Add an error_handler parameter to to_msgpack

The MessagePack spec allows ill-formed UTF-8 in a str, so the default stays keep (also if JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8 is enabled), but decoders such as msgpack-python reject it by default. With the parameter, strict catches such strings and replace/ignore sanitize them, the same way as for the other binary writers and dump(). Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
Merge #5741 and make keep the default error_handler of the binary writers
2026-10-02 12:40:32 +00:00 · 2026-10-02 09:02:34 +02:00 · 2026-10-02 08:48:59 +02:00 · 2026-10-02 08:45:32 +02:00 · 2026-10-01 08:43:15 +02:00 · 2026-10-01 07:59:14 +02:00
537 changed files with 4041 additions and 25462 deletions
@@ -84,10 +84,6 @@ Checks: '*,
 CheckOptions:
  - key: hicpp-special-member-functions.AllowSoleDefaultDtor
    value: 1
  # clang-tidy 22.1 extended this check to classes and enums; the test files
  # define many such helper types at namespace scope, which is harmless
  - key: misc-use-internal-linkage.AnalyzeTypes
    value: false
 WarningsAsErrors: '*'
@@ -142,16 +142,6 @@ The documentation will then be available at <http://127.0.0.1:8000/>. See the do
 [mkdocs](https://www.mkdocs.org) and [Material for MkDocs](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/) for more
 information.
 Before opening a pull request, check the documentation like the CI does:
 ```shell
 make build -C docs/mkdocs          # strict build: fails on broken links, anchors, and structure problems
 make check_mermaid -C docs/mkdocs  # checks the Mermaid diagrams (requires Node.js)
 ```
 A new API page also needs an entry in [`docs/docset/docSet.sql`](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/blob/develop/docs/docset/docSet.sql),
 the search index of the docset; `make build` reports missing entries.
 ### Amalgamate the source code
 The single-header files
@@ -18,17 +18,6 @@ updates:
    cooldown:
      default-days: 7
  - package-ecosystem: npm
    directory: /docs/mkdocs/scripts/mermaid
    schedule:
      interval: daily
    cooldown:
      default-days: 7
    ignore:
      # Material for MkDocs loads mermaid@11; keep the checker on the same major version
      - dependency-name: mermaid
        update-types: ["version-update:semver-major"]
  - package-ecosystem: pip
    directory: /tools/astyle
    schedule:
@@ -45,23 +45,6 @@ labels:
 - label: "aspect: binary formats"
  title: "(?i)(bson|cbor|msgpack|messagepack|ubjson|bjdata|bon8|binary format)"
 - label: "aspect: json_view"
  files:
    - "include/nlohmann/json_view\\.hpp"
    - "include/nlohmann/detail/view/.*"
    - "single_include/nlohmann/json_view\\.hpp"
    - "tests/src/unit-json_view.*"
    - "tests/src/fuzzer-parse_json_view\\.cpp"
    - "tools/amalgamate/config_json_view\\.json"
    - "docs/mkdocs/docs/features/json_view\\.md"
    - "docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_(document|view)/.*"
    - "docs/mkdocs/docs/api/(ordered_)?json_(document|view)\\.md"
    - "docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/(basic_json_(document|view)__|(ordered_)?json_(document|view)).*"
    - "tests/benchmarks/src/benchmarks_view\\.cpp"
 - label: "aspect: json_view"
  title: "(?i)(json_view|json_document|zero-copy)"
 - label: "python"
  files:
    - "\\.py$"
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
 name: "Cancel runs of closed pull requests"
 # The concurrency groups of the other workflows cancel superseded runs when a
 # pull request gets new commits, but nothing stops the runs of its last commit
 # once the pull request is merged or closed. They then keep the runners busy
 # for hours while the queue of the open pull requests waits.
 #
 # pull_request_target is needed to get a token that can cancel runs for pull
 # requests from forks. This is safe because the workflow never checks out or
 # runs code from the pull request; it only calls the API.
 on:
  pull_request_target:
    types: [closed]
 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true
 permissions:
  contents: read
 jobs:
  cancel:
    permissions:
      actions: write
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
        uses: step-security/harden-runner@e14015d583714f6e62063499dc959a02595150a1 # v2.21.1
        with:
          egress-policy: audit
      - name: Cancel unfinished runs of the pull request's head commit
        env:
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          GH_REPO: ${{ github.repository }}
          HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
          SELF: ${{ github.run_id }}
        # only runs triggered by the pull request: when a branch is pushed to
        # develop directly, its push runs share the head commit
        run: |
          gh api --paginate "repos/$GH_REPO/actions/runs?head_sha=$HEAD_SHA&per_page=100" \
            --jq ".workflow_runs[]
                  | select(.status != \"completed\" and .id != $SELF)
                  | select(.event == \"pull_request\" or .event == \"pull_request_target\")
                  | \"\(.id) \(.name)\"" |
          while read -r id name; do
            echo "Cancelling run $id ($name)"
            # a run may finish between listing and cancelling; that is not an error
            gh run cancel "$id" || true
          done
@@ -2,23 +2,16 @@ name: "Check amalgamation"
 on:
  pull_request:
  # also check develop itself: a PR can be merged before its own run of this
  # workflow completes (e.g. while it is still queued), leaving single_include
  # stale on develop without any failing check
  push:
    branches:
      - develop
 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
 permissions:
  contents: read
 jobs:
  save:
    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
@@ -50,11 +43,11 @@ jobs:
        with:
          egress-policy: audit
-      - name: Checkout pull request or pushed commit
+      - name: Checkout pull request
        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          path: main
-          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Checkout tools
@@ -118,15 +111,12 @@ jobs:
          python3 $TOOL_DIR/amalgamate.py -c $TOOL_DIR/config_json.json -s .
          python3 $TOOL_DIR/amalgamate.py -c $TOOL_DIR/config_json_fwd.json -s .
          cp include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp $INCLUDE_DIR/json_literals.hpp
          # the configuration of json_view.hpp comes with the pull request until
          # it is on develop; the tool itself is still develop's
          python3 $TOOL_DIR/amalgamate.py -c $MAIN_DIR/tools/amalgamate/config_json_view.json -s .
          # the header list of the Bazel "json" target must match the files in include/
          cmake -P cmake/scripts/gen_bazel_build_file.cmake
          ${{ github.workspace }}/venv/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=none --quiet \
-            $INCLUDE_DIR/json.hpp $INCLUDE_DIR/json_fwd.hpp $INCLUDE_DIR/json_view.hpp
+            $INCLUDE_DIR/json.hpp $INCLUDE_DIR/json_fwd.hpp
          # fail loudly if a directory is renamed or removed: find would only warn
          # about the missing path and silently drop its files from the check
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
 name: Check documentation links
 # check the links of the documentation weekly; external links break without any change in this repository
 on:
  schedule:
    - cron: '17 4 * * 1'
  workflow_dispatch:
 permissions:
  contents: read
 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
  cancel-in-progress: true
 jobs:
  check_docs_links:
    if: github.repository == 'nlohmann/json'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 30
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
        uses: step-security/harden-runner@e14015d583714f6e62063499dc959a02595150a1 # v2.21.1
        with:
          egress-policy: audit
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Install virtual environment
        run: make install_venv -C docs/mkdocs
      - name: Check links
        shell: bash  # adds -o pipefail, so tee does not hide the exit code
        run: make link_check -C docs/mkdocs 2>&1 | tee link_check.log
      - name: Summarize broken links
        if: failure()
        run: |
          {
            echo '### Broken documentation links'
            echo '```'
            grep 'invalid url' link_check.log || true
            echo '```'
          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
@@ -38,14 +38,14 @@ jobs:
    # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
    - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@2892aa5e19bbd11bc0cff5427e3b750a04d9e3c2 # v4.38.2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@1c5b675653bb5c22dbe9b12b556ec555138e09fd # v4.38.1
      with:
        languages: c-cpp
    # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
    # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
    - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@2892aa5e19bbd11bc0cff5427e3b750a04d9e3c2 # v4.38.2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@1c5b675653bb5c22dbe9b12b556ec555138e09fd # v4.38.1
    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@2892aa5e19bbd11bc0cff5427e3b750a04d9e3c2 # v4.38.2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@1c5b675653bb5c22dbe9b12b556ec555138e09fd # v4.38.1
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
  comment:
-    # push runs on develop have no PR to comment on (and no "pr" artifact)
+    if: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'failure' }}
    if: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'failure' && github.event.workflow_run.event == 'pull_request' }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
@@ -47,6 +47,6 @@ jobs:
          output: 'flawfinder_results.sarif'
      - name: Upload analysis results to GitHub Security tab
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@2892aa5e19bbd11bc0cff5427e3b750a04d9e3c2 # v4.38.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@1c5b675653bb5c22dbe9b12b556ec555138e09fd # v4.38.1
        with:
          sarif_file: ${{github.workspace}}/flawfinder_results.sarif
@@ -43,9 +43,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          persist-credentials: false
          # the git-revision-date-localized plugin needs the history for correct "last update" dates and so the
          # strict build does not fail on a shallow clone
          fetch-depth: 0
      - name: Install virtual environment
        run: make install_venv -C docs/mkdocs
@@ -80,6 +80,6 @@ jobs:
      # Upload the results to GitHub's code scanning dashboard.
      - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@2892aa5e19bbd11bc0cff5427e3b750a04d9e3c2 # v4.38.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@1c5b675653bb5c22dbe9b12b556ec555138e09fd # v4.38.1
        with:
          sarif_file: results.sarif
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
      # Upload SARIF file generated in previous step
      - name: Upload SARIF file
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@2892aa5e19bbd11bc0cff5427e3b750a04d9e3c2 # v4.38.2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@1c5b675653bb5c22dbe9b12b556ec555138e09fd # v4.38.1
        with:
          sarif_file: semgrep.sarif
        if: always()
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        target: [ci_test_examples, ci_test_build_documentation, ci_test_documentation_mermaid]
+        target: [ci_test_examples, ci_test_build_documentation]
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
        uses: step-security/harden-runner@e14015d583714f6e62063499dc959a02595150a1 # v2.21.1
@@ -410,12 +410,6 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          persist-credentials: false
          # the git-revision-date-localized plugin needs the history; a shallow clone makes the strict build fail
          fetch-depth: ${{ matrix.target == 'ci_test_build_documentation' && '0' || '1' }}
      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
        if: matrix.target == 'ci_test_documentation_mermaid'
        with:
          node-version: 24
      - name: Run CMake
        run: cmake -S . -B build -DJSON_CI=On
      - name: Build
@@ -28,8 +28,6 @@
 /docs/docset/docSet.dsidx
 /docs/mkdocs/.cache/
 /docs/mkdocs/docs/__pycache__/
 /docs/mkdocs/hooks/__pycache__/
 /docs/mkdocs/scripts/mermaid/node_modules/
 /docs/mkdocs/site/
 /docs/mkdocs/venv/
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ cc_library(
    hdrs = [
        "include/nlohmann/adl_serializer.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/byte_container_with_subtype.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/abi_config.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/bit_ops.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp",
@@ -66,26 +65,9 @@ cc_library(
        "include/nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/string_utils.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/builder.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/document_data.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/errors.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/input.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/iterator.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/lookup.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/macro_scope.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/macro_unscope.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/materialize.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/node.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/number.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/pointer.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/scan.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/serializer.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/string_ref.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/value.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/ordered_map.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/thirdparty/hedley/hedley.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/thirdparty/hedley/hedley_undef.hpp",
@@ -98,7 +80,6 @@ cc_library(
    name = "singleheader-json",
    hdrs = [
        "single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp",
        "single_include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp",
    ],
    includes = ["single_include"],
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ option(JSON_Install                        "Install CMake targets during install
 option(JSON_MultipleHeaders                "Use non-amalgamated version of the library." ON)
 option(JSON_SystemInclude                  "Include as system headers (skip for clang-tidy)." OFF)
 option(JSON_StrictNulHandling              "Build with strict NUL-byte handling enabled." OFF)
 option(JSON_StrictBinaryUTF8               "Build with UTF-8 checks in the CBOR, UBJSON, BJData, and BSON writers enabled." OFF)
 if (JSON_CI)
    include(ci)
@@ -118,6 +119,10 @@ if (JSON_StrictNulHandling)
    message(STATUS "Strict NUL-byte handling enabled (JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING=1)")
 endif()
 if (JSON_StrictBinaryUTF8)
    message(STATUS "Strict UTF-8 checks in binary writers enabled (JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8=1)")
 endif()
 if (JSON_Diagnostic_Positions)
    message(STATUS "Diagnostic positions enabled (JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS=1)")
 endif()
@@ -153,6 +158,7 @@ target_compile_definitions(
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_Diagnostic_Positions}>:JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS=1>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison}>:JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON=1>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_StrictNulHandling}>:JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING=1>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_StrictBinaryUTF8}>:JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8=1>
 )
 target_include_directories(
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ AMALGAMATED_FILE=single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp
 AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE=single_include/nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp
 # json_literals.hpp only includes <nlohmann/json.hpp>, so it is copied verbatim
 AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE=single_include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp
 AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE=single_include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp
 # the header with the argument-counting macros generated by tools/macro_builder
 MACRO_SCOPE_HPP=include/nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ MACRO_SCOPE_HPP=include/nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp
 # main target
 all:
-	@echo "amalgamate - amalgamate files single_include/nlohmann/json{,_fwd,_literals,_view}.hpp from the include/nlohmann sources"
+	@echo "amalgamate - amalgamate files single_include/nlohmann/json{,_fwd,_literals}.hpp from the include/nlohmann sources"
 	@echo "BUILD.bazel - regenerate the Bazel BUILD file from the include/nlohmann sources"
 	@echo "ChangeLog.md - generate ChangeLog file"
 	@echo "check-amalgamation - check whether sources have been amalgamated and BUILD.bazel is up to date"
@@ -88,10 +87,10 @@ install_astyle:
 # call the Artistic Style pretty printer on all source files
 pretty: install_astyle
-	$(ASTYLE) --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc $(SRCS) $(TESTS_SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE) docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.hpp
+	$(ASTYLE) --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc $(SRCS) $(TESTS_SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.hpp
 # create single header files and pretty print
-amalgamate: $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)
+amalgamate: $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)
 	$(MAKE) pretty
 # call the amalgamation tool for json.hpp
@@ -106,9 +105,6 @@ $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE): $(SRCS)
 $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE): include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp
 	cp include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)
 # call the amalgamation tool for json_view.hpp (keeps including json.hpp)
 $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE): $(SRCS)
 	tools/amalgamate/amalgamate.py -c tools/amalgamate/config_json_view.json -s . --verbose=yes
 # regenerate nlohmann_json.natvis from the ABI tags and version in include/nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp
 natvis:
 	python3 tools/generate_natvis/generate_natvis.py .
@@ -133,16 +129,13 @@ check-amalgamation:
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)~
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)~
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)~
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)~
 	@$(MAKE) amalgamate
 	@diff $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  Amalgamation required! Please read the contribution guidelines\n  in file .github/CONTRIBUTING.md.\n===================================================================" ; mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) ; false)
 	@diff $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  Amalgamation required! Please read the contribution guidelines\n  in file .github/CONTRIBUTING.md.\n===================================================================" ; mv $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) ; false)
 	@diff $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  Amalgamation required! Please read the contribution guidelines\n  in file .github/CONTRIBUTING.md.\n===================================================================" ; mv $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) ; false)
 	@diff $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  Amalgamation required! Please read the contribution guidelines\n  in file .github/CONTRIBUTING.md.\n===================================================================" ; mv $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE) ; false)
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)~ $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)
 	@mv BUILD.bazel BUILD.bazel~
 	@$(MAKE) BUILD.bazel
 	@diff BUILD.bazel BUILD.bazel~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  BUILD.bazel is out of date! Please run 'make BUILD.bazel'.\n===================================================================" ; mv BUILD.bazel~ BUILD.bazel ; false)
@@ -188,7 +181,7 @@ json.tar.xz:
 # We use `-X` to make the resulting ZIP file reproducible, see
 # <https://content.pivotal.io/blog/barriers-to-deterministic-reproducible-zip-files>.
 include.zip: BUILD.bazel
-	zip -9 --recurse-paths -X include.zip $(SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE) BUILD.bazel MODULE.bazel meson.build LICENSE.MIT
+	zip -9 --recurse-paths -X include.zip $(SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) BUILD.bazel MODULE.bazel meson.build LICENSE.MIT
 # Create the files for a release and add signatures and hashes.
 release: include.zip json.tar.xz
@@ -198,13 +191,11 @@ release: include.zip json.tar.xz
 	gpg --armor --detach-sig $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)
 	gpg --armor --detach-sig $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)
 	gpg --armor --detach-sig $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)
 	gpg --armor --detach-sig $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE)
 	gpg --armor --detach-sig json.tar.xz
 	cp $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) release_files
 	cp $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) release_files
 	cp $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) release_files
-	cp $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE) release_files
+	mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE).asc json.tar.xz json.tar.xz.asc include.zip include.zip.asc release_files
 	mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_VIEW_FILE).asc json.tar.xz json.tar.xz.asc include.zip include.zip.asc release_files
 	cd release_files ; shasum -a 256 $$(find . -type f -not -name '*.asc' | sed 's|^\./||' | sort) > hashes.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 [![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-mkdocs-blue.svg)](https://json.nlohmann.me)
 [![GitHub license](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg)](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nlohmann/json/develop/LICENSE.MIT)
 [![GitHub Releases](https://img.shields.io/github/release/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/releases)
 [![Packaging status](https://repology.org/badge/tiny-repos/nlohmann-json.svg)](https://repology.org/project/nlohmann-json/versions)
 [![GitHub Downloads](https://img.shields.io/github/downloads/nlohmann/json/total)](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/releases)
 [![GitHub Issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues)
 [![Average time to resolve an issue](https://isitmaintained.com/badge/resolution/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://isitmaintained.com/project/nlohmann/json "Average time to resolve an issue")
@@ -1187,14 +1188,6 @@ binary.set_subtype(0x10);
 auto cbor = json::to_msgpack(j); // 0xD5 (fixext2), 0x10, 0xCA, 0xFE
 ```
 ### Zero-copy views
 Header `<nlohmann/json_view.hpp>` adds `json_document`/`json_view`, a read-only, non-owning way to look at a parsed
 JSON text: parsing builds a flat index (16 bytes per value) instead of a tree, strings and numbers stay in the source
 text, and `materialize()` builds a `json` value for a subtree only when you actually need one. See
 [Zero-copy JSON views](https://json.nlohmann.me/features/json_view/) for the details, including which inputs are
 borrowed and which are copied.
 ## Customers
 The library is used in multiple projects, applications, operating systems, etc. The list below is not exhaustive, but the result of an internet search. If you know further customers of the library, please let me know, see [contact](#contact).
@@ -1401,8 +1394,7 @@ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR I
 - The class contains a slightly modified version of the Grisu2 algorithm from Florian Loitsch which is licensed under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (see above). Copyright &copy; 2009 [Florian Loitsch](https://florian.loitsch.com/)
 - The class contains a copy of [Hedley](https://nemequ.github.io/hedley/) from Evan Nemerson which is licensed as [CC0-1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).
 - The class contains parts of [Google Abseil](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp) which is licensed under the [Apache 2.0 License](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0).
- The class contains an adapted version of the Eisel-Lemire algorithm, its table of powers of five, and its digit comparison for long numbers from [fast_float](https://github.com/fastfloat/fast_float) by Daniel Lemire and contributors, which is available under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (used here), the Apache 2.0 License, and the Boost Software License. Copyright &copy; 2021 The fast_float authors
+- The class contains an adapted version of the Eisel-Lemire algorithm and its table of powers of five from [fast_float](https://github.com/fastfloat/fast_float) by Daniel Lemire and contributors, which is available under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (used here), the Apache 2.0 License, and the Boost Software License. Copyright &copy; 2021 The fast_float authors
 - The view's parser (`<nlohmann/json_view.hpp>`) contains techniques and code adapted from [yyjson](https://github.com/ibireme/yyjson) by YaoYuan, which is licensed under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (see above): table-driven decoding of `\u` escapes and fixed-offset unrolled checks.
 <img align="right" src="https://git.fsfe.org/reuse/reuse-ci/raw/branch/master/reuse-horizontal.png" alt="REUSE Software">
@@ -396,11 +396,10 @@ list(FILTER INDENT_FILES EXCLUDE REGEX "/tests/thirdparty/|/tests/abi/include/nl
 set(include_dir ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/single_include/nlohmann)
 set(tool_dir ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tools/amalgamate)
 add_custom_target(ci_test_amalgamation
-    COMMAND rm -fr ${include_dir}/json.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_view.hpp~
+    COMMAND rm -fr ${include_dir}/json.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json.hpp ${include_dir}/json.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json_view.hpp ${include_dir}/json_view.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel~
    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -mvenv venv_astyle
@@ -410,14 +409,12 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_amalgamation
    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} ${tool_dir}/amalgamate.py -c ${tool_dir}/config_json.json -s .
    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} ${tool_dir}/amalgamate.py -c ${tool_dir}/config_json_fwd.json -s .
    COMMAND cp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp
-    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} ${tool_dir}/amalgamate.py -c ${tool_dir}/config_json_view.json -s .
+    COMMAND venv_astyle/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=none ${include_dir}/json.hpp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp
    COMMAND venv_astyle/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=none ${include_dir}/json.hpp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp ${include_dir}/json_view.hpp
    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -P ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/scripts/gen_bazel_build_file.cmake
    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json.hpp
    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp
    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp
    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json_view.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_view.hpp
    COMMAND diff ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel~ ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel
    COMMAND venv_astyle/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=orig ${INDENT_FILES}
@@ -599,12 +596,7 @@ foreach(SRC_FILE ${SRC_FILES})
    add_executable(single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/src_single/${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE}.cpp)
    target_include_directories(single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PRIVATE ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
    target_compile_features(single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
-    if(RELATIVE_SRC_FILE STREQUAL "json")
+    set_property(TARGET single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PROPERTY CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE "${iwyu_path_and_options}")
        # see below: report json.hpp's diagnostics without --error, so they do not fail the build
        set_property(TARGET single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PROPERTY CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE ${IWYU_TOOL} -Xiwyu --max_line_length=300)
    else()
        set_property(TARGET single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PROPERTY CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE "${iwyu_path_and_options}")
    endif()
    # remember binary for ci_single_binaries
    list(APPEND single_binaries single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE})
    # json.hpp pulls together the whole library behind heavily templated, SFINAE-based code, and
@@ -666,19 +658,14 @@ function(ci_get_cmake version var)
            OUTPUT ${${var}}
            COMMAND wget -nc https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${version}/cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
            COMMAND wget -nc https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${version}/cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt
-            # verify the archive against Kitware's published SHA-256 sums before unpacking it; old
+            # verify the archive against Kitware's published SHA-256 sums before unpacking it
-            # releases list the archive as "Linux-x86_64", so match case-insensitively and rewrite
+            COMMAND sh -c "grep ' cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64[.]tar[.]gz$' cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt | sha256sum -c -"
-            # the name to the lowercase one the download was saved under
+            COMMAND tar xfz cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
            COMMAND sh -c "grep -i ' cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64[.]tar[.]gz$' cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt | tr L l | sha256sum -c -"
            # unpack into cmake-${version} directly, as the archive's top-level directory is spelled
            # "Linux" in old releases and "linux" in newer ones
            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E rm -rf cmake-${version}
            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory cmake-${version}
            COMMAND tar xfz cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C cmake-${version} --strip-components=1
            COMMAND rm cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt
            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E rm -rf cmake-${version}
            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E rename cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64 cmake-${version}
            WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
            COMMENT "Download prebuilt CMake ${version}"
            VERBATIM
        )
    else()
        # no prebuilt archive for this platform (e.g. macOS or Linux aarch64): build from source
@@ -704,7 +691,7 @@ ci_get_cmake(4.0.0  CMAKE_4_0_0_BINARY)
 # the tests require CMake 3.13 or later, so they are excluded for CMake 3.5.0
 set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_5_0 JSON_Diagnostics JSON_Diagnostic_Positions JSON_GlobalUDLs JSON_ImplicitConversions JSON_DisableEnumSerialization
    JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison JSON_Install JSON_MultipleHeaders JSON_SystemInclude JSON_Valgrind
-    JSON_StrictNulHandling)
+    JSON_StrictNulHandling JSON_StrictBinaryUTF8)
 set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_31_6 JSON_BuildTests ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_5_0})
 set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_4_0_0 JSON_BuildTests ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_5_0})
@@ -904,12 +891,6 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_build_documentation
    COMMENT "Build the documentation"
 )
 add_custom_target(ci_test_documentation_mermaid
    COMMAND make check_mermaid
    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/mkdocs
    COMMENT "Check the Mermaid diagrams of the documentation"
 )
 ###############################################################################
 # Clean up all generated files.
 ###############################################################################
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wenum-conversion
    -Wexceptions
    -Wexpansion-to-defined
    -Wexperimental-fmv-target
    -Wexpose-global-module-tu-local
    -Wexternal-tu-local
    -Wextra
@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ cc_library(
    name = "singleheader-json",
    hdrs = [
        "single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp",
        "single_include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp",
    ],
    includes = ["single_include"],
    visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
@@ -46,10 +46,9 @@ create_output: $(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.output)
 # check output of all stand-alone example files
 check_output: $(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.test)
-# check output of all stand-alone example files (exclude files whose output depends on the platform by nature:
+# check output of all stand-alone example files (exclude files with platform-dependent output.)
 # library and compiler information, container size limits, and hash values)
 # This target is used in the CI (ci_test_documentation).
-check_output_portable: $(filter-out mkdocs/docs/examples/meta.test mkdocs/docs/examples/max_size.test mkdocs/docs/examples/std_hash.test,$(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.test))
+check_output_portable: $(filter-out mkdocs/docs/examples/meta.test mkdocs/docs/examples/max_size.test mkdocs/docs/examples/std_hash.test mkdocs/docs/examples/basic_json__CompatibleType.test,$(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.test))
 clean:
 	rm -fr $(EXAMPLES:.cpp=)
@@ -10,12 +10,9 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype',
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::byte_container_with_subtype', 'Constructor', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::clear_subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/clear_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::has_subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/has_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::operator!=', 'Operator', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/operator_ne/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::operator==', 'Operator', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/operator_eq/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::set_subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/set_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json', 'Class', 'api/basic_json/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('format_as', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/format_as/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::accept', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/accept/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::array', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/array/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::array_t', 'Type', 'api/basic_json/array_t/index.html');
@@ -131,80 +128,19 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::to_ubjson', 'Func
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::value', 'Method', 'api/basic_json/value/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::value_t', 'Enum', 'api/basic_json/value_t/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::~basic_json', 'Method', 'api/basic_json/~basic_json/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document', 'Class', 'api/basic_json_document/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::basic_json_document', 'Constructor', 'api/basic_json_document/basic_json_document/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::accept', 'Function', 'api/basic_json_document/accept/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::is_discarded', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/is_discarded/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::memory_usage', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/memory_usage/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::node_count', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/node_count/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::owns_source', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/owns_source/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::parse', 'Function', 'api/basic_json_document/parse/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::parse_copy', 'Function', 'api/basic_json_document/parse_copy/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::read', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/read/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::root', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/root/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::shrink_to_fit', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/shrink_to_fit/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_document::source', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_document/source/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view', 'Class', 'api/basic_json_view/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::basic_json_view', 'Constructor', 'api/basic_json_view/basic_json_view/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::at', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/at/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::back', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/back/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::begin', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/begin/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::cbegin', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/cbegin/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::cend', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/cend/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::contains', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/contains/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::count', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/count/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::dump', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/dump/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::empty', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/empty/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::end', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/end/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::find', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/find/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::front', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::get', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/get/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::get_string', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/get_string/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::get_to', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/get_to/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_array', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_array/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_binary', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_binary/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_boolean', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_boolean/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_discarded', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_discarded/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_null', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_null/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_number', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_number/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_number_float', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_number_float/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_number_integer', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_number_integer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_number_unsigned', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_number_unsigned/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_object', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_object/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_primitive', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_primitive/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_string', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_string/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::is_structured', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/is_structured/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::items', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/items/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::materialize', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/materialize/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::number_format', 'Enum', 'api/basic_json_view/number_format/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::number_token', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/number_token/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::operator bool', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/operator_bool/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::operator<<', 'Operator', 'api/basic_json_view/operator_ltlt/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::operator[]', 'Operator', 'api/basic_json_view/operator[]/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::size', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/size/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::source_offset', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/source_offset/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::type', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/type/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::type_name', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/type_name/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json_view::value', 'Method', 'api/basic_json_view/value/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json', 'Class', 'api/json/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_document', 'Class', 'api/json_document/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_view', 'Class', 'api/json_view/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer', 'Class', 'api/json_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::back', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/back/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::empty', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/empty/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::front', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::json_pointer', 'Constructor', 'api/json_pointer/json_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator==', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_eq/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator!=', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_ne/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator/', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_slash/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator/=', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_slasheq/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator string_t', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_string_t/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator<=>', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_spaceship/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::parent_pointer', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/parent_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::pop_back', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/pop_back/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::pop_front', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/pop_front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::push_back', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/push_back/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::push_front', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/push_front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::string_t', 'Type', 'api/json_pointer/string_t/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::to_string', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/to_string/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_sax', 'Class', 'api/json_sax/index.html');
@@ -226,10 +162,7 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('operator""_json_pointer', 'Li
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('operator<<', 'Operator', 'api/operator_ltlt/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('operator>>', 'Operator', 'api/operator_gtgt/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('ordered_json', 'Class', 'api/ordered_json/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('ordered_json_document', 'Class', 'api/ordered_json_document/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('ordered_json_view', 'Class', 'api/ordered_json_view/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('ordered_map', 'Class', 'api/ordered_map/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('std::formatter<basic_json>', 'Class', 'api/basic_json/std_formatter/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('std::hash<basic_json>', 'Class', 'api/basic_json/std_hash/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('std::swap<basic_json>', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/std_swap/index.html');
@@ -258,25 +191,21 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Iterators', 'Guide', 'feature
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON Merge Patch', 'Guide', 'features/merge_patch/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON Patch and Diff', 'Guide', 'features/json_patch/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON Pointer', 'Guide', 'features/json_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Zero-copy JSON views', 'Guide', 'features/json_view/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('nlohmann Namespace', 'Guide', 'features/namespace/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Types', 'Guide', 'features/types/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Types: Number Handling', 'Guide', 'features/types/number_handling/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Object Order', 'Guide', 'features/object_order/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Performance', 'Guide', 'features/performance/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: JSON Lines', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/json_lines/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: Parser Callbacks', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/parser_callbacks/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: Parsing and Exceptions', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/parse_exceptions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: SAX Interface', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/sax_interface/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: Untrusted Input', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/untrusted_input/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Runtime Assertions', 'Guide', 'features/assertions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Specializing enum conversion', 'Guide', 'features/enum_conversion/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Supported Macros', 'Guide', 'features/macros/index.html');
 -- Macros
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_ASSERT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_assert/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_brace_init_copy_semantics/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_CATCH_USER', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_throw_user/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_DIAGNOSTICS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_diagnostics/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_diagnostic_positions/index.html');
@@ -286,59 +215,34 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_11', 'Macro', 'a
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_14', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_17', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_20', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_23', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_26', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_filesystem/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_filesystem/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_RANGES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_ranges/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_static_rtti/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_STD_FORMAT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_std_format/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_three_way_comparison/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NOEXCEPTION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_noexception/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_no_automatic_udls/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NO_IO', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_no_io/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NO_THREAD_LOCAL', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_no_thread_local/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_PRECISE_STREAM_POSITION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_precise_stream_position/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_SKIP_LIBRARY_VERSION_CHECK', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_skip_library_version_check/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_SKIP_UNSUPPORTED_COMPILER_CHECK', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_skip_unsupported_compiler_check/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_strict_nul_handling/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_THROW_USER', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_throw_user/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_TRY_USER', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_throw_user/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_global_udls/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_implicit_conversions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_legacy_discarded_value_comparison/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_SIMDUTF', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_simdutf/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Macros', 'Macro', 'api/macros/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
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 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
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 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
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 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace_begin/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace_begin/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace_no_version/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_serialize_enum/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_serialize_enum_strict/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_version_major/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_version_major/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_version_major/index.html');
@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
 # The MkDocs 2.0 banners of Material for MkDocs and ProperDocs (via mkdocs-redirects) are printed to stderr, not
 # logged, so they do not affect --strict; silence them anyway.
 export NO_MKDOCS_2_WARNING := true
 export DISABLE_MKDOCS_2_WARNING := true
 # serve the site locally
 serve: style_check
 	venv/bin/mkdocs serve
@@ -13,17 +8,11 @@ serve_dirty: style_check
 # This target is used in the CI (ci_test_build_documentation).
 # This target is used by the docset Makefile.
 build: style_check
-	venv/bin/mkdocs build --strict
+	venv/bin/mkdocs build
 style_check:
 	@cd docs ; ../venv/bin/python3 ../scripts/check_structure.py
 # check that all Mermaid diagrams parse (needs Node.js)
 # This target is used in the CI (ci_test_documentation_mermaid).
 check_mermaid:
 	npm ci --prefix scripts/mermaid --ignore-scripts --no-audit --no-fund
 	node scripts/mermaid/check_mermaid.mjs docs
 # check the links in the documentation files in docs/mkdocs
 link_check:
 	ENABLED_HTMLPROOFER=true venv/bin/mkdocs build
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: (1) reading from a string"
+??? example
    The example below demonstrates the `accept()` function reading from a string.
@@ -110,21 +110,6 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/accept__string.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: (2) reading from an iterator pair"
    The example below demonstrates the `accept()` function reading from an iterator pair. Only the first call covers
    exactly the JSON text; the second one also covers the trailing bytes and is therefore rejected.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/accept__iterator_pair.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/accept__iterator_pair.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [parse](parse.md) - deserialize from a compatible input
@@ -152,5 +137,3 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters explained
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 With the default values for `ArrayType` (`std::vector`) and `AllocatorType` (`std::allocator`), the default value for
 `array_t` is:
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ std::vector<
 >
 ```
-### Limits
+#### Limits
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ In this class, the array's limit of nesting is not explicitly constrained. Howev
 introduced by the compiler or runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the
 [`max_size`](max_size.md) function of a JSON array.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Arrays are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to array values, a pointer of type
 `#!cpp array_t*` must be dereferenced.
@@ -67,13 +67,6 @@ Arrays are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to
    --8<-- "examples/array_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
 - [binary_t](binary_t.md) the type used to store binary values
 - [is_array](is_array.md) checks whether the JSON value is an array
 - [max_size](max_size.md) returns the maximum possible number of elements
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -92,20 +92,6 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
 3. Logarithmic in the size of the container.
 4. Logarithmic in the size of the container.
 ## Notes
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
    Overload (4) also accepts a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md) whose template argument is a `basic_json`
    specialization (e.g., `nlohmann::json_pointer<nlohmann::json>`) instead of a string type. This is deprecated since
    version 3.11.0 and will be removed in a future major version; use `basic_json::json_pointer` (for `json`,
    `nlohmann::json_pointer<std::string>`) instead.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#json-pointers) for how to update existing code.
 ## Examples
 ??? example "Example: (1) access specified array element with bounds checking"
@@ -233,7 +219,6 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
 - documentation on [checked access](../../features/element_access/checked_access.md)
 - [`operator[]`](operator%5B%5D.md) for unchecked access by reference
 - [`value`](value.md) for access with default value
 - [basic_json_view::at](../basic_json_view/at.md) - the same access on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ Constant.
 ## See also
 - [front](front.md) to access the first element
 - [basic_json_view::back](../basic_json_view/back.md) - the same access on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -99,25 +99,6 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
      elements of the pairs are treated as keys and the second elements are as values.
    3. In all other cases, an array is created.
    The following flowchart also takes into account what happens when `type_deduction` is `#!cpp false`, in which case
    `manual_type` decides between object and array, and an object can only be forced if `init` actually matches rule 2
    (or is empty):
    ```mermaid
    flowchart TD
        A(["initializer_list init"]) --> B{"empty, or every element is a 2-element<br/>array whose first element is a string?"}
        B -->|"yes"| C{"type_deduction"}
        B -->|"no"| D{"type_deduction"}
        C -->|"true"| OBJ["create object"]
        C -->|"false"| E{"manual_type"}
        E -->|"object"| OBJ
        E -->|"array"| ARR["create array"]
        D -->|"true"| ARR
        D -->|"false"| F{"manual_type"}
        F -->|"array"| ARR
        F -->|"object"| ERR["throw type_error.301"]
    ```
    The rules aim to create the best fit between a C++ initializer list and JSON values. The rationale is as follows:
    1. The empty initializer list is written as `#!cpp {}` which is exactly an empty JSON object.
@@ -190,8 +171,8 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
    - `BasicJsonType` has different template arguments than `basic_json_t`.
    **Note:** For cross-`basic_json` conversions to produce correct results, the target `basic_json`'s
-    [`object_t`](object_t.md)`::key_type` and [`string_t`](string_t.md) must be directly constructible from the source
+    `object_t::key_type` and `string_t` must be directly constructible from the source `basic_json`'s
-    `basic_json`'s corresponding types. See the description of overload (4) above for details on what happens when
+    corresponding types. See the description of overload (4) above for details on what happens when
    this requirement is not met.
 `U`:
@@ -366,22 +347,6 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
    Note the output is platform-dependent.
 ??? example "Example: (4) create a JSON value from another `basic_json` specialization"
    The example below shows how a `json` value is converted to an `ordered_json` value and back using the converting
    constructor. Note how the original insertion order of `oj` is not restored, because it was already given up when
    converting to `json`, whose `object_t` sorts by key.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/basic_json__BasicJsonType.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/basic_json__BasicJsonType.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: (5) create a container (array or object) from an initializer list"
    The example below shows how JSON values are created from initializer lists.
@@ -452,15 +417,6 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
    --8<-- "examples/basic_json__moveconstructor.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [array](array.md) create a JSON array value, forcing array creation from an initializer list even when it looks like
  an object
 - [object](object.md) create a JSON object value, forcing object creation from an initializer list
 - [binary](binary.md) create a JSON binary array value
 - [operator=](operator=.md) copy assignment operator
 - [Creating JSON values](../../features/creating_values.md) - the article on creating JSON values
 ## Version history
 1. Since version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,16 +37,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/begin.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [end](end.md) returns an iterator to one past the last element
 - [cbegin](cbegin.md) returns a const iterator to the first element
 - [rbegin](rbegin.md) returns a reverse iterator to the last element
 - [items](items.md) returns an iteration proxy to access keys and values during range-based for loops
 - [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
 - [basic_json_view::begin](../basic_json_view/begin.md) - the same iteration on a zero-copy view (in document order,
  not sorted by key)
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ static basic_json binary(typename binary_t::container_type&& init);
 // (2)
 static basic_json binary(const typename binary_t::container_type& init,
-                         typename binary_t::subtype_type subtype);
+                         std::uint8_t subtype);
 static basic_json binary(typename binary_t::container_type&& init,
-                         typename binary_t::subtype_type subtype);
+                         std::uint8_t subtype);
 ```
 1. Creates a JSON binary array value from a given binary container.
@@ -61,15 +61,6 @@ initialization of a binary array type, for backwards compatibility and so it doe
    --8<-- "examples/binary.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [binary_t](binary_t.md) type for binary values
 - [get_binary](get_binary.md) get a reference to the stored binary value
 - [is_binary](is_binary.md) return whether the value is binary
 - [byte_container_with_subtype](../byte_container_with_subtype/index.md) container for binary values with subtype
 - [Binary Values](../../features/binary_values.md) - the article on binary values
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.8.0.
 - Changed the type of `subtype` from `std::uint8_t` to `binary_t::subtype_type` (`std::uint64_t`) in version 3.10.0.
@@ -48,16 +48,16 @@ represent a byte array in modern C++.
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 The default values for `BinaryType` is `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>`.
-### Supported byte types
+#### Supported byte types
 `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>`, `#!cpp std::vector<char>`, and `#!cpp std::vector<std::byte>` are supported.
 Regardless of which of them is configured, [`dump`](dump.md) writes the bytes as the numbers 0..255.
-### Custom BinaryType behavior
+#### Custom BinaryType behavior
 When a custom `BinaryType` is configured (other than the default `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>`), you can assign
 values of that type directly to a `basic_json` instance, and they will automatically be recognized as binary values
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ assert(extracted == data);
 This automatic type detection is a convenience feature that only applies to custom (non-default) `BinaryType` configurations.
 The default `nlohmann::json` continues to treat `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>` as arrays for backward compatibility.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Binary Arrays are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to array values, a pointer of the
 type `#!cpp binary_t*` must be dereferenced.
-### Notes on subtypes
+#### Notes on subtypes
 - CBOR
    - Binary values are represented as byte strings. Subtypes are written as tags.
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ To store boolean values in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter  `Bo
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 With the default values for `BooleanType` (`#!cpp bool`), the default value for `boolean_t` is `#!cpp bool`.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Boolean values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
@@ -45,10 +45,6 @@ Boolean values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/boolean_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [is_boolean](is_boolean.md) checks whether the JSON value is a boolean
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -36,14 +36,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/cbegin.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [begin](begin.md) returns an iterator to the first element
 - [cend](cend.md) returns a const iterator to one past the last element
 - [crbegin](crbegin.md) returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
 - [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
 - [basic_json_view::cbegin](../basic_json_view/cbegin.md) - the same iteration on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -38,12 +38,6 @@ store
    --8<-- "examples/cbor_tag_handler_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [from_cbor](from_cbor.md) deserializes a JSON value from CBOR
 - [input_format_t](input_format_t.md) the enumeration of supported input formats
 - [CBOR](../../features/binary_formats/cbor.md) - the article on the CBOR format
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.9.0. Added value `store` in 3.10.0.
@@ -36,14 +36,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/cend.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [end](end.md) returns an iterator to one past the last element
 - [cbegin](cbegin.md) returns a const iterator to the first element
 - [crend](crend.md) returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first element
 - [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
 - [basic_json_view::cend](../basic_json_view/cend.md) - the same iteration on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -52,11 +52,6 @@ All iterators, pointers, and references related to this container are invalidate
    --8<-- "examples/clear.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [erase](erase.md) removes elements from a JSON value
 - [empty](empty.md) checks whether the JSON value has no elements
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -67,18 +67,6 @@ Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.
    If `#!cpp j.contains(x)` returns `#!c true` for a key or JSON pointer `x`, then it is safe to call `j[x]`.
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
    Overload (3) also accepts a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md) whose template argument is a `basic_json`
    specialization (e.g., `nlohmann::json_pointer<nlohmann::json>`) instead of a string type. This is deprecated since
    version 3.11.0 and will be removed in a future major version; use `basic_json::json_pointer` (for `json`,
    `nlohmann::json_pointer<std::string>`) instead.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#json-pointers) for how to update existing code.
 ## Examples
 ??? example "Example: (1) check with key"
@@ -127,7 +115,6 @@ Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.
 - [find](find.md) find a value in an object
 - [count](count.md) returns the number of occurrences of a key
 - [basic_json_view::contains](../basic_json_view/contains.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.
 - [find](find.md) find a value in an object
 - [contains](contains.md) checks whether a key exists
 - [basic_json_view::count](../basic_json_view/count.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -36,13 +36,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/crbegin.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [crend](crend.md) returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first element
 - [rbegin](rbegin.md) returns a reverse iterator to the last element
 - [cbegin](cbegin.md) returns a const iterator to the first element
 - [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,13 +37,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/crend.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [crbegin](crbegin.md) returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
 - [rend](rend.md) returns a reverse iterator to one before the first element
 - [cend](cend.md) returns a const iterator to one past the last element
 - [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -30,11 +30,6 @@ The actual comparator used depends on [`object_t`](object_t.md) and can be obtai
    --8<-- "examples/default_object_comparator_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [object_comparator_t](object_comparator_t.md) the comparator actually used by `object_t`
 - [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.11.0.
@@ -25,10 +25,12 @@ and `ensure_ascii` parameters.
    result consists of ASCII characters only.
 `error_handler` (in)
-:   how to react on decoding errors; there are three possible values (see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md):
+:   how to react on decoding errors; there are four possible values (see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md):
    `strict` (throws an exception in case a decoding error occurs; default), `replace` (replace invalid UTF-8 sequences
-    with U+FFFD), and `ignore` (ignore invalid UTF-8 sequences during serialization; all valid bytes are copied to the
+    with U+FFFD), `ignore` (ignore invalid UTF-8 sequences during serialization; all valid bytes are copied to the
-    output unchanged, and invalid bytes are dropped)).
+    output unchanged, and invalid bytes are dropped), and `keep` (write the ill-formed bytes to the output as is,
    without escaping them, even if `ensure_ascii` is `#!cpp true`; the result is then not valid UTF-8, but equals the
    input bytes exactly, and well-formed characters around the ill-formed bytes are still escaped as usual)).
 ## Return value
@@ -86,8 +88,6 @@ Binary values are serialized as an object containing two keys:
 - [to_string](to_string.md) returns a string representation of a JSON value
 - [operator<<](../operator_ltlt.md) serialize to stream
 - [`basic_json_view::dump`](../basic_json_view/dump.md) the corresponding function of `basic_json_view`, serializing
  directly from a flat index without building a `basic_json` value
 - [Serialization](../../features/serialization.md) - the serialization article
 ## Version history
@@ -96,3 +96,4 @@ Binary values are serialized as an object containing two keys:
 - Indentation character `indent_char`, option `ensure_ascii` and exceptions added in version 3.0.0.
 - Error handlers added in version 3.4.0.
 - Serialization of binary values added in version 3.8.0.
 - Error handler `keep` added in version 3.13.0.
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ a `#!cpp bool` denoting whether the insertion took place.
 ## Exception safety
-Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
+Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
 value is converted to an empty object before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element throws.
 ## Exceptions
@@ -28,11 +28,6 @@ iterator is invalidated.
 reference to the inserted element
 ## Exception safety
 Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
 value is converted to an empty array before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element throws.
 ## Exceptions
 Throws [`type_error.311`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptiontype_error311) when called on a type other than JSON
@@ -60,12 +60,6 @@ itself is empty which is `#!cpp false` in the case of a string.
    --8<-- "examples/empty.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [size](size.md) returns the number of elements
 - [clear](clear.md) clears the content and resets the value to the default value
 - [basic_json_view::empty](../basic_json_view/empty.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,14 +37,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/end.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [begin](begin.md) returns an iterator to the first element
 - [cend](cend.md) returns a const iterator to one past the last element
 - [rend](rend.md) returns a reverse iterator to one before the first element
 - [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
 - [basic_json_view::end](../basic_json_view/end.md) - the same iteration on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -4,15 +4,31 @@
 enum class error_handler_t {
    strict,
    replace,
-    ignore
+    ignore,
    keep
 };
 ```
-This enumeration is used in the [`dump`](dump.md) function to choose how to treat decoding errors while serializing a
+This enumeration is used to choose how to treat ill-formed UTF-8 in a string value or object key:
-`basic_json` value. Three values are differentiated:
+
 - [`dump`](dump.md) uses it while serializing a `basic_json` value to text.
 - [`to_cbor`](to_cbor.md), [`to_msgpack`](to_msgpack.md), [`to_ubjson`](to_ubjson.md), [`to_bjdata`](to_bjdata.md),
  and [`to_bson`](to_bson.md) use it while serializing a `basic_json` value to that binary format. Their default is
  `keep`, as no binary writer checked before this parameter was added. CBOR, UBJSON, BJData, and BSON require valid
  UTF-8, so for these four the default is `strict` if [`JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8`](../macros/json_strict_binary_utf8.md)
  is enabled; MessagePack's specification explicitly allows a string to contain ill-formed UTF-8, so `to_msgpack`
  stays at `keep`. `to_bon8` does not take this parameter: BON8 always validates, since UTF-8 lead bytes are
  structural to that format.
 - [`from_cbor`](from_cbor.md), [`from_msgpack`](from_msgpack.md), [`from_ubjson`](from_ubjson.md),
  [`from_bjdata`](from_bjdata.md), and [`from_bson`](from_bson.md) use it while parsing that binary format, to decide
  whether to check a string value or object key for well-formed UTF-8 at all; by default (`keep`) they do not, as no
  binary reader did before this parameter was added. `from_bon8` does not take this parameter, for the same reason
  `to_bon8` does not.
 Four values are differentiated:
 strict
-:   throw a `type_error` exception in case of invalid UTF-8
+:   throw a `type_error`/`parse_error` exception in case of invalid UTF-8
 replace
 :   replace invalid UTF-8 sequences with U+FFFD (� REPLACEMENT CHARACTER)
@@ -20,6 +36,12 @@ replace
 ignore
 :   ignore invalid UTF-8 sequences; all valid bytes are copied to the output unchanged, and invalid bytes are dropped
 keep
 :   keep invalid UTF-8 sequences unchanged; only meaningful for the binary formats mentioned above, since [`dump`]
    (dump.md) itself must produce text, and `keep` there writes the ill-formed bytes to the output as is, so the
    result is then not valid UTF-8 (but still equals the input bytes exactly, including around any well-formed
    characters, which are still escaped as usual)
 ## Examples
 ??? example
@@ -37,11 +59,8 @@ ignore
    --8<-- "examples/error_handler_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [dump](dump.md) serializes a JSON value, with an `error_handler_t` parameter to configure invalid UTF-8 handling
 - [Handling invalid UTF-8](../../features/serialization.md#handling-invalid-utf-8) - the article on handling invalid UTF-8
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.4.0.
 - Added `keep`, and made this enumeration apply to the binary readers and writers in addition to `dump`, in version
  3.13.0.
@@ -84,7 +84,6 @@ Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.
 - [count](count.md) returns the number of occurrences of a key
 - [contains](contains.md) checks whether a key exists
 - [basic_json_view::find](../basic_json_view/find.md) - the same lookup on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Empty objects and arrays are flattened to `#!json null` and will not be reconstr
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: flatten a JSON object"
+??? example
    The following code shows how a JSON object is flattened to an object whose keys consist of JSON pointers.
@@ -41,21 +41,6 @@ Empty objects and arrays are flattened to `#!json null` and will not be reconstr
    --8<-- "examples/flatten.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: empty objects and arrays are flattened to `#!json null`"
    The following code shows that an empty object and an empty array are both flattened to `#!json null`, and that
    `unflatten()` restores them as `#!json null` rather than as empty containers.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/flatten__empty.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/flatten__empty.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [unflatten](unflatten.md) the reverse function
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
 template<typename InputType>
 static basic_json from_bjdata(InputType&& i,
                              const bool strict = true,
-                              const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                              const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                              const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 // (2)
 template<typename IteratorType, typename SentinelType = IteratorType>
 static basic_json from_bjdata(IteratorType first, SentinelType last,
                              const bool strict = true,
-                              const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                              const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                              const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 ```
 Deserializes a given input to a JSON value using the BJData (Binary JData) serialization format.
@@ -58,6 +60,12 @@ The exact mapping and its limitations are described on a [dedicated page](../../
 `allow_exceptions` (in)
 :   whether to throw exceptions in case of a parse error (optional, `#!cpp true` by default)
 `error_handler` (in)
 :   how to treat a string value or object key that is not valid UTF-8; see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md).
    BJData does not require a decoder to reject ill-formed UTF-8, so checking is opt-in: the default, `keep`, does not
    check at all, as every binary reader did before this parameter was added; `strict` checks and throws;
    `replace`/`ignore` sanitize the string the same way [`dump`](dump.md) would
 ## Return value
 deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, the return value will be
@@ -73,7 +81,7 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
  the end of the file was not reached when `strict` was set to true
 - Throws [parse_error.112](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error112) if a parse error occurs
 - Throws [parse_error.113](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a string could not be parsed
-  successfully
+  successfully, or if a string value or object key is not valid UTF-8 and `error_handler` is `strict`
 - Throws [out_of_range.408](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range408) if the size of an optimized container
  or n-dimensional array cannot be represented by `std::size_t`
@@ -111,3 +119,4 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
 - Added in version 3.11.0.
 - Extended container support (1) to include types with lvalue-only ADL `begin`/`end` (matching `std::begin`/`std::end` semantics) in version 3.13.0.
 - Extended overload (2) to accept heterogeneous iterator+sentinel pairs (C++20 ranges support) in version 3.13.0.
 - Added `error_handler` parameter in version 3.13.0.
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
 template<typename InputType>
 static basic_json from_bson(InputType&& i,
                            const bool strict = true,
-                            const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                            const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 // (2)
 template<typename IteratorType, typename SentinelType = IteratorType>
 static basic_json from_bson(IteratorType first, SentinelType last,
                            const bool strict = true,
-                            const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                            const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 ```
 Deserializes a given input to a JSON value using the BSON (Binary JSON) serialization format.
@@ -58,6 +60,12 @@ The exact mapping and its limitations are described on a [dedicated page](../../
 `allow_exceptions` (in)
 :   whether to throw exceptions in case of a parse error (optional, `#!cpp true` by default)
 `error_handler` (in)
 :   how to treat a string value or object key that is not valid UTF-8; see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md).
    BSON does not require a decoder to reject ill-formed UTF-8, so checking is opt-in: the default, `keep`, does not
    check at all, as every binary reader did before this parameter was added; `strict` checks and throws;
    `replace`/`ignore` sanitize the string the same way [`dump`](dump.md) would
 ## Return value
 deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, the return value will be
@@ -75,6 +83,8 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
  invalid string or byte array length)
 - Throws [`parse_error.114`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error114) if an unsupported BSON record type is
  encountered
 - Throws [`parse_error.113`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a string value or object key is
  not valid UTF-8 and `error_handler` is `strict`
 ## Complexity
@@ -111,6 +121,7 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
 - Added in version 3.4.0.
 - Extended container support (1) to include types with lvalue-only ADL `begin`/`end` (matching `std::begin`/`std::end` semantics) in version 3.13.0.
 - Extended overload (2) to accept heterogeneous iterator+sentinel pairs (C++20 ranges support) in version 3.13.0.
 - Added `error_handler` parameter in version 3.13.0.
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
@@ -123,5 +134,3 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -6,14 +6,16 @@ template<typename InputType>
 static basic_json from_cbor(InputType&& i,
                            const bool strict = true,
                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
-                            const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error);
+                            const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error,
                            const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 // (2)
 template<typename IteratorType, typename SentinelType = IteratorType>
 static basic_json from_cbor(IteratorType first, SentinelType last,
                            const bool strict = true,
                            const bool allow_exceptions = true,
-                            const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error);
+                            const cbor_tag_handler_t tag_handler = cbor_tag_handler_t::error,
                            const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 ```
 Deserializes a given input to a JSON value using the CBOR (Concise Binary Object Representation) serialization format.
@@ -65,6 +67,12 @@ The exact mapping and its limitations are described on a [dedicated page](../../
 :   how to treat CBOR tags (optional, `error` by default); see [`cbor_tag_handler_t`](cbor_tag_handler_t.md) for more
    information
 `error_handler` (in)
 :   how to treat a string value or object key that is not valid UTF-8; see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md).
    CBOR does not require a decoder to reject ill-formed UTF-8, so checking is opt-in: the default, `keep`, does not
    check at all, as every binary reader did before this parameter was added; `strict` checks and throws;
    `replace`/`ignore` sanitize the string the same way [`dump`](dump.md) would
 ## Return value
 deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, the return value will be
@@ -80,8 +88,9 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
  the end of the file was not reached when `strict` was set to true
 - Throws [parse_error.112](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error112) if unsupported features from CBOR were
  used in the given input or if the input is not valid CBOR
- Throws [parse_error.113](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a map key is not a string (keys of other
+- Throws [parse_error.113](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a map key is not a string (keys of
-  types are not supported, as JSON object keys are always strings) or a string is malformed
+  other types are not supported, as JSON object keys are always strings), or if a string value or object key is not
  valid UTF-8 and `error_handler` is `strict`
 ## Complexity
@@ -121,6 +130,7 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
 - Added `tag_handler` parameter in version 3.9.0.
 - Extended container support (1) to include types with lvalue-only ADL `begin`/`end` (matching `std::begin`/`std::end` semantics) in version 3.13.0.
 - Extended overload (2) to accept heterogeneous iterator+sentinel pairs (C++20 ranges support) in version 3.13.0.
 - Added `error_handler` parameter in version 3.13.0.
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
@@ -133,5 +143,3 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
 template<typename InputType>
 static basic_json from_msgpack(InputType&& i,
                               const bool strict = true,
-                               const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                               const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                               const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 // (2)
 template<typename IteratorType, typename SentinelType = IteratorType>
 static basic_json from_msgpack(IteratorType first, SentinelType last,
                               const bool strict = true,
-                               const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                               const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                               const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 ```
 Deserializes a given input to a JSON value using the MessagePack serialization format.
@@ -58,6 +60,12 @@ The exact mapping and its limitations are described on a [dedicated page](../../
 `allow_exceptions` (in)
 :   whether to throw exceptions in case of a parse error (optional, `#!cpp true` by default)
 `error_handler` (in)
 :   how to treat a string value or object key that is not valid UTF-8; see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md).
    MessagePack's specification explicitly allows ill-formed UTF-8, so checking is opt-in: the default, `keep`, does
    not check at all, as every binary reader did before this parameter was added; `strict` checks and throws;
    `replace`/`ignore` sanitize the string the same way [`dump`](dump.md) would
 ## Return value
 deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, the return value will be
@@ -73,8 +81,9 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
  the end of the file was not reached when `strict` was set to true
 - Throws [parse_error.112](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error112) if unsupported features from
  MessagePack were used in the given input or if the input is not valid MessagePack
- Throws [parse_error.113](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a map key is not a string (keys of other
+- Throws [parse_error.113](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a map key is not a string (keys of
-  types are not supported, as JSON object keys are always strings) or a string is malformed
+  other types are not supported, as JSON object keys are always strings), or if a string value or object key is not
  valid UTF-8 and `error_handler` is `strict`
 ## Complexity
@@ -113,6 +122,7 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
 - Added `allow_exceptions` parameter in version 3.2.0.
 - Extended container support (1) to include types with lvalue-only ADL `begin`/`end` (matching `std::begin`/`std::end` semantics) in version 3.13.0.
 - Extended overload (2) to accept heterogeneous iterator+sentinel pairs (C++20 ranges support) in version 3.13.0.
 - Added `error_handler` parameter in version 3.13.0.
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
@@ -125,5 +135,3 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
 template<typename InputType>
 static basic_json from_ubjson(InputType&& i,
                              const bool strict = true,
-                              const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                              const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                              const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 // (2)
 template<typename IteratorType, typename SentinelType = IteratorType>
 static basic_json from_ubjson(IteratorType first, SentinelType last,
                              const bool strict = true,
-                              const bool allow_exceptions = true);
+                              const bool allow_exceptions = true,
                              const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep);
 ```
 Deserializes a given input to a JSON value using the UBJSON (Universal Binary JSON) serialization format.
@@ -58,6 +60,12 @@ The exact mapping and its limitations are described on a [dedicated page](../../
 `allow_exceptions` (in)
 :   whether to throw exceptions in case of a parse error (optional, `#!cpp true` by default)
 `error_handler` (in)
 :   how to treat a string value or object key that is not valid UTF-8; see [`error_handler_t`](error_handler_t.md).
    UBJSON does not require a decoder to reject ill-formed UTF-8, so checking is opt-in: the default, `keep`, does not
    check at all, as every binary reader did before this parameter was added; `strict` checks and throws;
    `replace`/`ignore` sanitize the string the same way [`dump`](dump.md) would
 ## Return value
 deserialized JSON value; in case of a parse error and `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, the return value will be
@@ -73,7 +81,7 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
  the end of the file was not reached when `strict` was set to true
 - Throws [parse_error.112](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error112) if a parse error occurs
 - Throws [parse_error.113](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error113) if a string could not be parsed
-  successfully
+  successfully, or if a string value or object key is not valid UTF-8 and `error_handler` is `strict`
 - Throws [out_of_range.408](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range408) if the size of an optimized container
  or n-dimensional array cannot be represented by `std::size_t`
@@ -112,6 +120,7 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
 - Added `allow_exceptions` parameter in version 3.2.0.
 - Extended container support (1) to include types with lvalue-only ADL `begin`/`end` (matching `std::begin`/`std::end` semantics) in version 3.13.0.
 - Extended overload (2) to accept heterogeneous iterator+sentinel pairs (C++20 ranges support) in version 3.13.0.
 - Added `error_handler` parameter in version 3.13.0.
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
@@ -124,5 +133,3 @@ Linear in the size of the input.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ Constant.
 ## See also
 - [back](back.md) to access the last element
 - [basic_json_view::front](../basic_json_view/front.md) - the same access on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ BasicJsonType get() const;
 // (3)
 template<typename PointerType>
-PointerType get() noexcept;
+PointerType get_ptr();
 template<typename PointerType>
-const PointerType get() const noexcept;  // constexpr since C++14
+constexpr const PointerType get_ptr() const noexcept;
 ```
 1. Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value which is
   [CopyConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/CopyConstructible) and
   [DefaultConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/DefaultConstructible). The value is converted by
-   calling the [`json_serializer<ValueType>`](json_serializer.md) `from_json()` method.
+   calling the `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method.
    The function is equivalent to executing
    ```cpp
@@ -84,12 +84,6 @@ const PointerType get() const noexcept;  // constexpr since C++14
 3. pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested pointer type fits to the JSON value; `#!cpp nullptr`
   otherwise
 ## Exception safety
 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws for overloads (1) and (2); the JSON value
 itself is never modified, since `get()` is a `#!cpp const` member function. No-throw guarantee for overload (3): this
 function never throws exceptions.
 ## Exceptions
 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws
@@ -129,13 +123,13 @@ overload (3).
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: (1) explicit conversion to compatible types"
+??? example
    The example below shows several conversions from JSON values
    to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can
    be converted to integers, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
    `std::vector<short>`, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++
-    associative containers such as `std::map<std::string, json>`.
+    associative containers such as `std::unordered_map<std::string, json>`.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/get__ValueType_const.cpp"
@@ -147,21 +141,7 @@ overload (3).
    --8<-- "examples/get__ValueType_const.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (2) explicit conversion to another `basic_json` specialization"
+??? example
    The example below shows how a `json` value is converted to an `ordered_json` value using `get<BasicJsonType>()`.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/get__BasicJsonType.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/get__BasicJsonType.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: (3) explicit pointer access to the stored value"
    The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a JSON value can be requested. Note that no type
    conversions are made and a `#cpp nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not match.
@@ -183,8 +163,6 @@ overload (3).
 - [get_ref](get_ref.md) get a reference to the stored value
 - [operator ValueType](operator_ValueType.md) get a value via implicit conversion
 - [Converting values](../../features/conversions.md) - the type conversions article
 - [basic_json_view::get](../basic_json_view/get.md) - the same conversion on a zero-copy view (many types are
  converted without ever building a `basic_json` value)
 ## Version history
@@ -10,14 +10,6 @@ Returns the allocator associated with the container.
 associated allocator
 ## Exception safety
 Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
 ## Complexity
 Constant.
 ## Examples
 ??? example
@@ -34,11 +26,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/get_allocator.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [basic_json](index.md#template-parameters) the class template, with `AllocatorType` as one of its template parameters
 - [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/template_parameters.md#allocatortype) - the requirements for `AllocatorType`
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -61,8 +61,6 @@ Constant.
 ## See also
 - [get_ptr()](get_ptr.md) get a pointer value
 - [basic_json_view::get_string](../basic_json_view/get_string.md) - the closest counterpart on a zero-copy view: a
  string without a copy, but as a view rather than a reference to a value that must already exist
 ## Version history
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ValueType& get_to(ValueType& v) const noexcept(
 ```
 Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value. The value is filled into the input parameter by
-calling the [`json_serializer<ValueType>`](json_serializer.md) `from_json()` method.
+calling the `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method.
 The function is equivalent to executing
 ```cpp
@@ -34,11 +34,6 @@ the compiler reports that no matching `get_to` was found.
 the input parameter, allowing chaining calls
 ## Exception safety
 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws; the JSON value itself is never modified,
 since `get_to()` is a `#!cpp const` member function.
 ## Exceptions
 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws
@@ -54,7 +49,7 @@ Depends on the `json_serializer<ValueType>::from_json()` implementation.
    The example below shows several conversions from JSON values to other types. There a few things to note: (1)
    Floating-point numbers can be converted to integers, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
    `#!cpp std::vector<short>`, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++ associative containers such as
-    `#!cpp std::map<std::string, json>`.
+    `#cpp std::unordered_map<std::string, json>`.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/get_to.cpp"
@@ -72,7 +67,6 @@ Depends on the `json_serializer<ValueType>::from_json()` implementation.
 - [get_ref](get_ref.md) get a reference to the stored value
 - [get_ptr](get_ptr.md) get a pointer to the stored value
 - [Converting values](../../features/conversions.md) - the type conversions article
 - [basic_json_view::get_to](../basic_json_view/get_to.md) - the same conversion on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -51,11 +51,6 @@ bon8
    --8<-- "examples/sax_parse__binary.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [sax_parse](sax_parse.md) generic SAX parse interface, taking an `input_format_t` to select the input format
 - [cbor_tag_handler_t](cbor_tag_handler_t.md) configures how CBOR tags are treated while parsing
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.2.0.
@@ -109,11 +109,11 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
 2. Linear in `cnt` plus linear in the distance between `pos` and end of the container.
 3. Linear in `#!cpp std::distance(first, last)` plus linear in the distance between `pos` and end of the container.
 4. Linear in `ilist.size()` plus linear in the distance between `pos` and end of the container.
-5. `O(N*log(size() + N))`, where `N` is the number of elements to insert.
+5. Logarithmic: `O(N*log(size() + N))`, where `N` is the number of elements to insert.
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: (1) insert element into array"
+??? example "Example (1): insert element into array"
    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (2) insert copies of element into array"
+??? example "Example (2): insert copies of element into array"
    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert__count.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (3) insert a range of elements into an array"
+??? example "Example (3): insert a range of elements into an array"
    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert__range.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (4) insert elements from an initializer list into an array"
+??? example "Example (4): insert elements from an initializer list into an array"
    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert__ilist.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (5) insert a range of elements into an object"
+??? example "Example (5): insert a range of elements into an object"
    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
@@ -34,14 +34,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_array.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [is_object](is_object.md) checks whether the JSON value is an object
 - [is_structured](is_structured.md) checks whether the JSON value is structured (array or object)
 - [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
 - [array_t](array_t.md) the type used to store JSON arrays
 - [basic_json_view::is_array](../basic_json_view/is_array.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -34,13 +34,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_binary.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [is_primitive](is_primitive.md) checks whether the JSON value is primitive
 - [binary_t](binary_t.md) the type used to store binary values
 - [get_binary](get_binary.md) returns a reference to the stored binary value
 - [basic_json_view::is_binary](../basic_json_view/is_binary.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.8.0.
@@ -34,12 +34,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_boolean.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [boolean_t](boolean_t.md) the type used to store JSON booleans
 - [is_primitive](is_primitive.md) checks whether the JSON value is primitive
 - [basic_json_view::is_boolean](../basic_json_view/is_boolean.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ with `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`: a parse error then yields a discar
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: `is_discarded()` for ordinary JSON values"
+??? example
    The following code exemplifies `is_discarded()` for all JSON types.
@@ -69,27 +69,6 @@ with `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`: a parse error then yields a discar
    --8<-- "examples/is_discarded.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: discarded values from parsing"
    The following code shows the two situations in which a discarded value can be observed: parsing invalid JSON with
    `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, and a parser callback that discards the top-level value (which is replaced
    by `#!json null` and therefore does *not* remain discarded).
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/is_discarded__parse.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/is_discarded__parse.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [basic_json_view::is_discarded](../basic_json_view/is_discarded.md) - the corresponding check on a zero-copy view,
  which is `#!cpp true` if the view refers to no value
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -34,14 +34,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_null.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [is_array](is_array.md) checks whether the JSON value is an array
 - [is_object](is_object.md) checks whether the JSON value is an object
 - [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
 - [value_t](value_t.md) the enumeration of JSON types
 - [basic_json_view::is_null](../basic_json_view/is_null.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ constexpr bool is_number() const noexcept
 - [is_number_integer()](is_number_integer.md) check if the value is an integer or unsigned integer number
 - [is_number_unsigned()](is_number_unsigned.md) check if the value is an unsigned integer number
 - [is_number_float()](is_number_float.md) check if the value is a floating-point number
 - [basic_json_view::is_number](../basic_json_view/is_number.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Constant.
 - [is_number()](is_number.md) check if the value is a number
 - [is_number_integer()](is_number_integer.md) check if the value is an integer or unsigned integer number
 - [is_number_unsigned()](is_number_unsigned.md) check if the value is an unsigned integer number
 - [basic_json_view::is_number_float](../basic_json_view/is_number_float.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Constant.
 - [is_number()](is_number.md) check if the value is a number
 - [is_number_unsigned()](is_number_unsigned.md) check if the value is an unsigned integer number
 - [is_number_float()](is_number_float.md) check if the value is a floating-point number
 - [basic_json_view::is_number_integer](../basic_json_view/is_number_integer.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Constant.
 - [is_number()](is_number.md) check if the value is a number
 - [is_number_integer()](is_number_integer.md) check if the value is an integer or unsigned integer number
 - [is_number_float()](is_number_float.md) check if the value is a floating-point number
 - [basic_json_view::is_number_unsigned](../basic_json_view/is_number_unsigned.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -34,14 +34,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_object.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [is_array](is_array.md) checks whether the JSON value is an array
 - [is_structured](is_structured.md) checks whether the JSON value is structured (array or object)
 - [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
 - [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
 - [basic_json_view::is_object](../basic_json_view/is_object.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ This library extends primitive types to binary types, because binary types are r
 - [is_boolean()](is_boolean.md) returns whether the JSON value is a boolean
 - [is_number()](is_number.md) returns whether the JSON value is a number
 - [is_binary()](is_binary.md) returns whether the JSON value is a binary array
 - [basic_json_view::is_primitive](../basic_json_view/is_primitive.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -34,13 +34,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_string.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [is_primitive](is_primitive.md) checks whether the JSON value is primitive
 - [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
 - [string_t](string_t.md) the type used to store JSON strings
 - [basic_json_view::is_string](../basic_json_view/is_string.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ Note that though strings are containers in C++, they are treated as primitive va
 - [is_primitive()](is_primitive.md) returns whether JSON value is primitive
 - [is_array()](is_array.md) returns whether the value is an array
 - [is_object()](is_object.md) returns whether the value is an object
 - [basic_json_view::is_structured](../basic_json_view/is_structured.md) - the same check on a zero-copy view
 ## Version history
@@ -99,8 +99,6 @@ When iterating over an array, `key()` will return the index of the element as st
 - [begin](begin.md) returns an iterator to the first element
 - [end](end.md) returns an iterator to one past the last element
 - [basic_json_view::items](../basic_json_view/items.md) - the same range on a zero-copy view (`#!cpp const auto`,
  not `#!cpp const auto&`: items are produced on the fly)
 ## Version history
@@ -116,5 +114,3 @@ When iterating over an array, `key()` will return the index of the element as st
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#miscellaneous-functions) for how to update existing code.
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ Examples of such functionality might be metadata, additional member functions (e
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 The default value for `CustomBaseClass` is `void`. In this case, an
 [empty base class](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/ebo) is used and no additional functionality is injected.
-### Limitations
+#### Limitations
 The type `CustomBaseClass` has to be a default-constructible, non-`final` class.
 `basic_json` only supports copy/move construction/assignment if `CustomBaseClass` does so as well.
@@ -43,10 +43,6 @@ A `CustomBaseClass` with non-static data members forfeits `basic_json`'s
    --8<-- "examples/json_base_class_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/template_parameters.md#custombaseclass) - the requirements for `CustomBaseClass`
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.12.0.
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ using json_serializer = JSONSerializer<T, SFINAE>;
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 The default values for `json_serializer` is [`adl_serializer`](../adl_serializer/index.md).
-### Requirements
+#### Requirements
 A custom serializer must provide `#!cpp static void to_json(basic_json&, T)` for every type it serializes, and either
 `#!cpp static void from_json(const basic_json&, T&)` or `#!cpp static T from_json(const basic_json&)` for every type it
@@ -42,13 +42,6 @@ deserializes. See [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/templat
    --8<-- "examples/from_json__non_default_constructible.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [adl_serializer](../adl_serializer/index.md) the default `json_serializer`
 - [get](get.md) explicit type conversion using the `json_serializer`'s `from_json()` method
 - [get_to](get_to.md) explicit type conversion into a variable using the `json_serializer`'s `from_json()` method
 - [Arbitrary Type Conversions](../../features/arbitrary_types.md) - the article on converting between JSON values and arbitrary types
 ## Version history
 - Since version 2.0.0.
@@ -54,12 +54,6 @@ string elements the JSON value can store which is `1`.
    Note the output is platform-dependent.
 ## See also
 - [size](size.md) returns the number of elements
 - [array_t](array_t.md) the type used to store JSON arrays
 - [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -33,10 +33,6 @@ Thereby, `Target` is the current object; that is, the patch is applied to the cu
 `apply_patch` (in)
 :   the patch to apply
 ## Exception safety
 Basic guarantee: if an exception is thrown during the operation, the JSON value may be partially modified.
 ## Complexity
 Linear in the lengths of `apply_patch`.
@@ -23,28 +23,27 @@ type to use.
 ## Template parameters
 `NumberFloatType`
-:   the type to store floating-point numbers. The parser converts `#!cpp float`, `#!cpp double`, and a
+:   the type to store floating-point numbers. Parsing and serialization are implemented in terms of
-    `#!cpp long double` that is IEEE 754 binary64 itself and other `#!cpp long double` formats with
+    `#!cpp std::strtof`/`#!cpp std::strtod`/`#!cpp std::strtold` and `#!cpp std::snprintf`, so the type must be
-    `#!cpp std::from_chars` or `#!cpp std::strtold`, and serialization falls back to `#!cpp std::snprintf`, so the
+    `#!cpp float`, `#!cpp double`, or `#!cpp long double`. The
    type must be `#!cpp float`, `#!cpp double`, or `#!cpp long double`. The
    [binary formats](../../features/binary_formats/index.md) additionally require `#!cpp float` or `#!cpp double`,
    because they have no encoding for `#!cpp long double`. See
    [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/template_parameters.md#numberfloattype).
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 With the default values for `NumberFloatType` (`double`), the default value for `number_float_t` is `#!cpp double`.
-### Default behavior
+#### Default behavior
 - The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in floating-point literals will
  be ignored. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++ floating-point literal
  `01.2` will be serialized to `1.2`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
 - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`.
-### Limits
+#### Limits
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) states:
 > This specification allows implementations to set limits on the range and precision of numbers accepted. Since software
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ This implementation does exactly follow this approach, as it uses double precisi
 smaller than `-1.79769313486232e+308` and values greater than `1.79769313486232e+308` will be stored as NaN internally
 and be serialized to `null`.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Floating-point number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
@@ -76,13 +75,6 @@ Floating-point number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/number_float_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [number_integer_t](number_integer_t.md) the type used to store JSON integer numbers
 - [number_unsigned_t](number_unsigned_t.md) the type used to store JSON unsigned integer numbers
 - [is_number_float](is_number_float.md) checks whether the JSON value is a floating-point number
 - [Number Handling](../../features/types/number_handling.md) - the article on number handling
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -29,18 +29,18 @@ to use.
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 With the default values for `NumberIntegerType` (`std::int64_t`), the default value for `number_integer_t` is
 `#!cpp std::int64_t`.
-### Default behavior
+#### Default behavior
 - The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in integer literals lead to an
  interpretation as an octal number. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++
  integer literal `010` will be serialized to `8`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
-### Limits
+#### Limits
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers.
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ will automatically be stored as [`number_unsigned_t`](number_unsigned_t.md) or [
 As this range is a subrange of the exactly supported range [INT64_MIN, INT64_MAX], this class's integer type is
 interoperable.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
@@ -77,13 +77,6 @@ Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/number_integer_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [number_unsigned_t](number_unsigned_t.md) the type used to store JSON unsigned integer numbers
 - [number_float_t](number_float_t.md) the type used to store JSON floating-point numbers
 - [is_number_integer](is_number_integer.md) checks whether the JSON value is a signed integer number
 - [Number Handling](../../features/types/number_handling.md) - the article on number handling
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -30,18 +30,18 @@ the type to use.
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 With the default values for `NumberUnsignedType` (`std::uint64_t`), the default value for `number_unsigned_t` is
 `#!cpp std::uint64_t`.
-### Default behavior
+#### Default behavior
 - The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in integer literals lead to an
  interpretation as an octal number. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++
  integer  literal `010` will be serialized to `8`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
-### Limits
+#### Limits
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers.
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ as [`number_integer_t`](number_integer_t.md) or [`number_float_t`](number_float_
 As this range is a subrange (when considered in conjunction with the `number_integer_t` type) of the exactly supported
 range [0, UINT64_MAX], this class's integer type is interoperable.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
@@ -78,13 +78,6 @@ Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/number_unsigned_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [number_integer_t](number_integer_t.md) the type used to store JSON integer numbers
 - [number_float_t](number_float_t.md) the type used to store JSON floating-point numbers
 - [is_number_unsigned](is_number_unsigned.md) checks whether the JSON value is an unsigned integer number
 - [Number Handling](../../features/types/number_handling.md) - the article on number handling
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 2.0.0.
@@ -25,11 +25,6 @@ and [`default_object_comparator_t`](default_object_comparator_t.md) otherwise.
    --8<-- "examples/object_comparator_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
 - [default_object_comparator_t](default_object_comparator_t.md) the fallback comparator used when `object_t` has no `key_compare` member type
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 3.0.0.
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters described
 ## Notes
-### Default type
+#### Default type
 With the default values for `ObjectType` (`std::map`), `StringType` (`std::string`), and `AllocatorType`
 (`std::allocator`), the default value for `object_t` is:
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ std::map<
 See [`default_object_comparator_t`](default_object_comparator_t.md) for more information.
-### Behavior
+#### Behavior
 The choice of `object_t` influences the behavior of the JSON class. With the default type, objects have the following
 behavior:
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ behavior:
  that they will not be affected by these differences. For instance, `#!json {"b": 1, "a": 2}` and
  `#!json {"a": 2, "b": 1}` will be treated as equal.
-### Limits
+#### Limits
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting.
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ In this class, the object's limit of nesting is not explicitly constrained. Howe
 introduced by the compiler or runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the
 [`max_size`](max_size.md) function of a JSON object.
-### Storage
+#### Storage
 Objects are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to object values, a pointer of type
 `object_t*` must be dereferenced.
-### Object key order
+#### Object key order
 The order name/value pairs are added to the object are *not* preserved by the library. Therefore, iterating an object
 may return name/value pairs in a different order than they were originally stored. In fact, keys will be traversed in
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ alphabetical order as `std::map` with `std::less` is used by default. Please not
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259), because any order implements the specified "unordered" nature of JSON
 objects.
-### Cross-`basic_json` conversion requirements
+#### Cross-`basic_json` conversion requirements
 When converting an object from one `basic_json` specialization to another via the
-[converting constructor](basic_json.md) (overload 4), the target `object_t`'s `key_type` must be
+[converting constructor](basic_json.md#overload-4), the target `object_t`'s `key_type` must be
 directly constructible from the source `basic_json`'s `string_t` type (or more generally, from the
 source object's key type). If this requirement is not met, the conversion does not fail; instead,
 the object is silently converted as an array of key-value pairs, which is incorrect. See
@@ -123,13 +123,6 @@ the object is silently converted as an array of key-value pairs, which is incorr
    --8<-- "examples/object_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [array_t](array_t.md) the type used to store JSON arrays
 - [string_t](string_t.md) the type used to store JSON strings
 - [object_comparator_t](object_comparator_t.md) the comparator used to order object keys
 - [Object Order](../../features/object_order.md) - the article on object key ordering
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -48,12 +48,6 @@ invalidates all iterators and all references.
 `#!cpp *this`
 ## Exception safety
 Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
 value is converted to an empty array or object before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element
 throws.
 ## Exceptions
 1. Throws [`type_error.308`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptiontype_error308) when called on a type other than
@@ -136,18 +136,6 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
        while `/foo/one/one/one` creates nested objects. This is not specified by the JSON Pointer RFC; it is
        this library's own, intentional disambiguation rule. See also [JSON Pointer](../../features/json_pointer.md).
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
    Overload (4) also accepts a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md) whose template argument is a `basic_json`
    specialization (e.g., `nlohmann::json_pointer<nlohmann::json>`) instead of a string type. This is deprecated since
    version 3.11.0 and will be removed in a future major version; use `basic_json::json_pointer` (for `json`,
    `nlohmann::json_pointer<std::string>`) instead.
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#json-pointers) for how to update existing code.
 ## Examples
 ??? example "Example: (1) access specified array element"
@@ -269,8 +257,6 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
 - documentation on [runtime assertions](../../features/assertions.md)
 - see [`at`](at.md) for access by reference with range checking
 - see [`value`](value.md) for access with default value
 - [basic_json_view::operator[]](../basic_json_view/operator%5B%5D.md) - the same access on a zero-copy view (always
  returns a discarded view instead of assuming undefined behavior)
 ## Version history
@@ -17,11 +17,6 @@ Implicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value. The call
 copy of the JSON value, converted to `ValueType`
 ## Exception safety
 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws; the JSON value itself is never modified,
 since `#!cpp operator ValueType()` is a `#!cpp const` member function that only calls [`get()`](get.md).
 ## Exceptions
 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws
@@ -61,8 +56,6 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value.
    [`JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS`](../macros/json_use_implicit_conversions.md) to `0` and replace any implicit
    conversions with calls to [`get`](../basic_json/get.md).
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#replace-implicit-conversions) for how to update existing code.
 ## Examples
 ??? example
@@ -70,7 +63,7 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value.
    The example below shows several conversions from JSON values to other types. There are a few things to note: (1)
    Floating-point numbers can be converted to integers, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
    `std::vector<short>`, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++ associative containers such as
-    `std::map<std::string, json>`.
+    `std::unordered_map<std::string, json>`.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/operator__ValueType.cpp"
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Linear.
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: (1) compare JSON values"
+??? example
    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Linear.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__equal.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (2) compare JSON values with `#!cpp nullptr`"
+??? example
    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types against the null pointer (JSON `#!json null`).
@@ -60,16 +60,6 @@ Linear.
    Since C++20 overload resolution will consider the _rewritten candidate_ generated from
    [`operator<=>`](operator_spaceship.md).
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
    If [`JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON`](../macros/json_use_legacy_discarded_value_comparison.md) is
    defined to `1`, the library declares a member `#!cpp bool operator>=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept` in
    C++20 mode to emulate the legacy comparison of discarded values. This member is deprecated since version 3.11.0,
    together with the legacy comparison behavior.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#miscellaneous-functions) for how to update existing
    code.
 ## Examples
 ??? example
@@ -61,16 +61,6 @@ Linear.
    Since C++20 overload resolution will consider the _rewritten candidate_ generated from
    [`operator<=>`](operator_spaceship.md).
 !!! warning "Deprecation"
    If [`JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON`](../macros/json_use_legacy_discarded_value_comparison.md) is
    defined to `1`, the library declares a member `#!cpp bool operator<=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept` in
    C++20 mode to emulate the legacy comparison of discarded values. This member is deprecated since version 3.11.0,
    together with the legacy comparison behavior.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#miscellaneous-functions) for how to update existing
    code.
 ## Examples
 ??? example
@@ -9,9 +9,17 @@ bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept;  // (2)
 template<typename ScalarType>
 bool operator!=(ScalarType lhs, const const_reference rhs) noexcept;  // (2)
 // since C++20
 class basic_json {
    bool operator!=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept;              // (1)
    template<typename ScalarType>
    bool operator!=(ScalarType rhs) const noexcept;                   // (2)
 };
 ```
-1. Compares two JSON values for inequality. Returns `#!cpp !(lhs == rhs)`.
+1. Compares two JSON values for inequality. Returns `#!cpp !(lhs == rhs)` (until C++20) or `#!cpp !(*this == rhs)` (since C++20).
    - This means the comparison is simply the logical negation of `operator==`, including for special values like `NaN` and `discarded`.
 2. Compares a JSON value and a scalar or a scalar and a JSON value for inequality by converting the scalar to a JSON
@@ -44,11 +52,6 @@ Linear.
 ## Notes
 !!! note "C++20"
    Since C++20, `basic_json` declares no `operator!=`. The compiler rewrites `#!cpp a != b` as `#!cpp !(a == b)`
    using [`operator==`](operator_eq.md), so the result is the same as described above.
 !!! note "Comparing `NaN` and `discarded`"
    Since `operator!=` is defined as `!(a == b)`, the behavior for special values follows that of `operator==`:
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ Linear.
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: (1) compare JSON values"
+??? example
    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ Linear.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__notequal.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (2) compare JSON values with `#!cpp nullptr`"
+??? example
    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types against the null pointer (JSON `#!json null`).
@@ -86,15 +89,9 @@ Linear.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__notequal__nullptr_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [operator==](operator_eq.md) comparison: equal
 - [operator<=>](operator_spaceship.md) comparison: 3-way (C++20)
 ## Version history
-1. Added in version 1.0.0. Added a C++20 member function in version 3.11.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove
+1. Added in version 1.0.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove 
-   special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values; `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`. Removed the C++20
+   special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values; `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`.
-   member function in version 3.13.0; since C++20, the compiler rewrites `a != b` using `operator==`.
+2. Added in version 1.0.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove
-2. Added in version 1.0.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values;
+   special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values; `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`.
   `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`. Since C++20, the compiler rewrites `a != b` using `operator==`.
@@ -47,11 +47,6 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__value_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [type](type.md) named member function equivalent to this implicit conversion operator
 - [value_t](value_t.md) the enumeration of JSON types
 ## Version history
 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: (1) parse from a character array"
+??? example "Parsing from a character array"
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from an array.
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__array__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (1) parse from a string"
+??? example "Parsing from a string"
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with and without callback function.
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__string__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (1) parse from an input stream"
+??? example "Parsing from an input stream"
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with and without callback function.
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__istream__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (1) parse from a contiguous container"
+??? example "Parsing from a contiguous container"
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from a contiguous container.
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__contiguouscontainer__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (2) parse from a non-null-terminated string"
+??? example "Parsing from a non-null-terminated string"
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from a string that is not null-terminated.
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__pointers.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: (2) parse from an iterator pair"
+??? example "Parsing from an iterator pair"
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from an iterator pair.
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__iterator_pair.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: effect of `allow_exceptions` parameter"
+??? example "Effect of `allow_exceptions` parameter"
    The example below demonstrates the effect of the `allow_exceptions` parameter in the `parse()` function.
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__allow_exceptions.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: effect of `ignore_comments` parameter"
+??? example "Effect of `ignore_comments` parameter"
    The example below demonstrates the effect of the `ignore_comments` parameter in the `parse()` function.
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/comments.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: effect of `ignore_trailing_commas` parameter"
+??? example "Effect of `ignore_trailing_commas` parameter"
    The example below demonstrates the effect of the `ignore_trailing_commas` parameter in the `parse()` function.
@@ -270,5 +270,3 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -24,21 +24,6 @@ The parser callback distinguishes the following events:
 ![Example when certain parse events are triggered](../../images/callback_events.png)
 ??? example
    The following code parses a small JSON text with a parser callback that reports every event together with its
    depth and keeps every value (by always returning `#!cpp true`).
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/parse_event_t.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/parse_event_t.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [parser_callback_t](parser_callback_t.md) callback function type for the parser
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ the latter case, it is skipped completely, or replaced by `null` if it is the to
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: skip an object key while parsing"
+??? example
    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with
    and without callback function.
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ the latter case, it is skipped completely, or replaced by `null` if it is the to
    --8<-- "examples/parse__string__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```
-??? example "Example: how discarded values are removed"
+??? example
    The example below shows where discarded values are removed. The array and the number are discarded in different
    ways, but in each case the parse result contains neither the value nor its key.
@@ -26,24 +26,10 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
 - Throws [`parse_error.104`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error104) if the JSON patch does not consist of
  an array of objects.
 - Throws [`parse_error.105`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error105) if the JSON patch is malformed (e.g.,
-  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation 'add' must have member 'path'"`.
+  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation add must have member path"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.401`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range401) if an array index is out of range.
 - Throws [`parse_error.106`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error106) if an array index in a "path" or
  "from" member begins with '0'; example: `"array index '01' must not begin with '0'"`.
 - Throws [`parse_error.107`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if a "path" or "from" member is not
  empty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); example: `"JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'a'"`.
 - Throws [`parse_error.108`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in a "path" or
  "from" member is not followed by `0` or `1`; example: `"escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'"`.
 - Throws [`parse_error.109`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error109) if an array index in a "path" or
  "from" member is not a number; example: `"array index 'foo' is not a number"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.402`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range402) if the array index `-` is used
  where an existing element is required (the "path" of "replace", the "from" of "move" and "copy"); example:
  `"array index '-' (3) is out of range"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.403`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range403) if a JSON pointer inside the patch
  could not be resolved successfully in the current JSON value; example: `"key baz not found"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.404`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range404) if a reference token of a JSON
  pointer inside the patch cannot be resolved, e.g., `-` in a "remove" operation or `1a` for an array; example:
  `"unresolved reference token '-'"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.405`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if JSON pointer has no parent
  ("add", "remove", "move")
 - Throws [`out_of_range.411`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range411) if an "add" operation's target
@@ -67,7 +53,7 @@ is thrown. In any case, the original value is not changed: the patch is applied
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: apply a JSON patch"
+??? example
    The following code shows how a JSON patch is applied to a value.
@@ -81,21 +67,6 @@ is thrown. In any case, the original value is not changed: the patch is applied
    --8<-- "examples/patch.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: out_of_range.414 exception"
    The following code shows how a "move" operation whose "from" location is a proper prefix of its "path" location is
    rejected, and how the original document is left unchanged because the patch is applied to a copy.
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/patch__exception.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/patch__exception.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902)
@@ -22,24 +22,10 @@ No guarantees, value may be corrupted by an unsuccessful patch operation.
 - Throws [`parse_error.104`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error104) if the JSON patch does not consist of
  an array of objects.
 - Throws [`parse_error.105`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error105) if the JSON patch is malformed (e.g.,
-  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation 'add' must have member 'path'"`.
+  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation add must have member path"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.401`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range401) if an array index is out of range.
 - Throws [`parse_error.106`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error106) if an array index in a "path" or
  "from" member begins with '0'; example: `"array index '01' must not begin with '0'"`.
 - Throws [`parse_error.107`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if a "path" or "from" member is not
  empty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); example: `"JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'a'"`.
 - Throws [`parse_error.108`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in a "path" or
  "from" member is not followed by `0` or `1`; example: `"escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'"`.
 - Throws [`parse_error.109`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error109) if an array index in a "path" or
  "from" member is not a number; example: `"array index 'foo' is not a number"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.402`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range402) if the array index `-` is used
  where an existing element is required (the "path" of "replace", the "from" of "move" and "copy"); example:
  `"array index '-' (3) is out of range"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.403`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range403) if a JSON pointer inside the patch
  could not be resolved successfully in the current JSON value; example: `"key baz not found"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.404`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range404) if a reference token of a JSON
  pointer inside the patch cannot be resolved, e.g., `-` in a "remove" operation or `1a` for an array; example:
  `"unresolved reference token '-'"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.405`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if JSON pointer has no parent
  ("add", "remove", "move")
 - Throws [`out_of_range.411`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range411) if an "add" operation's target
@@ -64,7 +50,7 @@ function throws an exception.
 ## Examples
-??? example "Example: apply a JSON patch in place"
+??? example
    The following code shows how a JSON patch is applied to a value.
@@ -78,22 +64,6 @@ function throws an exception.
    --8<-- "examples/patch_inplace.output"
    ```
 ??? example "Example: out_of_range.403 exception with a partially applied patch"
    The following code shows a patch whose first operation succeeds and whose second operation fails. Because
    `patch_inplace` applies each operation directly to the value, the first operation's effect is still visible after
    the exception is caught, unlike [`patch`](patch.md).
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/patch_inplace__exception.cpp"
    ```
    Output:
    ```json
    --8<-- "examples/patch_inplace__exception.output"
    ```
 ## See also
 - [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902)
@@ -44,12 +44,6 @@ invalidates all iterators and all references.
 `init` (in)
 :   an initializer list
 ## Exception safety
 Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
 value is converted to an empty array or object before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element
 throws.
 ## Exceptions
 1. Throws [`type_error.308`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptiontype_error308) when called on a type other than
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Niels Lohmann	bbf9b69d38	Add an error_handler parameter to to_msgpack The MessagePack spec allows ill-formed UTF-8 in a str, so the default stays keep (also if JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8 is enabled), but decoders such as msgpack-python reject it by default. With the parameter, strict catches such strings and replace/ignore sanitize them, the same way as for the other binary writers and dump(). Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-10-02 09:02:34 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	cf55a6cb3a	Merge #5741 and make keep the default error_handler of the binary writers Merges claude/binary-utf8-roundtrip-5651, where the writers now only check UTF-8 if JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8 is enabled, and applies the same rule to the error_handler parameter added here: to_cbor(), to_ubjson(), to_bjdata(), and to_bson() default to error_handler_t::keep, the behavior of 3.12.0, or to error_handler_t::strict if JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8 is enabled (detail::binary_writer_default_error_handler()). Passing a handler explicitly always takes precedence. - Conflicts in binary_writer.hpp resolved in favor of this branch's error_handler, which replaces #5741's check_text_utf8(). - Tests: the "default parameters" section checks that the default equals keep; unit-binary_utf8_strict.cpp checks that an explicit handler overrides the macro's default. - Docs: signatures show keep; parameter, exception, and format pages describe keep as the default and the macro; the two 3.13.0 version history entries of each writer are merged into one. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-10-02 08:48:59 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	809ace26b3	Keep writing ill-formed UTF-8 unchanged unless JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8 is set Throwing type_error.316 from to_cbor(), to_ubjson(), to_bjdata(), and to_bson() by default would break code that works with 3.12.0, for example code that stores ISO 8859-1 in a string and only writes it to a binary format. Following the plan for 4.0.0, the check is now opt-in via the new macro JSON_STRICT_BINARY_UTF8 (default 0), which is planned to become the default in 4.0.0: - abi_macros.hpp: default 0 and ABI tag _sbu8; macro_unscope.hpp undefines it; CMake option JSON_StrictBinaryUTF8; ABI namespace tests updated. - binary_writer: the four writers call check_text_utf8(), which checks only if the macro is enabled. BON8 always checks, MessagePack never. - Tests: the strict checks move to unit-binary_utf8_strict.cpp, which defines the macro; the per-format tests now check that the default writes the bytes unchanged (from_X(to_X(j)) == j). - Docs: new macro page, macro lists, CMake option, namespace tags, and the writer/format pages describe the default and the opt-in. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-10-02 08:45:32 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	fff221c58b	Add an error_handler parameter for UTF-8 to the binary readers and writers Adds error_handler_t::keep (invalid UTF-8 sequences are left unchanged) as a fourth error_handler_t value, and threads an error_handler parameter through the binary writers and readers: - to_cbor/to_ubjson/to_bjdata/to_bson gain a trailing error_handler parameter (default strict, matching their existing type_error.316 behavior); keep writes a string value or object key's bytes as is instead of throwing, and replace/ignore sanitize it exactly like dump() would, including for the BSON length prefix. to_msgpack and to_bon8 are unchanged. - from_cbor/from_msgpack/from_ubjson/from_bjdata/from_bson gain a trailing error_handler parameter (default keep, i.e. the lenient behavior every binary reader had in 3.12.0 and still has after #5741); strict checks every string value and object key and raises parse_error.113 for ill-formed UTF-8, honoring allow_exceptions; replace/ignore sanitize it like dump() would. from_bon8 is unchanged, since UTF-8 lead bytes are structural there. dump()'s own keep support writes ill-formed bytes as is, even with ensure_ascii, while still \u-escaping well-formed characters around them as usual. The UTF-8 validity check (is_valid_utf8) and the replace/ignore sanitizing logic (sanitize_utf8) now live in string_utils.hpp, shared by the serializer and the binary reader/writer; error_handler_t itself moved to its own header (detail/output/error_handler.hpp) so that string_utils.hpp does not need to depend on serializer.hpp. See #5529 and #5741. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-10-01 08:43:15 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	92c729f657	Accept ill-formed UTF-8 in all binary readers again RFC 8949 and the MessagePack/BSON/UBJSON/BJData specs leave UTF-8 well-formedness checking up to the decoder, so following #5529 the binary readers are lenient by default again, as in release 3.12.0 (the reader-side check was added by #5185/#5531, not in any release); reader-side validation becomes opt-in in a follow-up PR. The writers stay strict and throw type_error.316 for ill-formed UTF-8. BON8 is unchanged, since UTF-8 lead bytes are structural there. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-10-01 07:59:14 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	f3e30fa5b7	Merge branch 'develop' into claude/binary-utf8-roundtrip-5651 Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-10-01 07:44:29 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	73d116547a	Reject ill-formed UTF-8 in CBOR/UBJSON/BJData/BSON writers, accept it in MessagePack reader to_cbor(), to_ubjson(), to_bjdata(), and to_bson() wrote a string or object key with ill-formed UTF-8 byte for byte, but from_cbor()/from_ubjson()/ from_bjdata()/from_bson() reject such strings with parse_error.113 since `d19f7f5dc` (#5185, not yet released): a value that serialized without error could not be read back by the same library (#5651). CBOR (RFC 8949 Section 5), UBJSON, BJData, and BSON all require text strings and object keys/element names to be valid UTF-8, so their writers now validate and throw type_error.316, like to_bon8() already does. For BSON, the check runs in the size-computation pass, before any byte is written, the same way the binary subtype check works. check_bon8_utf8() is renamed to check_utf8() since it is now shared by all of these writers. MessagePack's specification explicitly allows a str object to contain an invalid byte sequence and expects a deserializer to hand the bytes back unchanged, so its writer is unaffected and from_msgpack() (object keys included) no longer validates UTF-8, restoring its pre-#5185 behavior. dump() still rejects ill-formed UTF-8 with type_error.316 unless an error handler is passed. Docs: add the type_error.316 exception to to_cbor/to_ubjson/to_bjdata/to_bson, document the writer-side check on the cbor/bson/ubjson/bjdata format pages, and rewrite the MessagePack UTF-8 warning to describe the round-trip and dump() behavior instead of a validation requirement the spec does not have. Tests: add ill-formed value/key cases (invalid byte, truncated sequence, encoded surrogate, overlong encoding) expecting type_error.316 to unit-cbor.cpp, unit-ubjson.cpp, unit-bjdata.cpp, and unit-bson.cpp (which also checks the output vector stays empty), and turn unit-msgpack.cpp's former parse_error.113 ill-formed-UTF-8 tests into byte-for-byte round-trip tests for both values and keys. This text was written by Claude Code. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-30 22:19:11 +02:00