Merge branch 'develop' into docs/review-fixes

Conflicts: - include/nlohmann/json.hpp: took develop's removal of the UDLs (moved to json_literals.hpp, which already has the corrected @sa links) - single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp: regenerated with make amalgamate - docs/mkdocs/docs/api/operator_literal_json.md, operator_literal_json_pointer.md: kept the PR's migration guide link and develop's json_literals.hpp/JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS note - docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json/to_bson.md: both sides added out_of_range.415; kept develop's example message and both version history lines - docs/docset/docSet.sql: added JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS (new on develop), which the PR's check_structure.py requires Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
Cache the release headers with functools.lru_cache
2026-10-01 12:10:32 +00:00 · 2026-09-30 20:39:42 +02:00 · 2026-09-29 22:22:22 +02:00 · 2026-09-29 19:50:03 +02:00 · 2026-09-29 18:28:16 +02:00 · 2026-09-29 18:18:03 +02:00
570 changed files with 21543 additions and 12280 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+arm_container:
+  image: gcc:latest
+
+check_task:
+  check_script:
+  # the gcc image ships an outdated CMake, so fetch a recent prebuilt binary
+  # instead of compiling CMake from source
+  - wget -q https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v4.3.4/cmake-4.3.4-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
+  - tar xfz cmake-4.3.4-linux-aarch64.tar.gz
+  - export PATH="$(pwd)/cmake-4.3.4-linux-aarch64/bin:$PATH"
+  - cmake --version
+  - mkdir build
+  - cd build
+  - cmake .. -DJSON_FastTests=ON
+  - make -j4
+  - cd tests
+  - ctest -j4
@@ -1,15 +1,9 @@
-# bugprone-use-after-move (hicpp-invalid-access-moved is its alias) still flags
-# the basic_json move constructor, which forwards the whole object to its base
-# class (#5724), and two forwards in the error-message construction of
-# at(KeyType&&) (json.hpp, both overloads: find(std::forward<KeyType>(key))
-# followed by string_t(std::forward<KeyType>(key)) in the throw), which #5689
-# rewrites. Re-enable both checks once those changes have landed.
-# portability-avoid-pragma-once: kept disabled on purpose. #pragma once is accepted
-# by every supported compiler, and tools/amalgamate/amalgamate.py strips it from
-# single_include, so there is nothing left to fix here.
+# TODO: The first three checks are only removed to get the CI going. They have to be addressed at some point.
+# TODO: portability-avoid-pragma-once: should be fixed eventually

 Checks: '*,

+         -portability-template-virtual-member-function,
         -bugprone-use-after-move,
         -hicpp-invalid-access-moved,

@@ -43,6 +37,7 @@ Checks: '*,
         -google-readability-function-size,
         -google-runtime-float,
         -google-runtime-int,
+         -google-runtime-references,
         -hicpp-avoid-goto,
         -hicpp-explicit-conversions,
         -hicpp-function-size,
@@ -76,7 +71,6 @@ Checks: '*,
         -readability-magic-numbers,
         -readability-redundant-access-specifiers,
         -readability-redundant-parentheses,
-         -readability-redundant-typename,
         -readability-simplify-boolean-expr,
         -readability-uppercase-literal-suffix,
         -readability-use-concise-preprocessor-directives'
@@ -87,4 +81,5 @@ CheckOptions:

 WarningsAsErrors: '*'

+#HeaderFilterRegex: '.*nlohmann.*'
 HeaderFilterRegex: '.*hpp$'
@@ -142,6 +142,16 @@ The documentation will then be available at <http://127.0.0.1:8000/>. See the do
 [mkdocs](https://www.mkdocs.org) and [Material for MkDocs](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/) for more
 information.

+Before opening a pull request, check the documentation like the CI does:
+
+```shell
+make build -C docs/mkdocs          # strict build: fails on broken links, anchors, and structure problems
+make check_mermaid -C docs/mkdocs  # checks the Mermaid diagrams (requires Node.js)
+```
+
+A new API page also needs an entry in [`docs/docset/docSet.sql`](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/blob/develop/docs/docset/docSet.sql),
+the search index of the docset; `make build` reports missing entries.
+
 ### Amalgamate the source code

 The single-header files
@@ -18,16 +18,23 @@ updates:
    cooldown:
      default-days: 7

+  - package-ecosystem: npm
+    directory: /docs/mkdocs/scripts/mermaid
+    schedule:
+      interval: daily
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
+    ignore:
+      # Material for MkDocs loads mermaid@11; keep the checker on the same major version
+      - dependency-name: mermaid
+        update-types: ["version-update:semver-major"]
+
  - package-ecosystem: pip
    directory: /tools/astyle
    schedule:
      interval: daily
    cooldown:
      default-days: 7
-    ignore:
-      # astyle is deliberately pinned (see tools/astyle/requirements.txt): newer versions
-      # reformat the code, and the pinned version defines the formatting CI enforces
-      - dependency-name: astyle

  - package-ecosystem: pip
    directory: /tools/generate_natvis
@@ -30,6 +30,14 @@ environment:
      CMAKE_OPTIONS: ""
      GENERATOR: Visual Studio 14 2015

+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+      configuration: Release
+      platform: x86
+      name: with_win_header
+      CXX_FLAGS: "/W4 /WX"
+      CMAKE_OPTIONS: ""
+      GENERATOR: Visual Studio 14 2015
+
    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
      configuration: Release
      platform: x86
@@ -66,6 +74,9 @@ install:
  - if "%platform%"=="x86"    set GENERATOR_PLATFORM=Win32

 before_build:
+  # for with_win_header build, inject the inclusion of Windows.h to the single-header library
+  - ps: if ($env:name -Eq "with_win_header") { $header_path = "single_include\nlohmann\json.hpp" }
+  - ps: if ($env:name -Eq "with_win_header") { "#include <Windows.h>`n" + (Get-Content $header_path | Out-String) | Set-Content $header_path }
  - cmake . -G "%GENERATOR%" -A "%GENERATOR_PLATFORM%" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="%CXX_FLAGS%" -DCMAKE_IGNORE_PATH="C:/Program Files/Git/usr/bin" -DJSON_BuildTests=On "%CMAKE_OPTIONS%"

 build_script:
@@ -2,23 +2,16 @@ name: "Check amalgamation"

 on:
  pull_request:
-  # also check develop itself: a PR can be merged before its own run of this
-  # workflow completes (e.g. while it is still queued), leaving single_include
-  # stale on develop without any failing check
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - develop

 concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true

 permissions:
  contents: read

 jobs:
  save:
-    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
@@ -42,7 +35,6 @@ jobs:
      MAIN_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/main
      INCLUDE_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/main/single_include/nlohmann
      TOOL_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/tools/tools/amalgamate
-      NATVIS_TOOL_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/tools/tools/generate_natvis

    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
@@ -50,11 +42,11 @@ jobs:
        with:
          egress-policy: audit

-      - name: Checkout pull request or pushed commit
+      - name: Checkout pull request
        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          path: main
-          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
          persist-credentials: false

      - name: Checkout tools
@@ -69,48 +61,6 @@ jobs:
          python3 -mvenv venv
          venv/bin/pip3 install -r $MAIN_DIR/tools/astyle/requirements.txt

-      - name: Install generate_natvis dependencies
-        run: pip3 install -r $NATVIS_TOOL_DIR/requirements.txt
-
-      - name: Regenerate the tools/macro_builder tables in macro_scope.hpp
-        run: |
-          cd $MAIN_DIR
-
-          # Built from this PR's own tools/macro_builder/main.cpp, not a
-          # develop checkout: unlike amalgamate.py and generate_natvis.py,
-          # this tool has no other source of truth to check against (its
-          # own README documents that it must reproduce macro_scope.hpp
-          # byte for byte), so there is nothing to gain from checking out a
-          # separate copy, and doing so would make this step fail on a PR
-          # that adds support for a new dispatch table until that PR itself
-          # merges to develop, the same way generate_natvis.py's --version
-          # requirement briefly did.
-          TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d ./macro_builder_check.XXXXXX)
-          c++ -std=c++11 tools/macro_builder/main.cpp -o "$TMPDIR/macro_builder"
-          "$TMPDIR/macro_builder" > "$TMPDIR/paste.hpp"
-          "$TMPDIR/macro_builder" type_body > "$TMPDIR/type_body.hpp"
-
-          # Splice the (still unindented) generated blocks back into
-          # macro_scope.hpp; the astyle pass below indents their
-          # continuation lines the same way it does for the rest of
-          # include/, so a correctly regenerated file comes out unchanged.
-          awk -v newfile="$TMPDIR/paste.hpp" '
-            BEGIN { while ((getline line < newfile) > 0) { new = new line "\n" } }
-            /^#define NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND\( x \) x$/ { printf "%s", new; skip=1 }
-            skip && /^#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE63\(/ { skip=0; next }
-            skip { next }
-            { print }
-          ' include/nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp > "$TMPDIR/macro_scope_1.hpp"
-          awk -v newfile="$TMPDIR/type_body.hpp" '
-            BEGIN { while ((getline line < newfile) > 0) { new = new line "\n" } }
-            /^#define NLOHMANN_JSON_TYPE_BODY\(Prefix, \.\.\.\)/ { printf "%s", new; skip=1 }
-            skip && /^[[:space:]]*NLOHMANN_JSON_TYPE_BODY_SENTINEL\)\)$/ { skip=0; next }
-            skip { next }
-            { print }
-          ' "$TMPDIR/macro_scope_1.hpp" > "$TMPDIR/macro_scope_2.hpp"
-          mv "$TMPDIR/macro_scope_2.hpp" include/nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp
-          rm -rf "$TMPDIR"
-
      - name: Regenerate amalgamation, formatting, and BUILD.bazel
        run: |
          cd $MAIN_DIR
@@ -138,19 +88,6 @@ jobs:
          ${{ github.workspace }}/venv/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=none --quiet \
            $(find $SOURCE_DIRS -type f \( -name '*.hpp' -o -name '*.cpp' -o -name '*.cu' \) -not -path 'tests/thirdparty/*' -not -path 'tests/abi/include/nlohmann/*' | sort)

-      - name: Regenerate nlohmann_json.natvis
-        run: |
-          cd $MAIN_DIR
-          # Pass --version explicitly so this step also works with the tool
-          # copy from develop before this repository's own generate_natvis.py
-          # learns to derive the version itself: the older script requires
-          # --version, and the newer one accepts it as an explicit override.
-          ABI_MACROS=include/nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp
-          VERSION_MAJOR=$(grep -m1 'define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR' $ABI_MACROS | grep -o '[0-9]\+')
-          VERSION_MINOR=$(grep -m1 'define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR' $ABI_MACROS | grep -o '[0-9]\+')
-          VERSION_PATCH=$(grep -m1 'define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH' $ABI_MACROS | grep -o '[0-9]\+')
-          python3 $NATVIS_TOOL_DIR/generate_natvis.py --version "$VERSION_MAJOR.$VERSION_MINOR.$VERSION_PATCH" $MAIN_DIR
-
      - name: Build patch and check for differences
        id: diff
        run: |
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+name: Check documentation links
+
+# check the links of the documentation weekly; external links break without any change in this repository
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '17 4 * * 1'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  check_docs_links:
+    if: github.repository == 'nlohmann/json'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    steps:
+      - name: Harden Runner
+        uses: step-security/harden-runner@e14015d583714f6e62063499dc959a02595150a1 # v2.21.1
+        with:
+          egress-policy: audit
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Install virtual environment
+        run: make install_venv -C docs/mkdocs
+
+      - name: Check links
+        shell: bash  # adds -o pipefail, so tee does not hide the exit code
+        run: make link_check -C docs/mkdocs 2>&1 | tee link_check.log
+
+      - name: Summarize broken links
+        if: failure()
+        run: |
+          {
+            echo '### Broken documentation links'
+            echo '```'
+            grep 'invalid url' link_check.log || true
+            echo '```'
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ permissions:

 jobs:
  comment:
-    # push runs on develop have no PR to comment on (and no "pr" artifact)
-    if: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'failure' && github.event.workflow_run.event == 'pull_request' }}
+    if: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'failure' }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      contents: read
@@ -7,16 +7,6 @@ on:
      - develop
    paths:
      - docs/mkdocs/**
-      # the site also embeds these files via pymdownx.snippets
-      # (mkdocs.yml sets restrict_base_path: false for this)
-      - .clang-tidy
-      - .github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
-      - .github/CONTRIBUTING.md
-      - .github/SECURITY.md
-      - cmake/clang_flags.cmake
-      - cmake/gcc_flags.cmake
-      - tests/fmt_formatter/project/main.cpp
-      - tools/astyle/.astylerc
  workflow_dispatch:

 # we don't want to have concurrent jobs, and we don't want to cancel running jobs to avoid broken publications
@@ -33,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
      contents: write

    if: github.repository == 'nlohmann/json'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
        uses: step-security/harden-runner@e14015d583714f6e62063499dc959a02595150a1 # v2.21.1
@@ -42,7 +32,9 @@ jobs:

      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
+          # the git-revision-date-localized plugin needs the history for correct "last update" dates and so the
+          # strict build does not fail on a shallow clone
+          fetch-depth: 0

      - name: Install virtual environment
        run: make install_venv -C docs/mkdocs
@@ -52,13 +52,6 @@ jobs:
        run: cmake -S . -B build -DJSON_CI=On
      - name: Build
        run: cmake --build build --target ci_infer
-      - name: Archive Infer report
-        if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: infer-report
-          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/build/build_infer/infer-out/report.txt
-          if-no-files-found: ignore

  ci_static_analysis_ubuntu:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -85,7 +78,7 @@ jobs:

  ci_static_analysis_clang:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    container: silkeh/clang:22
+    container: silkeh/clang:dev
    strategy:
      matrix:
        target: [ci_test_clang, ci_clang_tidy, ci_test_clang_sanitizer, ci_clang_analyze, ci_single_binaries]
@@ -104,13 +97,13 @@ jobs:

  ci_cmake_options:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    container: ubuntu:24.04
+    container: ubuntu:focal
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        target: [ci_cmake_flags, ci_test_diagnostics, ci_test_diagnostic_positions, ci_test_noexceptions, ci_test_noimplicitconversions, ci_test_legacycomparison, ci_test_noglobaludls, ci_test_disableenumserialization, ci_test_disabletuplereferenceconversion, ci_test_skiplibraryversioncheck, ci_test_simdutf, ci_test_strict_nul_handling, ci_test_no_thread_local]
+        target: [ci_cmake_flags, ci_test_diagnostics, ci_test_diagnostic_positions, ci_test_noexceptions, ci_test_noimplicitconversions, ci_test_legacycomparison, ci_test_noglobaludls, ci_test_disableenumserialization, ci_test_skiplibraryversioncheck, ci_test_simdutf, ci_test_strict_nul_handling, ci_test_no_thread_local]
    steps:
      - name: Install build-essential
-        run: apt-get update ; apt-get install -y build-essential unzip wget git
+        run: apt-get update ; apt-get install -y build-essential unzip wget git libssl-dev
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          persist-credentials: false
@@ -353,8 +346,6 @@ jobs:
    container: intel/oneapi-hpckit:latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Get latest CMake and ninja
        uses: lukka/get-cmake@fffaaafeea488556c2c12dad60690008bc1caacb # v4.4.2
      - name: Run CMake
@@ -367,8 +358,6 @@ jobs:
    container: nvcr.io/nvidia/nvhpc:25.5-devel-cuda12.9-ubuntu22.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Get latest CMake and ninja
        uses: lukka/get-cmake@fffaaafeea488556c2c12dad60690008bc1caacb # v4.4.2
      - name: Run CMake
@@ -400,7 +389,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    strategy:
      matrix:
-        target: [ci_test_examples, ci_test_build_documentation]
+        target: [ci_test_examples, ci_test_build_documentation, ci_test_documentation_mermaid]
    steps:
      - name: Harden Runner
        uses: step-security/harden-runner@e14015d583714f6e62063499dc959a02595150a1 # v2.21.1
@@ -410,25 +399,13 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
        with:
          persist-credentials: false
+          # the git-revision-date-localized plugin needs the history; a shallow clone makes the strict build fail
+          fetch-depth: ${{ matrix.target == 'ci_test_build_documentation' && '0' || '1' }}
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
+        if: matrix.target == 'ci_test_documentation_mermaid'
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
      - name: Run CMake
        run: cmake -S . -B build -DJSON_CI=On
      - name: Build
        run: cmake --build build --target ${{ matrix.target }}
-
-  # Native Linux ARM64 runner with the latest GCC. The ubuntu-24.04-arm label is
-  # only available for public repositories.
-  ci_test_arm64:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
-    container: gcc:latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-      - name: Get latest CMake and ninja
-        uses: lukka/get-cmake@fffaaafeea488556c2c12dad60690008bc1caacb # v4.4.2
-      - name: Check that the job runs natively on arm64
-        run: uname -m && test "$(uname -m)" = aarch64
-      - name: Run CMake
-        run: cmake -S . -B build -DJSON_CI=On
-      - name: Build
-        run: cmake --build build --target ci_test_compiler_default
@@ -87,8 +87,6 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Get latest CMake and ninja
        uses: lukka/get-cmake@fffaaafeea488556c2c12dad60690008bc1caacb # v4.4.2
      - name: Set extra CXX_FLAGS for latest std_version
@@ -125,8 +123,6 @@ jobs:

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
      - name: Run CMake (Release)
        run: cmake -S . -B build -G "Visual Studio 18 2026" -A ARM64 -DJSON_BuildTests=On -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="/W4 /WX"
        if: matrix.build_type == 'Release'
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 /docs/docset/docSet.dsidx
 /docs/mkdocs/.cache/
 /docs/mkdocs/docs/__pycache__/
+/docs/mkdocs/hooks/__pycache__/
+/docs/mkdocs/scripts/mermaid/node_modules/
 /docs/mkdocs/site/
 /docs/mkdocs/venv/

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "_comment": "Used by the ci_infer CMake target (#5715 item 4b). fail-on-issue makes CI fail on Infer findings; disable-issue-type is a type-level baseline for the ~174 pre-existing findings (all PULSE_UNNECESSARY_COPY*/PULSE_RESOURCE_LEAK/PULSE_CONST_REFABLE, mostly in test code) triaged in run https://github.com/nlohmann/json/actions/runs/35829411620 on commit 1054b2097, so CI fails only on a NEW issue type. Remove an entry here once its findings have been fixed or explicitly accepted.",
-  "fail-on-issue": true,
-  "disable-issue-type": [
-    "PULSE_UNNECESSARY_COPY_ASSIGNMENT",
-    "PULSE_UNNECESSARY_COPY",
-    "PULSE_UNNECESSARY_COPY_INTERMEDIATE",
-    "PULSE_UNNECESSARY_COPY_OPTIONAL",
-    "PULSE_RESOURCE_LEAK",
-    "PULSE_CONST_REFABLE"
-  ]
-}
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ Files: tests/thirdparty/fifo_map/*
 Copyright: 2015-2017 Niels Lohmann
 License: MIT

+Files: tests/thirdparty/Fuzzer/*
+Copyright: 2003-2022 LLVM Project.
+License: Apache-2.0
+
 Files: tests/thirdparty/imapdl/*
 Copyright: 2017 Georg Sauthoff <mail@gms.tf>
 License: GPL-3.0-only
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ cc_library(
    hdrs = [
        "include/nlohmann/adl_serializer.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/byte_container_with_subtype.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/abi_config.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/bit_ops.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp",
@@ -66,13 +65,6 @@ cc_library(
        "include/nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/string_utils.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/builder.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/document_data.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/macro_scope.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/macro_unscope.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/node.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/scan.hpp",
-        "include/nlohmann/detail/view/string_ref.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp",
        "include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp",
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ option(JSON_Diagnostic_Positions           "Enable diagnostic positions." OFF)
 option(JSON_GlobalUDLs                     "Place user-defined string literals in the global namespace." ON)
 option(JSON_ImplicitConversions            "Enable implicit conversions." ON)
 option(JSON_DisableEnumSerialization       "Disable default integer enum serialization." OFF)
-option(JSON_DisableTupleReferenceConversion "Disable conversion from a one-element tuple of a JSON reference." OFF)
 option(JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison "Enable legacy discarded value comparison." OFF)
 option(JSON_Install                        "Install CMake targets during install step." ${MAIN_PROJECT})
 option(JSON_MultipleHeaders                "Use non-amalgamated version of the library." ON)
@@ -102,10 +101,6 @@ if (JSON_DisableEnumSerialization)
    message(STATUS "Enum integer serialization is disabled (JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION=1)")
 endif()

-if (JSON_DisableTupleReferenceConversion)
-    message(STATUS "Tuple reference conversion is disabled (JSON_DISABLE_TUPLE_REFERENCE_CONVERSION=1)")
-endif()
-
 if (JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison)
    message(STATUS "Legacy discarded value comparison enabled (JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON=1)")
 endif()
@@ -148,7 +143,6 @@ target_compile_definitions(
    $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${JSON_GlobalUDLs}>>:JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS=0>
    $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${JSON_ImplicitConversions}>>:JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS=0>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_DisableEnumSerialization}>:JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION=1>
-    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_DisableTupleReferenceConversion}>:JSON_DISABLE_TUPLE_REFERENCE_CONVERSION=1>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_Diagnostics}>:JSON_DIAGNOSTICS=1>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_Diagnostic_Positions}>:JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS=1>
    $<$<BOOL:${JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison}>:JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON=1>
@@ -33,6 +33,17 @@ Further documentation:
 > [!IMPORTANT]
 > The folder `.github/workflows` is predetermined by GitHub.

+### `.cirrus.yml`
+
+Configuration file for the pipeline at [Cirrus CI](https://cirrus-ci.com/github/nlohmann/json).
+
+Further documentation:
+
+- [Writing tasks](https://cirrus-ci.org/guide/writing-tasks/)
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> The filename `.cirrus.yml` and position (root of the repository) are predetermined by Cirrus CI.
+
 ### `.github/external_ci/appveyor.yml`

 Configuration for the pipelines at [AppVeyor](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/nlohmann/json).
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.PHONY: pretty clean ChangeLog.md release update_hedley update_hedley_undef BUILD.bazel natvis macro_builder_check
+.PHONY: pretty clean ChangeLog.md release update_hedley update_hedley_undef BUILD.bazel

 ##########################################################################
 # configuration
@@ -24,9 +24,6 @@ AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE=single_include/nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp
 # json_literals.hpp only includes <nlohmann/json.hpp>, so it is copied verbatim
 AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE=single_include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp

-# the header with the argument-counting macros generated by tools/macro_builder
-MACRO_SCOPE_HPP=include/nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp
-

 ##########################################################################
 # documentation of the Makefile's targets
@@ -39,9 +36,13 @@ all:
 	@echo "ChangeLog.md - generate ChangeLog file"
 	@echo "check-amalgamation - check whether sources have been amalgamated and BUILD.bazel is up to date"
 	@echo "clean - remove built files"
-	@echo "fuzzing - see tests/fuzzing.md for how to build and run the fuzzers"
-	@echo "macro_builder_check - check that macro_scope.hpp matches tools/macro_builder's output"
-	@echo "natvis - regenerate nlohmann_json.natvis from the current ABI tags and version"
+	@echo "doctest - compile example files and check their output"
+	@echo "fuzz_testing - prepare fuzz testing of the JSON parser"
+	@echo "fuzz_testing_bon8 - prepare fuzz testing of the BON8 parser"
+	@echo "fuzz_testing_bson - prepare fuzz testing of the BSON parser"
+	@echo "fuzz_testing_cbor - prepare fuzz testing of the CBOR parser"
+	@echo "fuzz_testing_msgpack - prepare fuzz testing of the MessagePack parser"
+	@echo "fuzz_testing_ubjson - prepare fuzz testing of the UBJSON parser"
 	@echo "pretty - beautify code with Artistic Style"
 	@echo "run_benchmarks - build and run benchmarks"
 	@echo "update_hedley - download Hedley and regenerate hedley.hpp / hedley_undef.hpp"
@@ -60,6 +61,74 @@ run_benchmarks:
 	cd cmake-build-benchmarks ; ./json_benchmarks


+##########################################################################
+# fuzzing
+##########################################################################
+
+# the overall fuzz testing target
+fuzz_testing:
+	rm -fr fuzz-testing
+	mkdir -p fuzz-testing fuzz-testing/testcases fuzz-testing/out
+	$(MAKE) parse_afl_fuzzer -C tests CXX=afl-clang++
+	mv tests/parse_afl_fuzzer fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+	find tests/data/json_tests -size -5k -name *json | xargs -I{} cp "{}" fuzz-testing/testcases
+	@echo "Execute: afl-fuzz -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer"
+
+fuzz_testing_bon8:
+	rm -fr fuzz-testing
+	mkdir -p fuzz-testing fuzz-testing/testcases fuzz-testing/out
+	$(MAKE) parse_bon8_fuzzer -C tests CXX=afl-clang++
+	mv tests/parse_bon8_fuzzer fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+	find tests/data -size -5k -name *.bon8 | xargs -I{} cp "{}" fuzz-testing/testcases
+	@echo "Execute: afl-fuzz -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer"
+
+fuzz_testing_bson:
+	rm -fr fuzz-testing
+	mkdir -p fuzz-testing fuzz-testing/testcases fuzz-testing/out
+	$(MAKE) parse_bson_fuzzer -C tests CXX=afl-clang++
+	mv tests/parse_bson_fuzzer fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+	find tests/data -size -5k -name *.bson | xargs -I{} cp "{}" fuzz-testing/testcases
+	@echo "Execute: afl-fuzz -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer"
+
+fuzz_testing_cbor:
+	rm -fr fuzz-testing
+	mkdir -p fuzz-testing fuzz-testing/testcases fuzz-testing/out
+	$(MAKE) parse_cbor_fuzzer -C tests CXX=afl-clang++
+	mv tests/parse_cbor_fuzzer fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+	find tests/data -size -5k -name *.cbor | xargs -I{} cp "{}" fuzz-testing/testcases
+	@echo "Execute: afl-fuzz -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer"
+
+fuzz_testing_msgpack:
+	rm -fr fuzz-testing
+	mkdir -p fuzz-testing fuzz-testing/testcases fuzz-testing/out
+	$(MAKE) parse_msgpack_fuzzer -C tests CXX=afl-clang++
+	mv tests/parse_msgpack_fuzzer fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+	find tests/data -size -5k -name *.msgpack | xargs -I{} cp "{}" fuzz-testing/testcases
+	@echo "Execute: afl-fuzz -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer"
+
+fuzz_testing_ubjson:
+	rm -fr fuzz-testing
+	mkdir -p fuzz-testing fuzz-testing/testcases fuzz-testing/out
+	$(MAKE) parse_ubjson_fuzzer -C tests CXX=afl-clang++
+	mv tests/parse_ubjson_fuzzer fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+	find tests/data -size -5k -name *.ubjson | xargs -I{} cp "{}" fuzz-testing/testcases
+	@echo "Execute: afl-fuzz -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer"
+
+fuzzing-start:
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer1 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer2 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer3 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer4 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer5 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer6 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -S fuzzer7 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer > /dev/null &
+	afl-fuzz -M fuzzer0 -i fuzz-testing/testcases -o fuzz-testing/out fuzz-testing/fuzzer
+
+fuzzing-stop:
+	-killall fuzzer
+	-killall afl-fuzz
+
+
 ##########################################################################
 # Static analysis
 ##########################################################################
@@ -87,7 +156,11 @@ install_astyle:

 # call the Artistic Style pretty printer on all source files
 pretty: install_astyle
-	$(ASTYLE) --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc $(SRCS) $(TESTS_SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.hpp
+	$(ASTYLE) --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc $(SRCS) $(TESTS_SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp
+
+# call the Clang-Format on all source files
+pretty_format:
+	for FILE in $(SRCS) $(TESTS_SRCS) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp; do echo $$FILE; clang-format -i $$FILE; done

 # create single header files and pretty print
 amalgamate: $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)
@@ -105,26 +178,8 @@ $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE): $(SRCS)
 $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE): include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp
 	cp include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE)

-# regenerate nlohmann_json.natvis from the ABI tags and version in include/nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp
-natvis:
-	python3 tools/generate_natvis/generate_natvis.py .
-
-# regenerate the two tools/macro_builder blocks of $(MACRO_SCOPE_HPP) (see its README.md) and diff against the
-# checked-in header; phony, because it never writes $(MACRO_SCOPE_HPP) itself
-macro_builder_check:
-	@set -e; \
-	TMPDIR=$$(mktemp -d ./macro_builder_check.XXXXXX); \
-	trap 'rm -rf "$$TMPDIR"' EXIT; \
-	$(CXX) -std=c++11 tools/macro_builder/main.cpp -o "$$TMPDIR/macro_builder"; \
-	"$$TMPDIR/macro_builder" > "$$TMPDIR/paste.hpp"; \
-	"$$TMPDIR/macro_builder" type_body > "$$TMPDIR/type_body.hpp"; \
-	$(ASTYLE) --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=none --quiet "$$TMPDIR/paste.hpp" "$$TMPDIR/type_body.hpp"; \
-	sed -n '/^#define NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND( x ) x$$/,/^#define NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE63(/p' $(MACRO_SCOPE_HPP) > "$$TMPDIR/paste_actual.hpp"; \
-	sed -n '/^#define NLOHMANN_JSON_TYPE_BODY(Prefix, \.\.\.)/,/^        NLOHMANN_JSON_TYPE_BODY_SENTINEL))$$/p' $(MACRO_SCOPE_HPP) > "$$TMPDIR/type_body_actual.hpp"; \
-	diff "$$TMPDIR/paste.hpp" "$$TMPDIR/paste_actual.hpp" || (echo "===================================================================\n  $(MACRO_SCOPE_HPP) (NLOHMANN_JSON_EXPAND..NLOHMANN_JSON_DOUBLE_PASTE63) is out of date!\n  Regenerate it, see tools/macro_builder/README.md.\n===================================================================" ; exit 1); \
-	diff "$$TMPDIR/type_body.hpp" "$$TMPDIR/type_body_actual.hpp" || (echo "===================================================================\n  $(MACRO_SCOPE_HPP) (NLOHMANN_JSON_TYPE_BODY) is out of date!\n  Regenerate it, see tools/macro_builder/README.md.\n===================================================================" ; exit 1)
-
 # check if file single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp has been amalgamated from the nlohmann sources
+# Note: this target is called by Travis
 check-amalgamation:
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FILE)~
 	@mv $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE)~
@@ -140,11 +195,6 @@ check-amalgamation:
 	@$(MAKE) BUILD.bazel
 	@diff BUILD.bazel BUILD.bazel~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  BUILD.bazel is out of date! Please run 'make BUILD.bazel'.\n===================================================================" ; mv BUILD.bazel~ BUILD.bazel ; false)
 	@mv BUILD.bazel~ BUILD.bazel
-	@mv nlohmann_json.natvis nlohmann_json.natvis~
-	@$(MAKE) natvis
-	@diff nlohmann_json.natvis nlohmann_json.natvis~ || (echo "===================================================================\n  nlohmann_json.natvis is out of date! Please run 'make natvis'.\n===================================================================" ; mv nlohmann_json.natvis~ nlohmann_json.natvis ; false)
-	@mv nlohmann_json.natvis~ nlohmann_json.natvis
-	@$(MAKE) macro_builder_check

 # generate the Bazel BUILD file; phony, because a removed header would not trigger a rebuild
 BUILD.bazel:
@@ -196,7 +246,7 @@ release: include.zip json.tar.xz
 	cp $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE) release_files
 	cp $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE) release_files
 	mv $(AMALGAMATED_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_FWD_FILE).asc $(AMALGAMATED_LITERALS_FILE).asc json.tar.xz json.tar.xz.asc include.zip include.zip.asc release_files
-	cd release_files ; shasum -a 256 $$(find . -type f -not -name '*.asc' | sed 's|^\./||' | sort) > hashes.txt
+	cd release_files ; shasum -a 256 json.hpp include.zip json.tar.xz > hashes.txt


 ##########################################################################
@@ -206,6 +256,7 @@ release: include.zip json.tar.xz
 # clean up
 clean:
 	rm -fr fuzz fuzz-testing *.dSYM tests/*.dSYM
+	rm -fr benchmarks/files/numbers/*.json
 	rm -fr cmake-build-benchmarks fuzz-testing cmake-build-pvs-studio release_files
 	$(MAKE) clean -Cdocs

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/nlohmann/json/badge.svg?branch=develop)](https://coveralls.io/github/nlohmann/json?branch=develop)
 [![Coverity Scan Build Status](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/5550/badge.svg)](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/nlohmann-json)
 [![Codacy Badge](https://app.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/e0d1a9d5d6fd46fcb655c4cb930bb3e8)](https://app.codacy.com/gh/nlohmann/json/dashboard?utm_source=gh&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=&utm_campaign=Badge_grade)
+[![Cirrus CI](https://api.cirrus-ci.com/github/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://cirrus-ci.com/github/nlohmann/json)
 [![Fuzzing Status](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/json.svg)](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?sort=-opened&can=1&q=proj:json)
 [![Try online](https://img.shields.io/badge/try-online-blue.svg)](https://wandbox.org/permlink/1mp10JbaANo6FUc7)
 [![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-mkdocs-blue.svg)](https://json.nlohmann.me)
 [![GitHub license](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg)](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nlohmann/json/develop/LICENSE.MIT)
 [![GitHub Releases](https://img.shields.io/github/release/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/releases)
-[![Packaging status](https://repology.org/badge/tiny-repos/nlohmann-json.svg)](https://repology.org/project/nlohmann-json/versions)
 [![GitHub Downloads](https://img.shields.io/github/downloads/nlohmann/json/total)](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/releases)
 [![GitHub Issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues)
 [![Average time to resolve an issue](https://isitmaintained.com/badge/resolution/nlohmann/json.svg)](https://isitmaintained.com/project/nlohmann/json "Average time to resolve an issue")
@@ -1394,7 +1394,7 @@ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR I
 - The class contains a slightly modified version of the Grisu2 algorithm from Florian Loitsch which is licensed under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (see above). Copyright &copy; 2009 [Florian Loitsch](https://florian.loitsch.com/)
 - The class contains a copy of [Hedley](https://nemequ.github.io/hedley/) from Evan Nemerson which is licensed as [CC0-1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).
 - The class contains parts of [Google Abseil](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp) which is licensed under the [Apache 2.0 License](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0).
- The class contains an adapted version of the Eisel-Lemire algorithm, its table of powers of five, and its digit comparison for long numbers from [fast_float](https://github.com/fastfloat/fast_float) by Daniel Lemire and contributors, which is available under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (used here), the Apache 2.0 License, and the Boost Software License. Copyright &copy; 2021 The fast_float authors
+- The class contains an adapted version of the Eisel-Lemire algorithm and its table of powers of five from [fast_float](https://github.com/fastfloat/fast_float) by Daniel Lemire and contributors, which is available under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) (used here), the Apache 2.0 License, and the Boost Software License. Copyright &copy; 2021 The fast_float authors

 <img align="right" src="https://git.fsfe.org/reuse/reuse-ci/raw/branch/master/reuse-horizontal.png" alt="REUSE Software">

@@ -8,24 +8,24 @@ set(N 10)
 include(FindPython3)
 find_package(Python3 COMPONENTS Interpreter)

-find_program(CLANG_TOOL NAMES clang++-HEAD clang++ clang++-22 clang++-21 clang++-20 clang++-19 clang++-18 clang++-17 clang++-16 clang++-15 clang++-14 clang++-13 clang++-12 clang++-11 clang++)
+find_program(CLANG_TOOL NAMES clang++-HEAD clang++ clang++-20 clang++-19 clang++-18 clang++-17 clang++-16 clang++-15 clang++-14 clang++-13 clang++-12 clang++-11 clang++)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${CLANG_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE CLANG_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE CLANG_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" CLANG_TOOL_VERSION "${CLANG_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 Clang ${CLANG_TOOL_VERSION} (${CLANG_TOOL})")

-find_program(CLANG_TIDY_TOOL NAMES clang-tidy-22 clang-tidy-21 clang-tidy-20 clang-tidy-19 clang-tidy-18 clang-tidy-17 clang-tidy-16 clang-tidy-15 clang-tidy-14 clang-tidy-13 clang-tidy-12 clang-tidy-11 clang-tidy)
+find_program(CLANG_TIDY_TOOL NAMES clang-tidy-20 clang-tidy-19 clang-tidy-18 clang-tidy-17 clang-tidy-16 clang-tidy-15 clang-tidy-14 clang-tidy-13 clang-tidy-12 clang-tidy-11 clang-tidy)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION "${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 Clang-Tidy ${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION} (${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL})")

 message(STATUS "🔖 CMake ${CMAKE_VERSION} (${CMAKE_COMMAND})")

-find_program(GCC_TOOL NAMES g++-latest g++-HEAD g++ g++-16 g++-15 g++-14 g++-13 g++-12 g++-11 g++-10)
+find_program(GCC_TOOL NAMES g++-latest g++-HEAD g++ g++-15 g++-14 g++-13 g++-12 g++-11 g++-10)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${GCC_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE GCC_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" GCC_TOOL_VERSION "${GCC_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 GCC ${GCC_TOOL_VERSION} (${GCC_TOOL})")

-find_program(GCOV_TOOL NAMES gcov-HEAD gcov gcov-16 gcov-15 gcov-14 gcov-13 gcov-12 gcov-11 gcov-10)
+find_program(GCOV_TOOL NAMES gcov-HEAD gcov gcov-15 gcov-14 gcov-13 gcov-12 gcov-11 gcov-10)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${GCOV_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCOV_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE GCOV_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" GCOV_TOOL_VERSION "${GCOV_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 GCOV ${GCOV_TOOL_VERSION} (${GCOV_TOOL})")
@@ -40,14 +40,6 @@ execute_process(COMMAND ${IWYU_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE IWYU_TOOL_VERSION
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" IWYU_TOOL_VERSION "${IWYU_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 include-what-you-use ${IWYU_TOOL_VERSION} (${IWYU_TOOL})")

-# CMake's CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE launcher runs IWYU during the normal compile step (useful to see
-# diagnostics inline), but CMake's own __run_co_compile wrapper does not propagate the launched
-# tool's exit code to the build, so IWYU's own "-Xiwyu --error" cannot fail that step (verified: a
-# deliberately-unused #include in a header still lets `cmake --build` finish with exit code 0).
-# iwyu_tool.py, which ships with IWYU, reads compile_commands.json and does return a non-zero exit
-# code for any analyzed file with findings; ci_single_binaries uses it to actually fail on findings.
-find_program(IWYU_TOOL_PY NAMES iwyu_tool iwyu_tool.py iwyu-tool)
-
 find_program(INFER_TOOL NAMES infer)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${INFER_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE INFER_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE INFER_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" INFER_TOOL_VERSION "${INFER_TOOL_VERSION}")
@@ -63,6 +55,12 @@ execute_process(COMMAND ${NINJA_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE NINJA_TOOL_VERSI
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" NINJA_TOOL_VERSION "${NINJA_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 Ninja ${NINJA_TOOL_VERSION} (${NINJA_TOOL})")

+find_program(OCLINT_TOOL NAMES oclint-json-compilation-database)
+find_program(OCLINT_VERSION_TOOL NAMES oclint)
+execute_process(COMMAND ${OCLINT_VERSION_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE OCLINT_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE OCLINT_TOOL_VERSION)
+string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" OCLINT_TOOL_VERSION "${OCLINT_TOOL_VERSION}")
+message(STATUS "🔖 OCLint ${OCLINT_TOOL_VERSION} (${OCLINT_TOOL})")
+
 find_program(VALGRIND_TOOL NAMES valgrind)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${VALGRIND_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE VALGRIND_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE VALGRIND_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" VALGRIND_TOOL_VERSION "${VALGRIND_TOOL_VERSION}")
@@ -130,16 +128,16 @@ foreach(CXX_STANDARD 11 14 17 20 23 26)
        COMMENT "Compile and test with Clang for C++${CXX_STANDARD}"
    )

-    # pass -stdlib=libc++ through CXXFLAGS: an explicit -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS would make CMake ignore CXXFLAGS
    add_custom_target(ci_test_clang_libcxx_cxx${CXX_STANDARD}
-        COMMAND CXX=${CLANG_TOOL} CXXFLAGS="${CLANG_CXXFLAGS};-stdlib=libc++" ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
+        COMMAND CXX=${CLANG_TOOL} CXXFLAGS="${CLANG_CXXFLAGS}" ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -GNinja
            -DJSON_BuildTests=ON -DJSON_FastTests=ON
            -DJSON_TestStandards=${CXX_STANDARD}
+            -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-stdlib=libc++"
            -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="-lc++abi"
-            -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_libcxx_cxx${CXX_STANDARD}
-        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_libcxx_cxx${CXX_STANDARD}
-        COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_libcxx_cxx${CXX_STANDARD} && ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} --parallel ${N} --output-on-failure
+            -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_cxx${CXX_STANDARD}
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_cxx${CXX_STANDARD}
+        COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_cxx${CXX_STANDARD} && ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} --parallel ${N} --output-on-failure
        COMMENT "Compile and test with Clang for C++${CXX_STANDARD} (libc++)"
    )
 endforeach()
@@ -278,20 +276,6 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_disableenumserialization
    COMMENT "Compile and test with enum serialization disabled"
 )

-###############################################################################
-# Disable conversion from a one-element tuple of a JSON reference.
-###############################################################################
-
-add_custom_target(ci_test_disabletuplereferenceconversion
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
-    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -GNinja
-    -DJSON_BuildTests=ON -DJSON_FastTests=ON -DJSON_DisableTupleReferenceConversion=ON
-    -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_disabletuplereferenceconversion
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_disabletuplereferenceconversion
-    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_disabletuplereferenceconversion && ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} --parallel ${N} --output-on-failure
-    COMMENT "Compile and test with tuple reference conversion disabled"
-)
-
 ###############################################################################
 # Skip the multiple-inclusion library version check.
 ###############################################################################
@@ -378,20 +362,13 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_clang_sanitizer
 # Check if header is amalgamated and sources are properly indented.
 ###############################################################################

-# Same file set as .github/workflows/check_amalgamation.yml, so a direct push to develop/master/release/*
-# (which only this CMake target checks, not the pull_request-only workflow) is held to the same standard.
 file(GLOB_RECURSE INDENT_FILES
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.hpp
+    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/nlohmann/*.hpp
+        ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/src/*.cpp
+        ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/src/*.hpp
+        ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/benchmarks/src/benchmarks.cpp
    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cu
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/*.hpp
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/*.cpp
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/*.cu
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.hpp
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.cpp
-    ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/*.cu
 )
-list(FILTER INDENT_FILES EXCLUDE REGEX "/tests/thirdparty/|/tests/abi/include/nlohmann/")

 set(include_dir ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/single_include/nlohmann)
 set(tool_dir ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/tools/amalgamate)
@@ -400,7 +377,6 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_amalgamation
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json.hpp ${include_dir}/json.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp~
    COMMAND cp ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp~
-    COMMAND cp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel~

    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -mvenv venv_astyle
    COMMAND venv_astyle/bin/pip3 --quiet install -r ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/tools/astyle/requirements.txt
@@ -410,18 +386,16 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_amalgamation
    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} ${tool_dir}/amalgamate.py -c ${tool_dir}/config_json_fwd.json -s .
    COMMAND cp ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/nlohmann/json_literals.hpp ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp
    COMMAND venv_astyle/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=none ${include_dir}/json.hpp ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -P ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/scripts/gen_bazel_build_file.cmake

    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json.hpp
    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_fwd.hpp
    COMMAND diff ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp~ ${include_dir}/json_literals.hpp
-    COMMAND diff ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel~ ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/BUILD.bazel

    COMMAND venv_astyle/bin/astyle --project=tools/astyle/.astylerc --suffix=orig ${INDENT_FILES}
    COMMAND for FILE in `find . -name '*.orig'`\; do false \; done

    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}
-    COMMENT "Check amalgamation, formatting, and BUILD.bazel"
+    COMMENT "Check amalgamation and indentation"
 )

 ###############################################################################
@@ -456,14 +430,14 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_valgrind
 # Check code with Clang Static Analyzer.
 ###############################################################################

-set(CLANG_ANALYZER_CHECKS "nullability.NullableDereferenced,nullability.NullablePassedToNonnull,nullability.NullableReturnedFromNonnull,optin.cplusplus.UninitializedObject,optin.cplusplus.VirtualCall,optin.performance.Padding,optin.portability.UnixAPI,security.FloatLoopCounter,security.insecureAPI.DeprecatedOrUnsafeBufferHandling,security.insecureAPI.bcmp,security.insecureAPI.bcopy,security.insecureAPI.bzero,security.insecureAPI.rand,security.insecureAPI.strcpy,valist.CopyToSelf,valist.Uninitialized,valist.Unterminated,core.CallAndMessage,core.DivideZero,core.NonNullParamChecker,core.NullDereference,core.StackAddressEscape,core.UndefinedBinaryOperatorResult,core.VLASize,core.uninitialized.ArraySubscript,core.uninitialized.Assign,core.uninitialized.Branch,core.uninitialized.CapturedBlockVariable,core.uninitialized.UndefReturn,cplusplus.InnerPointer,cplusplus.Move,cplusplus.NewDelete,cplusplus.NewDeleteLeaks,cplusplus.PlacementNew,cplusplus.PureVirtualCall,deadcode.DeadStores,nullability.NullPassedToNonnull,nullability.NullReturnedFromNonnull,security.insecureAPI.UncheckedReturn,security.insecureAPI.decodeValueOfObjCType,security.insecureAPI.getpw,security.insecureAPI.gets,security.insecureAPI.mkstemp,security.insecureAPI.mktemp,security.insecureAPI.vfork,unix.API,unix.Malloc,unix.MallocSizeof,unix.MismatchedDeallocator,unix.Vfork,unix.cstring.BadSizeArg,unix.cstring.NullArg")
+set(CLANG_ANALYZER_CHECKS "fuchsia.HandleChecker,nullability.NullableDereferenced,nullability.NullablePassedToNonnull,nullability.NullableReturnedFromNonnull,optin.cplusplus.UninitializedObject,optin.cplusplus.VirtualCall,optin.mpi.MPI-Checker,optin.osx.OSObjectCStyleCast,optin.osx.cocoa.localizability.EmptyLocalizationContextChecker,optin.osx.cocoa.localizability.NonLocalizedStringChecker,optin.performance.GCDAntipattern,optin.performance.Padding,optin.portability.UnixAPI,security.FloatLoopCounter,security.insecureAPI.DeprecatedOrUnsafeBufferHandling,security.insecureAPI.bcmp,security.insecureAPI.bcopy,security.insecureAPI.bzero,security.insecureAPI.rand,security.insecureAPI.strcpy,valist.CopyToSelf,valist.Uninitialized,valist.Unterminated,webkit.NoUncountedMemberChecker,webkit.RefCntblBaseVirtualDtor,core.CallAndMessage,core.DivideZero,core.NonNullParamChecker,core.NullDereference,core.StackAddressEscape,core.UndefinedBinaryOperatorResult,core.VLASize,core.uninitialized.ArraySubscript,core.uninitialized.Assign,core.uninitialized.Branch,core.uninitialized.CapturedBlockVariable,core.uninitialized.UndefReturn,cplusplus.InnerPointer,cplusplus.Move,cplusplus.NewDelete,cplusplus.NewDeleteLeaks,cplusplus.PlacementNew,cplusplus.PureVirtualCall,deadcode.DeadStores,nullability.NullPassedToNonnull,nullability.NullReturnedFromNonnull,osx.API,osx.MIG,osx.NumberObjectConversion,osx.OSObjectRetainCount,osx.ObjCProperty,osx.SecKeychainAPI,osx.cocoa.AtSync,osx.cocoa.AutoreleaseWrite,osx.cocoa.ClassRelease,osx.cocoa.Dealloc,osx.cocoa.IncompatibleMethodTypes,osx.cocoa.Loops,osx.cocoa.MissingSuperCall,osx.cocoa.NSAutoreleasePool,osx.cocoa.NSError,osx.cocoa.NilArg,osx.cocoa.NonNilReturnValue,osx.cocoa.ObjCGenerics,osx.cocoa.RetainCount,osx.cocoa.RunLoopAutoreleaseLeak,osx.cocoa.SelfInit,osx.cocoa.SuperDealloc,osx.cocoa.UnusedIvars,osx.cocoa.VariadicMethodTypes,osx.coreFoundation.CFError,osx.coreFoundation.CFNumber,osx.coreFoundation.CFRetainRelease,osx.coreFoundation.containers.OutOfBounds,osx.coreFoundation.containers.PointerSizedValues,security.insecureAPI.UncheckedReturn,security.insecureAPI.decodeValueOfObjCType,security.insecureAPI.getpw,security.insecureAPI.gets,security.insecureAPI.mkstemp,security.insecureAPI.mktemp,security.insecureAPI.vfork,unix.API,unix.Malloc,unix.MallocSizeof,unix.MismatchedDeallocator,unix.Vfork,unix.cstring.BadSizeArg,unix.cstring.NullArg")

 add_custom_target(ci_clang_analyze
    COMMAND CXX=${CLANG_TOOL} ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -GNinja
        -DJSON_BuildTests=ON
        -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_analyze
-    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_analyze && ${SCAN_BUILD_TOOL} -enable-checker ${CLANG_ANALYZER_CHECKS} --use-c++=${CLANG_TOOL} --use-analyzer=${CLANG_TOOL} -analyze-headers --status-bugs -o ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/report ninja
+    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_clang_analyze && ${SCAN_BUILD_TOOL} -enable-checker ${CLANG_ANALYZER_CHECKS} --use-c++=${CLANG_TOOL} -analyze-headers -o ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/report ninja
    COMMENT "Check code with Clang Analyzer"
 )

@@ -479,7 +453,7 @@ add_custom_target(ci_cppcheck
    COMMAND venv_cppcheck/bin/cppcheck --enable=warning --check-level=exhaustive --inline-suppr --inconclusive --force
            --std=c++11 ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/nlohmann/json.hpp -I ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include
            --error-exitcode=1 --relative-paths=${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -j ${N} --include=default_defines.hpp
-            --cppcheck-build-dir=cppcheck
+            --cppcheck-build-dir=cppcheck --check-level=exhaustive
            -UJSON_CATCH_USER -UJSON_TRY_USER -UJSON_ASSERT -UJSON_INTERNAL_CATCH -UJSON_THROW
            -DJSON_HAS_CPP_11 -UJSON_HAS_CPP_14 -UJSON_HAS_CPP_17 -UJSON_HAS_CPP_20 -UJSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON
    COMMENT "Check code with Cppcheck"
@@ -497,6 +471,34 @@ add_custom_target(ci_cpplint
    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
 )

+###############################################################################
+# Check code with OCLint.
+###############################################################################
+
+file(COPY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp DESTINATION ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/src_single)
+file(RENAME ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/src_single/json.hpp ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/src_single/all.cpp)
+file(APPEND "${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/src_single/all.cpp" "\n\nint main()\n{}\n")
+
+add_executable(single_all ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/src_single/all.cpp)
+target_compile_features(single_all PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
+
+add_custom_target(ci_oclint
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
+        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
+        -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON
+        -DJSON_BuildTests=OFF -DJSON_CI=ON
+        -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_oclint
+    COMMAND ${OCLINT_TOOL} -i ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_oclint/src_single/all.cpp -p ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_oclint --
+        -report-type html -enable-global-analysis --max-priority-1=0 --max-priority-2=1000 --max-priority-3=2000
+        --disable-rule=MultipleUnaryOperator
+        --disable-rule=DoubleNegative
+        --disable-rule=ShortVariableName
+        --disable-rule=GotoStatement
+        --disable-rule=LongLine
+        -o ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_oclint/oclint_report.html
+    COMMENT "Check code with OCLint"
+)
+
 ###############################################################################
 # Check code with Clang-Tidy.
 ###############################################################################
@@ -511,16 +513,29 @@ add_custom_target(ci_clang_tidy
    COMMENT "Check code with Clang-Tidy"
 )

+###############################################################################
+# Check code with PVS-Studio Analyzer <https://www.viva64.com/en/pvs-studio/>.
+###############################################################################
+
+add_custom_target(ci_pvs_studio
+    COMMAND CXX=${CLANG_TOOL} ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
+        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
+        -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON
+        -DJSON_BuildTests=ON
+        -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_pvs_studio
+    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_pvs_studio && ${PVS_STUDIO_ANALYZER_TOOL} analyze -j 10
+    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_pvs_studio && ${PLOG_CONVERTER_TOOL} -a'GA:1,2;64:1;CS' -t fullhtml PVS-Studio.log -o pvs
+    COMMENT "Check code with PVS Studio"
+)
+
 ###############################################################################
 # Check code with Infer <https://fbinfer.com> static analyzer.
 ###############################################################################

-# .inferconfig (repository root) pins --fail-on-issue and the currently-triaged issue types that
-# are disabled until they are addressed separately; see #5715 item 4b.
 add_custom_target(ci_infer
    COMMAND mkdir -p ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_infer
    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_infer && ${INFER_TOOL} compile -- ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -DJSON_BuildTests=ON
-    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_infer && ${INFER_TOOL} run --project-root ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -- make
+    COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_infer && ${INFER_TOOL} run -- make
    COMMENT "Check code with Infer"
 )

@@ -576,13 +591,7 @@ add_custom_target(ci_reproducible_tests
 # be compiled individually.
 ###############################################################################

-set(iwyu_options -Xiwyu --error -Xiwyu --max_line_length=300)
-set(iwyu_path_and_options ${IWYU_TOOL} ${iwyu_options})
-
-# CMake needs to know the exact flags used to compile each src_single/*.cpp below to hand them to
-# iwyu_tool.py; JSON_CI already implies a from-scratch configure, so enabling this project-wide has
-# no downside here.
-set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
+set(iwyu_path_and_options ${IWYU_TOOL} -Xiwyu --max_line_length=300)

 foreach(SRC_FILE ${SRC_FILES})
    # get relative path of the header file
@@ -597,34 +606,14 @@ foreach(SRC_FILE ${SRC_FILES})
    target_include_directories(single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PRIVATE ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
    target_compile_features(single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PRIVATE cxx_std_11)
    set_property(TARGET single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE} PROPERTY CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE "${iwyu_path_and_options}")
-    # remember binary for ci_single_binaries
+    # remember binary for ci_single_binaries target
    list(APPEND single_binaries single_${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE})
-    # json.hpp pulls together the whole library behind heavily templated, SFINAE-based code, and
-    # IWYU's suggestion for its one truly ambiguous symbol (a container-comparison "swap,
-    # operator!=") is not deterministic between runs (observed <set>, <unordered_map>, and <map>
-    # for the exact same source across otherwise-identical local and containerized builds). Keep
-    # reporting its diagnostics (informational, via CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE above) but exclude it
-    # from the hard gate below so a fresh IWYU/compiler combination does not fail this target on a
-    # nondeterministic suggestion for a header that already re-exports everything on purpose.
-    if(NOT RELATIVE_SRC_FILE STREQUAL "json")
-        list(APPEND single_binaries_tus src_single/${RELATIVE_SRC_FILE}.cpp)
-    endif()
 endforeach()

-if(IWYU_TOOL_PY)
-    add_custom_target(ci_single_binaries
-        DEPENDS ${single_binaries}
-        COMMAND ${IWYU_TOOL_PY} -p ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR} ${single_binaries_tus} -- ${iwyu_options}
-        COMMENT "Check if headers are self-contained"
-    )
-else()
-    # iwyu_tool.py (ships with IWYU, e.g. as /usr/bin/iwyu_tool on Debian/Ubuntu) was not found;
-    # fall back to building the self-containment check without enforcing the IWYU findings.
-    add_custom_target(ci_single_binaries
-        DEPENDS ${single_binaries}
-        COMMENT "Check if headers are self-contained"
-    )
-endif()
+add_custom_target(ci_single_binaries
+    DEPENDS ${single_binaries}
+    COMMENT "Check if headers are self-contained"
+)

 ###############################################################################
 # Benchmarks
@@ -646,41 +635,21 @@ add_custom_target(ci_benchmarks
 # we test the project with different CMake versions:
 # - CMake 3.5 (the earliest supported)
 # - CMake 3.31.6 (the latest 3.x release)
-# - CMake 4.0.0 (the first 4.x release)
-# - the CMake version running this build (usually the latest release)
+# - CMake 4.0.0 (the latest release)

 function(ci_get_cmake version var)
    set(${var} ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake-${version}/bin/cmake)
-    if(CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Linux" AND CMAKE_HOST_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "^(x86_64|amd64)$")
-        # Kitware publishes a prebuilt Linux x86_64 archive for every release; unpacking it is far
-        # cheaper than compiling all of CMake (including its own test helpers) from source.
-        add_custom_command(
-            OUTPUT ${${var}}
-            COMMAND wget -nc https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${version}/cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
-            COMMAND wget -nc https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${version}/cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt
-            # verify the archive against Kitware's published SHA-256 sums before unpacking it
-            COMMAND sh -c "grep ' cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64[.]tar[.]gz$' cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt | sha256sum -c -"
-            COMMAND tar xfz cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
-            COMMAND rm cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64.tar.gz cmake-${version}-SHA-256.txt
-            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E rm -rf cmake-${version}
-            COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E rename cmake-${version}-linux-x86_64 cmake-${version}
-            WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
-            COMMENT "Download prebuilt CMake ${version}"
-        )
-    else()
-        # no prebuilt archive for this platform (e.g. macOS or Linux aarch64): build from source
-        add_custom_command(
-            OUTPUT ${${var}}
-            COMMAND wget -nc https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${version}/cmake-${version}.tar.gz
-            COMMAND tar xfz cmake-${version}.tar.gz
-            COMMAND rm cmake-${version}.tar.gz
-            # -DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5 required to compile older CMake versions with CMake 4.0.0
-            COMMAND cmake -S cmake-${version} -B cmake-${version} -DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5
-            COMMAND cmake --build cmake-${version} --parallel 10
-            WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
-            COMMENT "Download and build CMake ${version} from source"
-        )
-    endif()
+    add_custom_command(
+        OUTPUT ${${var}}
+        COMMAND wget -nc https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v${version}/cmake-${version}.tar.gz
+        COMMAND tar xfz cmake-${version}.tar.gz
+        COMMAND rm cmake-${version}.tar.gz
+        # -DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5 required to compile older CMake versions with CMake 4.0.0
+        COMMAND cmake -S cmake-${version} -B cmake-${version} -DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5
+        COMMAND cmake --build cmake-${version} --parallel 10
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
+        COMMENT "Download CMake ${version}"
+    )
    set(${var} ${${var}} PARENT_SCOPE)
 endfunction()

@@ -690,24 +659,30 @@ ci_get_cmake(4.0.0  CMAKE_4_0_0_BINARY)

 # the tests require CMake 3.13 or later, so they are excluded for CMake 3.5.0
 set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_5_0 JSON_Diagnostics JSON_Diagnostic_Positions JSON_GlobalUDLs JSON_ImplicitConversions JSON_DisableEnumSerialization
-    JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison JSON_Install JSON_MultipleHeaders JSON_SystemInclude JSON_Valgrind
-    JSON_StrictNulHandling)
-set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_31_6 JSON_BuildTests ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_5_0})
+    JSON_LegacyDiscardedValueComparison JSON_Install JSON_MultipleHeaders JSON_SystemInclude JSON_Valgrind)
+set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_31_6 JSON_BuildTests ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_31_6})
 set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_4_0_0 JSON_BuildTests ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_3_5_0})

 function(ci_add_cmake_flags_targets flag min_version)
    string(TOLOWER "ci_cmake_flag_${flag}" flag_target)
    string(REPLACE . _ min_version_var ${min_version})
    set(cmake_binary ${CMAKE_${min_version_var}_BINARY})
+    add_custom_target(${flag_target}_${min_version}_2
+        COMMENT "Check CMake flag ${flag} (CMake ${CMAKE_VERSION})"
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
+            -Werror=dev
+            -D${flag}=ON
+            -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target}
+    )
    add_custom_target(${flag_target}_${min_version_var}
-        COMMENT "Check CMake flag ${flag} (CMake ${min_version})"
+        COMMENT "Check CMake flag ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG} (CMake ${min_version})"
        COMMAND mkdir -pv ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target}_${min_version_var}
        COMMAND cd ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target}_${min_version_var}
            && ${cmake_binary} -Werror=dev ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -D${flag}=ON
        DEPENDS ${cmake_binary}
    )
-    list(APPEND JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGETS ${flag_target}_${min_version_var})
-    list(APPEND JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target}_${min_version_var})
+    list(APPEND JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGETS ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGET} ${flag_target}_${min_version_var})
+    list(APPEND JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target} ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target}_${min_version_var})
    set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGETS ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGETS} PARENT_SCOPE)
    set(JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS} PARENT_SCOPE)
 endfunction()
@@ -724,20 +699,6 @@ foreach(JSON_CMAKE_FLAG ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_4_0_0})
    ci_add_cmake_flags_targets(${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG} 4.0.0)
 endforeach()

-# check the same flags with the CMake version running this build
-foreach(JSON_CMAKE_FLAG ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAGS_4_0_0})
-    string(TOLOWER "ci_cmake_flag_${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG}" flag_target)
-    add_custom_target(${flag_target}
-        COMMENT "Check CMake flag ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG} (CMake ${CMAKE_VERSION})"
-        COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
-            -Werror=dev
-            -D${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG}=ON
-            -S${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} -B${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target}
-    )
-    list(APPEND JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGETS ${flag_target})
-    list(APPEND JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_${flag_target})
-endforeach()
-
 add_custom_target(ci_cmake_flags
    DEPENDS ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_TARGETS}
    COMMENT "Check CMake flags"
@@ -891,11 +852,17 @@ add_custom_target(ci_test_build_documentation
    COMMENT "Build the documentation"
 )

+add_custom_target(ci_test_documentation_mermaid
+    COMMAND make check_mermaid
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/mkdocs
+    COMMENT "Check the Mermaid diagrams of the documentation"
+)
+
 ###############################################################################
 # Clean up all generated files.
 ###############################################################################

 add_custom_target(ci_clean
-    COMMAND rm -fr ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_* ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake-3.5.0 ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake-3.31.6 ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake-4.0.0 ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS} ${single_binaries}
+    COMMAND rm -fr ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/build_* cmake-3.5.0-Darwin64 ${JSON_CMAKE_FLAG_BUILD_DIRS} ${single_binaries}
    COMMENT "Clean generated directories"
 )
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # -Wno-c++98-compat               The library targets C++11.
 # -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic      The library targets C++11.
 # -Wno-deprecated-declarations    The library contains annotations for deprecated functions.
+# -Wno-extra-semi-stmt            The library uses assert which triggers this warning.
 # -Wno-padded                     We do not care about padding warnings.
 # -Wno-covered-switch-default     All switches list all cases and a default case.
 # -Wno-c2y-extensions             Clang 22.1 diagnoses __COUNTER__ as a C2y extension, also in
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ set(CLANG_CXXFLAGS
    -Wno-c++98-compat
    -Wno-c++98-compat-pedantic
    -Wno-deprecated-declarations
+    -Wno-extra-semi-stmt
    -Wno-padded
    -Wno-covered-switch-default
    -Wno-c2y-extensions
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Warning flags determined for GCC 16.2.0 with https://github.com/nlohmann/gcc_flags:
+# Warning flags determined for GCC 15.1.0 with https://github.com/nlohmann/gcc_flags:
 # Ignored GCC warnings:
 # -Wno-abi-tag           We do not care about ABI tags.
 # -Wno-aggregate-return  The library uses aggregate returns.
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    --extra-warnings
    -W
    -WNSObject-attribute
-    -Wabbreviated-auto-in-template-arg
-    -Wabi
    -Wno-abi-tag
    -Waddress
    -Waddress-of-packed-member
@@ -66,7 +64,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wanalyzer-tainted-divisor
    -Wanalyzer-tainted-offset
    -Wanalyzer-tainted-size
-    -Wanalyzer-throw-of-unexpected-type
    -Wanalyzer-too-complex
    -Wanalyzer-undefined-behavior-ptrdiff
    -Wanalyzer-undefined-behavior-strtok
@@ -83,13 +80,10 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Warith-conversion
    -Warray-bounds=2
    -Warray-compare
-    -Warray-parameter
    -Warray-parameter=2
    -Wattribute-alias=2
    -Wattribute-warning
    -Wattributes
-    -Wauto-profile
-    -Wbidi-chars=any
    -Wbool-compare
    -Wbool-operation
    -Wbuiltin-declaration-mismatch
@@ -105,7 +99,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wc++20-compat
    -Wc++20-extensions
    -Wc++23-extensions
-    -Wc++26-compat
    -Wc++26-extensions
    -Wc++2a-compat
    -Wcalloc-transposed-args
@@ -149,7 +142,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wdeprecated-enum-enum-conversion
    -Wdeprecated-enum-float-conversion
    -Wdeprecated-literal-operator
-    -Wdeprecated-openmp
    -Wdeprecated-variadic-comma-omission
    -Wdisabled-optimization
    -Wdiv-by-zero
@@ -164,18 +156,21 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wenum-conversion
    -Wexceptions
    -Wexpansion-to-defined
-    -Wexperimental-fmv-target
-    -Wexpose-global-module-tu-local
-    -Wexternal-tu-local
    -Wextra
    -Wextra-semi
    -Wflex-array-member-not-at-end
    -Wfloat-conversion
    -Wfloat-equal
-    -Wformat-diag
-    -Wformat-overflow=2
-    -Wformat-signedness
-    -Wformat-truncation=2
+    -Wformat -Wformat-contains-nul
+    -Wformat -Wformat-diag
+    -Wformat -Wformat-extra-args
+    -Wformat -Wformat-nonliteral
+    -Wformat -Wformat-overflow=2
+    -Wformat -Wformat-security
+    -Wformat -Wformat-signedness
+    -Wformat -Wformat-truncation=2
+    -Wformat -Wformat-y2k
+    -Wformat -Wformat-zero-length
    -Wformat=2
    -Wframe-address
    -Wfree-nonheap-object
@@ -202,8 +197,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Winvalid-offsetof
    -Winvalid-pch
    -Winvalid-utf8
-    -Wkeyword-macro
-    -Wleading-whitespace=spaces
    -Wliteral-suffix
    -Wlogical-not-parentheses
    -Wlogical-op
@@ -234,7 +227,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wnarrowing
    -Wnoexcept
    -Wnoexcept-type
-    -Wnon-c-typedef-for-linkage
    -Wnon-template-friend
    -Wnon-virtual-dtor
    -Wnonnull
@@ -277,8 +269,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wscalar-storage-order
    -Wself-move
    -Wsequence-point
-    -Wsfinae-incomplete
-    -Wsfinae-incomplete=2
    -Wshadow=compatible-local
    -Wshadow=global
    -Wshadow=local
@@ -299,7 +289,6 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wstrict-aliasing=3
    -Wstrict-null-sentinel
    -Wstrict-overflow
-    -Wstrict-overflow=5
    -Wstring-compare
    -Wstringop-overflow
    -Wstringop-overflow=4
@@ -344,8 +333,8 @@ set(GCC_CXXFLAGS
    -Wunreachable-code
    -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations
    -Wunused
-    -Wunused-but-set-parameter=3
-    -Wunused-but-set-variable=3
+    -Wunused-but-set-parameter
+    -Wunused-but-set-variable
    -Wunused-const-variable=2
    -Wunused-function
    -Wunused-label
@@ -11,31 +11,20 @@ EXAMPLES = $(wildcard mkdocs/docs/examples/*.cpp)

 cxx_standard = $(lastword c++11 $(filter c++%, $(subst ., ,$1)))

-# common compile flags for the stand-alone example files
-EXAMPLE_CPPFLAGS = -I $(SRCDIR) -DJSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS=0
-EXAMPLE_WARNFLAGS = -Werror=deprecated-declarations
-
-# examples that document deprecated API and are allowed to use it
-DEPRECATED_EXAMPLES = $(addprefix mkdocs/docs/examples/, \
-	json_pointer__operator__equal_stringtype \
-	json_pointer__operator__notequal_stringtype \
-	json_pointer__operator_string_t)
-$(DEPRECATED_EXAMPLES:=.output) $(DEPRECATED_EXAMPLES:=.test): EXAMPLE_WARNFLAGS = -Wno-deprecated-declarations
-
 # create output from a stand-alone example file
 %.output: %.cpp
-	@echo "standard $(call cxx_standard,$(<:.cpp=))"
+	@echo "standard $(call cxx_standard $(<:.cpp=))"
 	$(MAKE) $(<:.cpp=) \
-		CPPFLAGS="$(EXAMPLE_CPPFLAGS)" \
-		CXXFLAGS="-std=$(call cxx_standard,$(<:.cpp=)) $(EXAMPLE_WARNFLAGS)"
+		CPPFLAGS="-I $(SRCDIR) -DJSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS=0" \
+		CXXFLAGS="-std=$(call cxx_standard,$(<:.cpp=)) -Wno-deprecated-declarations"
 	./$(<:.cpp=) > $@
 	rm $(<:.cpp=)

 # compare created output with current output of the example files
 %.test: %.cpp
 	$(MAKE) $(<:.cpp=) \
-		CPPFLAGS="$(EXAMPLE_CPPFLAGS)" \
-		CXXFLAGS="-std=$(call cxx_standard,$(<:.cpp=)) $(EXAMPLE_WARNFLAGS)"
+		CPPFLAGS="-I $(SRCDIR) -DJSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS=0" \
+		CXXFLAGS="-std=$(call cxx_standard,$(<:.cpp=)) -Wno-deprecated-declarations"
 	./$(<:.cpp=) > $@
 	diff $@ $(<:.cpp=.output)
 	rm $(<:.cpp=) $@
@@ -46,9 +35,10 @@ create_output: $(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.output)
 # check output of all stand-alone example files
 check_output: $(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.test)

-# check output of all stand-alone example files (exclude files with platform-dependent output.)
+# check output of all stand-alone example files (exclude files whose output depends on the platform by nature:
+# library and compiler information, container size limits, and hash values)
 # This target is used in the CI (ci_test_documentation).
-check_output_portable: $(filter-out mkdocs/docs/examples/meta.test mkdocs/docs/examples/max_size.test mkdocs/docs/examples/std_hash.test mkdocs/docs/examples/basic_json__CompatibleType.test,$(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.test))
+check_output_portable: $(filter-out mkdocs/docs/examples/meta.test mkdocs/docs/examples/max_size.test mkdocs/docs/examples/std_hash.test,$(EXAMPLES:.cpp=.test))

 clean:
 	rm -fr $(EXAMPLES:.cpp=)
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
    <key>dashIndexFilePath</key>
    <string>index.html</string>
    <key>DashDocSetFallbackURL</key>
-    <string>https://json.nlohmann.me/</string>
+    <string>https://nlohmann.github.io/json/</string>
    <key>isJavaScriptEnabled</key>
    <true/>
 </dict>
@@ -52,25 +52,35 @@ install_docset_zeal: JSON_for_Modern_C++.docset
 	mkdir -p $$docset_root; \
 	cp -r JSON_for_Modern_C++.docset $$docset_root/

-# both targets below compare the docset search index with the mkdocs page
-# set. They share the same normalization (docs/foo/index.md and
-# docs/foo.md both become foo/index.html, the URL mkdocs itself would
-# give the page; the top-level index.md is excluded, as it is not part
-# of the hand-curated docSet.sql) and use comm(1) on two sorted lists
-# instead of running a sqlite3 query, or an O(n*m) nested shell loop,
-# once per page.
-DOCSET_INDEX_PATHS=$(shell sqlite3 docSet.dsidx "SELECT DISTINCT path FROM searchIndex" | sort)
-DOCSET_PAGE_PATHS=$(shell echo '$(MKDOCS_PAGES)' | tr ' ' '\n' | grep -v '^index\.md$$' | $(SED) -E 's@/index\.md$$@/index.html@; s@\.md$$@/index.html@' | sort)
-
 # list mkdocs pages missing from the docset index
 .PHONY: list_missing_pages
 list_missing_pages: docSet.dsidx
-	@comm -23 <(echo '$(DOCSET_PAGE_PATHS)' | tr ' ' '\n') <(echo '$(DOCSET_INDEX_PATHS)' | tr ' ' '\n')
+	@for page in $(MKDOCS_PAGES); do \
+		case "$$page" in \
+			*/index.md) path=$${page/\/index.md/} ;; \
+			*)          path=$${page/.md/}        ;; \
+		esac; \
+		if [ "x$$page" != "xindex.md" -a "x$$(sqlite3 docSet.dsidx "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM searchIndex WHERE path='$$path/index.html'")" = "x0" ]; then \
+			echo $$page; \
+		fi \
+	done

 # list paths in the docset index without a corresponding mkdocs page
 .PHONY: list_removed_paths
 list_removed_paths: docSet.dsidx
-	@comm -13 <(echo '$(DOCSET_PAGE_PATHS)' | tr ' ' '\n') <(echo '$(DOCSET_INDEX_PATHS)' | tr ' ' '\n')
+	@for path in $$(sqlite3 docSet.dsidx "SELECT path FROM searchIndex"); do \
+		page=$${path/\/index.html/.md}; \
+		page_index=$${path/index.html/index.md}; \
+		page_found=0; \
+		for p in $(MKDOCS_PAGES); do \
+			if [ "x$$p" = "x$$page" -o "x$$p" = "x$$page_index" ]; then \
+				page_found=1; \
+			fi \
+		done; \
+		if [ "x$$page_found" = "x0" ]; then \
+			echo $$path; \
+		fi \
+	done

 .PHONY: clean
 clean:
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@ documentation browsers like [Dash](https://kapeli.com/dash), [Velocity](https://
 The docset can be created with

 ```sh
-make JSON_for_Modern_C++.docset
+make nlohmann_json.docset
 ```

-The generated folder `JSON_for_Modern_C++.docset` can then be opened in the documentation browser. `make all` builds a
-`JSON_for_Modern_C++.tgz` archive instead, and `make install_docset_zeal` installs the docset for Zeal directly.
+The generated folder `nlohmann_json.docset` can then be opened in the documentation browser.

 A recent version is also part of the [Dash user contributions](https://github.com/Kapeli/Dash-User-Contributions/tree/master/docsets/JSON_for_Modern_C%2B%2B).

@@ -10,9 +10,12 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype',
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::byte_container_with_subtype', 'Constructor', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::clear_subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/clear_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::has_subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/has_subtype/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::operator!=', 'Operator', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/operator_ne/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::operator==', 'Operator', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/operator_eq/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::set_subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/set_subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('byte_container_with_subtype::subtype', 'Method', 'api/byte_container_with_subtype/subtype/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json', 'Class', 'api/basic_json/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('format_as', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/format_as/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::accept', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/accept/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::array', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/array/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('basic_json::array_t', 'Type', 'api/basic_json/array_t/index.html');
@@ -132,15 +135,19 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json', 'Class', 'api/json/ind
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer', 'Class', 'api/json_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::back', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/back/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::empty', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/empty/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::front', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::json_pointer', 'Constructor', 'api/json_pointer/json_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator==', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_eq/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator!=', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_ne/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator/', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_slash/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator/=', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_slasheq/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator string_t', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_string_t/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::operator<=>', 'Operator', 'api/json_pointer/operator_spaceship/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::parent_pointer', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/parent_pointer/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::pop_back', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/pop_back/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::pop_front', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/pop_front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::push_back', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/push_back/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::push_front', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/push_front/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::string_t', 'Type', 'api/json_pointer/string_t/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_pointer::to_string', 'Method', 'api/json_pointer/to_string/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('json_sax', 'Class', 'api/json_sax/index.html');
@@ -163,6 +170,7 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('operator<<', 'Operator', 'api
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('operator>>', 'Operator', 'api/operator_gtgt/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('ordered_json', 'Class', 'api/ordered_json/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('ordered_map', 'Class', 'api/ordered_map/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('std::formatter<basic_json>', 'Class', 'api/basic_json/std_formatter/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('std::hash<basic_json>', 'Class', 'api/basic_json/std_hash/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('std::swap<basic_json>', 'Function', 'api/basic_json/std_swap/index.html');

@@ -195,54 +203,81 @@ INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('nlohmann Namespace', 'Guide',
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Types', 'Guide', 'features/types/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Types: Number Handling', 'Guide', 'features/types/number_handling/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Object Order', 'Guide', 'features/object_order/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Performance', 'Guide', 'features/performance/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: JSON Lines', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/json_lines/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: Parser Callbacks', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/parser_callbacks/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: Parsing and Exceptions', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/parse_exceptions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: SAX Interface', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/sax_interface/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Parsing: Untrusted Input', 'Guide', 'features/parsing/untrusted_input/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Runtime Assertions', 'Guide', 'features/assertions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Specializing enum conversion', 'Guide', 'features/enum_conversion/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Supported Macros', 'Guide', 'features/macros/index.html');

 -- Macros
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_ASSERT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_assert/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_brace_init_copy_semantics/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_CATCH_USER', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_throw_user/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_DIAGNOSTICS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_diagnostics/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_diagnostic_positions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_disable_enum_serialization/index.html');
-INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_DISABLE_TUPLE_REFERENCE_CONVERSION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_disable_tuple_reference_conversion/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_11', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_14', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_17', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_20', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_23', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_CPP_26', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_cpp_11/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_filesystem/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_filesystem/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_RANGES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_ranges/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_STATIC_RTTI', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_static_rtti/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_STD_FORMAT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_std_format/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_HAS_THREE_WAY_COMPARISON', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_has_three_way_comparison/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NOEXCEPTION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_noexception/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_no_automatic_udls/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NO_IO', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_no_io/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_NO_THREAD_LOCAL', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_no_thread_local/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_PRECISE_STREAM_POSITION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_precise_stream_position/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_SKIP_LIBRARY_VERSION_CHECK', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_skip_library_version_check/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_SKIP_UNSUPPORTED_COMPILER_CHECK', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_skip_unsupported_compiler_check/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_strict_nul_handling/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_THROW_USER', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_throw_user/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_TRY_USER', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_throw_user/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_global_udls/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_implicit_conversions/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_legacy_discarded_value_comparison/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('JSON_USE_SIMDUTF', 'Macro', 'api/macros/json_use_simdutf/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('Macros', 'Macro', 'api/macros/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_derived_type/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_DERIVED_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_intrusive/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_ONLY_SERIALIZE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_non_intrusive/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_DEFAULT_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_NON_INTRUSIVE_WITH_NAMES', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_define_type_with_names/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace_begin/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace_begin/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_namespace_no_version/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_serialize_enum/index.html');
+INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_serialize_enum_strict/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_version_major/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_version_major/index.html');
 INSERT INTO searchIndex(name, type, path) VALUES ('NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH', 'Macro', 'api/macros/nlohmann_json_version_major/index.html');
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+# The MkDocs 2.0 banners of Material for MkDocs and ProperDocs (via mkdocs-redirects) are printed to stderr, not
+# logged, so they do not affect --strict; silence them anyway.
+export NO_MKDOCS_2_WARNING := true
+export DISABLE_MKDOCS_2_WARNING := true
+
 # serve the site locally
 serve: style_check
 	venv/bin/mkdocs serve
@@ -8,11 +13,17 @@ serve_dirty: style_check
 # This target is used in the CI (ci_test_build_documentation).
 # This target is used by the docset Makefile.
 build: style_check
-	venv/bin/mkdocs build
+	venv/bin/mkdocs build --strict

 style_check:
 	@cd docs ; ../venv/bin/python3 ../scripts/check_structure.py

+# check that all Mermaid diagrams parse (needs Node.js)
+# This target is used in the CI (ci_test_documentation_mermaid).
+check_mermaid:
+	npm ci --prefix scripts/mermaid --ignore-scripts --no-audit --no-fund
+	node scripts/mermaid/check_mermaid.mjs docs
+
 # check the links in the documentation files in docs/mkdocs
 link_check:
 	ENABLED_HTMLPROOFER=true venv/bin/mkdocs build
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (1) reading from a string"

    The example below demonstrates the `accept()` function reading from a string.

@@ -110,6 +110,21 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/accept__string.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: (2) reading from an iterator pair"
+
+    The example below demonstrates the `accept()` function reading from an iterator pair. Only the first call covers
+    exactly the JSON text; the second one also covers the trailing bytes and is therefore rejected.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/accept__iterator_pair.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/accept__iterator_pair.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [parse](parse.md) - deserialize from a compatible input
@@ -137,3 +152,5 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters explained

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `ArrayType` (`std::vector`) and `AllocatorType` (`std::allocator`), the default value for
 `array_t` is:
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ std::vector<
 >
 ```

-#### Limits
+### Limits

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ In this class, the array's limit of nesting is not explicitly constrained. Howev
 introduced by the compiler or runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the
 [`max_size`](max_size.md) function of a JSON array.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Arrays are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to array values, a pointer of type
 `#!cpp array_t*` must be dereferenced.
@@ -67,6 +67,13 @@ Arrays are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to
    --8<-- "examples/array_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
+- [binary_t](binary_t.md) the type used to store binary values
+- [is_array](is_array.md) checks whether the JSON value is an array
+- [max_size](max_size.md) returns the maximum possible number of elements
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -92,6 +92,20 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
 3. Logarithmic in the size of the container.
 4. Logarithmic in the size of the container.

+## Notes
+
+!!! warning "Deprecation"
+
+    Overload (4) also accepts a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md) whose template argument is a `basic_json`
+    specialization (e.g., `nlohmann::json_pointer<nlohmann::json>`) instead of a string type. This is deprecated since
+    version 3.11.0 and will be removed in a future major version; use `basic_json::json_pointer` (for `json`,
+    `nlohmann::json_pointer<std::string>`) instead.
+
+    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
+    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#json-pointers) for how to update existing code.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example "Example: (1) access specified array element with bounds checking"
@@ -99,6 +99,25 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
      elements of the pairs are treated as keys and the second elements are as values.
    3. In all other cases, an array is created.
    
+    The following flowchart also takes into account what happens when `type_deduction` is `#!cpp false`, in which case
+    `manual_type` decides between object and array, and an object can only be forced if `init` actually matches rule 2
+    (or is empty):
+
+    ```mermaid
+    flowchart TD
+        A(["initializer_list init"]) --> B{"empty, or every element is a 2-element<br/>array whose first element is a string?"}
+        B -->|"yes"| C{"type_deduction"}
+        B -->|"no"| D{"type_deduction"}
+        C -->|"true"| OBJ["create object"]
+        C -->|"false"| E{"manual_type"}
+        E -->|"object"| OBJ
+        E -->|"array"| ARR["create array"]
+        D -->|"true"| ARR
+        D -->|"false"| F{"manual_type"}
+        F -->|"array"| ARR
+        F -->|"object"| ERR["throw type_error.301"]
+    ```
+
    The rules aim to create the best fit between a C++ initializer list and JSON values. The rationale is as follows:
    
    1. The empty initializer list is written as `#!cpp {}` which is exactly an empty JSON object.
@@ -159,8 +178,6 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
    - `CompatibleType` is not `basic_json` (to avoid hijacking copy/move constructors),
    - `CompatibleType` is not a different `basic_json` type (i.e. with different template arguments)
    - `CompatibleType` is not a `basic_json` nested type (e.g., `json_pointer`, `iterator`, etc.)
-    - if [`JSON_DISABLE_TUPLE_REFERENCE_CONVERSION`](../macros/json_disable_tuple_reference_conversion.md) is defined
-      to `1`: `CompatibleType` is not a one-element `std::tuple` holding a reference to `basic_json`
    - `json_serializer<U>` (with `U = uncvref_t<CompatibleType>`) has a `to_json(basic_json_t&, CompatibleType&&)`
       method

@@ -171,8 +188,8 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
    - `BasicJsonType` has different template arguments than `basic_json_t`.
    
    **Note:** For cross-`basic_json` conversions to produce correct results, the target `basic_json`'s
-    `object_t::key_type` and `string_t` must be directly constructible from the source `basic_json`'s
-    corresponding types. See the description of overload (4) above for details on what happens when
+    [`object_t`](object_t.md)`::key_type` and [`string_t`](string_t.md) must be directly constructible from the source
+    `basic_json`'s corresponding types. See the description of overload (4) above for details on what happens when
    this requirement is not met.

 `U`:
@@ -347,6 +364,22 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;

    Note the output is platform-dependent.

+??? example "Example: (4) create a JSON value from another `basic_json` specialization"
+
+    The example below shows how a `json` value is converted to an `ordered_json` value and back using the converting
+    constructor. Note how the original insertion order of `oj` is not restored, because it was already given up when
+    converting to `json`, whose `object_t` sorts by key.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/basic_json__BasicJsonType.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/basic_json__BasicJsonType.output"
+    ```
+
 ??? example "Example: (5) create a container (array or object) from an initializer list"

    The example below shows how JSON values are created from initializer lists.
@@ -417,6 +450,15 @@ basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept;
    --8<-- "examples/basic_json__moveconstructor.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [array](array.md) create a JSON array value, forcing array creation from an initializer list even when it looks like
+  an object
+- [object](object.md) create a JSON object value, forcing object creation from an initializer list
+- [binary](binary.md) create a JSON binary array value
+- [operator=](operator=.md) copy assignment operator
+- [Creating JSON values](../../features/creating_values.md) - the article on creating JSON values
+
 ## Version history

 1. Since version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/begin.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [end](end.md) returns an iterator to one past the last element
+- [cbegin](cbegin.md) returns a const iterator to the first element
+- [rbegin](rbegin.md) returns a reverse iterator to the last element
+- [items](items.md) returns an iteration proxy to access keys and values during range-based for loops
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ static basic_json binary(typename binary_t::container_type&& init);

 // (2)
 static basic_json binary(const typename binary_t::container_type& init,
-                         std::uint8_t subtype);
+                         typename binary_t::subtype_type subtype);
 static basic_json binary(typename binary_t::container_type&& init,
-                         std::uint8_t subtype);
+                         typename binary_t::subtype_type subtype);
 ```

 1. Creates a JSON binary array value from a given binary container.
@@ -61,6 +61,15 @@ initialization of a binary array type, for backwards compatibility and so it doe
    --8<-- "examples/binary.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [binary_t](binary_t.md) type for binary values
+- [get_binary](get_binary.md) get a reference to the stored binary value
+- [is_binary](is_binary.md) return whether the value is binary
+- [byte_container_with_subtype](../byte_container_with_subtype/index.md) container for binary values with subtype
+- [Binary Values](../../features/binary_values.md) - the article on binary values
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.8.0.
+- Changed the type of `subtype` from `std::uint8_t` to `binary_t::subtype_type` (`std::uint64_t`) in version 3.10.0.
@@ -48,16 +48,16 @@ represent a byte array in modern C++.

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 The default values for `BinaryType` is `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>`.

-#### Supported byte types
+### Supported byte types

 `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>`, `#!cpp std::vector<char>`, and `#!cpp std::vector<std::byte>` are supported.
 Regardless of which of them is configured, [`dump`](dump.md) writes the bytes as the numbers 0..255.

-#### Custom BinaryType behavior
+### Custom BinaryType behavior

 When a custom `BinaryType` is configured (other than the default `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>`), you can assign
 values of that type directly to a `basic_json` instance, and they will automatically be recognized as binary values
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ assert(extracted == data);
 This automatic type detection is a convenience feature that only applies to custom (non-default) `BinaryType` configurations.
 The default `nlohmann::json` continues to treat `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>` as arrays for backward compatibility.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Binary Arrays are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to array values, a pointer of the
 type `#!cpp binary_t*` must be dereferenced.

-#### Notes on subtypes
+### Notes on subtypes

 - CBOR
    - Binary values are represented as byte strings. Subtypes are written as tags.
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ To store boolean values in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter  `Bo

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `BooleanType` (`#!cpp bool`), the default value for `boolean_t` is `#!cpp bool`.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Boolean values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.

@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ Boolean values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/boolean_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [is_boolean](is_boolean.md) checks whether the JSON value is a boolean
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -36,6 +36,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/cbegin.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [begin](begin.md) returns an iterator to the first element
+- [cend](cend.md) returns a const iterator to one past the last element
+- [crbegin](crbegin.md) returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -38,6 +38,12 @@ store
    --8<-- "examples/cbor_tag_handler_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [from_cbor](from_cbor.md) deserializes a JSON value from CBOR
+- [input_format_t](input_format_t.md) the enumeration of supported input formats
+- [CBOR](../../features/binary_formats/cbor.md) - the article on the CBOR format
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.9.0. Added value `store` in 3.10.0.
@@ -36,6 +36,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/cend.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [end](end.md) returns an iterator to one past the last element
+- [cbegin](cbegin.md) returns a const iterator to the first element
+- [crend](crend.md) returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ All iterators, pointers, and references related to this container are invalidate
    --8<-- "examples/clear.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [erase](erase.md) removes elements from a JSON value
+- [empty](empty.md) checks whether the JSON value has no elements
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -67,6 +67,18 @@ Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.

    If `#!cpp j.contains(x)` returns `#!c true` for a key or JSON pointer `x`, then it is safe to call `j[x]`.

+!!! warning "Deprecation"
+
+    Overload (3) also accepts a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md) whose template argument is a `basic_json`
+    specialization (e.g., `nlohmann::json_pointer<nlohmann::json>`) instead of a string type. This is deprecated since
+    version 3.11.0 and will be removed in a future major version; use `basic_json::json_pointer` (for `json`,
+    `nlohmann::json_pointer<std::string>`) instead.
+
+    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
+    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#json-pointers) for how to update existing code.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example "Example: (1) check with key"
@@ -36,6 +36,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/crbegin.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [crend](crend.md) returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first element
+- [rbegin](rbegin.md) returns a reverse iterator to the last element
+- [cbegin](cbegin.md) returns a const iterator to the first element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/crend.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [crbegin](crbegin.md) returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
+- [rend](rend.md) returns a reverse iterator to one before the first element
+- [cend](cend.md) returns a const iterator to one past the last element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ The actual comparator used depends on [`object_t`](object_t.md) and can be obtai
    --8<-- "examples/default_object_comparator_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [object_comparator_t](object_comparator_t.md) the comparator actually used by `object_t`
+- [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.11.0.
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ a `#!cpp bool` denoting whether the insertion took place.

 ## Exception safety

-Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
+value is converted to an empty object before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element throws.

 ## Exceptions

@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@ iterator is invalidated.

 reference to the inserted element

+## Exception safety
+
+Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
+value is converted to an empty array before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element throws.
+
 ## Exceptions

 Throws [`type_error.311`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptiontype_error311) when called on a type other than JSON
@@ -60,6 +60,11 @@ itself is empty which is `#!cpp false` in the case of a string.
    --8<-- "examples/empty.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [size](size.md) returns the number of elements
+- [clear](clear.md) clears the content and resets the value to the default value
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/end.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [begin](begin.md) returns an iterator to the first element
+- [cend](cend.md) returns a const iterator to one past the last element
+- [rend](rend.md) returns a reverse iterator to one before the first element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ ignore
    --8<-- "examples/error_handler_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [dump](dump.md) serializes a JSON value, with an `error_handler_t` parameter to configure invalid UTF-8 handling
+- [Handling invalid UTF-8](../../features/serialization.md#handling-invalid-utf-8) - the article on handling invalid UTF-8
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.4.0.
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Empty objects and arrays are flattened to `#!json null` and will not be reconstr

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: flatten a JSON object"

    The following code shows how a JSON object is flattened to an object whose keys consist of JSON pointers.
    
@@ -41,6 +41,21 @@ Empty objects and arrays are flattened to `#!json null` and will not be reconstr
    --8<-- "examples/flatten.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: empty objects and arrays are flattened to `#!json null`"
+
+    The following code shows that an empty object and an empty array are both flattened to `#!json null`, and that
+    `unflatten()` restores them as `#!json null` rather than as empty containers.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/flatten__empty.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/flatten__empty.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [unflatten](unflatten.md) the reverse function
@@ -123,3 +123,5 @@ Linear in the size of the input.

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -133,3 +133,5 @@ Linear in the size of the input.

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -125,3 +125,5 @@ Linear in the size of the input.

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -124,3 +124,5 @@ Linear in the size of the input.

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ BasicJsonType get() const;

 // (3)
 template<typename PointerType>
-PointerType get_ptr();
+PointerType get() noexcept;

 template<typename PointerType>
-constexpr const PointerType get_ptr() const noexcept;
+const PointerType get() const noexcept;  // constexpr since C++14
 ```

 1. Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value which is
   [CopyConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/CopyConstructible) and
   [DefaultConstructible](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/DefaultConstructible). The value is converted by
-   calling the `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method.
+   calling the [`json_serializer<ValueType>`](json_serializer.md) `from_json()` method.
   
    The function is equivalent to executing
    ```cpp
@@ -84,6 +84,12 @@ constexpr const PointerType get_ptr() const noexcept;
 3. pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested pointer type fits to the JSON value; `#!cpp nullptr`
   otherwise

+## Exception safety
+
+Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws for overloads (1) and (2); the JSON value
+itself is never modified, since `get()` is a `#!cpp const` member function. No-throw guarantee for overload (3): this
+function never throws exceptions.
+
 ## Exceptions

 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws
@@ -123,13 +129,13 @@ overload (3).

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (1) explicit conversion to compatible types"

    The example below shows several conversions from JSON values
    to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can
    be converted to integers, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
    `std::vector<short>`, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++
-    associative containers such as `std::unordered_map<std::string, json>`.
+    associative containers such as `std::map<std::string, json>`.
        
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/get__ValueType_const.cpp"
@@ -141,7 +147,21 @@ overload (3).
    --8<-- "examples/get__ValueType_const.output"
    ```

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (2) explicit conversion to another `basic_json` specialization"
+
+    The example below shows how a `json` value is converted to an `ordered_json` value using `get<BasicJsonType>()`.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/get__BasicJsonType.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/get__BasicJsonType.output"
+    ```
+
+??? example "Example: (3) explicit pointer access to the stored value"

    The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a JSON value can be requested. Note that no type
    conversions are made and a `#cpp nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not match.
@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ Returns the allocator associated with the container.

 associated allocator

+## Exception safety
+
+Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+
+## Complexity
+
+Constant.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example
@@ -26,6 +34,11 @@ associated allocator
    --8<-- "examples/get_allocator.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [basic_json](index.md#template-parameters) the class template, with `AllocatorType` as one of its template parameters
+- [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/template_parameters.md#allocatortype) - the requirements for `AllocatorType`
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ValueType& get_to(ValueType& v) const noexcept(
 ```

 Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value. The value is filled into the input parameter by
-calling the `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method.
+calling the [`json_serializer<ValueType>`](json_serializer.md) `from_json()` method.

 The function is equivalent to executing
 ```cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@ the compiler reports that no matching `get_to` was found.

 the input parameter, allowing chaining calls

+## Exception safety
+
+Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws; the JSON value itself is never modified,
+since `get_to()` is a `#!cpp const` member function.
+
 ## Exceptions

 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws
@@ -49,7 +54,7 @@ Depends on the `json_serializer<ValueType>::from_json()` implementation.
    The example below shows several conversions from JSON values to other types. There a few things to note: (1)
    Floating-point numbers can be converted to integers, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
    `#!cpp std::vector<short>`, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++ associative containers such as
-    `#cpp std::unordered_map<std::string, json>`.
+    `#!cpp std::map<std::string, json>`.
        
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/get_to.cpp"
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ bon8
    --8<-- "examples/sax_parse__binary.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [sax_parse](sax_parse.md) generic SAX parse interface, taking an `input_format_t` to select the input format
+- [cbor_tag_handler_t](cbor_tag_handler_t.md) configures how CBOR tags are treated while parsing
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.2.0.
@@ -109,11 +109,11 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
 2. Linear in `cnt` plus linear in the distance between `pos` and end of the container.
 3. Linear in `#!cpp std::distance(first, last)` plus linear in the distance between `pos` and end of the container.
 4. Linear in `ilist.size()` plus linear in the distance between `pos` and end of the container.
-5. Logarithmic: `O(N*log(size() + N))`, where `N` is the number of elements to insert.
+5. `O(N*log(size() + N))`, where `N` is the number of elements to insert.

 ## Examples

-??? example "Example (1): insert element into array"
+??? example "Example: (1) insert element into array"

    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
    
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example (2): insert copies of element into array"
+??? example "Example: (2) insert copies of element into array"

    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
    
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert__count.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example (3): insert a range of elements into an array"
+??? example "Example: (3) insert a range of elements into an array"

    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
    
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert__range.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example (4): insert elements from an initializer list into an array"
+??? example "Example: (4) insert elements from an initializer list into an array"

    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
    
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
    --8<-- "examples/insert__ilist.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example (5): insert a range of elements into an object"
+??? example "Example: (5) insert a range of elements into an object"

    The example shows how `insert()` is used.
    
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_array.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [is_object](is_object.md) checks whether the JSON value is an object
+- [is_structured](is_structured.md) checks whether the JSON value is structured (array or object)
+- [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
+- [array_t](array_t.md) the type used to store JSON arrays
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_binary.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [is_primitive](is_primitive.md) checks whether the JSON value is primitive
+- [binary_t](binary_t.md) the type used to store binary values
+- [get_binary](get_binary.md) returns a reference to the stored binary value
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.8.0.
@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_boolean.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [boolean_t](boolean_t.md) the type used to store JSON booleans
+- [is_primitive](is_primitive.md) checks whether the JSON value is primitive
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ with `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`: a parse error then yields a discar

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: `is_discarded()` for ordinary JSON values"

    The following code exemplifies `is_discarded()` for all JSON types.
    
@@ -69,6 +69,22 @@ with `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`: a parse error then yields a discar
    --8<-- "examples/is_discarded.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: discarded values from parsing"
+
+    The following code shows the two situations in which a discarded value can be observed: parsing invalid JSON with
+    `allow_exceptions` set to `#!cpp false`, and a parser callback that discards the top-level value (which is replaced
+    by `#!json null` and therefore does *not* remain discarded).
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/is_discarded__parse.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/is_discarded__parse.output"
+    ```
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_null.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [is_array](is_array.md) checks whether the JSON value is an array
+- [is_object](is_object.md) checks whether the JSON value is an object
+- [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
+- [value_t](value_t.md) the enumeration of JSON types
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_object.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [is_array](is_array.md) checks whether the JSON value is an array
+- [is_structured](is_structured.md) checks whether the JSON value is structured (array or object)
+- [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
+- [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/is_string.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [is_primitive](is_primitive.md) checks whether the JSON value is primitive
+- [type](type.md) returns the type of the JSON value
+- [string_t](string_t.md) the type used to store JSON strings
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -114,3 +114,5 @@ When iterating over an array, `key()` will return the index of the element as st

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#miscellaneous-functions) for how to update existing code.
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ Examples of such functionality might be metadata, additional member functions (e

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 The default value for `CustomBaseClass` is `void`. In this case, an
 [empty base class](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/ebo) is used and no additional functionality is injected.

-#### Limitations
+### Limitations

 The type `CustomBaseClass` has to be a default-constructible, non-`final` class.
 `basic_json` only supports copy/move construction/assignment if `CustomBaseClass` does so as well.
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ A `CustomBaseClass` with non-static data members forfeits `basic_json`'s
    --8<-- "examples/json_base_class_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/template_parameters.md#custombaseclass) - the requirements for `CustomBaseClass`
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.12.0.
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ using json_serializer = JSONSerializer<T, SFINAE>;

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 The default values for `json_serializer` is [`adl_serializer`](../adl_serializer/index.md).

-#### Requirements
+### Requirements

 A custom serializer must provide `#!cpp static void to_json(basic_json&, T)` for every type it serializes, and either
 `#!cpp static void from_json(const basic_json&, T&)` or `#!cpp static T from_json(const basic_json&)` for every type it
@@ -42,6 +42,13 @@ deserializes. See [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/templat
    --8<-- "examples/from_json__non_default_constructible.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [adl_serializer](../adl_serializer/index.md) the default `json_serializer`
+- [get](get.md) explicit type conversion using the `json_serializer`'s `from_json()` method
+- [get_to](get_to.md) explicit type conversion into a variable using the `json_serializer`'s `from_json()` method
+- [Arbitrary Type Conversions](../../features/arbitrary_types.md) - the article on converting between JSON values and arbitrary types
+
 ## Version history

 - Since version 2.0.0.
@@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ string elements the JSON value can store which is `1`.

    Note the output is platform-dependent.

+## See also
+
+- [size](size.md) returns the number of elements
+- [array_t](array_t.md) the type used to store JSON arrays
+- [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -33,16 +33,14 @@ Thereby, `Target` is the current object; that is, the patch is applied to the cu
 `apply_patch` (in)
 :   the patch to apply

+## Exception safety
+
+Basic guarantee: if an exception is thrown during the operation, the JSON value may be partially modified.
+
 ## Complexity

 Linear in the lengths of `apply_patch`.

-## Notes
-
-`apply_patch` may be `#!cpp *this` itself or refer to a value contained in `#!cpp *this` (for example, a subobject
-returned by `#!cpp (*this)[key]`); it is read as it was when `merge_patch()` was called, before any modification of
-`#!cpp *this`.
-
 ## Examples

 ??? example
@@ -67,5 +65,3 @@ returned by `#!cpp (*this)[key]`); it is read as it was when `merge_patch()` was
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.0.0.
- Fixed use of freed or relocated memory when `apply_patch` is `#!cpp *this` or refers to a value contained in
-  `#!cpp *this`, in version 3.13.0.
@@ -23,28 +23,27 @@ type to use.
 ## Template parameters

 `NumberFloatType`
-:   the type to store floating-point numbers. The parser converts `#!cpp float`, `#!cpp double`, and a
-    `#!cpp long double` that is IEEE 754 binary64 itself and other `#!cpp long double` formats with
-    `#!cpp std::from_chars` or `#!cpp std::strtold`, and serialization falls back to `#!cpp std::snprintf`, so the
-    type must be `#!cpp float`, `#!cpp double`, or `#!cpp long double`. The
+:   the type to store floating-point numbers. Parsing and serialization are implemented in terms of
+    `#!cpp std::strtof`/`#!cpp std::strtod`/`#!cpp std::strtold` and `#!cpp std::snprintf`, so the type must be
+    `#!cpp float`, `#!cpp double`, or `#!cpp long double`. The
    [binary formats](../../features/binary_formats/index.md) additionally require `#!cpp float` or `#!cpp double`,
    because they have no encoding for `#!cpp long double`. See
    [Template Parameter Requirements](../../features/types/template_parameters.md#numberfloattype).

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `NumberFloatType` (`double`), the default value for `number_float_t` is `#!cpp double`.

-#### Default behavior
+### Default behavior

 - The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in floating-point literals will
  be ignored. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++ floating-point literal
  `01.2` will be serialized to `1.2`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
 - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`.

-#### Limits
+### Limits

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) states:
 > This specification allows implementations to set limits on the range and precision of numbers accepted. Since software
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ This implementation does exactly follow this approach, as it uses double precisi
 smaller than `-1.79769313486232e+308` and values greater than `1.79769313486232e+308` will be stored as NaN internally
 and be serialized to `null`.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Floating-point number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.

@@ -76,6 +75,13 @@ Floating-point number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/number_float_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [number_integer_t](number_integer_t.md) the type used to store JSON integer numbers
+- [number_unsigned_t](number_unsigned_t.md) the type used to store JSON unsigned integer numbers
+- [is_number_float](is_number_float.md) checks whether the JSON value is a floating-point number
+- [Number Handling](../../features/types/number_handling.md) - the article on number handling
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -29,18 +29,18 @@ to use.

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `NumberIntegerType` (`std::int64_t`), the default value for `number_integer_t` is
 `#!cpp std::int64_t`.

-#### Default behavior
+### Default behavior

 - The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in integer literals lead to an
  interpretation as an octal number. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++
  integer literal `010` will be serialized to `8`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.

-#### Limits
+### Limits

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers.
@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ range will yield over/underflow when used in a constructor. During deserializati
 will automatically be stored as [`number_unsigned_t`](number_unsigned_t.md) or [`number_float_t`](number_float_t.md).

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) further states:
-> Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are in the range [-2<sup>53</sup>+1, 2<sup>53</sup>-1] are
+> Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are in the range $[-2^{53}+1, 2^{53}-1]$ are
 > interoperable in the sense that implementations will agree exactly on their numeric values.

 As this range is a subrange of the exactly supported range [INT64_MIN, INT64_MAX], this class's integer type is
 interoperable.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.

@@ -77,6 +77,13 @@ Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/number_integer_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [number_unsigned_t](number_unsigned_t.md) the type used to store JSON unsigned integer numbers
+- [number_float_t](number_float_t.md) the type used to store JSON floating-point numbers
+- [is_number_integer](is_number_integer.md) checks whether the JSON value is a signed integer number
+- [Number Handling](../../features/types/number_handling.md) - the article on number handling
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -30,18 +30,18 @@ the type to use.

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `NumberUnsignedType` (`std::uint64_t`), the default value for `number_unsigned_t` is
 `#!cpp std::uint64_t`.

-#### Default behavior
+### Default behavior

 - The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in integer literals lead to an
  interpretation as an octal number. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++
  integer  literal `010` will be serialized to `8`. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.

-#### Limits
+### Limits

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers.
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ when used in a constructor. During deserialization, too large or small integer n
 as [`number_integer_t`](number_integer_t.md) or [`number_float_t`](number_float_t.md).

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) further states:
-> Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are in the range [-2<sup>53</sup>+1, 2<sup>53</sup>-1] are
+> Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are in the range $[-2^{53}+1, 2^{53}-1]$ are
 > interoperable in the sense that implementations will agree exactly on their numeric values.

 As this range is a subrange (when considered in conjunction with the `number_integer_t` type) of the exactly supported
 range [0, UINT64_MAX], this class's integer type is interoperable.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.

@@ -78,6 +78,13 @@ Integer number values are stored directly inside a `basic_json` type.
    --8<-- "examples/number_unsigned_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [number_integer_t](number_integer_t.md) the type used to store JSON integer numbers
+- [number_float_t](number_float_t.md) the type used to store JSON floating-point numbers
+- [is_number_unsigned](is_number_unsigned.md) checks whether the JSON value is an unsigned integer number
+- [Number Handling](../../features/types/number_handling.md) - the article on number handling
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 2.0.0.
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@ and [`default_object_comparator_t`](default_object_comparator_t.md) otherwise.
    --8<-- "examples/object_comparator_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects
+- [default_object_comparator_t](default_object_comparator_t.md) the fallback comparator used when `object_t` has no `key_compare` member type
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 3.0.0.
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters described

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `ObjectType` (`std::map`), `StringType` (`std::string`), and `AllocatorType`
 (`std::allocator`), the default value for `object_t` is:
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ std::map<

 See [`default_object_comparator_t`](default_object_comparator_t.md) for more information.

-#### Behavior
+### Behavior

 The choice of `object_t` influences the behavior of the JSON class. With the default type, objects have the following
 behavior:
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ behavior:
  that they will not be affected by these differences. For instance, `#!json {"b": 1, "a": 2}` and
  `#!json {"a": 2, "b": 1}` will be treated as equal.

-#### Limits
+### Limits

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) specifies:
 > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting.
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ In this class, the object's limit of nesting is not explicitly constrained. Howe
 introduced by the compiler or runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the
 [`max_size`](max_size.md) function of a JSON object.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 Objects are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to object values, a pointer of type
 `object_t*` must be dereferenced.

-#### Object key order
+### Object key order

 The order name/value pairs are added to the object are *not* preserved by the library. Therefore, iterating an object
 may return name/value pairs in a different order than they were originally stored. In fact, keys will be traversed in
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ alphabetical order as `std::map` with `std::less` is used by default. Please not
 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259), because any order implements the specified "unordered" nature of JSON
 objects.

-#### Cross-`basic_json` conversion requirements
+### Cross-`basic_json` conversion requirements

 When converting an object from one `basic_json` specialization to another via the
-[converting constructor](basic_json.md#overload-4), the target `object_t`'s `key_type` must be
+[converting constructor](basic_json.md) (overload 4), the target `object_t`'s `key_type` must be
 directly constructible from the source `basic_json`'s `string_t` type (or more generally, from the
 source object's key type). If this requirement is not met, the conversion does not fail; instead,
 the object is silently converted as an array of key-value pairs, which is incorrect. See
@@ -123,6 +123,13 @@ the object is silently converted as an array of key-value pairs, which is incorr
    --8<-- "examples/object_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [array_t](array_t.md) the type used to store JSON arrays
+- [string_t](string_t.md) the type used to store JSON strings
+- [object_comparator_t](object_comparator_t.md) the comparator used to order object keys
+- [Object Order](../../features/object_order.md) - the article on object key ordering
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -48,6 +48,12 @@ invalidates all iterators and all references.

 `#!cpp *this`

+## Exception safety
+
+Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
+value is converted to an empty array or object before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element
+throws.
+
 ## Exceptions

 1. Throws [`type_error.308`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptiontype_error308) when called on a type other than
@@ -136,6 +136,18 @@ Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact
        while `/foo/one/one/one` creates nested objects. This is not specified by the JSON Pointer RFC; it is
        this library's own, intentional disambiguation rule. See also [JSON Pointer](../../features/json_pointer.md).

+!!! warning "Deprecation"
+
+    Overload (4) also accepts a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md) whose template argument is a `basic_json`
+    specialization (e.g., `nlohmann::json_pointer<nlohmann::json>`) instead of a string type. This is deprecated since
+    version 3.11.0 and will be removed in a future major version; use `basic_json::json_pointer` (for `json`,
+    `nlohmann::json_pointer<std::string>`) instead.
+
+    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
+    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#json-pointers) for how to update existing code.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example "Example: (1) access specified array element"
@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@ Implicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value. The call

 copy of the JSON value, converted to `ValueType`

+## Exception safety
+
+Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws; the JSON value itself is never modified,
+since `#!cpp operator ValueType()` is a `#!cpp const` member function that only calls [`get()`](get.md).
+
 ## Exceptions

 Depends on what `json_serializer<ValueType>` `from_json()` method throws
@@ -56,6 +61,8 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value.
    [`JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS`](../macros/json_use_implicit_conversions.md) to `0` and replace any implicit
    conversions with calls to [`get`](../basic_json/get.md).

+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#replace-implicit-conversions) for how to update existing code.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example
@@ -63,7 +70,7 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value.
    The example below shows several conversions from JSON values to other types. There are a few things to note: (1)
    Floating-point numbers can be converted to integers, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
    `std::vector<short>`, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++ associative containers such as
-    `std::unordered_map<std::string, json>`.
+    `std::map<std::string, json>`.
        
    ```cpp
    --8<-- "examples/operator__ValueType.cpp"
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Linear.

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (1) compare JSON values"

    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.
        
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Linear.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__equal.output"
    ```

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (2) compare JSON values with `#!cpp nullptr`"

    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types against the null pointer (JSON `#!json null`).
        
@@ -60,6 +60,16 @@ Linear.
    Since C++20 overload resolution will consider the _rewritten candidate_ generated from
    [`operator<=>`](operator_spaceship.md).

+!!! warning "Deprecation"
+
+    If [`JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON`](../macros/json_use_legacy_discarded_value_comparison.md) is
+    defined to `1`, the library declares a member `#!cpp bool operator>=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept` in
+    C++20 mode to emulate the legacy comparison of discarded values. This member is deprecated since version 3.11.0,
+    together with the legacy comparison behavior.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#miscellaneous-functions) for how to update existing
+    code.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example
@@ -61,6 +61,16 @@ Linear.
    Since C++20 overload resolution will consider the _rewritten candidate_ generated from
    [`operator<=>`](operator_spaceship.md).

+!!! warning "Deprecation"
+
+    If [`JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON`](../macros/json_use_legacy_discarded_value_comparison.md) is
+    defined to `1`, the library declares a member `#!cpp bool operator<=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept` in
+    C++20 mode to emulate the legacy comparison of discarded values. This member is deprecated since version 3.11.0,
+    together with the legacy comparison behavior.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#miscellaneous-functions) for how to update existing
+    code.
+
 ## Examples

 ??? example
@@ -9,17 +9,9 @@ bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept;  // (2)

 template<typename ScalarType>
 bool operator!=(ScalarType lhs, const const_reference rhs) noexcept;  // (2)
-
-// since C++20
-class basic_json {
-    bool operator!=(const_reference rhs) const noexcept;              // (1)
-
-    template<typename ScalarType>
-    bool operator!=(ScalarType rhs) const noexcept;                   // (2)
-};
 ```

-1. Compares two JSON values for inequality. Returns `#!cpp !(lhs == rhs)` (until C++20) or `#!cpp !(*this == rhs)` (since C++20).
+1. Compares two JSON values for inequality. Returns `#!cpp !(lhs == rhs)`.
    - This means the comparison is simply the logical negation of `operator==`, including for special values like `NaN` and `discarded`.

 2. Compares a JSON value and a scalar or a scalar and a JSON value for inequality by converting the scalar to a JSON
@@ -52,6 +44,11 @@ Linear.

 ## Notes

+!!! note "C++20"
+
+    Since C++20, `basic_json` declares no `operator!=`. The compiler rewrites `#!cpp a != b` as `#!cpp !(a == b)`
+    using [`operator==`](operator_eq.md), so the result is the same as described above.
+
 !!! note "Comparing `NaN` and `discarded`"

    Since `operator!=` is defined as `!(a == b)`, the behavior for special values follows that of `operator==`:
@@ -61,7 +58,7 @@ Linear.

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (1) compare JSON values"

    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types.
        
@@ -75,7 +72,7 @@ Linear.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__notequal.output"
    ```

-??? example
+??? example "Example: (2) compare JSON values with `#!cpp nullptr`"

    The example demonstrates comparing several JSON types against the null pointer (JSON `#!json null`).
        
@@ -89,9 +86,15 @@ Linear.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__notequal__nullptr_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [operator==](operator_eq.md) comparison: equal
+- [operator<=>](operator_spaceship.md) comparison: 3-way (C++20)
+
 ## Version history

-1. Added in version 1.0.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove 
-   special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values; `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`.
-2. Added in version 1.0.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove
-   special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values; `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`.
+1. Added in version 1.0.0. Added a C++20 member function in version 3.11.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove
+   special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values; `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`. Removed the C++20
+   member function in version 3.13.0; since C++20, the compiler rewrites `a != b` using `operator==`.
+2. Added in version 1.0.0. Changed in version 3.13.0 to remove special-casing for `NaN` and `discarded` values;
+   `operator!=` now consistently means `!(a == b)`. Since C++20, the compiler rewrites `a != b` using `operator==`.
@@ -47,6 +47,11 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/operator__value_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [type](type.md) named member function equivalent to this implicit conversion operator
+- [value_t](value_t.md) the enumeration of JSON types
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by

 ## Examples

-??? example "Parsing from a character array"
+??? example "Example: (1) parse from a character array"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from an array.

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__array__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Parsing from a string"
+??? example "Example: (1) parse from a string"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with and without callback function.

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__string__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Parsing from an input stream"
+??? example "Example: (1) parse from an input stream"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with and without callback function.

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__istream__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Parsing from a contiguous container"
+??? example "Example: (1) parse from a contiguous container"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from a contiguous container.

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__contiguouscontainer__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Parsing from a non-null-terminated string"
+??? example "Example: (2) parse from a non-null-terminated string"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from a string that is not null-terminated.

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__pointers.output"
    ```

-??? example "Parsing from an iterator pair"
+??? example "Example: (2) parse from an iterator pair"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading from an iterator pair.

@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__iterator_pair.output"
    ```

-??? example "Effect of `allow_exceptions` parameter"
+??? example "Example: effect of `allow_exceptions` parameter"

    The example below demonstrates the effect of the `allow_exceptions` parameter in the `parse()` function.

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/parse__allow_exceptions.output"
    ```

-??? example "Effect of `ignore_comments` parameter"
+??? example "Example: effect of `ignore_comments` parameter"

    The example below demonstrates the effect of the `ignore_comments` parameter in the `parse()` function.

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by
    --8<-- "examples/comments.output"
    ```

-??? example "Effect of `ignore_trailing_commas` parameter"
+??? example "Example: effect of `ignore_trailing_commas` parameter"

    The example below demonstrates the effect of the `ignore_trailing_commas` parameter in the `parse()` function.

@@ -270,3 +270,5 @@ outside of a string, invalid) byte; see the [FAQ entry](../../home/faq.md#nul-by

    You should be warned by your compiler with a `-Wdeprecated-declarations` warning if you are using a deprecated
    function.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ classDiagram

 ## Notes

-For an input with <i>n</i> bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and <i>n</i>+1 is the index of the terminating null byte
+For an input with $n$ bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and $n+1$ is the index of the terminating null byte
 or the end of file. This also holds true when reading a byte vector for binary formats.

 ## Examples
@@ -24,6 +24,21 @@ The parser callback distinguishes the following events:

 ![Example when certain parse events are triggered](../../images/callback_events.png)

+??? example
+
+    The following code parses a small JSON text with a parser callback that reports every event together with its
+    depth and keeps every value (by always returning `#!cpp true`).
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/parse_event_t.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/parse_event_t.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [parser_callback_t](parser_callback_t.md) callback function type for the parser
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ the latter case, it is skipped completely, or replaced by `null` if it is the to

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: skip an object key while parsing"

    The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with
    and without callback function.
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ the latter case, it is skipped completely, or replaced by `null` if it is the to
    --8<-- "examples/parse__string__parser_callback_t.output"
    ```

-??? example
+??? example "Example: how discarded values are removed"

    The example below shows where discarded values are removed. The array and the number are discarded in different
    ways, but in each case the parse result contains neither the value nor its key.
@@ -26,10 +26,24 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
 - Throws [`parse_error.104`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error104) if the JSON patch does not consist of
  an array of objects.
 - Throws [`parse_error.105`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error105) if the JSON patch is malformed (e.g.,
-  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation add must have member path"`.
+  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation 'add' must have member 'path'"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.401`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range401) if an array index is out of range.
+- Throws [`parse_error.106`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error106) if an array index in a "path" or
+  "from" member begins with '0'; example: `"array index '01' must not begin with '0'"`.
+- Throws [`parse_error.107`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if a "path" or "from" member is not
+  empty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); example: `"JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'a'"`.
+- Throws [`parse_error.108`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in a "path" or
+  "from" member is not followed by `0` or `1`; example: `"escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'"`.
+- Throws [`parse_error.109`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error109) if an array index in a "path" or
+  "from" member is not a number; example: `"array index 'foo' is not a number"`.
+- Throws [`out_of_range.402`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range402) if the array index `-` is used
+  where an existing element is required (the "path" of "replace", the "from" of "move" and "copy"); example:
+  `"array index '-' (3) is out of range"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.403`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range403) if a JSON pointer inside the patch
  could not be resolved successfully in the current JSON value; example: `"key baz not found"`.
+- Throws [`out_of_range.404`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range404) if a reference token of a JSON
+  pointer inside the patch cannot be resolved, e.g., `-` in a "remove" operation or `1a` for an array; example:
+  `"unresolved reference token '-'"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.405`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if JSON pointer has no parent
  ("add", "remove", "move")
 - Throws [`out_of_range.411`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range411) if an "add" operation's target
@@ -53,7 +67,7 @@ is thrown. In any case, the original value is not changed: the patch is applied

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: apply a JSON patch"

    The following code shows how a JSON patch is applied to a value.
     
@@ -67,6 +81,21 @@ is thrown. In any case, the original value is not changed: the patch is applied
    --8<-- "examples/patch.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: out_of_range.414 exception"
+
+    The following code shows how a "move" operation whose "from" location is a proper prefix of its "path" location is
+    rejected, and how the original document is left unchanged because the patch is applied to a copy.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/patch__exception.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/patch__exception.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902)
@@ -22,10 +22,24 @@ No guarantees, value may be corrupted by an unsuccessful patch operation.
 - Throws [`parse_error.104`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error104) if the JSON patch does not consist of
  an array of objects.
 - Throws [`parse_error.105`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error105) if the JSON patch is malformed (e.g.,
-  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation add must have member path"`.
+  mandatory attributes are missing); example: `"operation 'add' must have member 'path'"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.401`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range401) if an array index is out of range.
+- Throws [`parse_error.106`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error106) if an array index in a "path" or
+  "from" member begins with '0'; example: `"array index '01' must not begin with '0'"`.
+- Throws [`parse_error.107`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if a "path" or "from" member is not
+  empty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); example: `"JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'a'"`.
+- Throws [`parse_error.108`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in a "path" or
+  "from" member is not followed by `0` or `1`; example: `"escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'"`.
+- Throws [`parse_error.109`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error109) if an array index in a "path" or
+  "from" member is not a number; example: `"array index 'foo' is not a number"`.
+- Throws [`out_of_range.402`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range402) if the array index `-` is used
+  where an existing element is required (the "path" of "replace", the "from" of "move" and "copy"); example:
+  `"array index '-' (3) is out of range"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.403`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range403) if a JSON pointer inside the patch
  could not be resolved successfully in the current JSON value; example: `"key baz not found"`.
+- Throws [`out_of_range.404`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range404) if a reference token of a JSON
+  pointer inside the patch cannot be resolved, e.g., `-` in a "remove" operation or `1a` for an array; example:
+  `"unresolved reference token '-'"`.
 - Throws [`out_of_range.405`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if JSON pointer has no parent
  ("add", "remove", "move")
 - Throws [`out_of_range.411`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range411) if an "add" operation's target
@@ -50,7 +64,7 @@ function throws an exception.

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: apply a JSON patch in place"

    The following code shows how a JSON patch is applied to a value.
     
@@ -64,6 +78,22 @@ function throws an exception.
    --8<-- "examples/patch_inplace.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: out_of_range.403 exception with a partially applied patch"
+
+    The following code shows a patch whose first operation succeeds and whose second operation fails. Because
+    `patch_inplace` applies each operation directly to the value, the first operation's effect is still visible after
+    the exception is caught, unlike [`patch`](patch.md).
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/patch_inplace__exception.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/patch_inplace__exception.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902)
@@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ invalidates all iterators and all references.
 `init` (in)
 :   an initializer list

+## Exception safety
+
+Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value. As an exception, a `#!json null`
+value is converted to an empty array or object before the element is added and keeps that type if adding the element
+throws.
+
 ## Exceptions

 1. Throws [`type_error.308`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptiontype_error308) when called on a type other than
@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/rbegin.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [rend](rend.md) returns a reverse iterator to one before the first element
+- [crbegin](crbegin.md) returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
+- [begin](begin.md) returns an iterator to the first element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -38,6 +38,13 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/rend.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [rbegin](rbegin.md) returns a reverse iterator to the last element
+- [crend](crend.md) returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first element
+- [end](end.md) returns an iterator to one past the last element
+- [Iterators](../../features/iterators.md) - the article on iterators
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -147,3 +147,5 @@ A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
    Overload (2) replaces calls to `sax_parse` with a pair of iterators as their first parameter which has been
    deprecated in version 3.8.0. This overload will be removed in version 4.0.0. Please replace all calls like
    `#!cpp sax_parse({ptr, ptr+len});` with `#!cpp sax_parse(ptr, ptr+len);`.
+
+    See the [migration guide](../../integration/migration_guide.md#parsing) for how to update existing code.
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ JSON value which is `1` in the case of a string.
    --8<-- "examples/size.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [empty](empty.md) checks whether the JSON value has no elements
+- [max_size](max_size.md) returns the maximum possible number of elements
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ type of the JSON value is taken into account to have different hash values for `

    Note the output is platform-dependent.

+## See also
+
+- [operator==](operator_eq.md) compares two JSON values for equality, consistent with equal hash values
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@ JSON class into byte-sized characters during deserialization.

 ## Notes

-#### Default type
+### Default type

 With the default values for `StringType` (`std::string`), the default value for `string_t` is `#!cpp std::string`.

-#### Encoding
+### Encoding

 Strings are stored in UTF-8 encoding. Therefore, functions like `std::string::size()` or `std::string::length()` return
 the number of bytes in the string rather than the number of characters or glyphs.

-#### String comparison
+### String comparison

 [RFC 8259](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259) states:
 > Software implementations are typically required to test names of object members for equality. Implementations that
@@ -50,15 +50,15 @@ the number of bytes in the string rather than the number of characters or glyphs

 This implementation is interoperable as it does compare strings code unit by code unit.

-#### Storage
+### Storage

 String values are stored as pointers in a `basic_json` type. That is, for any access to string values, a pointer of type
 `string_t*` must be dereferenced.

-#### Cross-`basic_json` conversion requirements
+### Cross-`basic_json` conversion requirements

 When converting a string value from one `basic_json` specialization to another via the
-[converting constructor](basic_json.md#overload-4), the target `string_t` must be directly
+[converting constructor](basic_json.md) (overload 4), the target `string_t` must be directly
 constructible from the source `basic_json`'s `string_t` type. If this requirement is not met, the
 conversion does not fail; instead, the string is silently converted as an array of character codes,
 which is incorrect. See [issue #3425](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/3425) for details
@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@ and an example.
    --8<-- "examples/string_t.output"
    ```

+## See also
+
+- [object_t](object_t.md) the type used to store JSON objects (and their keys, which are also `string_t`)
+- [binary_t](binary_t.md) the type used to store binary values
+- [get_ptr](get_ptr.md) returns a pointer to the stored string value
+
 ## Version history

 - Added in version 1.0.0.
@@ -73,6 +73,16 @@ void swap(typename binary_t::container_type& other);
 `right` (in, out)
 :   value to exchange the contents with

+## Exception safety
+
+1. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
+2. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
+3. Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+4. Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+5. Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+6. Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+7. Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes to any JSON value.
+
 ## Exceptions

 1. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
@@ -94,7 +104,7 @@ Constant.

 ## Examples

-??? example "Example: Swap JSON value (1, 2)"
+??? example "Example: (1, 2) swap JSON values"

    The example below shows how JSON values can be swapped with `swap()`.
    
@@ -108,7 +118,7 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/swap__reference.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example: Swap array (3)"
+??? example "Example: (3) swap array"

    The example below shows how arrays can be swapped with `swap()`.
    
@@ -122,7 +132,7 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/swap__array_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example: Swap object (4)"
+??? example "Example: (4) swap object"

    The example below shows how objects can be swapped with `swap()`.
    
@@ -136,7 +146,7 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/swap__object_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example: Swap string (5)"
+??? example "Example: (5) swap string"

    The example below shows how strings can be swapped with `swap()`.
    
@@ -150,7 +160,7 @@ Constant.
    --8<-- "examples/swap__string_t.output"
    ```

-??? example "Example: Swap binary (6)"
+??? example "Example: (6) swap binary"

    The example below shows how binary values can be swapped with `swap()`.
    
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Strong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the JSON va
 ## Exceptions

 - Throws [`other_error.502`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionother_error502) if `use_type` is true and `use_size`
-  is false.
+  is false, and `j` contains a non-empty array, object, or binary value.

 ## Complexity

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value `j`.

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: serialize a JSON value to BJData"

    The example shows the serialization of a JSON value to a byte vector in BJData format.
     
@@ -77,6 +77,21 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value `j`.
    --8<-- "examples/to_bjdata.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: other_error.502 exception"
+
+    The example shows how requesting type annotations (`use_type`) without size annotations (`use_size`) throws an
+    exception, because type-optimized containers can only be read back with a preceding size.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/to_bjdata__exception.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/to_bjdata__exception.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [from_bjdata](from_bjdata.md) create a JSON value from an input in BJData format
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value `j`.

 ## Examples

-??? example
+??? example "Example: serialize a JSON value to BON8"

    The example shows the serialization of a JSON value to a byte vector in BON8 format.
     
@@ -62,6 +62,21 @@ Linear in the size of the JSON value `j`.
    --8<-- "examples/to_bon8.output"
    ```

+??? example "Example: type_error.316 exception"
+
+    The example shows how serializing a string that is not valid UTF-8 throws an exception, because BON8 stores strings
+    as UTF-8.
+
+    ```cpp
+    --8<-- "examples/to_bon8__exception.cpp"
+    ```
+
+    Output:
+
+    ```json
+    --8<-- "examples/to_bon8__exception.output"
+    ```
+
 ## See also

 - [from_bon8](from_bon8.md) create a JSON value from an input in BON8 format
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Niels Lohmann	289d61ef4f	Merge branch 'develop' into docs/review-fixes Conflicts: - include/nlohmann/json.hpp: took develop's removal of the UDLs (moved to json_literals.hpp, which already has the corrected @sa links) - single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp: regenerated with make amalgamate - docs/mkdocs/docs/api/operator_literal_json.md, operator_literal_json_pointer.md: kept the PR's migration guide link and develop's json_literals.hpp/JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS note - docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json/to_bson.md: both sides added out_of_range.415; kept develop's example message and both version history lines - docs/docset/docSet.sql: added JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS (new on develop), which the PR's check_structure.py requires Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-30 20:39:42 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	a2f45e7fbc	Cache the release headers with functools.lru_cache Codacy (Pylint) flagged the mutable default argument that header() used as its cache. functools.lru_cache keeps the same memoization without it. The script's output is unchanged. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-29 22:22:22 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	29a647a08b	Correct documentation errors found while hunting for bugs - patch/patch_inplace: list the JSON pointer errors parse_error.106-109 and out_of_range.402/404, and quote the actual parse_error.105 message. - unflatten: list parse_error.106/107/108 and out_of_range.404. - to_bson: list out_of_range.415 (binary subtype above 255) and note that 412 and 415 are new in 3.13.0. - to_string: state that string_t must be convertible to std::string, also in the StringType requirements table. - JSON Lines: a `while (input >> j)` loop also throws after the last value for concatenated JSON values; show a loop that works for both. - BON8: a string gets 0xFF only if nothing follows it in the message; a string at the end of an array or object is ended by 0xFE. - custom_string_type.hpp: add operator+=(char), which the "Always required" list asks for (json_pointer::to_string, flatten, unflatten, and diff did not compile), and an ADL int_to_string for diff and items. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-29 19:50:03 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	8ee8bff661	Say the library is available as a single header and mention json_fwd.hpp Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-29 18:28:16 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	8ead67cc30	Correct the duplicate-key recipe's claim about SAX positions The SAX interface's key() receives no position either; only parse_error() does. Also note that the recipe does not report the path to the repeated key (see discussion #5085). Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-29 18:18:03 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	aea2132069	Keep the customer links that could not be fixed A dead link on the customers page is still the evidence of where the use of the library was documented. Keep the original URLs of the entries without a working replacement (Marne, Cisco Webex Desk Camera, Philips Hue, CyberArk) and exclude exactly these URLs from the link check. Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-29 17:37:30 +02:00
Niels Lohmann	526b6d3fd6	Review and extend the documentation, and check it in CI A review of all documentation pages found factual errors, dead links, missing cross-references, and gaps in examples. This fixes them and adds checks so the same problems are caught automatically. Fixes: - wrong signatures and version histories (operator!= C++20 member, binary() subtype type, get<PointerType>(), JSON_NO_THREAD_LOCAL, ...) - stale descriptions (number parsing since #5283, UBJSON table, SAX example that no longer compiled, tsl::ordered_map advice) - dead internal and external links; repology.org badges (the domain is suspended) replaced by badges that query the registries directly - deprecation notes link the migration guide; the guide itself fixed Additions: - "See also" sections, cross-references, 25 runnable examples, 12 Mermaid diagrams, new API pages for json_pointer::operator<=> and byte_container_with_subtype::operator==/!= - landing page, guides for untrusted input and performance - "unreleased" badge after versions newer than the latest release Checks: - strict documentation build (broken links/anchors fail it); CI and the publish workflow fetch the full history the build needs - weekly external link check, Mermaid syntax check in CI - check_structure.py: example titles, heading levels, alt texts, header links, docset index coverage; its unused-example check works again - all examples produce the same output on every platform Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>	2026-09-29 17:05:35 +02:00