From ddf962e1511fa210bae2d30ec39a79544d857e67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sean Whalen Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 16:01:00 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Alias redirect targets into the map and codify the practice in AGENTS.md MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit When a domain's homepage redirects to a different host *for the same operator* (acquisition target's site, or a TLD/subdomain variant), PTR reverse-DNS reports observed in the wild may reference either domain. Mapping only the original loses attribution for the redirect target. Adds 91 aliases discovered during the previous bulk PR's classification work — every redirect target where the original was newly mapped, the target wasn't already in the map, and the target was the same operator (not a sister brand and not a placeholder/bot/parking page). Notable examples: apogee.us + boldyn.com both -> Boldyn ISP; sungardas.com + 1111systems.com both -> 11:11 Systems MSP; vodafone.is + syn.is both -> Sýn ISP; sendinblue.com + brevo.com both -> Brevo (Sendinblue) Marketing; tigo.com + millicom.com both -> Tigo ISP; rockwellcollins.com + collinsaerospace.com both -> Collins Aerospace Defense. Codifies the alias-target practice as a new paragraph under AGENTS.md step 6 (the homepage-redirect disambiguation rule). Key guardrails: - Alias only for case 1 (acquisition) and case 3 (TLD variant). Do NOT alias for case 2 (sister brand / shared infra) -- aliasing the redirect target there mis-attributes the redirect target's email. Cited example: do not alias ziggo.nl to UPC after the chello.sk fix. - Skip generic-placeholder, bot-management, and TLD/eTLD redirect targets (example.com, perfdrive.com, umbler.com, co.uk, com.br...). - When in doubt, drop the alias rather than commit it. A missing alias is recoverable; a wrong one mis-attributes mail. Also fixes four canonical-naming inconsistencies surfaced during the brand-mismatch sweep, aligning recent additions to pre-existing entries: - ga.gov: "Georgia Government" -> "State of Georgia" (matches existing georgia.gov) - goco.ca, radiant.net: "Telus" -> "TELUS" (matches existing telus.com) - vee.com.tw: "VeeTime" -> "VeeTIME" (matches existing veetime.com) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) --- AGENTS.md | 2 + .../resources/maps/base_reverse_dns_map.csv | 99 ++++++++++++++++++- 2 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md index 1de886e..e6980c1 100644 --- a/AGENTS.md +++ b/AGENTS.md @@ -180,6 +180,8 @@ When `unknown_base_reverse_dns.csv` has new entries, follow this order rather th **The disambiguator is the WHOIS, plus a quick check of whether the redirect target represents an acquisition.** If WHOIS still names a specific operator that is *neither* the redirect target *nor* the redirect target's parent group, that operator is current and the redirect is shared-infra (case 2 — use WHOIS). If WHOIS is *stale* and matches a pre-acquisition entity while the homepage unambiguously presents the acquiring operator, the homepage wins (case 1 — use new operator). The IP-WHOIS netname is *not* a tiebreaker here — see rule 5; if the netname doesn't match the domain name, it is not a corroborating source for any brand decision. + **Always alias the redirect target into the map alongside the original — except for the sister-brand/shared-infra case (case 2) where the redirect target is a different operator.** If the redirect lands on the same operator's primary domain (case 1 — acquisition target's site, or case 3 — TLD/subdomain variant), and the redirect-target's base domain is not yet in `base_reverse_dns_map.csv`, add it as a new row pointing at the same `(name, type)` as the original. PTR-side reverse-DNS reports may reference either the original or the new operator's domain, and both should resolve to the same attribution. Examples from this codebase: `apogee.us` and `boldyn.com` both → `Boldyn, ISP`; `vodafone.is` and `syn.is` both → `Sýn, ISP`; `sungardas.com` and `1111systems.com` both → `11:11 Systems, MSP`; `zoom.us` and `zoom.com` both → `Zoom, SaaS`. **For case 2 do NOT alias the redirect target** — the redirect was misleading infrastructure, the redirect-target operator is a genuinely different entity, and aliasing it would attribute its email-sending to the wrong operator (e.g. do not alias `ziggo.nl` to `UPC` after the chello.sk fix). When in doubt, drop the alias and add only the original; a missing alias is recoverable, a wrong one mis-attributes mail. Skip aliases when the redirect target is a generic placeholder (`example.com`, parking page, hosting-platform suspended-site page like `umbler.com` / `uni5.net`), a bot-management redirect (`perfdrive.com`, captcha proxies), or a generic TLD/eTLD that the heuristic over-reduced to (`co.uk`, `com.br`, `net.br`). + 7. **Don't force-fit a category.** The README lists a specific set of industry values. If a domain doesn't clearly match one of the service types or industries listed there, leave it unmapped rather than stretching an existing category. When a genuinely new industry recurs, **propose adding it to the README's list** in the same PR and apply the new category consistently. 8. **Two corroborating sources, or the domain goes to `known_unknown_base_reverse_dns.txt` — never to the map.** This is the bright-line guardrail that keeps the map trustworthy. Two corroborating sources means two *independent* signals pointing at the same operator: typically domain-WHOIS registrant + homepage content, or homepage + an established third-party directory, or domain-WHOIS + MMDB `as_name` registered to the same entity. A single source — a self-described homepage with privacy-redacted WHOIS, an MMDB `as_name` with nothing else, an IP-WHOIS netname for a domain whose name doesn't match the netname (rule 5 above) — does **not** clear the bar. Routed-network scale is *context, not corroboration*: knowing an operator routes /14 of address space tells you nothing about who they are. When the bar isn't cleared, the domain goes to `known_unknown_base_reverse_dns.txt` instead of the map. This applies equally to bulk-TSV passes, MMDB coverage-gap passes, PSL-private-domain passes, and ad-hoc single-domain additions — there are no per-workflow relief valves. diff --git a/parsedmarc/resources/maps/base_reverse_dns_map.csv b/parsedmarc/resources/maps/base_reverse_dns_map.csv index 366acd7..ed8825b 100644 --- a/parsedmarc/resources/maps/base_reverse_dns_map.csv +++ b/parsedmarc/resources/maps/base_reverse_dns_map.csv @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ base_reverse_dns,name,type 1-2-1marketing.com,foreUP,Marketing 1000island.net,1000 Island,ISP 10086.cn,China Mobile,ISP +1111systems.com,11:11 Systems,MSP 123.net,123NET,ISP 123hjemmeside.dk,One.com,Web Host 123hjemmeside.no,One.com,Web Host @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ akura.ne.jp,Akura,Logistics alagoinhastelecom.psi.br,Alagoinhas Telecom,ISP alanhouse.com.br,Alanhouse Net,ISP alaresinternet.com.br,Alares,ISP +alaska.gov,Alaska Government,Government albatros.uz,Albatros Health Care,Healthcare alberta.ca,Government of Alberta,Government albertahealthservices.ca,Alberta Health Services,Healthcare @@ -264,6 +266,7 @@ amdintl.com.tw,Kangjian Biomedical Technology,Healthcare america-net.com.br,America-NET,ISP america.net,America.net,Web Host americanam.org,American Advanced Management,Healthcare +americantower.com,American Tower,Technology americantower.com.br,American Tower,Technology amerinoc.com,AmeriNOC,Web Host amethyst.co.jp,Amethyst,Healthcare @@ -275,6 +278,7 @@ amplitudo.me,Amplitudo,SaaS analabs.com.sg,ANALABS,Construction anet.net.th,ANET,ISP anexia-it.com,Anexia,Web Host +anexia.com,Anexia,Web Host anid.com.br,ANID,Nonprofit anl.gov,Argonne National Laboratory,Government anonet.in,Anonet,ISP @@ -289,6 +293,7 @@ antispameurope.com,Hornetsecurity,Email Security anylogic.com,AnyLogic,SaaS aopa.org,AOPA,Travel apa-it.at,APA-Tech,MSP +apa.at,APA-Tech,MSP apaudit.eu,Transparent,Finance apexsol.com,Apex Technology,Marketing aplusgroup.net,A Plus International,Healthcare @@ -472,6 +477,7 @@ beget.app,Beget,Web Host beget.com,Beget,Web Host beget.ru,Beget,Web Host begetcdn.cloud,Beget,Web Host +bek.coop,BEK Communications,ISP bektel.com,BEK Communications,ISP belairinternet.com,Zentro Internet,ISP bell.ca,Bell Canada,ISP @@ -499,6 +505,7 @@ biglobe.ne.jp,BIGLOBE,ISP bigpond.com,Telstra,ISP bigscoots.com,BigScoots,Web Host bilink.com.br,Bilink Telecomunicações,ISP +binero.com,Binero,Web Host binero.se,Binero,Web Host binghamton.edu,Binghamton University,Education biodose.com,BioDose,Healthcare @@ -510,6 +517,7 @@ bisping.de,Bisping & Bisping,ISP bisv.ru,Bisv.ru,ISP bit-drive.ne.jp,NURO Biz,ISP bite.lt,Bite,ISP +bite.lv,Bite,ISP bitmail.com.br,Bitmail Telcom,ISP biznetnetworks.com,Biznet Networks,ISP bkup.com.br,Bkup Telecom,ISP @@ -540,12 +548,14 @@ bnet.com.br,Bnet Telecom,ISP bnpparibas.com,BNP Paribas,Finance bnpparibas.fr,Banque BNP Paribas,Finance bnsf.com,BNSF Railway,Logistics +bny.com,BNY Mellon,Finance bnymellon.com,BNY Mellon,Finance boavistanet.net.br,Boa Vista Net,ISP boeing.com,Boeing,Defense bohc.co.jp,Benefit One Inc.,Retail bol-online.com,Bangladesh Online,ISP bol.net.in,MTNL,ISP +boldyn.com,Boldyn,ISP bond.edu.au,Bond University,Education bontechnologies.com,Bontechnologies,Consulting bookingtimes.com,BookingTimes,SaaS @@ -576,6 +586,7 @@ bredband2.com,Broadband2,ISP breezein.net,BRIZ,ISP breezeline.com,Breezeline,ISP breezelineohio.net,Breezeline,ISP +brevo.com,Brevo (Sendinblue),Marketing bright.net,CNI,ISP brightspace.com,D2l Brightspace,SaaS brightspeed.com,Brightspeed,ISP @@ -699,6 +710,7 @@ centralnetro.com.br,Central Net RO,ISP centralnetsurubim.com.br,CentralNet,ISP centralnetx.com.br,Centralnet,ISP centralofertao.com.br,Central Ofertão,Retail +centralserver.com,Central Server,IaaS centralserver.com.br,Central Server,IaaS centrilogic.com,Centrilogic,MSP centurylink.com,CenturyLink,ISP @@ -716,6 +728,7 @@ ceznet.cz,ČEZNET,ISP cfe.mx,CFE,Utilities cfolks.pl,cyber_Folks,Web Host cgates.lt,Cgates,ISP +cgi.com,CGI,Consulting cgi.se,CGI,Consulting cgwic.com,China Great Wall Industry Corporation,Defense ch-saintcalais.fr,Centre Hospitalier du Mans,Healthcare @@ -802,6 +815,7 @@ cloudaccess.net,CloudAccess.net,Web Host cloudapp.net,Microsoft Azure,IaaS cloudezapp.io,EmailHeads.NET,Marketing cloudfilter.net,Proofpoint Cloudmark,Email Security +cloudfirst.host,CloudFirst,Web Host cloudflare-email.com,Cloudflare,Email Security cloudflare-email.net,Cloudflare,Email Security cloudflare.com,Cloudflare,SaaS @@ -855,6 +869,7 @@ cognizant.com,Cognizant,Technology collascrill.com,Collas Crill,Legal collectivhosting.com,Collectiv,Web Host collectorsaddition.com,The Collector's Addition,Retail +collinsaerospace.com,Collins Aerospace,Defense colocationamerica.com,Colocation America,Web Host colocrossing.com,ColoCrossing,ISP cologix.com,Cologix,IaaS @@ -1004,6 +1019,7 @@ ctedunet.net,Connecticut Education Network,Education ctgserver.com,CTG Server,Web Host ctl.one,CenturyLink,ISP ctm.net,CTM,ISP +ctrls.com,CtrlS,Web Host ctrls.in,CtrlS,Web Host cty-cns.jp,Suzuka Cable,ISP cubiespot.net.id,Cubiespot,ISP @@ -1062,6 +1078,7 @@ darysoft.com,Dary Web Designs,Web Host data443.com,Data443,Email Security databank.com,DataBank,Web Host datacamp.co.uk,CDN77,Web Host +datacom.com,Datacom,MSP datacom.com.au,Datacom,MSP datagroup.ua,Datagroup,ISP datanat.com,Datanational Corporation,MSP @@ -1192,10 +1209,12 @@ doctors.org.uk,Doctors.net.uk,Healthcare docusign.com,Docusign,SaaS dogado.de,dogado,Web Host dokom21.de,DOKOM21,ISP +dom.ru,ER-Telecom,ISP domaincentral.com.au,Domain Central,Web Host domaineinternet.ca,Rapidenet Canada,Web Host domainit.com,DomainIt,Web Host domdom.hu,DomDom,Web Host +domene.shop,Domeneshop,Web Host domeneshop.no,Domeneshop,Web Host domru.ru,ER-Telecom,ISP domtel.com.pl,DOMTEL,ISP @@ -1339,6 +1358,8 @@ ekoline.net.pl,Eko-Line,ISP elasticbeanstalk.com,Amazon AWS,PaaS elcat.kg,ElCat,ISP elcom.ru,Rostelcom,ISP +elcuatro.com,El Cuatro,ISP +electric.coop,NRECA,Nonprofit electric.net,VIPRE,Email Security electriclightwave.com,Allstream,ISP elementa.com,Elementa,MSP @@ -1366,6 +1387,7 @@ emailsrvr.com,Rackspace Email,Email Security emberpoint.com,Ember Point,SaaS embratel.net.br,Embratel,ISP emeraldonion.net,Emerald Onion,Nonprofit +emeraldonion.org,Emerald Onion,Nonprofit emexinternet.com.br,Emex Internet,ISP emirates.net.ae,Etisalat,ISP emory.edu,Emory University,Education @@ -1391,6 +1413,7 @@ enova.com,Enova International,Finance enreach.com,Enreach,SaaS ensono.com,Ensono,MSP entangledpublishing.com,Entangled Publishing,Publishing +entega.de,ENTEGA,ISP entel.bo,Entel Bolivia,ISP entel.cl,Entel,ISP entel.pe,Entel Perú,ISP @@ -1406,6 +1429,7 @@ enviatel.de,envia TEL,ISP eolo.it,EOLO,ISP eonemedia.com,eOneMedia,Photography epa.gov,U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,Government +epb.com,EPB,ISP epb.net,EPB,ISP epbfi.com,EPB,ISP epbnet.com,Russellville Electric Plant Board,ISP @@ -1557,6 +1581,7 @@ fibrenoire.ca,fibrenorie,ISP fibron.com.br,Fibron Telecom,ISP fidelitycommunications.com,Fidelity Communications,ISP fidium.com,Fidium Fiber,ISP +fidiumfiber.com,Fidium Fiber,ISP figma.site,Figma,SaaS figueiredoprovedores.com.br,COMNET,ISP finanzaworld.net,FinanzaWorld,Finance @@ -1572,6 +1597,7 @@ firstlight.net,FirstLight Fiber,ISP firstmarketingservices.in,First Marketing Services,Marketing firstmedia.com,First Media,ISP firsttrust.cm,First Trust,Finance +firsttrust.online,First Trust,Finance fiserv.com,Fiserv,Finance fisherpaykel.com,Fisher & Paykel,Retail fisquare.com,Infince,SaaS @@ -1598,6 +1624,7 @@ fmcna.com,Fresenius Medical Care,Healthcare fmu.ac.jp,Fukushima Medical University,Education fnetpe.com.br,FNET,ISP foconet.net.br,Foconet Telecom,ISP +focusbroadband.com,FOCUS Broadband,ISP fogel-group.cr,Fogel Group,Industrial fonabosque.gob.bo,FONABOSQUE,Government fonacit.gob.ve,Fonacit,Government @@ -1648,6 +1675,7 @@ frontier.com,Frontier,ISP frontiernetworks.ca,Frontier Networks Inc,Web Host frontiir.com,FRONTiiR,MSP fsu.edu,Florida State University,Education +ftiwifi.com,Farmers Telephone (FTI),ISP fuertehoteles.com,Fuerte Group Hotels,Travel fujibake.co.jp,Fuji Bakelite,Industrial fujinohsan.com,Fujinohsan,Manufacturing @@ -1668,7 +1696,7 @@ fxclickinsight.co.za,FXClick Insight,Finance fyfeweb.uk.net,FyfeWeb,Web Host g2netsul.com.br,G2NetSul,ISP g6internet.com.br,G6 Internet,ISP -ga.gov,Georgia Government,Government +ga.gov,State of Georgia,Government gacaradio.com,Georgia-Carolina Radiocasting,Entertainment gaggle.net,Gaggle,SaaS galanet.com.ve,Galanet,ISP @@ -1767,7 +1795,7 @@ gnet.cc,GNET,Web Host gnomen.co.uk,Gnomen,Real Estate go.com.mt,GO p.l.c.,ISP go.com.sa,GO Telecom,ISP -goco.ca,Telus,ISP +goco.ca,TELUS,ISP godaddy.com,GoDaddy,Web Host goip.de,GoIP,Web Host goknet.com.tr,GÖKNET,ISP @@ -1793,6 +1821,7 @@ gov.hu,Government of Hungary,Government gov.in,Indian government,Government gov.pf,The Government of French Polynesia,Government govdelivery.com,Goranicus,SaaS +govstack.com,Govstack (eSolutions Group),Technology gpphosted.com,Proofpoint (Government),Email Security grainger.ca,Grainger Industrial Supply,Industrial grainger.com,Grainger Industrial Supply,Industrial @@ -2028,6 +2057,7 @@ hughston.com,Hughston Clinic,Healthcare hugstelecom.com,Hugs Telecom,ISP hulum.iq,Hulum Almustakbal,ISP hushmail.com,Hushmail,Email Provider +hvacwebsites.com,Online Access,Marketing hvvc.us,Hivelocity,Web Host hydro.com,Norsk Hydro,Industrial hyosung.com,Hyosung,Conglomerate @@ -2060,6 +2090,7 @@ idealinsurancebrokersng.com,Ideal Insurance Brokers,Finance idealwebpiaui.com.br,Ideal Web,ISP ideaservers.net,Hetzner,Web Host identibitsuisse.ch,identibit suisse,Marketing +identity.digital,Identity Digital (Afilias),Technology idig.net,Canadian Web Hosting,Web Host idodns.com,IDO DNS,MSP idt.net,IDT Corporation,ISP @@ -2073,6 +2104,7 @@ ignitedigital.com,Ignite Digital,Marketing igpfibra.com.br,IGP Fibra,ISP ihc.com,Intermountain Health,Healthcare ihor-hosting.ru,IHOR Hosting,Web Host +ihor.online,IHOR Hosting,Web Host ihug.co.nz,ihug,ISP iij.ad.jp,Internet Initiative Japan,ISP iij4u.or.jp,Internet Initiative Japan,ISP @@ -2110,6 +2142,7 @@ indiaaccess.com,IndiaAccess,Web Host indiana.edu,Indiana University Bloomington,Education indo.net.id,Indonet,ISP indonet.co.id,Indonet,ISP +indonet.id,Indonet,ISP indosat.com,IM3,ISP indosatooredoo.com,IM3,ISP indra.com,Indra,Web Host @@ -2180,6 +2213,7 @@ interhost.it,Genesys Informatica Srl,MSP interkam.pl,Interkam,ISP interlink.md,Interlink Comunicatii,ISP intermetalsa.co.mz,Intermetal,Construction +intermountainhealthcare.org,Intermountain Health,Healthcare internap.com,Internap,Web Host internationalpaper.com,International Paper,Industrial internet-webhosting.com,iWHOST,Web Host @@ -2202,6 +2236,7 @@ inti.net.id,Inti Data Telematika,ISP invaluement.com,Invaluement,Email Security investinmiddlesex.ca,"Middlesex County, Canada",Government investpsp.ca,PSP Investments,Finance +investpsp.com,PSP Investments,Finance inwi.ma,Inwi,ISP inxserver.de,Inxmail,Marketing ioflood.com,IOFLOOD,Web Host @@ -2342,6 +2377,7 @@ jotelulu.cloud,Jotelulu,Web Host jotelulu.com,Jotelulu,Web Host jouwweb.site,JouwWeb,Web Host jpmchase.com,JPMorgan Chase,Finance +jpmorganchase.com,JPMorgan Chase,Finance jprdigital.in,JPR Digital,ISP jrnetdns.net.br,JRNET,ISP jrtelecom.com.br,JR Telecom,ISP @@ -2366,6 +2402,7 @@ kai.jp,KAI Group,Manufacturing kainosprint.com.au,Kainos Print,Print kaist.ac.kr,KAIST,Education kalittacharters.com,Kalitta Charters,Logistics +kaluga.ru,CentrTelecom Kaluga,ISP kamatera.com,Kamatera,IaaS kamensktel.ru,KamenskTelecom,ISP kamtv.ru,SKTV,ISP @@ -2397,6 +2434,7 @@ kddi.ne.jp,KIDDI,ISP keio.ac.jp,Keio University,Education keio.jp,Keio University,Education keliweb.com,Keliweb,Web Host +kems.net,KEMS,ISP kendall.cz,GPS Praha,Healthcare kenet.or.ke,KENET,Education kennesawtrans.com,Kennesaw Transportation,Logistics @@ -2515,6 +2553,7 @@ legenditsolutions.com,Legend IT Solutions,Web Host legroupeforget.com,Le Groupe Forget,Healthcare leidos.com,Leidos,Defense lestetelecom.com.br,Leste,ISP +letsrev.com,REV,ISP level-7.co.za,Level 7 Internet,ISP level3.com,Lumen,ISP lexi.net,Lexicom,MSP @@ -2585,6 +2624,7 @@ liveperson.net,LivePerson,SaaS liwest.at,LIWEST,ISP llnl.gov,Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,Government lloydsbankinggroup.com,Lloyds Banking Group,Finance +lluh.org,Loma Linda University Health,Healthcare llumc.edu,Loma Linda University Medical Center,Healthcare lmi.net,LMi.net,ISP loading.es,Loading,Web Host @@ -2655,6 +2695,7 @@ mada.ps,Mada,ISP maddock.net,Maddock Films,Entertainment maersk.com,Maersk,Logistics maestroit.com,Maestro IT Services,MSP +magenta.at,Magenta,ISP magentosite.cloud,Adobe Magento,SaaS magnetplus.ie,Magnet Plus,ISP magnoliarental.com,Magnolia Rental,Retail @@ -2717,6 +2758,7 @@ masmovil.com,MásMóvil,ISP masmovil.es,MásMóvil,ISP masorange.es,MásOrange,ISP mass.gov,Massachusetts Government,Government +massgeneralbrigham.org,Mass General Brigham,Healthcare mastercabo.com.br,Master Cabo,ISP masterdatanet.com.br,Master Data Net,ISP masterhost.ru,Master Host,Web Host @@ -2777,6 +2819,7 @@ megacable.com.ar,MERCO Comunicaciones,ISP megacable.com.mx,Megacable,ISP megacom.kg,MegaCom,ISP megaconnect.com.br,MegaConnect,ISP +megacp.com,iWorx Host,Web Host megadata.net.id,Megadata ISP,ISP megafon.ru,MegaFon,ISP megalink.net.ru,Мегалинк,ISP @@ -2847,6 +2890,7 @@ mihandns.com,Netmihan Communication,Web Host mila.is,Míla,ISP milkcratesdirect.com,FARMPLAST,Retail milleni.com.tr,Millenicom,ISP +millicom.com,Tigo,ISP milton.ca,Town of Milton,Government mimecast-offshore.com,Mimecast,Email Security mimecast.com,Mimecast,Email Security @@ -2988,6 +3032,7 @@ myactv.net,Antietam Broadband,ISP myaisfibre.com,AIS Fibre,ISP mybluehost.me,Bluehost,Web Host mybluepeak.com,Bluepeak,ISP +myctgs.com,CTG Server,Web Host mydataknox.com,MyDataKnox,Web Host mydatto.com,Datto,MSP mydatto.net,Datto,MSP @@ -3111,6 +3156,7 @@ netcol.com.br,Netcol,ISP netcologne.de,NetCologne,ISP netcomet.com.br,Netcomet,ISP netcore.co.in,Netcore,Marketing +netcup.com,netcup,Web Host netcup.de,netcup,Web Host netdesignhost.com,Netdesign Group,Web Host netease.com,NetEase,Email Provider @@ -3221,6 +3267,7 @@ nir-telecom.ru,NIR-Telecom,ISP nititancommercial.com,Niti Tan Commercial,Industrial nixihost.com,NixiHost,Web Host njedge.net,Edge,Nonprofit +nktelco.com,NKTELCO,ISP nktelco.net,NKTELCO,ISP nktele.com,NkTelecom,Web Host nmtrucking.com,TRC Solutions,Logistics @@ -3250,6 +3297,7 @@ nordnet.com,Nordnet,ISP nordnet.fr,Nordnet,ISP nordstrom.com,Nordstrom,Retail noris.de,noris network,Web Host +norlys.dk,Norlys,ISP noroestenet.com,NoroesteNet,ISP norrnod.se,UMDAC (Umeå University),Education nortetelecom.net.br,Norte Telecom,ISP @@ -3296,6 +3344,7 @@ ntt.com,NTT Communications,ISP nttdata.com,NTT DATA,Consulting nttdocomo.co.jp,NTT DOCMO,ISP nttdocomo.com,NTT DOCOMO,ISP +nttglobal.net,NTT Communications,ISP nttpc.co.jp,NTT PC Communications,ISP nttsmc.com,NTT SmartConnect,ISP nuevaamerica.ec,Nueva America,Retail @@ -3308,6 +3357,7 @@ nwinetworks.com,NWINetworks,MSP nwu.ac.za,North-West University,Education nxcli.net,Liquid Web,Web Host nyc.gov,City of New York,Government +nychealthandhospitals.org,NYC Health + Hospitals,Healthcare nychhc.org,NYC Health + Hospitals,Healthcare nycm.com,NYCM Insurance,Finance nycu.edu.tw,National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University,Education @@ -3580,6 +3630,7 @@ pius-hospital.de,Pius-Hospital Oldenburg,Healthcare pixeledges.com,Pixel Edges Technologies,Marketing plala.or.jp,Plala,ISP planetfiber.com.br,Planet Fiber,ISP +planethoster.fr,PlanetHoster,Web Host planethoster.net,PlanetHoster,Web Host planety.com.br,Planety Internet,ISP platform.sh,Platform.sh,PaaS @@ -3643,6 +3694,7 @@ prgmr.com,prgmr.com,Web Host primed-halberstadt.de,Primed Halberstadt,Healthcare primetel.com.cy,PrimeTel,ISP primorye.ru,Rostelecom,ISP +primus.ca,Primus,ISP primustel.ca,Primus,ISP princeton.edu,Princeton University,Education principal-it.com,Principal IT,MSP @@ -3716,6 +3768,7 @@ pwuhui.com.tw,Perfect Medical,Healthcare pxc.co.uk,TalkTalk,ISP pythonanywhere.com,PythonAnywhere,SaaS pyur.com,PŸUR,ISP +qantas.com,Qantas,Travel qantas.com.au,Qantas,Travel qcell.gm,Qcell Gambia,ISP qemailserver.com,Qualtrics,SaaS @@ -3759,7 +3812,7 @@ rackmaze.net,Rackmaze,Web Host racknation.cr,RsckNation,Web Host rackspace.com,Rackspace,Web Host radarinternet.com.br,Radar Internet,ISP -radiant.net,Telus,ISP +radiant.net,TELUS,ISP radiantsolutions.net,Radient Solutions,Web Host radware.com,Radware,Email Security rafftechnologies.com,Raff Technologies,Web Host @@ -3791,6 +3844,8 @@ rcom.co.in,Reliance Communications,ISP rdp.sh,RDP.sh,SaaS rdsnet.ro,Digi Romania,ISP re-activno.ru,Re:activno,Web Host +reach10.com,Reach Ten,ISP +reachmail.com,ReachMail,Marketing reachten.com,Reach Ten,ISP readthedocs-hosted.com,Read the Docs,SaaS readthedocs.io,Read the Docs,SaaS @@ -3874,6 +3929,7 @@ rmx.de,Retarus GmbH,SaaS rnp.br,RNP,Education robi.com.mk,Telekabel,ISP roche.com,Roche,Healthcare +rocketsoftware.com,Attachmate (Rocket Software),Technology rockwellcollins.com,Collins Aerospace,Defense rodenyc.com,RODE Advertising,Marketing rogers.com,Rogers,ISP @@ -3903,6 +3959,7 @@ rtx.com,RTX,Defense ruelala.com,Rue La La,Retail runbox.com,Runbox,Email Provider runhosting.com,RunHosting,Web Host +ruralroadshealthservices.ca,Alexandra Hospital,Healthcare rusonyx.ru,Rysonyx Cloud,Web Host rutgers.edu,Rutgers University,Education rvurology.com,Rogue Valley Urology,Healthcare @@ -3914,8 +3971,10 @@ ryoka.co.jp,Ryoka Denka Kasei,Manufacturing rzone.de,Strato AG,Web Host s-inform46.ru,Связьинформ (SvyazInform),ISP sa-net.tj,Spitamen Alexander Internet,ISP +saab.com,Saab,Defense saabgroup.com,Saab,Defense sabyrconsulting.com,Sabyr Consulting,MSP +saccounty.gov,Sacramento County,Government saccounty.net,Sacramento County,Government safari-productions.com,Safari Productions,Event Planning safaricom.co.ke,Safaricom,ISP @@ -4113,6 +4172,7 @@ shopware.store,Shopware,SaaS showakvc.co.jp,"Showa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.",Industrial showpad.com,Showpad,Marketing shtorm.com,Shtorm,ISP +shtorm.net,Shtorm,ISP shugiin.go.jp,House of Representatives of Japan,Government shyamgroup.org,Shyam Group,Conglomerate sibyl.com,Sibl Design,MSP @@ -4122,6 +4182,7 @@ sifycorp.com,Sify,ISP signal.no,Signal,ISP signalhire.com,SignalHire,SaaS signet.nl,Signet,ISP +signetbreedband.nl,Signet,ISP signium.co.jp,Signium,Consulting siho.org,Siho Insurance Services,Finance sileman.net.pl,Sileman,ISP @@ -4233,6 +4294,7 @@ sola.uz,Sola,ISP solcon.nl,Solcon,ISP solentnewsletters.uk,Solent Newsletters,Marketing solfibraotica.com.br,Sol Internet Fibra Óptica,ISP +solnet.ch,SolNet,ISP solutions.com.sa,STC,ISP somelec.mr,SOMELEC,Industrial somyatrans.com,Somya Translators,Consulting @@ -4248,6 +4310,7 @@ sougo-group.jp,Camcom Group,SaaS soui9.com.br,i9 Telecom,ISP soumaster.com.br,Master Internet,ISP southernco.com,Southern Company,Utilities +southerncompany.com,Southern Company,Utilities southlandind.com,Southland Industries,Construction souuni.com,Uni Telecom,ISP soverin.net,Soverin,Email Provider @@ -4294,6 +4357,7 @@ spnetinternet.com.br,SP NET,ISP spoje.net,SPOJE.NET,ISP spok.com,Spok,Healthcare springernature.com,Springer Nature,Education +sprint-inet.ru,SPRINTInet (Спринт-инет),ISP sprintinet.ru,SPRINTInet,ISP spt.vn,Saigon Postel,ISP square7.ch,bplaced,Web Host @@ -4321,6 +4385,7 @@ starhub.com,StarHub,ISP starkmans.com,Starkmans Health Care Depot,Healthcare starlinx.com,StrLinX,MSP starman.net.br,Star Man Net,ISP +starnet.cz,Starnet,ISP starnet.md,StarNet,ISP starnet.net.id,StarNet,ISP starnetcomunicacao.com.br,Starnet Comunicação,ISP @@ -4376,6 +4441,7 @@ succeed.net,Succeed.net,ISP sudatel.sd,Sudatel,ISP suddenlink.net,Suddenlink,ISP sulcatel.com.br,Sulcatel,ISP +sulinternet.net,Sul Internet,ISP sulnettelecom.com.br,Sulnet Telecom,ISP sulonline.net,Sul Internet,ISP sumicity.net.br,Giga+ Fibra,ISP @@ -4401,6 +4467,7 @@ superloop.au,Superloop,ISP superloop.com,Superloop,ISP supernet.com.bo,Supernet,ISP supernetes.tv.br,Supernet,ISP +supernovabih.ba,Supernova,ISP superonline.net,Turkcell Superonline,ISP supersonic.net.br,Super Sonic Telecom,ISP suportinet.com.br,Suportinet,ISP @@ -4412,6 +4479,7 @@ sureserver.com,SureSupport LLC,Web Host surf.nl,SURF,Education surfairwireless.com,Surf Internet,ISP surfer.at,T-Mobile,ISP +surfinternet.com,Surf Internet,ISP svn-repos.de,LCube,Web Host swan.sk,SWAN,ISP swcp.com,Southwest Cyberport,ISP @@ -4423,11 +4491,13 @@ swisscenter.com,SwissCenter,Web Host swisscom.ch,Swisscom,ISP switch.ch,SWITCH,Education switch.com,Switch,Web Host +swn.net,SWN Stadtwerke Neumünster,Utilities swyftfiber.com,Swyft Fiber,ISP sycwin.com,Sycwin Coating & Wires,Manufacturing syd.com.co,SyD Colombia,Healthcare symbio.global,Symbio,ISP syn-alias.com,Synacor,SaaS +syn.is,Sýn,ISP synapse.ne.jp,Synapse,ISP synccentric.com,Synccentric,SaaS synchronoss.net,Synchronoss,SaaS @@ -4452,6 +4522,7 @@ t-mobile.cz,T-Mobile,ISP t-mobile.pl,T-Mobile,ISP t-online.hu,Magyar Telekom,ISP t-systems.at,T-Systems,MSP +t-systems.com,T-Systems,MSP t-systems.de,T-Systems,MSP t2.ru,T2 Mobile,ISP tachc.org,Texas Association of Community Health Centers (TACHC),Healthcare @@ -4459,6 +4530,7 @@ tachus.com,Tachus Fiber,ISP taiwanmobile.com,Taiwan Mobile,ISP takeda.com,Takeda,Healthcare takethemameal.com,Take Them A Meal,SaaS +talktalk.business,TalkTalk Business,ISP talktalkbusiness.co.uk,TalkTalk Business,ISP talktalkplc.com,TalkTalk,ISP tami.pl,TAMI,MSP @@ -4493,6 +4565,7 @@ tec.mx,Tecnológico de Monterrey,Education tech.ru,TECH.RU,Web Host tech4hosting.com,Tech 4 Hosting,Web Host teche.net,Uniti,MSP +technolutions.com,Technolutions,SaaS technolutions.net,Technolutions,SaaS technozone.com.ph,Technozone Corporation,Construction tecwave.com.br,Tecwave Telecom,ISP @@ -4510,6 +4583,7 @@ telebecinternet.com,Telebec,ISP telebras.com.br,Telebras,ISP telecab.com.br,Telecab,ISP telecablecr.com,Telecable,ISP +telecall.com,Telecall,ISP telecall.com.br,Telecall,ISP telecel.com.gh,Telecel,ISP telecel.com.py,TELECEL,ISP @@ -4626,6 +4700,7 @@ tie.cl,Telefónica Internet Empresas S.A.,ISP tier.net,Tier.Net,Web Host tierpoint.com,TierPoint,Web Host tierzero.com,Tierzero,ISP +tieto.com,Tietoevry,Consulting tietoevry.com,Tietoevry,Consulting tigerconnect.com,TigerConnect,SaaS tigertech.net,Tiger Technologies,Web Host @@ -4644,6 +4719,7 @@ time.com.my,TIME,ISP timeetc.com,Time Etc,SaaS timeweb.ru,Timeweb,Web Host timewebcloud.kz,Timeweb Cloud,Web Host +timmehosting.de,Timme Hosting,Web Host timminsfht.ca,Timmins Family Health Team,Healthcare tinasnet.net.br,Tinasnet,ISP ting.com,Ting Internet,ISP @@ -4670,6 +4746,7 @@ tmdhosting.com,TMDHosting,Web Host tmkultra.net.br,Tmk Net,ISP tmodns.net,T-Mobile USA,ISP tmp.pe,Telcom Mikrotik Peru,ISP +tn.gov,Tennessee Government,Government tnc-neuro.com,Tallahassee Neurological Clinic,Healthcare tng.de,TNG Stadtnetz,ISP tnm.co.mw,TNM,ISP @@ -4750,6 +4827,7 @@ tufts.edu,Tufts University,Education tukan.hu,Tukan,Web Host tulsaconnect.com,TULSACONNECT,MSP tunasgroup.com,Tunas Group,Automotive +tuni.fi,Tampere University,Education tunisietelecom.tn,Tunisie Telecom,ISP turbobsb.com.br,Turbo BSB,ISP turbonetgoncalves.com.br,Turbonet Telecom,ISP @@ -4761,6 +4839,8 @@ turksat.com.tr,Türksat,ISP turktelekom.com.tr,Türk Telekom,ISP turkticaret.net,Turkticaret.Net,Web Host tuwien.ac.at,TU Wien,Education +tuwien.at,TU Wien,Education +tva.com,Tennessee Valley Authority,Utilities tva.gov,Tennessee Valley Authority,Utilities tvactelecom.com.br,TVAC Telecom,ISP tvcabo.ao,TV Cabo,ISP @@ -4771,6 +4851,7 @@ twinlakes.net,Twin Lakes Communications,ISP twl-kom.de,TWL-KOM,ISP twmbroadband.com,Taiwan Mobile,ISP twnic.net.tw,Taiwan Mobile,ISP +twnic.tw,Taiwan Mobile,ISP twu.edu,Texas Woman's University,Education tygrys.net,TYGRYS.NET,ISP tyollisyysrahasto.fi,Työllisyysrahasto,Government @@ -4858,6 +4939,7 @@ uni-halle.de,Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg,Education uni-mainz.de,Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz,Education uniabita.it,UniAbita,Real Estate unicaja.es,Unicaja,Finance +unicajabanco.es,Unicaja,Finance unicamp.br,Unicamp,Education unicanetworking.com.br,Única Networking,ISP unidata.it,Unidata,ISP @@ -4960,7 +5042,7 @@ vdsina.com,VDSina,Web Host vectra.pl,Vectra,ISP vectranet.pl,Vectra,ISP vedco.com,Vedco,Healthcare -vee.com.tw,VeeTime,ISP +vee.com.tw,VeeTIME,ISP veetime.com,VeeTIME,ISP veganet.com.tr,Veganet,ISP vegans.it,vegan/s,MSP @@ -4993,6 +5075,7 @@ vialuxfibra.com.br,VialuxFibra,ISP viamartelecom.com.br,Viamar Telecom,ISP viananet.net.br,VianaNet,ISP vianet.ca,Vianet,ISP +vianova.it,Vianova,ISP viarezo.fr,ViaRézo (CentraleSupélec),Education viasat.com,Viasat,ISP viasul.net.br,Via Sul,ISP @@ -5046,6 +5129,7 @@ viva.com.bo,Viva,ISP viva.com.do,Viva,ISP vivacom.bg,Vivacom,ISP vivatecnologia.com.br,Viva Tecnologia,ISP +vivatele.com,Viva Telecom,ISP vivatele.com.br,Viva Telecom,ISP vivicta.com,Vivicta,Consulting vivozap.com.br,Vivo Mobile,ISP @@ -5159,6 +5243,7 @@ webflow.io,Webflow,SaaS webformix.com,Webformix,ISP webglobe.com,Webglobe,Web Host webhorizon.net,WebHorizon,Web Host +webhostbd.com,Web Host BD,Web Host webhostbd.net,Web Host BD,Web Host webhosting.be,Combell,Web Host webhosting.systems,netcup,Web Host @@ -5175,6 +5260,7 @@ webpal.com,WebPal,Web Host webpal.net,WebPal,Web Host webpass.net,Google Fiber,ISP webresolver.com,Holistic Technologies,MSP +websale.de,WEBSALE,SaaS websale.net,WEBSALE,SaaS website-solution.net,Website Solution,Web Host website.one,One.com,Web Host @@ -5260,6 +5346,7 @@ workhorseirons.com,Workhorse Irons,Industrial workhuman.com,Workhuman,SaaS worksattelecom.net.br,Worksat Telecom,ISP worksmobile.com,Naver Works,SaaS +worldbank.org,World Bank Group,Nonprofit worldbankgroup.org,World Bank Group,Nonprofit worldcall.net.pk,WorldCom Telecom,ISP wowway.com,WOW!,ISP @@ -5333,6 +5420,7 @@ ykwc.com,Yellowknife Wireless,ISP your-server.de,Hetzner,Web Host your-site.com,Your-Site.Com,Web Host yourconnect.com,Yourconnect,Web Host +yourhosting.nl,Yourhosting,Web Host yourhostingaccount.com,Newfold Digital,Web Host yourmailgateway.de,netcup,Web Host yoursitesecure.net,REDCITEL,Physical Security @@ -5365,6 +5453,7 @@ zecnet.com.br,ZEC-NET,ISP zedality.com,Zedality,Web Host zen.co.uk,Zen Internet,ISP zenlayer.com,Zenlayer,IaaS +zentrointernet.com,Zentro Internet,ISP zeonet.co.in,Zeonet,ISP zeop.re,Zeop,ISP zetaglobal.net,Zeta Global,Marketing @@ -5376,6 +5465,7 @@ ziplyfiber.com,Ziply Fiber,ISP zipweb.net,Zipweb,Web Host zirrus.com,Xirrus.com,ISP zitomedia.com,Zito Media,ISP +zitomedia.net,Zito Media,ISP zixcorp.com,Zix,Email Security zixsmbhosted.com,Zix,Email Security zixworks.com,Zix,Email Security @@ -5388,6 +5478,7 @@ zohocloud.ca,Zoho,SaaS zohocorporation.com,Zoho,SaaS zohomail.com,Zoho,SaaS zoneedit.com,Zoneedit,Web Host +zoom.com,Zoom,SaaS zoom.us,Zoom,SaaS zscaler.com,Zscaler,SaaS zsttk.ru,TTK,ISP