `dep`.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1126
+Summary
+-------
 
- * We now support saving backups on Google Cloud Storage.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1134
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1052
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/211
+ * Fix #1167: Do not create a local repo unless `init` is used
+ * Fix #1164: Make the `key remove` command behave as documented
+ * Fix #1191: Make sure to write profiling files on interrupt
+ * Enh #1132: Make `key` command always prompt for a password
+ * Enh #1179: Resolve name conflicts, append a counter
+ * Enh #1218: Add `--compact` to `snapshots` command
+ * Enh #317: Add `--exclude-caches` and `--exclude-if-present`
+ * Enh #697: Automatically generate man pages for all restic commands
+ * Enh #1044: Improve `restore`, do not traverse/load excluded directories
+ * Enh #1061: Add Dockerfile and official Docker image
+ * Enh #1126: Use the standard Go git repository layout, use `dep` for vendoring
+ * Enh #211: Add support for storing backups on Google Cloud Storage
+ * Enh #1144: Properly report errors when reading files with exclude patterns.
+ * Enh #609: Add support for storing backups on Microsoft Azure Blob Storage
+ * Enh #1196: Add `--group-by` to `forget` command for flexible grouping
+ * Enh #1203: Print stats on all BSD systems when SIGINFO (ctrl+t) is received
+ * Enh #1205: Allow specifying time/date for a backup with `--time`
 
- * We've added support for Microsoft Azure Blob Storage as a restic backend.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1149
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1059
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/609
+Details
+-------
 
- * In the course of supporting Microsoft Azure Blobe Storage Go 1.8 is now a
-   requirement to build restic.
+ * Bugfix #1167: Do not create a local repo unless `init` is used
 
- * The `restore` command has been improved: When dirs are excluded (or not
-   included) in a restore, they are not loaded from the repo any more.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1044
+   When a restic command other than `init` is used with a local repository and the repository
+   directory does not exist, restic creates the directory structure. That's an error, only the
+   `init` command should create the dir.
 
- * Name collisions are now resolved by appending a counter.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1179
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1209
-
-
-Small changes
--------------
-
- * The `key` command now prompts for a password even if the original password
-   to access a repo has been specified via the `RESTIC_PASSWORD` environment
-   variable or a password file.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1132
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1133
-
- * Properly report errors when reading files with exclude patterns.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1144
-
- * We now automatically generate man pages for all restic commands, see the
-   subdir `doc/man`.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/697
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1147
-
- * The `key remove` command was corrected and now works as documented.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1164
-
- * When a restic command other than `init` is used with a local repository and
-   the repository directory does not exist, restic creates the directory
-   structure. That's an error, only the `init` command should create the dir.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1167
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1182
 
- * Restic now prints stats on all BSD systems (not only on darwin) when SIGINFO
-   is received (usually when ctrl+t is pressed).
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1203
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1082#issuecomment-326279920
+ * Bugfix #1164: Make the `key remove` command behave as documented
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1164
+
+ * Bugfix #1191: Make sure to write profiling files on interrupt
+
+   Since a few releases restic had the ability to write profiling files for memory and CPU usage
+   when `debug` is enabled. It was discovered that when restic is interrupted (ctrl+c is
+   pressed), the proper shutdown hook is not run. This is now corrected.
 
- * Since a few releases restic had the ability to write profiling files for
-   memory and CPU usage when `debug` is enabled. It was discovered that when
-   restic is interrupted (ctrl+c is pressed), the proper shutdown hook is not
-   run. This is now corrected.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1191
 
- * A new option `--exclude-caches` was added that allows excluding cache
-   directories (that are tagged as such). This is a special case of a more
-   generic option `--exclude-if-present` which excludes a directory if a file
-   with a specific name (and contents) is present.
+ * Enhancement #1132: Make `key` command always prompt for a password
+
+   The `key` command now prompts for a password even if the original password to access a repo has
+   been specified via the `RESTIC_PASSWORD` environment variable or a password file.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1132
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1133
+
+ * Enhancement #1179: Resolve name conflicts, append a counter
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1179
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1209
+
+ * Enhancement #1218: Add `--compact` to `snapshots` command
+
+   The option `--compact` was added to the `snapshots` command to get a better overview of the
+   snapshots in a repo. It limits each snapshot to a single line.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1218
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1223
+
+ * Enhancement #317: Add `--exclude-caches` and `--exclude-if-present`
+
+   A new option `--exclude-caches` was added that allows excluding cache directories (that are
+   tagged as such). This is a special case of a more generic option `--exclude-if-present` which
+   excludes a directory if a file with a specific name (and contents) is present.
+
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/317
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1170
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1224
 
- * The `forget` command now has an option `--group-by` that allows flexible
-   grouping policies.
+ * Enhancement #697: Automatically generate man pages for all restic commands
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/697
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1147
+
+ * Enhancement #1044: Improve `restore`, do not traverse/load excluded directories
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1044
+
+ * Enhancement #1061: Add Dockerfile and official Docker image
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1061
+
+ * Enhancement #1126: Use the standard Go git repository layout, use `dep` for vendoring
+
+   The git repository layout was changed to resemble the layout typically used in Go projects,
+   we're not using `gb` for building restic any more and vendoring the dependencies is now taken
+   care of by `dep`.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1126
+
+ * Enhancement #211: Add support for storing backups on Google Cloud Storage
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/211
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1134
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1052
+
+ * Enhancement #1144: Properly report errors when reading files with exclude patterns.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1144
+
+ * Enhancement #609: Add support for storing backups on Microsoft Azure Blob Storage
+
+   The library we're using to access the service requires Go 1.8, so restic now needs at least Go
+   1.8.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/609
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1149
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1059
+
+ * Enhancement #1196: Add `--group-by` to `forget` command for flexible grouping
+
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1196
 
- * The date and time restic records for a new backup can now be specified
-   externally by passing `--time` to the `backup` command.
+ * Enhancement #1203: Print stats on all BSD systems when SIGINFO (ctrl+t) is received
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1203
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1082
+
+ * Enhancement #1205: Allow specifying time/date for a backup with `--time`
+
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1205
 
- * The option `--compact` was added to the `snapshots` command to get a better
-   overview of the snapshots in a repo. It limits each snapshot to a single
-   line.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1218
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1223
 
+Changelog for restic 0.7.1 (2017-07-22)
+=======================================
 
-Important Changes in 0.7.1
-==========================
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.7.1 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
 
- * The `migrate` command for chaning the `s3legacy` layout to the `default`
-   layout for s3 backends has been improved: It can now be restarted with
-   `restic migrate --force s3_layout` and automatically retries operations on
-   error.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1073
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1075
+Summary
+-------
 
-Small changes
--------------
+ * Fix #1115: Fix `prune`, only include existing files in indexes
+ * Enh #1055: Create subdirs below `data/` for local/sftp backends
+ * Enh #1067: Allow loading credentials for s3 from IAM
+ * Enh #1073: Add `migrate` cmd to migrate from `s3legacy` to `default` layout
+ * Enh #1081: Clarify semantic for `--tasg` for the `forget` command
+ * Enh #1080: Ignore chmod() errors on filesystems which do not support it
+ * Enh #1082: Print stats on SIGINFO on Darwin and FreeBSD (ctrl+t)
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Bugfix #1115: Fix `prune`, only include existing files in indexes
+
+   A bug was found (and corrected) in the index rebuilding after prune, which led to indexes which
+   include blobs that were not present in the repo any more. There were already checks in place
+   which detected this situation and aborted with an error message. A new run of either `prune` or
+   `rebuild-index` corrected the index files. This is now fixed and a test has been added to detect
+   this.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1115
+
+ * Enhancement #1055: Create subdirs below `data/` for local/sftp backends
+
+   The local and sftp backends now create the subdirs below `data/` on open/init. This way, restic
+   makes sure that they always exist. This is connected to an issue for the sftp server:
 
- * The local and sftp backends now create the subdirs below `data/` on
-   open/init. This way, restic makes sure that they always exist. This is
-   connected to an issue for the sftp server:
-   https://github.com/restic/rest-server/pull/11#issuecomment-309879710
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1055
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1077
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1105
+   https://github.com/restic/rest-server/pull/11#issuecomment-309879710
+
+ * Enhancement #1067: Allow loading credentials for s3 from IAM
+
+   When no S3 credentials are specified in the environment variables, restic now tries to load
+   credentials from an IAM instance profile when the s3 backend is used.
 
- * When no S3 credentials are specified in the environment variables, restic
-   now tries to load credentials from an IAM instance profile when the s3
-   backend is used.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1067
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1086
 
- * On Darwin and FreeBSD, restic now prints stats when SIGINFO is received
-   (usually when ctrl+t is pressed).
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1082
+ * Enhancement #1073: Add `migrate` cmd to migrate from `s3legacy` to `default` layout
 
- * The dependencies have been updated.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1108
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1124
+   The `migrate` command for chaning the `s3legacy` layout to the `default` layout for s3
+   backends has been improved: It can now be restarted with `restic migrate --force s3_layout`
+   and automatically retries operations on error.
 
- * A bug was found (and corrected) in the index rebuilding after prune, which
-   led to indexes which include blobs that were not present in the repo any
-   more. There were already checks in place which detected this situation and
-   aborted with an error message. A new run of either `prune` or
-   `rebuild-index` corrected the index files. This is now fixed and a test has
-   been added to detect this.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1115
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1073
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1075
 
- * Errors for chmod() on Unix for filesystems which do not support it (e.g. smb
-   mounted via gvfs) are now ignored.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1080
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1112
+ * Enhancement #1081: Clarify semantic for `--tasg` for the `forget` command
 
- * The semantic for the `--tags` option to `forget` and `snapshots` was
-   clarified:
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1081
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1090
 
-Important Changes in 0.7.0
-==========================
+ * Enhancement #1080: Ignore chmod() errors on filesystems which do not support it
 
- * New "swift" backend: A new backend for the OpenStack Swift cloud storage
-   protocol has been added, https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Swift
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/975
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/648
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1080
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1112
 
- * New "b2" backend: A new backend for Backblaze B2 cloud storage
-   service has been added, https://www.backblaze.com
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/512
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/978
+ * Enhancement #1082: Print stats on SIGINFO on Darwin and FreeBSD (ctrl+t)
 
- * Improved performance for the `find` command: Restic recognizes paths it has
-   already checked for the files in question, so the number of backend requests
-   is reduced a lot.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/989
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/993
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1082
 
- * Improved performance for the fuse mount: Listing directories which contain
-   large files now is significantly faster.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/998
 
- * The default layout for the s3 backend is now `default` (instead of
-   `s3legacy`). Also, there's a new `migrate` command to convert an existing
-   repo, it can be run like this: `restic migrate s3_layout`
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/965
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1004
+Changelog for restic 0.7.0 (2017-07-01)
+=======================================
 
- * The fuse mount now has two more directories: `tags` contains a subdir for
-   each tag, which in turn contains only the snapshots that have this tag. The
-   subdir `hosts` contains a subdir for each host that has a snapshot, and the
-   subdir contains the snapshots for that host.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/636
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1050
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.7.0 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
 
-Small changes
--------------
+Summary
+-------
+
+ * Fix #1013: Switch back to using the high-level minio-go API for s3
+ * Fix #965: Switch to `default` repo layout for the s3 backend
+ * Enh #1021: Detect invalid backend name and print error
+ * Enh #1029: Remove invalid pack files when `prune` is run
+ * Enh #512: Add Backblaze B2 backend
+ * Enh #636: Add dirs `tags` and `hosts` to fuse mount
+ * Enh #989: Improve performance of the `find` command
+ * Enh #975: Add new backend for OpenStack Swift
+ * Enh #998: Improve performance of the fuse mount
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Bugfix #1013: Switch back to using the high-level minio-go API for s3
+
+   For the s3 backend we're back to using the high-level API the s3 client library for uploading
+   data, a few users reported dropped connections (which the library will automatically retry
+   now).
 
- * For the s3 backend we're back to using the high-level API the s3 client
-   library for uploading data, a few users reported dropped connections (which
-   the library will automatically retry now).
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1013
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1023
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1025
 
- * The `prune` command has been improved and will now remove invalid pack
-   files, for example files that have not been uploaded completely because a
-   backup was interrupted.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1029
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1036
+ * Bugfix #965: Switch to `default` repo layout for the s3 backend
+
+   The default layout for the s3 backend is now `default` (instead of `s3legacy`). Also, there's a
+   new `migrate` command to convert an existing repo, it can be run like this: `restic migrate
+   s3_layout`
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/965
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1004
+
+ * Enhancement #1021: Detect invalid backend name and print error
+
+   Restic now tries to detect when an invalid/unknown backend is used and returns an error
+   message.
 
- * restic now tries to detect when an invalid/unknown backend is used and
-   returns an error message.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1021
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1070
 
-Important Changes in 0.6.1
-==========================
+ * Enhancement #1029: Remove invalid pack files when `prune` is run
 
-This is mostly a bugfix release and only contains small changes:
+   The `prune` command has been improved and will now remove invalid pack files, for example files
+   that have not been uploaded completely because a backup was interrupted.
 
- * We've fixed a bug where `rebuild-index` would corrupt the index when used
-   with the s3 backend together with the `default` layout. This is not the
-   default setting.
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1029
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1036
+
+ * Enhancement #512: Add Backblaze B2 backend
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/512
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/978
+
+ * Enhancement #636: Add dirs `tags` and `hosts` to fuse mount
+
+   The fuse mount now has two more directories: `tags` contains a subdir for each tag, which in turn
+   contains only the snapshots that have this tag. The subdir `hosts` contains a subdir for each
+   host that has a snapshot, and the subdir contains the snapshots for that host.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/636
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1050
+
+ * Enhancement #989: Improve performance of the `find` command
+
+   Improved performance for the `find` command: Restic recognizes paths it has already checked
+   for the files in question, so the number of backend requests is reduced a lot.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/989
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/993
+
+ * Enhancement #975: Add new backend for OpenStack Swift
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/975
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/648
+
+ * Enhancement #998: Improve performance of the fuse mount
+
+   Listing directories which contain large files now is significantly faster.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/998
+
+
+Changelog for restic 0.6.1 (2017-06-01)
+=======================================
+
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.6.1 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
+
+Summary
+-------
+
+ * Enh #985: Allow multiple parallel idle HTTP connections
+ * Enh #981: Remove temporary path from binary in `build.go`
+ * Enh #974: Remove regular status reports
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Enhancement #985: Allow multiple parallel idle HTTP connections
+
+   Backends based on HTTP now allow several idle connections in parallel. This is especially
+   important for the REST backend, which (when used with a local server) may create a lot
+   connections and exhaust available ports quickly.
 
- * Backends based on HTTP now allow several idle connections in parallel. This
-   is especially important for the REST backend, which (when used with a local
-   server) may create a lot connections and exhaust available ports quickly.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/985
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/986
 
- * Regular status report: We've removed the status report that was printed
-   every 10 seconds when restic is run non-interactively. You can still force
-   reporting the current status by sending a `USR1` signal to the process.
-   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/974
+ * Enhancement #981: Remove temporary path from binary in `build.go`
+
+   The `build.go` now strips the temporary directory used for compilation from the binary. This
+   is the first step in enabling reproducible builds.
 
- * The `build.go` now strips the temporary directory used for compilation from
-   the binary. This is the first step in enabling reproducible builds.
    https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/981
 
-Important Changes in 0.6.0
-==========================
+ * Enhancement #974: Remove regular status reports
 
-Consistent forget policy
-------------------------
+   Regular status report: We've removed the status report that was printed every 10 seconds when
+   restic is run non-interactively. You can still force reporting the current status by sending a
+   `USR1` signal to the process.
 
-The `forget` command was corrected to be more consistent in which snapshots are
-to be forgotten. It is possible that the new code removes more snapshots than
-before, so please review what would be deleted by using the `--dry-run` option.
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/974
 
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/957
-https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/953
 
-Unified repository layout
--------------------------
+Changelog for restic 0.6.0 (2017-05-29)
+=======================================
 
-Up to now the s3 backend used a special repository layout. We've decided to
-unify the repository layout and implemented the default layout also for the s3
-backend. For creating a new repository on s3 with the default layout, use
-`restic -o s3.layout=default init`. For further commands the option is not
-necessary any more, restic will automatically detect the correct layout to use.
-A future version will switch to the default layout for new repositories.
+The following sections list the changes in restic 0.6.0 relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
 
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/966
-https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/965
+Summary
+-------
 
-Memory and time improvements for the s3 backend
------------------------------------------------
+ * Enh #953: Make `forget` consistent
+ * Enh #965: Unify repository layout for all backends
+ * Enh #962: Improve memory and runtime for the s3 backend
+
+Details
+-------
+
+ * Enhancement #953: Make `forget` consistent
+
+   The `forget` command was corrected to be more consistent in which snapshots are to be
+   forgotten. It is possible that the new code removes more snapshots than before, so please
+   review what would be deleted by using the `--dry-run` option.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/953
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/957
+
+ * Enhancement #965: Unify repository layout for all backends
+
+   Up to now the s3 backend used a special repository layout. We've decided to unify the repository
+   layout and implemented the default layout also for the s3 backend. For creating a new
+   repository on s3 with the default layout, use `restic -o s3.layout=default init`. For further
+   commands the option is not necessary any more, restic will automatically detect the correct
+   layout to use. A future version will switch to the default layout for new repositories.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/965
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/966
+
+ * Enhancement #962: Improve memory and runtime for the s3 backend
+
+   We've updated the library used for accessing s3, switched to using a lower level API and added
+   caching for some requests. This lead to a decrease in memory usage and a great speedup. In
+   addition, we added benchmark functions for all backends, so we can track improvements over
+   time. The Continuous Integration test service we're using (Travis) now runs the s3 backend
+   tests not only against a Minio server, but also against the Amazon s3 live service, so we should
+   be notified of any regressions much sooner.
+
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/962
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/960
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/946
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/938
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/883
 
-We've updated the library used for accessing s3, switched to using a lower
-level API and added caching for some requests. This lead to a decrease in
-memory usage and a great speedup. In addition, we added benchmark functions for
-all backends, so we can track improvements over time. The Continuous
-Integration test service we're using (Travis) now runs the s3 backend tests not
-only against a Minio server, but also against the Amazon s3 live service, so we
-should be notified of any regressions much sooner.
 
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/962
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/960
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/946
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/938
-https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/883

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -129,13 +129,7 @@ down to the following steps:
     next stable release. While writing, ask yourself: If I were the user, what
     would I need to be aware of with this change.
 
- 8. When your contribution adds and/or changes command-line parameters or help
-    texts, the manual pages need to be regenerated and commited to the
-    repository. In order to do this, compile restic and save the generated
-    updated man pages in the subdir `doc/man` with the following command:
-    `./restic manpage --output-dir doc/man`
-
- 9. Once your code looks good and passes all the tests, we'll merge it. Thanks
+ 8. Once your code looks good and passes all the tests, we'll merge it. Thanks
     a lot for your contribution!
 
 Please provide the patches for each bug or feature in a separate branch and

Gopkg.lock

@@ -10,20 +10,26 @@
 [[projects]]
   name = "cloud.google.com/go"
   packages = ["compute/metadata"]
-  revision = "5a9e19d4e1e41a734154e44a2132b358afb49a03"
-  version = "v0.13.0"
+  revision = "2d3a6656c17a60b0815b7e06ab0be04eacb6e613"
+  version = "v0.16.0"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go"
   packages = ["storage"]
-  revision = "df4dd90d076ebbf6e87d08d3f00bfac8ff4bde1a"
-  version = "v10.3.1-beta"
+  revision = "7692b0cef22674113fcf71cc17ac3ccc1a7fef48"
+  version = "v11.2.2-beta"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/Azure/go-autorest"
   packages = ["autorest","autorest/adal","autorest/azure","autorest/date"]
-  revision = "5432abe734f8d95c78340cd56712f912906e6514"
-  version = "v8.3.1"
+  revision = "c67b24a8e30d876542a85022ebbdecf0e5a935e8"
+  version = "v9.4.1"
+
+[[projects]]
+  name = "github.com/cenkalti/backoff"
+  packages = ["."]
+  revision = "61153c768f31ee5f130071d08fc82b85208528de"
+  version = "v1.1.0"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man"
@@ -34,14 +40,14 @@
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go"
   packages = ["."]
-  revision = "d2709f9f1f31ebcda9651b03077758c1f3a0018c"
-  version = "v3.0.0"
+  revision = "dbeaa9332f19a944acb5736b4456cfcc02140e29"
+  version = "v3.1.0"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "github.com/dustin/go-humanize"
   packages = ["."]
-  revision = "79e699ccd02f240a1f1fbbdcee7e64c1c12e41aa"
+  revision = "bb3d318650d48840a39aa21a027c6630e198e626"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/elithrar/simple-scrypt"
@@ -52,14 +58,14 @@
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/go-ini/ini"
   packages = ["."]
-  revision = "20b96f641a5ea98f2f8619ff4f3e061cff4833bd"
-  version = "v1.28.2"
+  revision = "32e4c1e6bc4e7d0d8451aa6b75200d19e37a536a"
+  version = "v1.32.0"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "github.com/golang/protobuf"
   packages = ["proto"]
-  revision = "17ce1425424ab154092bbb43af630bd647f3bb0d"
+  revision = "1e59b77b52bf8e4b449a57e6f79f21226d571845"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap"
@@ -67,6 +73,12 @@
   revision = "76626ae9c91c4f2a10f34cad8ce83ea42c93bb75"
   version = "v1.0"
 
+[[projects]]
+  branch = "master"
+  name = "github.com/juju/ratelimit"
+  packages = ["."]
+  revision = "59fac5042749a5afb9af70e813da1dd5474f0167"
+
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "github.com/kr/fs"
@@ -76,8 +88,8 @@
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/kurin/blazer"
   packages = ["b2","base","internal/b2types","internal/blog"]
-  revision = "1a870c3ee8b83e17d762307c6eae8f390ac3f4a0"
-  version = "v0.1.1"
+  revision = "e269a1a17bb6aec278c06a57cb7e8f8d0d333e04"
+  version = "v0.2.1"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
@@ -88,14 +100,14 @@
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/minio/minio-go"
   packages = [".","pkg/credentials","pkg/encrypt","pkg/policy","pkg/s3signer","pkg/s3utils","pkg/set"]
-  revision = "4e0f567303d4cc90ceb055a451959fb9fc391fb9"
-  version = "3.0.3"
+  revision = "57a8ae886b49af6eb0d2c27c2d007ed2f71e1da5"
+  version = "4.0.3"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "github.com/ncw/swift"
   packages = ["."]
-  revision = "9d3f812e23d270d1c66a9a01e20af1005061cdc4"
+  revision = "c95c6e5c2d1a3d37fc44c8c6dc9e231c7500667d"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/pkg/errors"
@@ -124,8 +136,8 @@
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/restic/chunker"
   packages = ["."]
-  revision = "bb2ecf9a98e35a0b336ffc23fc515fb6e7961577"
-  version = "v0.1.0"
+  revision = "db83917be3b88cc307464b7d8a221c173e34a0db"
+  version = "v0.2.0"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/russross/blackfriday"
@@ -146,10 +158,10 @@
   version = "v1.0.3"
 
 [[projects]]
-  branch = "master"
   name = "github.com/spf13/cobra"
   packages = [".","doc"]
-  revision = "b78744579491c1ceeaaa3b40205e56b0591b93a3"
+  revision = "7b2c5ac9fc04fc5efafb60700713d4fa609b777b"
+  version = "v0.0.1"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "github.com/spf13/pflag"
@@ -161,31 +173,31 @@
   branch = "master"
   name = "golang.org/x/crypto"
   packages = ["curve25519","ed25519","ed25519/internal/edwards25519","pbkdf2","poly1305","scrypt","ssh","ssh/terminal"]
-  revision = "faadfbdc035307d901e69eea569f5dda451a3ee3"
+  revision = "94eea52f7b742c7cbe0b03b22f0c4c8631ece122"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "golang.org/x/net"
   packages = ["context","context/ctxhttp"]
-  revision = "b129b8e0fbeb39c8358e51a07ab6c50ad415e72e"
+  revision = "a8b9294777976932365dabb6640cf1468d95c70f"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "golang.org/x/oauth2"
   packages = [".","google","internal","jws","jwt"]
-  revision = "13449ad91cb26cb47661c1b080790392170385fd"
+  revision = "f95fa95eaa936d9d87489b15d1d18b97c1ba9c28"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "golang.org/x/sys"
   packages = ["unix","windows"]
-  revision = "062cd7e4e68206d8bab9b18396626e855c992658"
+  revision = "8b4580aae2a0dd0c231a45d3ccb8434ff533b840"
 
 [[projects]]
   branch = "master"
   name = "google.golang.org/api"
   packages = ["gensupport","googleapi","googleapi/internal/uritemplates","storage/v1"]
-  revision = "2fe03ca2dc379c00d654a4459d1a50812cac2848"
+  revision = "3a1d936b7575b82197a1fea0632218dd07b1e65c"
 
 [[projects]]
   name = "google.golang.org/appengine"
@@ -197,11 +209,11 @@
   branch = "v2"
   name = "gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
   packages = ["."]
-  revision = "eb3733d160e74a9c7e442f435eb3bea458e1d19f"
+  revision = "287cf08546ab5e7e37d55a84f7ed3fd1db036de5"
 
 [solve-meta]
   analyzer-name = "dep"
   analyzer-version = 1
-  inputs-digest = "53e4779dc4c7de2cd8b195f13c215c24da5efc5e33acf584615b5c43bfefd2db"
+  inputs-digest = "f0a207197cb502238ac87ca8e07b2640c02ec380a50b036e09ef87e40e31ca2d"
   solver-name = "gps-cdcl"
   solver-version = 1

Gopkg.toml

@@ -19,60 +19,3 @@
 # [[override]]
 #  name = "github.com/x/y"
 #  version = "2.4.0"
-
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "bazil.org/fuse"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/elithrar/simple-scrypt"
-  branch = "master"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/kurin/blazer"
-  version = "0.1.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/minio/minio-go"
-  version = "3.0.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "github.com/ncw/swift"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/pkg/errors"
-  version = "0.8.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/pkg/profile"
-  version = "1.2.1"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "github.com/pkg/sftp"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/pkg/xattr"
-  version = "0.2.1"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  name = "github.com/restic/chunker"
-  version = "0.1.0"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "github.com/spf13/cobra"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "golang.org/x/crypto"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "golang.org/x/net"
-
-[[constraint]]
-  branch = "master"
-  name = "golang.org/x/sys"

LICENSE

@@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
+BSD 2-Clause License
+
 Copyright (c) 2014, Alexander Neumann <alexander@bumpern.de>
 All rights reserved.
 
 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 
-1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
-   list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 
-2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 
-THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
-ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
-WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR

README.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-|Documentation| |Build Status| |Build status| |Report Card| |Say Thanks|
+|Documentation| |Build Status| |Build status| |Report Card| |Say Thanks| |TestCoverage|
 
 Introduction
 ------------
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Quick start
 -----------
 
 Once you've `installed
-<https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html>`__ restic, start
+<https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/020_installation.html>`__ restic, start
 off with creating a repository for your backups:
 
 .. code-block:: console
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Next you can either use ``restic restore`` to restore files or use ``restic
 mount`` to mount the repository via fuse and browse the files from previous
 snapshots.
 
-For more options check out the `manual guide <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html>`__.
+For more options check out the `online documentation <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`__.
 
 Backends
 --------
@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@ Backends
 Saving a backup on the same machine is nice but not a real backup strategy.
 Therefore, restic supports the following backends for storing backups natively:
 
-- `Local directory <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#local>`__
-- `sftp server (via SSH) <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#sftp>`__
-- `HTTP REST server <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#rest-server>`__ (`protocol <doc/rest_backend.rst>`__ `rest-server <https://github.com/restic/rest-server>`__)
-- `AWS S3 <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#amazon-s3>`__ (either from Amazon or using the `Minio <https://minio.io>`__ server)
-- `OpenStack Swift <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#openstack-swift>`__
-- `BackBlaze B2 <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#backblaze-b2>`__
-- `Microsoft Azure Blob Storage <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#microsoft-azure-blob-storage>`__
-- `Google Cloud Storage <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manual.html#google-cloud-storage>`__
+- `Local directory <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#local>`__
+- `sftp server (via SSH) <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#sftp>`__
+- `HTTP REST server <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#rest-server>`__ (`protocol <doc/100_references.rst#rest-backend>`__ `rest-server <https://github.com/restic/rest-server>`__)
+- `AWS S3 <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#amazon-s3>`__ (either from Amazon or using the `Minio <https://minio.io>`__ server)
+- `OpenStack Swift <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#openstack-swift>`__
+- `BackBlaze B2 <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#backblaze-b2>`__
+- `Microsoft Azure Blob Storage <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#microsoft-azure-blob-storage>`__
+- `Google Cloud Storage <https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#google-cloud-storage>`__
 
 Design Principles
 -----------------
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ the `development blog <https://restic.github.io/blog/>`__.
 License
 -------
 
-Restic is licensed under "BSD 2-Clause License". You can find the
+Restic is licensed under `BSD 2-Clause License <https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause>`__. You can find the
 complete text in ``LICENSE``.
 
 .. |Documentation| image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/restic/badge/?version=latest
@@ -120,3 +120,5 @@ complete text in ``LICENSE``.
    :target: https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/restic/restic
 .. |Say Thanks| image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/Say%20Thanks-!-1EAEDB.svg
    :target: https://saythanks.io/to/restic
+.. |TestCoverage| image:: https://codecov.io/gh/restic/restic/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
+   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/restic/restic

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-0.7.3
+0.8.1

changelog/0.6.0/issue-953

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Make `forget` consistent
+
+The `forget` command was corrected to be more consistent in which snapshots are
+to be forgotten. It is possible that the new code removes more snapshots than
+before, so please review what would be deleted by using the `--dry-run` option.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/957
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/953

changelog/0.6.0/issue-965

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Enhancement: Unify repository layout for all backends
+
+Up to now the s3 backend used a special repository layout. We've decided to
+unify the repository layout and implemented the default layout also for the s3
+backend. For creating a new repository on s3 with the default layout, use
+`restic -o s3.layout=default init`. For further commands the option is not
+necessary any more, restic will automatically detect the correct layout to use.
+A future version will switch to the default layout for new repositories.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/966
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/965

changelog/0.6.0/pull-962

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+Enhancement: Improve memory and runtime for the s3 backend
+
+We've updated the library used for accessing s3, switched to using a lower
+level API and added caching for some requests. This lead to a decrease in
+memory usage and a great speedup. In addition, we added benchmark functions for
+all backends, so we can track improvements over time. The Continuous
+Integration test service we're using (Travis) now runs the s3 backend tests not
+only against a Minio server, but also against the Amazon s3 live service, so we
+should be notified of any regressions much sooner.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/962
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/960
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/946
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/938
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/883

changelog/0.6.1/issue-985

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Allow multiple parallel idle HTTP connections
+
+Backends based on HTTP now allow several idle connections in parallel. This
+is especially important for the REST backend, which (when used with a local
+server) may create a lot connections and exhaust available ports quickly.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/985
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/986

changelog/0.6.1/pull-891

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Enhancement: Remove temporary path from binary in `build.go`
+
+The `build.go` now strips the temporary directory used for compilation from
+the binary. This is the first step in enabling reproducible builds.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/981

changelog/0.6.1/pull-974

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Remove regular status reports
+
+Regular status report: We've removed the status report that was printed
+every 10 seconds when restic is run non-interactively. You can still force
+reporting the current status by sending a `USR1` signal to the process.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/974

changelog/0.7.0/issue-1013

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Bugfix: Switch back to using the high-level minio-go API for s3
+
+For the s3 backend we're back to using the high-level API the s3 client library
+for uploading data, a few users reported dropped connections (which the library
+will automatically retry now).
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1013
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1023
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1025

changelog/0.7.0/issue-1021

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Detect invalid backend name and print error
+
+restic now tries to detect when an invalid/unknown backend is used and
+returns an error message.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1021
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1070

changelog/0.7.0/issue-1029

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Remove invalid pack files when `prune` is run
+
+The `prune` command has been improved and will now remove invalid pack files,
+for example files that have not been uploaded completely because a backup was
+interrupted.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1029
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1036

changelog/0.7.0/issue-512

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Enhancement: Add Backblaze B2 backend
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/512
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/978

changelog/0.7.0/issue-636

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Enhancement: Add dirs `tags` and `hosts` to fuse mount
+
+The fuse mount now has two more directories: `tags` contains a subdir for
+each tag, which in turn contains only the snapshots that have this tag. The
+subdir `hosts` contains a subdir for each host that has a snapshot, and the
+subdir contains the snapshots for that host.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/636
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1050

changelog/0.7.0/issue-965

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Bugfix: Switch to `default` repo layout for the s3 backend
+
+The default layout for the s3 backend is now `default` (instead of `s3legacy`).
+Also, there's a new `migrate` command to convert an existing repo, it can be
+run like this: `restic migrate s3_layout`
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/965
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1004

changelog/0.7.0/issue-989

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Improve performance of the `find` command
+
+Improved performance for the `find` command: Restic recognizes paths it has
+already checked for the files in question, so the number of backend requests
+is reduced a lot.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/989
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/993

changelog/0.7.0/pull-975

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Enhancement: Add new backend for OpenStack Swift
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/975
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/648

changelog/0.7.0/pull-998

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Enhancement: Improve performance of the fuse mount
+
+Listing directories which contain large files now is significantly faster.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/998

changelog/0.7.1/issue-1055

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Enhancement: Create subdirs below `data/` for local/sftp backends
+
+The local and sftp backends now create the subdirs below `data/` on
+open/init. This way, restic makes sure that they always exist. This is
+connected to an issue for the sftp server:
+
+https://github.com/restic/rest-server/pull/11#issuecomment-309879710
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1055
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1077
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1105

changelog/0.7.1/issue-1067

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Allow loading credentials for s3 from IAM
+
+When no S3 credentials are specified in the environment variables, restic
+now tries to load credentials from an IAM instance profile when the s3
+backend is used.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1067
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1086

changelog/0.7.1/issue-1073

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Add `migrate` cmd to migrate from `s3legacy` to `default` layout
+
+The `migrate` command for chaning the `s3legacy` layout to the `default` layout
+for s3 backends has been improved: It can now be restarted with `restic migrate
+--force s3_layout` and automatically retries operations on error.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1073
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1075

changelog/0.7.1/issue-1081

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Enhancement: Clarify semantic for `--tasg` for the `forget` command
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1081
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1090

changelog/0.7.1/plul-1080

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Enhancement: Ignore chmod() errors on filesystems which do not support it
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1080
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1112
+

changelog/0.7.1/pull-1082

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Print stats on SIGINFO on Darwin and FreeBSD (ctrl+t)
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1082

changelog/0.7.1/pull-1115

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Bugfix: Fix `prune`, only include existing files in indexes
+
+A bug was found (and corrected) in the index rebuilding after prune, which led
+to indexes which include blobs that were not present in the repo any more.
+There were already checks in place which detected this situation and aborted
+with an error message. A new run of either `prune` or `rebuild-index` corrected
+the index files. This is now fixed and a test has been added to detect this.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1115

changelog/0.7.2/issue-1132

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Make `key` command always prompt for a password
+
+The `key` command now prompts for a password even if the original password
+to access a repo has been specified via the `RESTIC_PASSWORD` environment
+variable or a password file.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1132
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1133

changelog/0.7.2/issue-1167

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Bugfix: Do not create a local repo unless `init` is used
+
+When a restic command other than `init` is used with a local repository and the
+repository directory does not exist, restic creates the directory structure.
+That's an error, only the `init` command should create the dir.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1167
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1182

changelog/0.7.2/issue-1179

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Enhancement: Resolve name conflicts, append a counter
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1179
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1209

changelog/0.7.2/issue-1208

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Add `--compact` to `snapshots` command
+
+The option `--compact` was added to the `snapshots` command to get a better
+overview of the snapshots in a repo. It limits each snapshot to a single line.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1218
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1223

changelog/0.7.2/issue-317

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Enhancement: Add `--exclude-caches` and `--exclude-if-present`
+
+A new option `--exclude-caches` was added that allows excluding cache
+directories (that are tagged as such). This is a special case of a more generic
+option `--exclude-if-present` which excludes a directory if a file with a
+specific name (and contents) is present.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/317
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1170
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1224

changelog/0.7.2/issues-697

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Enhancement: Automatically generate man pages for all restic commands
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/697
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1147

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1044

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Improve `restore`, do not traverse/load excluded directories
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1044

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1061

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Add Dockerfile and official Docker image
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1061

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1126

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Use the standard Go git repository layout, use `dep` for vendoring
+
+The git repository layout was changed to resemble the layout typically used in
+Go projects, we're not using `gb` for building restic any more and vendoring
+the dependencies is now taken care of by `dep`.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1126

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1134

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Enhancement: Add support for storing backups on Google Cloud Storage
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1134
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1052
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/211

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1144

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Properly report errors when reading files with exclude patterns.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1144

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1149

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Add support for storing backups on Microsoft Azure Blob Storage
+
+The library we're using to access the service requires Go 1.8, so restic now
+needs at least Go 1.8.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1149
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1059
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/609

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1164

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Bugfix: Make the `key remove` command behave as documented
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1164

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1191

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Bugfix: Make sure to write profiling files on interrupt
+
+Since a few releases restic had the ability to write profiling files for memory
+and CPU usage when `debug` is enabled. It was discovered that when restic is
+interrupted (ctrl+c is pressed), the proper shutdown hook is not run. This is
+now corrected.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1191

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1196

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Add `--group-by` to `forget` command for flexible grouping
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1196

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1203

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Enhancement: Print stats on all BSD systems when SIGINFO (ctrl+t) is received
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1203
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1082#issuecomment-326279920
+

changelog/0.7.2/pull-1205

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Allow specifying time/date for a backup with `--time`
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1205

changelog/0.7.3/issue-1246

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Bugfix: List all files stored in Google Cloud Storage
+
+For large backups stored in Google Cloud Storage, the `prune` command fails
+because listing only returns the first 1000 files. This has been corrected, no
+data is lost in the process. In addition, a plausibility check was added to
+`prune`.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1246
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1247

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1102

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Enhancement: Add subdirectory `ids` to fuse mount
+
+The fuse mount now has an `ids` subdirectory which contains the snapshots below
+their (short) IDs.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1102
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1299
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1320
+

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1114

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Enhancement: Add `--cacert` to specify TLS certificates to check against
+
+We've added the `--cacert` option which can be used to pass one (or more) CA
+certificates to restic. These are used in addition to the system CA
+certificates to verify HTTPS certificates (e.g. for the REST backend).
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1114
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1276
+
+

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1216

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Enhancement: Add upload/download limiting
+
+We've added support for rate limiting through `--limit-upload` and
+`--limit-download` flags.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1216
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1336
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1358
+

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1256

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Bugfix: Re-enable workaround for S3 backend
+
+We've re-enabled a workaround for `minio-go` (the library we're using to
+access s3 backends), this reduces memory usage.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1256
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1267

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1271

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Enhancement: Cache results for excludes for `backup`
+
+The `backup` command now caches the result of excludes for a directory.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1271
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1326

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1274

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Enhancement: Add `generate` command, replaces `manpage` and `autocomplete`
+
+The `generate` command has been added, which replaces the now removed
+commands `manpage` and `autocomplete`. This release of restic contains the
+most recent manpages in `doc/man` and the auto-completion files for bash and
+zsh in `doc/bash-completion.sh` and `doc/zsh-completion.zsh`
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1274
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1282

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1291

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Bugfix: Reuse backend TCP connections to BackBlaze B2
+
+A bug was discovered in the library we're using to access Backblaze, it now
+reuses already established TCP connections which should be a lot faster and
+not cause network failures any more.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1291
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1301

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1367

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Allow comments in files read from via `--file-from`
+
+When the list of files/dirs to be saved is read from a file with
+`--files-from`, comment lines (starting with `#`) are now ignored.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1367
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1368

changelog/0.8.0/issue-1445

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Security: Prevent writing outside the target directory during restore
+
+A vulnerability was found in the restic restorer, which allowed attackers in
+special circumstances to restore files to a location outside of the target
+directory. Due to the circumstances we estimate this to be a low-risk
+vulnerability, but urge all users to upgrade to the latest version of restic.
+
+Exploiting the vulnerability requires a Linux/Unix system which saves backups
+via restic and a Windows systems which restores files from the repo. In
+addition, the attackers need to be able to create create files with arbitrary
+names which are then saved to the restic repo. For example, by creating a file
+named "..\test.txt" (which is a perfectly legal filename on Linux) and
+restoring a snapshot containing this file on Windows, it would be written to
+the parent of the target directory.
+
+We'd like to thank Tyler Spivey for reporting this responsibly!
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1445

changelog/0.8.0/issue-448

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Enhancement: sftp backend prompts for password
+
+The sftp backend now prompts for the password if a password is necessary for
+login.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/448
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1270
+
+

changelog/0.8.0/issue-510

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Add `dump` command
+
+We've added the `dump` command which prints a file from a snapshot to
+stdout. This can e.g. be used to restore files read with `backup --stdin`.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/510
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1346

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1040

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Enhancement: Add local metadata cache
+
+We've added a local cache for metadata so that restic doesn't need to load
+all metadata (snapshots, indexes, ...) from the repo each time it starts. By
+default the cache is active, but there's a new global option `--no-cache`
+that can be used to disable the cache. By deafult, the cache a standard
+cache folder for the OS, which can be overridden with `--cache-dir`.  The
+cache will automatically populate, indexes and snapshots are saved as they
+are loaded. Cache directories for repos that haven't been used recently can
+automatically be removed by restic with the `--cleanup-cache` option.
+
+A related change was to by default create pack files in the repo that contain
+either data or metadata, not both mixed together. This allows easy caching of
+only the metadata files. The next run of `restic prune` will untangle mixed
+files automatically.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1040
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/29
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/738
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/282
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1287
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1436
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1265

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1249

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Enhancement: Add `latest` symlink in fuse mount
+
+The directory structure in the fuse mount now exposes a symlink `latest`
+which points to the latest snapshot in that particular directory.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1249

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1269

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Enhancement: Add `--compact` to `forget` command
+
+The option `--compact` was added to the `forget` command to provide the same
+compact view as the `snapshots` command.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1269

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1281

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Enhancement: Google Cloud Storage backend needs less permissions
+
+The Google Cloud Storage backend no longer requires the service account to
+have the `storage.buckets.get` permission ("Storage Admin" role) in `restic
+init` if the bucket already exists.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1281

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1317

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Bugfix: Run prune when `forget --prune` is called with just snapshot IDs
+
+A bug in the `forget` command caused `prune` not to be run when `--prune` was
+specified without a policy, e.g. when only snapshot IDs that should be
+forgotten are listed manually.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1317

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1319

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Make `check` print `no errors found` explicitly
+
+The `check` command now explicetly prints `No errors were found` when no errors
+could be found.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1319
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1303
+

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1353

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Enhancement: Retry failed backend requests
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1353

changelog/0.8.0/pull-1437

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Bugfix: Remove implicit path `/restic` for the s3 backend
+
+The s3 backend used the subdir `restic` within a bucket if no explicit path
+after the bucket name was specified. Since this version, restic does not use
+this default path any more. If you created a repo on s3 in a bucket without
+specifying a path within the bucket, you need to add `/restic` at the end of
+the repository specification to access your repo: `s3:s3.amazonaws.com/bucket/restic`
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1437
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1292

changelog/0.8.1/issue-1457

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Bugfix: Improve s3 backend with DigitalOcean Spaces
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1459
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1457

changelog/0.8.1/pull-1436

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Enhancement: Add code to detect old cache directories
+
+We've added code to detect old cache directories of repositories that
+haven't been used in a long time, restic now prints a note when it detects
+that such dirs exist. Also, the option `--cleanup-cache` was added to
+automatically remove such directories. That's not a problem because the
+cache will be rebuild once a repo is accessed again.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1436

changelog/0.8.1/pull-1439

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Enhancement: Improve cancellation logic
+
+The cancellation logic was improved, restic can now shut down cleanly when
+requested to do so (e.g. via ctrl+c).
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1439

changelog/0.8.1/pull-1452

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Change: Do not save atime by default
+
+By default, the access time for files and dirs is not saved any more. It is
+not possible to reliably disable updating the access time during a backup,
+so for the next backup the access time is different again. This means a lot
+of metadata is saved. If you want to save the access time anyway, pass
+`--with-atime` to the `backup` command.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1452

changelog/0.8.1/pull-1454

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Bugfix: Correct cache dir location for Windows and Darwin
+
+The cache directory on Windows and Darwin was not correct, instead the
+directory `.cache` was used.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1454

changelog/0.8.1/pull-1459

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Bugfix: Disable handling SIGPIPE
+
+We've disabled handling SIGPIPE again. Turns out, writing to broken TCP
+connections also raised SIGPIPE, so restic exits on the first write to a
+broken connection. Instead, restic should retry the request.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1459
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1457
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1466

changelog/0.8.1/pull-1462

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Enhancement: Add the `diff` command
+
+The command `diff` was added, it allows comparing two snapshots and listing
+all differences.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/11
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1460
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/1462

changelog/CHANGELOG.tmpl

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{{- range $changes := . }}{{ with $changes -}}
+Changelog for restic {{ .Version }} ({{ .Date }})
+=======================================
+
+The following sections list the changes in restic {{ .Version }} relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
+
+Summary
+-------
+{{ range $entry := .Entries }}{{ with $entry }}
+ * {{ .TypeShort }} #{{ .PrimaryID }}: {{ .Title }}
+{{- end }}{{ end }}
+
+Details
+-------
+{{ range $entry := .Entries }}{{ with $entry }}
+ * {{ .Type }} #{{ .PrimaryID }}: {{ .Title }}
+{{ range $par := .Paragraphs }}
+   {{ wrap $par 80 3 }}
+{{ end -}}
+{{ range $id := .Issues }}
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/{{ $id -}}
+{{ end -}}
+{{ range $id := .PRs }}
+   https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/{{ $id -}}
+{{ end -}}
+{{ range $url := .OtherURLs }}
+   {{ $url -}}
+{{ end }}
+{{ end }}{{ end }}
+
+{{ end }}{{ end -}}

changelog/changelog-entry.tmpl

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Bugfix: Fix behavior for foobar (in present tense)
+
+We've fixed the behavior for foobar, a long-standing annoyance for restic
+users.
+
+The text in the paragraphs is written in past tense. The last section is a list
+of issue URLs, PR URLs and other URLs. The first issue ID (or the first PR ID,
+in case there aren't any issue links) is used as the primary ID.
+
+https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/1234
+https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/55555
+https://forum.restic/.net/foo/bar/baz

changelog/changelog-github.tmpl

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{{- range $changes := . }}{{ with $changes -}}
+Changelog for restic {{ .Version }} ({{ .Date }})
+=======================================
+
+The following sections list the changes in restic {{ .Version }} relevant to
+restic users. The changes are ordered by importance.
+
+Summary
+-------
+{{ range $entry := .Entries }}{{ with $entry }}
+ * {{ .TypeShort }} [#{{ .PrimaryID }}]({{ .PrimaryURL }}): {{ .Title }}
+{{- end }}{{ end }}
+
+Details
+-------
+{{ range $entry := .Entries }}{{ with $entry }}
+ * {{ .Type }} #{{ .PrimaryID }}: {{ .Title }}
+{{ range $par := .Paragraphs }}
+   {{ $par }}
+{{ end }}
+   {{ range $id := .Issues -}}
+[{{ $id }}](https://github.com/restic/restic/issues/{{ $id -}})
+{{- end -}}
+{{ range $id := .PRs -}}
+{{ ` ` }}[#{{ $id }}](https://github.com/restic/restic/pull/{{ $id -}})
+{{- end -}}
+{{ ` ` }}{{ range $url := .OtherURLs -}}
+{{ $url -}}
+{{- end }}
+{{ end }}{{ end }}
+
+{{ end }}{{ end -}}

changelog/releases

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# This file lists all versions for the changelog. Each line consists of the
+# version string, followed by an optional release date.
+# 
+# The resulting changelog generated by `calens` will list all versions in
+# exactly this order.
+0.8.1
+0.8.0 2017-11-26
+0.7.3 2017-09-20
+0.7.2 2017-09-13
+0.7.1 2017-07-22
+0.7.0 2017-07-01
+0.6.1 2017-06-01
+0.6.0 2017-05-29

cmd/restic/cleanup.go

@@ -14,15 +14,25 @@ var cleanupHandlers struct {
 	sync.Mutex
 	list []func() error
 	done bool
+	ch   chan os.Signal
 }
 
 var stderr = os.Stderr
 
 func init() {
-	c := make(chan os.Signal)
-	signal.Notify(c, syscall.SIGINT)
+	cleanupHandlers.ch = make(chan os.Signal)
+	go CleanupHandler(cleanupHandlers.ch)
+	InstallSignalHandler()
+}
 
-	go CleanupHandler(c)
+// InstallSignalHandler listens for SIGINT, and triggers the cleanup handlers.
+func InstallSignalHandler() {
+	signal.Notify(cleanupHandlers.ch, syscall.SIGINT)
+}
+
+// SuspendSignalHandler removes the signal handler for SIGINT.
+func SuspendSignalHandler() {
+	signal.Reset(syscall.SIGINT)
 }
 
 // AddCleanupHandler adds the function f to the list of cleanup handlers so
@@ -57,12 +67,18 @@ func RunCleanupHandlers() {
 	cleanupHandlers.list = nil
 }
 
-// CleanupHandler handles the SIGINT signal.
+// CleanupHandler handles the SIGINT signals.
 func CleanupHandler(c <-chan os.Signal) {
 	for s := range c {
 		debug.Log("signal %v received, cleaning up", s)
-		fmt.Printf("%sInterrupt received, cleaning up\n", ClearLine())
-		Exit(0)
+		fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "%ssignal %v received, cleaning up\n", ClearLine(), s)
+
+		code := 0
+		if s != syscall.SIGINT {
+			code = 1
+		}
+
+		Exit(code)
 	}
 }
 

cmd/restic/cmd_autocomplete.go

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-)
-
-var cmdAutocomplete = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "autocomplete",
-	Short: "Generate shell autocompletion script",
-	Long: `The "autocomplete" command generates a shell autocompletion script.
-
-NOTE: The current version supports Bash only.
-      This should work for *nix systems with Bash installed.
-
-By default, the file is written directly to /etc/bash_completion.d
-for convenience, and the command may need superuser rights, e.g.:
-
-$ sudo restic autocomplete`,
-
-	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
-	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-		if err := cmdRoot.GenBashCompletionFile(autocompleteTarget); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return nil
-	},
-}
-
-var autocompleteTarget string
-
-func init() {
-	cmdRoot.AddCommand(cmdAutocomplete)
-
-	cmdAutocomplete.Flags().StringVarP(&autocompleteTarget, "completionfile", "", "/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/restic", "autocompletion file")
-	// For bash-completion
-	cmdAutocomplete.Flags().SetAnnotation("completionfile", cobra.BashCompFilenameExt, []string{})
-}

cmd/restic/cmd_backup.go

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ type BackupOptions struct {
 	Hostname         string
 	FilesFrom        string
 	TimeStamp        string
+	WithAtime        bool
 }
 
 var backupOptions BackupOptions
@@ -83,9 +84,10 @@ func init() {
 	f.BoolVar(&backupOptions.Stdin, "stdin", false, "read backup from stdin")
 	f.StringVar(&backupOptions.StdinFilename, "stdin-filename", "stdin", "file name to use when reading from stdin")
 	f.StringArrayVar(&backupOptions.Tags, "tag", nil, "add a `tag` for the new snapshot (can be specified multiple times)")
-	f.StringVar(&backupOptions.Hostname, "hostname", "", "set the `hostname` for the snapshot manually")
+	f.StringVar(&backupOptions.Hostname, "hostname", "", "set the `hostname` for the snapshot manually. To prevent an expensive rescan use the \"parent\" flag")
 	f.StringVar(&backupOptions.FilesFrom, "files-from", "", "read the files to backup from file (can be combined with file args)")
 	f.StringVar(&backupOptions.TimeStamp, "time", "", "time of the backup (ex. '2012-11-01 22:08:41') (default: now)")
+	f.BoolVar(&backupOptions.WithAtime, "with-atime", false, "store the atime for all files and directories")
 }
 
 func newScanProgress(gopts GlobalOptions) *restic.Progress {
@@ -235,10 +237,16 @@ func readBackupFromStdin(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string)
 		return errors.Fatal("when reading from stdin, no additional files can be specified")
 	}
 
-	if opts.StdinFilename == "" {
+	fn := opts.StdinFilename
+
+	if fn == "" {
 		return errors.Fatal("filename for backup from stdin must not be empty")
 	}
 
+	if filepath.Base(fn) != fn || path.Base(fn) != fn {
+		return errors.Fatal("filename is invalid (may not contain a directory, slash or backslash)")
+	}
+
 	if gopts.password == "" {
 		return errors.Fatal("unable to read password from stdin when data is to be read from stdin, use --password-file or $RESTIC_PASSWORD")
 	}
@@ -254,7 +262,7 @@ func readBackupFromStdin(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string)
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO())
+	err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -265,7 +273,7 @@ func readBackupFromStdin(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string)
 		Hostname:   opts.Hostname,
 	}
 
-	_, id, err := r.Archive(context.TODO(), opts.StdinFilename, os.Stdin, newArchiveStdinProgress(gopts))
+	_, id, err := r.Archive(gopts.ctx, fn, os.Stdin, newArchiveStdinProgress(gopts))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -298,9 +306,14 @@ func readLinesFromFile(filename string) ([]string, error) {
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
 	for scanner.Scan() {
 		line := scanner.Text()
+		// ignore empty lines
 		if line == "" {
 			continue
 		}
+		// strip comments
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "#") {
+			continue
+		}
 		lines = append(lines, line)
 	}
 
@@ -387,7 +400,17 @@ func runBackup(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO())
+	// exclude restic cache
+	if repo.Cache != nil {
+		f, err := rejectResticCache(repo)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		rejectFuncs = append(rejectFuncs, f)
+	}
+
+	err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -406,7 +429,7 @@ func runBackup(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 
 	// Find last snapshot to set it as parent, if not already set
 	if !opts.Force && parentSnapshotID == nil {
-		id, err := restic.FindLatestSnapshot(context.TODO(), repo, target, []restic.TagList{opts.Tags}, opts.Hostname)
+		id, err := restic.FindLatestSnapshot(gopts.ctx, repo, target, []restic.TagList{}, opts.Hostname)
 		if err == nil {
 			parentSnapshotID = &id
 		} else if err != restic.ErrNoSnapshotFound {
@@ -437,6 +460,7 @@ func runBackup(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	arch := archiver.New(repo)
 	arch.Excludes = opts.Excludes
 	arch.SelectFilter = selectFilter
+	arch.WithAccessTime = opts.WithAtime
 
 	arch.Warn = func(dir string, fi os.FileInfo, err error) {
 		// TODO: make ignoring errors configurable
@@ -451,7 +475,7 @@ func runBackup(opts BackupOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	_, id, err := arch.Snapshot(context.TODO(), newArchiveProgress(gopts, stat), target, opts.Tags, opts.Hostname, parentSnapshotID, timeStamp)
+	_, id, err := arch.Snapshot(gopts.ctx, newArchiveProgress(gopts, stat), target, opts.Tags, opts.Hostname, parentSnapshotID, timeStamp)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cmd/restic/cmd_cat.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		fmt.Println(string(buf))
 		return nil
 	case "index":
-		buf, err := repo.LoadAndDecrypt(context.TODO(), restic.IndexFile, id)
+		buf, err := repo.LoadAndDecrypt(gopts.ctx, restic.IndexFile, id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 
 	case "snapshot":
 		sn := &restic.Snapshot{}
-		err = repo.LoadJSONUnpacked(context.TODO(), restic.SnapshotFile, id, sn)
+		err = repo.LoadJSONUnpacked(gopts.ctx, restic.SnapshotFile, id, sn)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	case "key":
 		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.KeyFile, Name: id.String()}
-		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(context.TODO(), repo.Backend(), h)
+		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(gopts.ctx, repo.Backend(), h)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		fmt.Println(string(buf))
 		return nil
 	case "lock":
-		lock, err := restic.LoadLock(context.TODO(), repo, id)
+		lock, err := restic.LoadLock(gopts.ctx, repo, id)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -143,7 +142,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	}
 
 	// load index, handle all the other types
-	err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO())
+	err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	switch tpe {
 	case "pack":
 		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.DataFile, Name: id.String()}
-		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(context.TODO(), repo.Backend(), h)
+		buf, err := backend.LoadAll(gopts.ctx, repo.Backend(), h)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@ func runCat(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 			blob := list[0]
 
 			buf := make([]byte, blob.Length)
-			n, err := repo.LoadBlob(context.TODO(), t, id, buf)
+			n, err := repo.LoadBlob(gopts.ctx, t, id, buf)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}

cmd/restic/cmd_check.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"time"
@@ -19,6 +18,9 @@ var cmdCheck = &cobra.Command{
 	Long: `
 The "check" command tests the repository for errors and reports any errors it
 finds. It can also be used to read all data and therefore simulate a restore.
+
+By default, the "check" command will always load all data directly from the
+repository and not use a local cache.
 `,
 	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
 	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -30,6 +32,7 @@ finds. It can also be used to read all data and therefore simulate a restore.
 type CheckOptions struct {
 	ReadData    bool
 	CheckUnused bool
+	WithCache   bool
 }
 
 var checkOptions CheckOptions
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ func init() {
 	f := cmdCheck.Flags()
 	f.BoolVar(&checkOptions.ReadData, "read-data", false, "read all data blobs")
 	f.BoolVar(&checkOptions.CheckUnused, "check-unused", false, "find unused blobs")
+	f.BoolVar(&checkOptions.WithCache, "with-cache", false, "use the cache")
 }
 
 func newReadProgress(gopts GlobalOptions, todo restic.Stat) *restic.Progress {
@@ -77,13 +81,18 @@ func runCheck(opts CheckOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		return errors.Fatal("check has no arguments")
 	}
 
+	if !opts.WithCache {
+		// do not use a cache for the checker
+		gopts.NoCache = true
+	}
+
 	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	if !gopts.NoLock {
-		Verbosef("Create exclusive lock for repository\n")
+		Verbosef("create exclusive lock for repository\n")
 		lock, err := lockRepoExclusive(repo)
 		defer unlockRepo(lock)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -93,8 +102,8 @@ func runCheck(opts CheckOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 
 	chkr := checker.New(repo)
 
-	Verbosef("Load indexes\n")
-	hints, errs := chkr.LoadIndex(context.TODO())
+	Verbosef("load indexes\n")
+	hints, errs := chkr.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx)
 
 	dupFound := false
 	for _, hint := range hints {
@@ -118,17 +127,17 @@ func runCheck(opts CheckOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	errorsFound := false
 	errChan := make(chan error)
 
-	Verbosef("Check all packs\n")
-	go chkr.Packs(context.TODO(), errChan)
+	Verbosef("check all packs\n")
+	go chkr.Packs(gopts.ctx, errChan)
 
 	for err := range errChan {
 		errorsFound = true
 		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%v\n", err)
 	}
 
-	Verbosef("Check snapshots, trees and blobs\n")
+	Verbosef("check snapshots, trees and blobs\n")
 	errChan = make(chan error)
-	go chkr.Structure(context.TODO(), errChan)
+	go chkr.Structure(gopts.ctx, errChan)
 
 	for err := range errChan {
 		errorsFound = true
@@ -150,12 +159,12 @@ func runCheck(opts CheckOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	}
 
 	if opts.ReadData {
-		Verbosef("Read all data\n")
+		Verbosef("read all data\n")
 
 		p := newReadProgress(gopts, restic.Stat{Blobs: chkr.CountPacks()})
 		errChan := make(chan error)
 
-		go chkr.ReadData(context.TODO(), p, errChan)
+		go chkr.ReadData(gopts.ctx, p, errChan)
 
 		for err := range errChan {
 			errorsFound = true
@@ -166,5 +175,8 @@ func runCheck(opts CheckOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	if errorsFound {
 		return errors.Fatal("repository contains errors")
 	}
+
+	Verbosef("no errors were found\n")
+
 	return nil
 }

cmd/restic/cmd_debug.go

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+// +build debug
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/pack"
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic"
+
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/worker"
+)
+
+var cmdDebug = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "debug",
+	Short: "Debug commands",
+}
+
+var cmdDebugDump = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "dump [indexes|snapshots|all|packs]",
+	Short: "Dump data structures",
+	Long: `
+The "dump" command dumps data structures from the repository as JSON objects. It
+is used for debugging purposes only.`,
+	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		return runDebugDump(globalOptions, args)
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	cmdRoot.AddCommand(cmdDebug)
+	cmdDebug.AddCommand(cmdDebugDump)
+}
+
+func prettyPrintJSON(wr io.Writer, item interface{}) error {
+	buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(item, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	_, err = wr.Write(append(buf, '\n'))
+	return err
+}
+
+func debugPrintSnapshots(repo *repository.Repository, wr io.Writer) error {
+	for id := range repo.List(context.TODO(), restic.SnapshotFile) {
+		snapshot, err := restic.LoadSnapshot(context.TODO(), repo, id)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "LoadSnapshot(%v): %v", id.Str(), err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fmt.Fprintf(wr, "snapshot_id: %v\n", id)
+
+		err = prettyPrintJSON(wr, snapshot)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+const dumpPackWorkers = 10
+
+// Pack is the struct used in printPacks.
+type Pack struct {
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+
+	Blobs []Blob `json:"blobs"`
+}
+
+// Blob is the struct used in printPacks.
+type Blob struct {
+	Type   restic.BlobType `json:"type"`
+	Length uint            `json:"length"`
+	ID     restic.ID       `json:"id"`
+	Offset uint            `json:"offset"`
+}
+
+func printPacks(repo *repository.Repository, wr io.Writer) error {
+	f := func(ctx context.Context, job worker.Job) (interface{}, error) {
+		name := job.Data.(string)
+
+		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.DataFile, Name: name}
+
+		blobInfo, err := repo.Backend().Stat(ctx, h)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		blobs, err := pack.List(repo.Key(), restic.ReaderAt(repo.Backend(), h), blobInfo.Size)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		return blobs, nil
+	}
+
+	jobCh := make(chan worker.Job)
+	resCh := make(chan worker.Job)
+	wp := worker.New(context.TODO(), dumpPackWorkers, f, jobCh, resCh)
+
+	go func() {
+		for name := range repo.Backend().List(context.TODO(), restic.DataFile) {
+			jobCh <- worker.Job{Data: name}
+		}
+		close(jobCh)
+	}()
+
+	for job := range resCh {
+		name := job.Data.(string)
+
+		if job.Error != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error for pack %v: %v\n", name, job.Error)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		entries := job.Result.([]restic.Blob)
+		p := Pack{
+			Name:  name,
+			Blobs: make([]Blob, len(entries)),
+		}
+		for i, blob := range entries {
+			p.Blobs[i] = Blob{
+				Type:   blob.Type,
+				Length: blob.Length,
+				ID:     blob.ID,
+				Offset: blob.Offset,
+			}
+		}
+
+		prettyPrintJSON(os.Stdout, p)
+	}
+
+	wp.Wait()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func dumpIndexes(repo restic.Repository) error {
+	for id := range repo.List(context.TODO(), restic.IndexFile) {
+		fmt.Printf("index_id: %v\n", id)
+
+		idx, err := repository.LoadIndex(context.TODO(), repo, id)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		err = idx.Dump(os.Stdout)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func runDebugDump(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
+	if len(args) != 1 {
+		return errors.Fatal("type not specified")
+	}
+
+	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !gopts.NoLock {
+		lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
+		defer unlockRepo(lock)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	tpe := args[0]
+
+	switch tpe {
+	case "indexes":
+		return dumpIndexes(repo)
+	case "snapshots":
+		return debugPrintSnapshots(repo, os.Stdout)
+	case "packs":
+		return printPacks(repo, os.Stdout)
+	case "all":
+		fmt.Printf("snapshots:\n")
+		err := debugPrintSnapshots(repo, os.Stdout)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("\nindexes:\n")
+		err = dumpIndexes(repo)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return errors.Fatalf("no such type %q", tpe)
+	}
+}

cmd/restic/cmd_diff.go

@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"path"
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/debug"
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var cmdDiff = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "diff snapshot-ID snapshot-ID",
+	Short: "Show differences between two snapshots",
+	Long: `
+The "diff" command shows differences from the first to the second snapshot. The
+first characters in each line display what has happened to a particular file or
+directory:
+
+ +  The item was added
+ -  The item was removed
+ U  The metadata (access mode, timestamps, ...) for the item was updated
+ M  The file's content was modified
+ T  The type was changed, e.g. a file was made a symlink
+`,
+	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		return runDiff(diffOptions, globalOptions, args)
+	},
+}
+
+// DiffOptions collects all options for the diff command.
+type DiffOptions struct {
+	ShowMetadata bool
+}
+
+var diffOptions DiffOptions
+
+func init() {
+	cmdRoot.AddCommand(cmdDiff)
+
+	f := cmdDiff.Flags()
+	f.BoolVar(&diffOptions.ShowMetadata, "metadata", false, "print changes in metadata")
+}
+
+func loadSnapshot(ctx context.Context, repo *repository.Repository, desc string) (*restic.Snapshot, error) {
+	id, err := restic.FindSnapshot(repo, desc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return restic.LoadSnapshot(ctx, repo, id)
+}
+
+// Comparer collects all things needed to compare two snapshots.
+type Comparer struct {
+	repo restic.Repository
+	opts DiffOptions
+}
+
+// DiffStat collects stats for all types of items.
+type DiffStat struct {
+	Files, Dirs, Others  int
+	DataBlobs, TreeBlobs int
+	Bytes                int
+}
+
+// Add adds stats information for node to s.
+func (s *DiffStat) Add(node *restic.Node) {
+	if node == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch node.Type {
+	case "file":
+		s.Files++
+	case "dir":
+		s.Dirs++
+	default:
+		s.Others++
+	}
+}
+
+// addBlobs adds the blobs of node to s.
+func addBlobs(bs restic.BlobSet, node *restic.Node) {
+	if node == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch node.Type {
+	case "file":
+		for _, blob := range node.Content {
+			h := restic.BlobHandle{
+				ID:   blob,
+				Type: restic.DataBlob,
+			}
+			bs.Insert(h)
+		}
+	case "dir":
+		h := restic.BlobHandle{
+			ID:   *node.Subtree,
+			Type: restic.TreeBlob,
+		}
+		bs.Insert(h)
+	}
+}
+
+// DiffStats collects the differences between two snapshots.
+type DiffStats struct {
+	ChangedFiles            int
+	Added                   DiffStat
+	Removed                 DiffStat
+	BlobsBefore, BlobsAfter restic.BlobSet
+}
+
+// NewDiffStats creates new stats for a diff run.
+func NewDiffStats() *DiffStats {
+	return &DiffStats{
+		BlobsBefore: restic.NewBlobSet(),
+		BlobsAfter:  restic.NewBlobSet(),
+	}
+}
+
+// updateBlobs updates the blob counters in the stats struct.
+func updateBlobs(repo restic.Repository, blobs restic.BlobSet, stats *DiffStat) {
+	for h := range blobs {
+		switch h.Type {
+		case restic.DataBlob:
+			stats.DataBlobs++
+		case restic.TreeBlob:
+			stats.TreeBlobs++
+		}
+
+		size, err := repo.LookupBlobSize(h.ID, h.Type)
+		if err != nil {
+			Warnf("unable to find blob size for %v: %v\n", h, err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		stats.Bytes += int(size)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Comparer) printDir(ctx context.Context, mode string, stats *DiffStat, blobs restic.BlobSet, prefix string, id restic.ID) error {
+	debug.Log("print %v tree %v", mode, id)
+	tree, err := c.repo.LoadTree(ctx, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, node := range tree.Nodes {
+		name := path.Join(prefix, node.Name)
+		if node.Type == "dir" {
+			name += "/"
+		}
+		Printf("%-5s%v\n", mode, name)
+		stats.Add(node)
+		addBlobs(blobs, node)
+
+		if node.Type == "dir" {
+			err := c.printDir(ctx, mode, stats, blobs, name, *node.Subtree)
+			if err != nil {
+				Warnf("error: %v\n", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func uniqueNodeNames(tree1, tree2 *restic.Tree) (tree1Nodes, tree2Nodes map[string]*restic.Node, uniqueNames []string) {
+	names := make(map[string]struct{})
+	tree1Nodes = make(map[string]*restic.Node)
+	for _, node := range tree1.Nodes {
+		tree1Nodes[node.Name] = node
+		names[node.Name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	tree2Nodes = make(map[string]*restic.Node)
+	for _, node := range tree2.Nodes {
+		tree2Nodes[node.Name] = node
+		names[node.Name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	uniqueNames = make([]string, 0, len(names))
+	for name := range names {
+		uniqueNames = append(uniqueNames, name)
+	}
+
+	sort.Sort(sort.StringSlice(uniqueNames))
+	return tree1Nodes, tree2Nodes, uniqueNames
+}
+
+func (c *Comparer) diffTree(ctx context.Context, stats *DiffStats, prefix string, id1, id2 restic.ID) error {
+	debug.Log("diffing %v to %v", id1, id2)
+	tree1, err := c.repo.LoadTree(ctx, id1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	tree2, err := c.repo.LoadTree(ctx, id2)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	tree1Nodes, tree2Nodes, names := uniqueNodeNames(tree1, tree2)
+
+	for _, name := range names {
+		node1, t1 := tree1Nodes[name]
+		node2, t2 := tree2Nodes[name]
+
+		addBlobs(stats.BlobsBefore, node1)
+		addBlobs(stats.BlobsAfter, node2)
+
+		switch {
+		case t1 && t2:
+			name := path.Join(prefix, name)
+			mod := ""
+
+			if node1.Type != node2.Type {
+				mod += "T"
+			}
+
+			if node2.Type == "dir" {
+				name += "/"
+			}
+
+			if node1.Type == "file" &&
+				node2.Type == "file" &&
+				!reflect.DeepEqual(node1.Content, node2.Content) {
+				mod += "M"
+				stats.ChangedFiles++
+			} else if c.opts.ShowMetadata && !node1.Equals(*node2) {
+				mod += "U"
+			}
+
+			if mod != "" {
+				Printf("%-5s%v\n", mod, name)
+			}
+
+			if node1.Type == "dir" && node2.Type == "dir" {
+				err := c.diffTree(ctx, stats, name, *node1.Subtree, *node2.Subtree)
+				if err != nil {
+					Warnf("error: %v\n", err)
+				}
+			}
+		case t1 && !t2:
+			prefix := path.Join(prefix, name)
+			if node1.Type == "dir" {
+				prefix += "/"
+			}
+			Printf("%-5s%v\n", "-", prefix)
+			stats.Removed.Add(node1)
+
+			if node1.Type == "dir" {
+				err := c.printDir(ctx, "-", &stats.Removed, stats.BlobsBefore, prefix, *node1.Subtree)
+				if err != nil {
+					Warnf("error: %v\n", err)
+				}
+			}
+		case !t1 && t2:
+			prefix := path.Join(prefix, name)
+			if node2.Type == "dir" {
+				prefix += "/"
+			}
+			Printf("%-5s%v\n", "+", prefix)
+			stats.Added.Add(node2)
+
+			if node2.Type == "dir" {
+				err := c.printDir(ctx, "+", &stats.Added, stats.BlobsAfter, prefix, *node2.Subtree)
+				if err != nil {
+					Warnf("error: %v\n", err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func runDiff(opts DiffOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
+	if len(args) != 2 {
+		return errors.Fatalf("specify two snapshot IDs")
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(gopts.ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = repo.LoadIndex(ctx); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !gopts.NoLock {
+		lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
+		defer unlockRepo(lock)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	sn1, err := loadSnapshot(ctx, repo, args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	sn2, err := loadSnapshot(ctx, repo, args[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	Verbosef("comparing snapshot %v to %v:\n\n", sn1.ID().Str(), sn2.ID().Str())
+
+	if sn1.Tree == nil {
+		return errors.Errorf("snapshot %v has nil tree", sn1.ID().Str())
+	}
+
+	if sn2.Tree == nil {
+		return errors.Errorf("snapshot %v has nil tree", sn2.ID().Str())
+	}
+
+	c := &Comparer{
+		repo: repo,
+		opts: diffOptions,
+	}
+
+	stats := NewDiffStats()
+
+	err = c.diffTree(ctx, stats, "/", *sn1.Tree, *sn2.Tree)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	both := stats.BlobsBefore.Intersect(stats.BlobsAfter)
+	updateBlobs(repo, stats.BlobsBefore.Sub(both), &stats.Removed)
+	updateBlobs(repo, stats.BlobsAfter.Sub(both), &stats.Added)
+
+	Printf("\n")
+	Printf("Files:       %5d new, %5d removed, %5d changed\n", stats.Added.Files, stats.Removed.Files, stats.ChangedFiles)
+	Printf("Dirs:        %5d new, %5d removed\n", stats.Added.Dirs, stats.Removed.Dirs)
+	Printf("Others:      %5d new, %5d removed\n", stats.Added.Others, stats.Removed.Others)
+	Printf("Data Blobs:  %5d new, %5d removed\n", stats.Added.DataBlobs, stats.Removed.DataBlobs)
+	Printf("Tree Blobs:  %5d new, %5d removed\n", stats.Added.TreeBlobs, stats.Removed.TreeBlobs)
+	Printf("  Added:   %-5s\n", formatBytes(uint64(stats.Added.Bytes)))
+	Printf("  Removed: %-5s\n", formatBytes(uint64(stats.Removed.Bytes)))
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/restic/cmd_dump.go

@@ -1,168 +1,134 @@
-// xbuild debug
-
 package main
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/debug"
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
-	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/pack"
-	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/repository"
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic"
 
-	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/worker"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 var cmdDump = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "dump [indexes|snapshots|trees|all|packs]",
-	Short: "Dump data structures",
+	Use:   "dump [flags] snapshotID file",
+	Short: "Print a backed-up file to stdout",
 	Long: `
-The "dump" command dumps data structures from the repository as JSON objects. It
-is used for debugging purposes only.`,
+The "dump" command extracts a single file from a snapshot from the repository and
+prints its contents to stdout.
+
+The special snapshot "latest" can be used to use the latest snapshot in the
+repository.
+`,
 	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
 	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-		return runDump(globalOptions, args)
+		return runDump(dumpOptions, globalOptions, args)
 	},
 }
 
+// DumpOptions collects all options for the dump command.
+type DumpOptions struct {
+	Host  string
+	Paths []string
+	Tags  restic.TagLists
+}
+
+var dumpOptions DumpOptions
+
 func init() {
 	cmdRoot.AddCommand(cmdDump)
+
+	flags := cmdDump.Flags()
+	flags.StringVarP(&dumpOptions.Host, "host", "H", "", `only consider snapshots for this host when the snapshot ID is "latest"`)
+	flags.Var(&dumpOptions.Tags, "tag", "only consider snapshots which include this `taglist` for snapshot ID \"latest\"")
+	flags.StringArrayVar(&dumpOptions.Paths, "path", nil, "only consider snapshots which include this (absolute) `path` for snapshot ID \"latest\"")
 }
 
-func prettyPrintJSON(wr io.Writer, item interface{}) error {
-	buf, err := json.MarshalIndent(item, "", "  ")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+func splitPath(path string) []string {
+	d, f := filepath.Split(path)
+	if d == "" || d == "/" {
+		return []string{f}
 	}
-
-	_, err = wr.Write(append(buf, '\n'))
-	return err
+	s := splitPath(filepath.Clean(d))
+	return append(s, f)
 }
 
-func debugPrintSnapshots(repo *repository.Repository, wr io.Writer) error {
-	for id := range repo.List(context.TODO(), restic.SnapshotFile) {
-		snapshot, err := restic.LoadSnapshot(context.TODO(), repo, id)
-		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "LoadSnapshot(%v): %v", id.Str(), err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		fmt.Fprintf(wr, "snapshot_id: %v\n", id)
-
-		err = prettyPrintJSON(wr, snapshot)
+func dumpNode(ctx context.Context, repo restic.Repository, node *restic.Node) error {
+	var buf []byte
+	for _, id := range node.Content {
+		size, err := repo.LookupBlobSize(id, restic.DataBlob)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-	}
 
+		buf = buf[:cap(buf)]
+		if len(buf) < restic.CiphertextLength(int(size)) {
+			buf = restic.NewBlobBuffer(int(size))
+		}
+
+		n, err := repo.LoadBlob(ctx, restic.DataBlob, id, buf)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		buf = buf[:n]
+
+		_, err = os.Stdout.Write(buf)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "Write")
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-const dumpPackWorkers = 10
-
-// Pack is the struct used in printPacks.
-type Pack struct {
-	Name string `json:"name"`
-
-	Blobs []Blob `json:"blobs"`
-}
-
-// Blob is the struct used in printPacks.
-type Blob struct {
-	Type   restic.BlobType `json:"type"`
-	Length uint            `json:"length"`
-	ID     restic.ID       `json:"id"`
-	Offset uint            `json:"offset"`
-}
-
-func printPacks(repo *repository.Repository, wr io.Writer) error {
-	f := func(ctx context.Context, job worker.Job) (interface{}, error) {
-		name := job.Data.(string)
-
-		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.DataFile, Name: name}
-
-		blobInfo, err := repo.Backend().Stat(ctx, h)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		blobs, err := pack.List(repo.Key(), restic.ReaderAt(repo.Backend(), h), blobInfo.Size)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		return blobs, nil
+func printFromTree(ctx context.Context, tree *restic.Tree, repo restic.Repository, prefix string, pathComponents []string) error {
+	if tree == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("called with a nil tree")
 	}
-
-	jobCh := make(chan worker.Job)
-	resCh := make(chan worker.Job)
-	wp := worker.New(context.TODO(), dumpPackWorkers, f, jobCh, resCh)
-
-	go func() {
-		for name := range repo.Backend().List(context.TODO(), restic.DataFile) {
-			jobCh <- worker.Job{Data: name}
-		}
-		close(jobCh)
-	}()
-
-	for job := range resCh {
-		name := job.Data.(string)
-
-		if job.Error != nil {
-			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error for pack %v: %v\n", name, job.Error)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		entries := job.Result.([]restic.Blob)
-		p := Pack{
-			Name:  name,
-			Blobs: make([]Blob, len(entries)),
-		}
-		for i, blob := range entries {
-			p.Blobs[i] = Blob{
-				Type:   blob.Type,
-				Length: blob.Length,
-				ID:     blob.ID,
-				Offset: blob.Offset,
+	if repo == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("called with a nil repository")
+	}
+	l := len(pathComponents)
+	if l == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty path components")
+	}
+	item := filepath.Join(prefix, pathComponents[0])
+	for _, node := range tree.Nodes {
+		if node.Name == pathComponents[0] {
+			switch {
+			case l == 1 && node.Type == "file":
+				return dumpNode(ctx, repo, node)
+			case l > 1 && node.Type == "dir":
+				subtree, err := repo.LoadTree(ctx, *node.Subtree)
+				if err != nil {
+					return errors.Wrapf(err, "cannot load subtree for %q", item)
+				}
+				return printFromTree(ctx, subtree, repo, item, pathComponents[1:])
+			case l > 1:
+				return fmt.Errorf("%q should be a dir, but s a %q", item, node.Type)
+			case node.Type != "file":
+				return fmt.Errorf("%q should be a file, but is a %q", item, node.Type)
 			}
 		}
-
-		prettyPrintJSON(os.Stdout, p)
 	}
-
-	wp.Wait()
-
-	return nil
+	return fmt.Errorf("path %q not found in snapshot", item)
 }
 
-func dumpIndexes(repo restic.Repository) error {
-	for id := range repo.List(context.TODO(), restic.IndexFile) {
-		fmt.Printf("index_id: %v\n", id)
+func runDump(opts DumpOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
+	ctx := gopts.ctx
 
-		idx, err := repository.LoadIndex(context.TODO(), repo, id)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		err = idx.Dump(os.Stdout)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+	if len(args) != 2 {
+		return errors.Fatal("no file and no snapshot ID specified")
 	}
 
-	return nil
-}
+	snapshotIDString := args[0]
+	pathToPrint := args[1]
 
-func runDump(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
-	if len(args) != 1 {
-		return errors.Fatal("type not specified")
-	}
+	debug.Log("dump file %q from %q", pathToPrint, snapshotIDString)
+
+	splittedPath := splitPath(pathToPrint)
 
 	repo, err := OpenRepository(gopts)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -177,35 +143,39 @@ func runDump(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO())
+	err = repo.LoadIndex(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	tpe := args[0]
+	var id restic.ID
 
-	switch tpe {
-	case "indexes":
-		return dumpIndexes(repo)
-	case "snapshots":
-		return debugPrintSnapshots(repo, os.Stdout)
-	case "packs":
-		return printPacks(repo, os.Stdout)
-	case "all":
-		fmt.Printf("snapshots:\n")
-		err := debugPrintSnapshots(repo, os.Stdout)
+	if snapshotIDString == "latest" {
+		id, err = restic.FindLatestSnapshot(ctx, repo, opts.Paths, opts.Tags, opts.Host)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			Exitf(1, "latest snapshot for criteria not found: %v Paths:%v Host:%v", err, opts.Paths, opts.Host)
 		}
-
-		fmt.Printf("\nindexes:\n")
-		err = dumpIndexes(repo)
+	} else {
+		id, err = restic.FindSnapshot(repo, snapshotIDString)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			Exitf(1, "invalid id %q: %v", snapshotIDString, err)
 		}
-
-		return nil
-	default:
-		return errors.Fatalf("no such type %q", tpe)
 	}
+
+	sn, err := restic.LoadSnapshot(gopts.ctx, repo, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		Exitf(2, "loading snapshot %q failed: %v", snapshotIDString, err)
+	}
+
+	tree, err := repo.LoadTree(ctx, *sn.Tree)
+	if err != nil {
+		Exitf(2, "loading tree for snapshot %q failed: %v", snapshotIDString, err)
+	}
+
+	err = printFromTree(ctx, tree, repo, "", splittedPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		Exitf(2, "cannot dump file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }

cmd/restic/cmd_find.go

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ type Finder struct {
 	notfound restic.IDSet
 }
 
-func (f *Finder) findInTree(treeID restic.ID, prefix string) error {
+func (f *Finder) findInTree(ctx context.Context, treeID restic.ID, prefix string) error {
 	if f.notfound.Has(treeID) {
 		debug.Log("%v skipping tree %v, has already been checked", prefix, treeID.Str())
 		return nil
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func (f *Finder) findInTree(treeID restic.ID, prefix string) error {
 
 	debug.Log("%v checking tree %v\n", prefix, treeID.Str())
 
-	tree, err := f.repo.LoadTree(context.TODO(), treeID)
+	tree, err := f.repo.LoadTree(ctx, treeID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func (f *Finder) findInTree(treeID restic.ID, prefix string) error {
 		}
 
 		if node.Type == "dir" {
-			if err := f.findInTree(*node.Subtree, filepath.Join(prefix, node.Name)); err != nil {
+			if err := f.findInTree(ctx, *node.Subtree, filepath.Join(prefix, node.Name)); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
@@ -237,14 +237,11 @@ func (f *Finder) findInTree(treeID restic.ID, prefix string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (f *Finder) findInSnapshot(sn *restic.Snapshot) error {
+func (f *Finder) findInSnapshot(ctx context.Context, sn *restic.Snapshot) error {
 	debug.Log("searching in snapshot %s\n  for entries within [%s %s]", sn.ID(), f.pat.oldest, f.pat.newest)
 
 	f.out.newsn = sn
-	if err := f.findInTree(*sn.Tree, string(filepath.Separator)); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
+	return f.findInTree(ctx, *sn.Tree, string(filepath.Separator))
 }
 
 func runFind(opts FindOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
@@ -284,7 +281,7 @@ func runFind(opts FindOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO()); err != nil {
+	if err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -298,7 +295,7 @@ func runFind(opts FindOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		notfound: restic.NewIDSet(),
 	}
 	for sn := range FindFilteredSnapshots(ctx, repo, opts.Host, opts.Tags, opts.Paths, opts.Snapshots) {
-		if err = f.findInSnapshot(sn); err != nil {
+		if err = f.findInSnapshot(ctx, sn); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}

cmd/restic/cmd_forget.go

@@ -35,9 +35,10 @@ type ForgetOptions struct {
 	Yearly   int
 	KeepTags restic.TagLists
 
-	Host  string
-	Tags  restic.TagLists
-	Paths []string
+	Host    string
+	Tags    restic.TagLists
+	Paths   []string
+	Compact bool
 
 	// Grouping
 	GroupBy string
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ func init() {
 	f.StringVar(&forgetOptions.Host, "hostname", "", "only consider snapshots with the given `hostname` (deprecated)")
 	f.Var(&forgetOptions.Tags, "tag", "only consider snapshots which include this `taglist` in the format `tag[,tag,...]` (can be specified multiple times)")
 	f.StringArrayVar(&forgetOptions.Paths, "path", nil, "only consider snapshots which include this (absolute) `path` (can be specified multiple times)")
+	f.BoolVarP(&forgetOptions.Compact, "compact", "c", false, "use compact format")
 
 	f.StringVarP(&forgetOptions.GroupBy, "group-by", "g", "host,paths", "string for grouping snapshots by host,paths,tags")
 	f.BoolVarP(&forgetOptions.DryRun, "dry-run", "n", false, "do not delete anything, just print what would be done")
@@ -114,6 +116,8 @@ func runForget(opts ForgetOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	removeSnapshots := 0
+
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(gopts.ctx)
 	defer cancel()
 	for sn := range FindFilteredSnapshots(ctx, repo, opts.Host, opts.Tags, opts.Paths, args) {
@@ -121,15 +125,16 @@ func runForget(opts ForgetOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 			// When explicit snapshots args are given, remove them immediately.
 			if !opts.DryRun {
 				h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.SnapshotFile, Name: sn.ID().String()}
-				if err = repo.Backend().Remove(context.TODO(), h); err != nil {
+				if err = repo.Backend().Remove(gopts.ctx, h); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
 				Verbosef("removed snapshot %v\n", sn.ID().Str())
+				removeSnapshots++
 			} else {
 				Verbosef("would have removed snapshot %v\n", sn.ID().Str())
 			}
 		} else {
-			// Determing grouping-keys
+			// Determining grouping-keys
 			var tags []string
 			var hostname string
 			var paths []string
@@ -176,7 +181,6 @@ func runForget(opts ForgetOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	removeSnapshots := 0
 	for k, snapshotGroup := range snapshotGroups {
 		var key key
 		if json.Unmarshal([]byte(k), &key) != nil {
@@ -204,13 +208,13 @@ func runForget(opts ForgetOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 
 		if len(keep) != 0 && !gopts.Quiet {
 			Printf("keep %d snapshots:\n", len(keep))
-			PrintSnapshots(globalOptions.stdout, keep, false)
+			PrintSnapshots(globalOptions.stdout, keep, opts.Compact)
 			Printf("\n")
 		}
 
 		if len(remove) != 0 && !gopts.Quiet {
 			Printf("remove %d snapshots:\n", len(remove))
-			PrintSnapshots(globalOptions.stdout, remove, false)
+			PrintSnapshots(globalOptions.stdout, remove, opts.Compact)
 			Printf("\n")
 		}
 
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@ func runForget(opts ForgetOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		if !opts.DryRun {
 			for _, sn := range remove {
 				h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.SnapshotFile, Name: sn.ID().String()}
-				err = repo.Backend().Remove(context.TODO(), h)
+				err = repo.Backend().Remove(gopts.ctx, h)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}

cmd/restic/cmd_generate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+var cmdGenerate = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "generate [command]",
+	Short: "Generate manual pages and auto-completion files (bash, zsh)",
+	Long: `
+The "generate" command writes automatically generated files like the man pages
+and the auto-completion files for bash and zsh).
+`,
+	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
+	RunE:              runGenerate,
+}
+
+type generateOptions struct {
+	ManDir             string
+	BashCompletionFile string
+	ZSHCompletionFile  string
+}
+
+var genOpts generateOptions
+
+func init() {
+	cmdRoot.AddCommand(cmdGenerate)
+	fs := cmdGenerate.Flags()
+	fs.StringVar(&genOpts.ManDir, "man", "", "write man pages to `directory`")
+	fs.StringVar(&genOpts.BashCompletionFile, "bash-completion", "", "write bash completion `file`")
+	fs.StringVar(&genOpts.ZSHCompletionFile, "zsh-completion", "", "write zsh completion `file`")
+}
+
+func writeManpages(dir string) error {
+	// use a fixed date for the man pages so that generating them is deterministic
+	date, err := time.Parse("Jan 2006", "Jan 2017")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	header := &doc.GenManHeader{
+		Title:   "restic backup",
+		Section: "1",
+		Source:  "generated by `restic generate`",
+		Date:    &date,
+	}
+
+	Verbosef("writing man pages to directory %v\n", dir)
+	return doc.GenManTree(cmdRoot, header, dir)
+}
+
+func writeBashCompletion(file string) error {
+	Verbosef("writing bash completion file to %v\n", file)
+	return cmdRoot.GenBashCompletionFile(file)
+}
+
+func writeZSHCompletion(file string) error {
+	Verbosef("writing zsh completion file to %v\n", file)
+	return cmdRoot.GenZshCompletionFile(file)
+}
+
+func runGenerate(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	if genOpts.ManDir != "" {
+		err := writeManpages(genOpts.ManDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if genOpts.BashCompletionFile != "" {
+		err := writeBashCompletion(genOpts.BashCompletionFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if genOpts.ZSHCompletionFile != "" {
+		err := writeZSHCompletion(genOpts.ZSHCompletionFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	var empty generateOptions
+	if genOpts == empty {
+		return errors.Fatal("nothing to do, please specify at least one output file/dir")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/restic/cmd_init.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"context"
-
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/repository"
 
@@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ func runInit(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 
 	s := repository.New(be)
 
-	err = s.Init(context.TODO(), gopts.password)
+	err = s.Init(gopts.ctx, gopts.password)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Fatalf("create key in backend at %s failed: %v\n", gopts.Repo, err)
 	}

cmd/restic/cmd_key.go

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func addKey(gopts GlobalOptions, repo *repository.Repository) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	id, err := repository.AddKey(context.TODO(), repo, pw, repo.Key())
+	id, err := repository.AddKey(gopts.ctx, repo, pw, repo.Key())
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Fatalf("creating new key failed: %v\n", err)
 	}
@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ func addKey(gopts GlobalOptions, repo *repository.Repository) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func deleteKey(repo *repository.Repository, name string) error {
+func deleteKey(ctx context.Context, repo *repository.Repository, name string) error {
 	if name == repo.KeyName() {
 		return errors.Fatal("refusing to remove key currently used to access repository")
 	}
 
 	h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.KeyFile, Name: name}
-	err := repo.Backend().Remove(context.TODO(), h)
+	err := repo.Backend().Remove(ctx, h)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -107,13 +107,13 @@ func changePassword(gopts GlobalOptions, repo *repository.Repository) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	id, err := repository.AddKey(context.TODO(), repo, pw, repo.Key())
+	id, err := repository.AddKey(gopts.ctx, repo, pw, repo.Key())
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Fatalf("creating new key failed: %v\n", err)
 	}
 
 	h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.KeyFile, Name: repo.KeyName()}
-	err = repo.Backend().Remove(context.TODO(), h)
+	err = repo.Backend().Remove(gopts.ctx, h)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ func runKey(gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		return deleteKey(repo, id)
+		return deleteKey(gopts.ctx, repo, id)
 	case "passwd":
 		lock, err := lockRepoExclusive(repo)
 		defer unlockRepo(lock)

cmd/restic/cmd_list.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ func runList(opts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	case "locks":
 		t = restic.LockFile
 	case "blobs":
-		idx, err := index.Load(context.TODO(), repo, nil)
+		idx, err := index.Load(opts.ctx, repo, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ func runList(opts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		return errors.Fatal("invalid type")
 	}
 
-	for id := range repo.List(context.TODO(), t) {
+	for id := range repo.List(opts.ctx, t) {
 		Printf("%s\n", id)
 	}
 

cmd/restic/cmd_ls.go

@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ func init() {
 	flags.StringArrayVar(&lsOptions.Paths, "path", nil, "only consider snapshots which include this (absolute) `path`, when no snapshot ID is given")
 }
 
-func printTree(repo *repository.Repository, id *restic.ID, prefix string) error {
-	tree, err := repo.LoadTree(context.TODO(), *id)
+func printTree(ctx context.Context, repo *repository.Repository, id *restic.ID, prefix string) error {
+	tree, err := repo.LoadTree(ctx, *id)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func printTree(repo *repository.Repository, id *restic.ID, prefix string) error
 		Printf("%s\n", formatNode(prefix, entry, lsOptions.ListLong))
 
 		if entry.Type == "dir" && entry.Subtree != nil {
-			if err = printTree(repo, entry.Subtree, filepath.Join(prefix, entry.Name)); err != nil {
+			if err = printTree(ctx, repo, entry.Subtree, filepath.Join(prefix, entry.Name)); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func runLs(opts LsOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO()); err != nil {
+	if err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func runLs(opts LsOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	for sn := range FindFilteredSnapshots(ctx, repo, opts.Host, opts.Tags, opts.Paths, args) {
 		Verbosef("snapshot %s of %v at %s):\n", sn.ID().Str(), sn.Paths, sn.Time)
 
-		if err = printTree(repo, sn.Tree, string(filepath.Separator)); err != nil {
+		if err = printTree(gopts.ctx, repo, sn.Tree, string(filepath.Separator)); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}

cmd/restic/cmd_manpage.go

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"os"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
-)
-
-var cmdManpage = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "manpage [command]",
-	Short: "Generate manual pages",
-	Long: `
-The "manpage" command generates a manual page for a single command. It can also
-be used to write all manual pages to a directory. If the output directory is
-set and no command is specified, all manpages are written to the directory.
-`,
-	DisableAutoGenTag: true,
-	RunE:              runManpage,
-}
-
-var manpageOpts = struct {
-	OutputDir string
-}{}
-
-func init() {
-	cmdRoot.AddCommand(cmdManpage)
-	fs := cmdManpage.Flags()
-	fs.StringVar(&manpageOpts.OutputDir, "output-dir", "", "write man pages to this `directory`")
-}
-
-func runManpage(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	// use a fixed date for the man pages so that generating them is deterministic
-	date, err := time.Parse("Jan 2006", "Jan 2017")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	header := &doc.GenManHeader{
-		Title:   "restic backup",
-		Section: "1",
-		Source:  "generated by `restic manpage`",
-		Date:    &date,
-	}
-
-	dir := manpageOpts.OutputDir
-	if dir != "" {
-		Verbosef("writing man pages to directory %v\n", dir)
-		return doc.GenManTree(cmdRoot, header, dir)
-	}
-
-	switch {
-	case len(args) == 0:
-		return errors.Fatalf("no command given")
-	case len(args) > 1:
-		return errors.Fatalf("more than one command given: %v", args)
-	}
-
-	name := args[0]
-
-	for _, cmd := range cmdRoot.Commands() {
-		if cmd.Name() == name {
-			return doc.GenMan(cmd, header, os.Stdout)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return errors.Fatalf("command %q is not known", args)
-}

cmd/restic/cmd_mount.go

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"os"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -67,7 +66,13 @@ func mount(opts MountOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, mountpoint string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = repo.LoadIndex(context.TODO())
+	lock, err := lockRepo(repo)
+	defer unlockRepo(lock)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = repo.LoadIndex(gopts.ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -108,7 +113,7 @@ func mount(opts MountOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, mountpoint string) error {
 		Tags:        opts.Tags,
 		Paths:       opts.Paths,
 	}
-	root, err := fuse.NewRoot(context.TODO(), repo, cfg)
+	root, err := fuse.NewRoot(gopts.ctx, repo, cfg)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cmd/restic/cmd_prune.go

@@ -85,6 +85,25 @@ func runPrune(gopts GlobalOptions) error {
 	return pruneRepository(gopts, repo)
 }
 
+func mixedBlobs(list []restic.Blob) bool {
+	var tree, data bool
+
+	for _, pb := range list {
+		switch pb.Type {
+		case restic.TreeBlob:
+			tree = true
+		case restic.DataBlob:
+			data = true
+		}
+
+		if tree && data {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
 func pruneRepository(gopts GlobalOptions, repo restic.Repository) error {
 	ctx := gopts.ctx
 
@@ -122,7 +141,7 @@ func pruneRepository(gopts GlobalOptions, repo restic.Repository) error {
 		stats.bytes += pack.Size
 		blobs += len(pack.Entries)
 	}
-	Verbosef("repository contains %v packs (%v blobs) with %v bytes\n",
+	Verbosef("repository contains %v packs (%v blobs) with %v\n",
 		len(idx.Packs), blobs, formatBytes(uint64(stats.bytes)))
 
 	blobCount := make(map[restic.BlobHandle]int)
@@ -191,6 +210,11 @@ func pruneRepository(gopts GlobalOptions, repo restic.Repository) error {
 	// find packs that need a rewrite
 	rewritePacks := restic.NewIDSet()
 	for _, pack := range idx.Packs {
+		if mixedBlobs(pack.Entries) {
+			rewritePacks.Insert(pack.ID)
+			continue
+		}
+
 		for _, blob := range pack.Entries {
 			h := restic.BlobHandle{ID: blob.ID, Type: blob.Type}
 			if !usedBlobs.Has(h) {

cmd/restic/cmd_rebuild_index.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package main
 import (
 	"context"
 
+	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors"
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/index"
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic"
 
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ func rebuildIndex(ctx context.Context, repo restic.Repository, ignorePacks resti
 
 	id, err := idx.Save(ctx, repo, supersedes)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return errors.Fatalf("unable to save index, last error was: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	Verbosef("saved new index as %v\n", id.Str())

cmd/restic/cmd_snapshots.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"sort"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ type SnapshotOptions struct {
 	Tags    restic.TagLists
 	Paths   []string
 	Compact bool
+	Last    bool
 }
 
 var snapshotOptions SnapshotOptions
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ func init() {
 	f.Var(&snapshotOptions.Tags, "tag", "only consider snapshots which include this `taglist` (can be specified multiple times)")
 	f.StringArrayVar(&snapshotOptions.Paths, "path", nil, "only consider snapshots for this `path` (can be specified multiple times)")
 	f.BoolVarP(&snapshotOptions.Compact, "compact", "c", false, "use compact format")
+	f.BoolVar(&snapshotOptions.Last, "last", false, "only show the last snapshot for each host and path")
 }
 
 func runSnapshots(opts SnapshotOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
@@ -64,6 +67,11 @@ func runSnapshots(opts SnapshotOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) erro
 	for sn := range FindFilteredSnapshots(ctx, repo, opts.Host, opts.Tags, opts.Paths, args) {
 		list = append(list, sn)
 	}
+
+	if opts.Last {
+		list = FilterLastSnapshots(list)
+	}
+
 	sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(list))
 
 	if gopts.JSON {
@@ -78,9 +86,50 @@ func runSnapshots(opts SnapshotOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) erro
 	return nil
 }
 
+// filterLastSnapshotsKey is used by FilterLastSnapshots.
+type filterLastSnapshotsKey struct {
+	Hostname    string
+	JoinedPaths string
+}
+
+// newFilterLastSnapshotsKey initializes a filterLastSnapshotsKey from a Snapshot
+func newFilterLastSnapshotsKey(sn *restic.Snapshot) filterLastSnapshotsKey {
+	// Shallow slice copy
+	var paths = make([]string, len(sn.Paths))
+	copy(paths, sn.Paths)
+	sort.Strings(paths)
+	return filterLastSnapshotsKey{sn.Hostname, strings.Join(paths, "|")}
+}
+
+// FilterLastSnapshots filters a list of snapshots to only return the last
+// entry for each hostname and path. If the snapshot contains multiple paths,
+// they will be joined and treated as one item.
+func FilterLastSnapshots(list restic.Snapshots) restic.Snapshots {
+	// Sort the snapshots so that the newer ones are listed first
+	sort.SliceStable(list, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return list[i].Time.After(list[j].Time)
+	})
+
+	var results restic.Snapshots
+	seen := make(map[filterLastSnapshotsKey]bool)
+	for _, sn := range list {
+		key := newFilterLastSnapshotsKey(sn)
+		if !seen[key] {
+			seen[key] = true
+			results = append(results, sn)
+		}
+	}
+	return results
+}
+
 // PrintSnapshots prints a text table of the snapshots in list to stdout.
 func PrintSnapshots(stdout io.Writer, list restic.Snapshots, compact bool) {
 
+	// always sort the snapshots so that the newer ones are listed last
+	sort.SliceStable(list, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return list[i].Time.Before(list[j].Time)
+	})
+
 	// Determine the max widths for host and tag.
 	maxHost, maxTag := 10, 6
 	for _, sn := range list {
@@ -158,6 +207,8 @@ func PrintSnapshots(stdout io.Writer, list restic.Snapshots, compact bool) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	tab.Footer = fmt.Sprintf("%d snapshots", len(list))
+
 	tab.Write(stdout)
 }
 
@@ -165,7 +216,8 @@ func PrintSnapshots(stdout io.Writer, list restic.Snapshots, compact bool) {
 type Snapshot struct {
 	*restic.Snapshot
 
-	ID *restic.ID `json:"id"`
+	ID      *restic.ID `json:"id"`
+	ShortID string     `json:"short_id"`
 }
 
 // printSnapshotsJSON writes the JSON representation of list to stdout.
@@ -178,6 +230,7 @@ func printSnapshotsJSON(stdout io.Writer, list restic.Snapshots) error {
 		k := Snapshot{
 			Snapshot: sn,
 			ID:       sn.ID(),
+			ShortID:  sn.ID().Str(),
 		}
 		snapshots = append(snapshots, k)
 	}

cmd/restic/cmd_tag.go

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func init() {
 	tagFlags.StringArrayVar(&tagOptions.Paths, "path", nil, "only consider snapshots which include this (absolute) `path`, when no snapshot-ID is given")
 }
 
-func changeTags(repo *repository.Repository, sn *restic.Snapshot, setTags, addTags, removeTags []string) (bool, error) {
+func changeTags(ctx context.Context, repo *repository.Repository, sn *restic.Snapshot, setTags, addTags, removeTags []string) (bool, error) {
 	var changed bool
 
 	if len(setTags) != 0 {
@@ -77,20 +77,20 @@ func changeTags(repo *repository.Repository, sn *restic.Snapshot, setTags, addTa
 		}
 
 		// Save the new snapshot.
-		id, err := repo.SaveJSONUnpacked(context.TODO(), restic.SnapshotFile, sn)
+		id, err := repo.SaveJSONUnpacked(ctx, restic.SnapshotFile, sn)
 		if err != nil {
 			return false, err
 		}
 
 		debug.Log("new snapshot saved as %v", id.Str())
 
-		if err = repo.Flush(); err != nil {
+		if err = repo.Flush(ctx); err != nil {
 			return false, err
 		}
 
 		// Remove the old snapshot.
 		h := restic.Handle{Type: restic.SnapshotFile, Name: sn.ID().String()}
-		if err = repo.Backend().Remove(context.TODO(), h); err != nil {
+		if err = repo.Backend().Remove(ctx, h); err != nil {
 			return false, err
 		}
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func runTag(opts TagOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	}
 
 	if !gopts.NoLock {
-		Verbosef("Create exclusive lock for repository\n")
+		Verbosef("create exclusive lock for repository\n")
 		lock, err := lockRepoExclusive(repo)
 		defer unlockRepo(lock)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func runTag(opts TagOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(gopts.ctx)
 	defer cancel()
 	for sn := range FindFilteredSnapshots(ctx, repo, opts.Host, opts.Tags, opts.Paths, args) {
-		changed, err := changeTags(repo, sn, opts.SetTags, opts.AddTags, opts.RemoveTags)
+		changed, err := changeTags(ctx, repo, sn, opts.SetTags, opts.AddTags, opts.RemoveTags)
 		if err != nil {
 			Warnf("unable to modify the tags for snapshot ID %q, ignoring: %v\n", sn.ID(), err)
 			continue
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@ func runTag(opts TagOptions, gopts GlobalOptions, args []string) error {
 		}
 	}
 	if changeCnt == 0 {
-		Verbosef("No snapshots were modified\n")
+		Verbosef("no snapshots were modified\n")
 	} else {
-		Verbosef("Modified tags on %v snapshots\n", changeCnt)
+		Verbosef("modified tags on %v snapshots\n", changeCnt)
 	}
 	return nil
 }