fix(search): cap the advanced search query length

Both files exercise documents.search._schema exclusively (build_schema,
schema_fingerprint, needs_rebuild, open_or_rebuild_index) with no
dependency on whoosh-compat query routing, so they belong with the
schema/field-registry work rather than PR2's query rewrite.

pyproject.toml

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ dependencies = [
   "torch~=2.13.0",
   "watchfiles>=1.2",
   "whitenoise~=6.11",
+  "whoosh-compat[tantivy]==0.1",
   "zxing-cpp~=3.1.0",
 ]
 [project.optional-dependencies]

src/documents/search/__init__.py

@@ -6,13 +6,20 @@ from documents.search._backend import TantivyRelevanceList
 from documents.search._backend import WriteBatch
 from documents.search._backend import get_backend
 from documents.search._backend import reset_backend
+from documents.search._errors import InvalidDateQuery
+from documents.search._errors import InvalidNumberQuery
+from documents.search._errors import MultipleSearchQueryErrors
+from documents.search._errors import QueryTooLongError
+from documents.search._errors import SearchQueryError
+from documents.search._errors import search_query_error_messages
 from documents.search._schema import needs_rebuild
 from documents.search._schema import wipe_index
-from documents.search._translate import InvalidDateQuery
-from documents.search._translate import SearchQueryError
 
 __all__ = [
     "InvalidDateQuery",
+    "InvalidNumberQuery",
+    "MultipleSearchQueryErrors",
+    "QueryTooLongError",
     "SearchHit",
     "SearchIndexLockError",
     "SearchMode",
@@ -23,5 +30,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "get_backend",
     "needs_rebuild",
     "reset_backend",
+    "search_query_error_messages",
     "wipe_index",
 ]

src/documents/search/_backend.py

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import tantivy
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.utils.timezone import get_current_timezone
 
-from documents.search._query import build_permission_filter
 from documents.search._query import extract_cjk_text
 from documents.search._query import parse_simple_text_highlight_query
 from documents.search._query import parse_simple_text_query
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@ from documents.utils import QuerySetStream
 from documents.utils import identity
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Iterable
     from collections.abc import Iterator
     from collections.abc import Sequence
     from pathlib import Path
@@ -285,6 +285,47 @@ class WriteBatch:
         )
 
 
+def build_permission_filter(
+    schema: tantivy.Schema,
+    user: AbstractUser,
+    viewer_group_ids: Iterable[int] = (),
+) -> tantivy.Query:
+    """
+    Build a query filter for user document permissions.
+
+    Creates a query that matches only documents visible to the specified user
+    according to paperless-ngx permission rules:
+    - Public documents (no owner) are visible to all users
+    - Private documents are visible to their owner
+    - Documents explicitly shared with the user are visible
+    - Documents shared with one of the user's current groups are visible
+
+    Args:
+        schema: Tantivy schema for field validation
+        user: User to check permissions for
+        viewer_group_ids: Current group memberships for the user
+
+    Returns:
+        Tantivy query that filters results to visible documents
+    """
+    owner_any = tantivy.Query.exists_query("owner_id")
+    no_owner = tantivy.Query.boolean_query(
+        [
+            (tantivy.Occur.Must, tantivy.Query.all_query()),
+            (tantivy.Occur.MustNot, owner_any),
+        ],
+    )
+    owned = tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "owner_id", user.pk)
+    shared = tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "viewer_id", user.pk)
+    group_shared = [
+        tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "viewer_group_id", group_id)
+        for group_id in viewer_group_ids
+    ]
+    return tantivy.Query.disjunction_max_query(
+        [no_owner, owned, shared, *group_shared],
+    )
+
+
 class TantivyBackend:
     """
     Tantivy search backend with explicit lifecycle management.
@@ -458,7 +499,6 @@ class TantivyBackend:
             doc.add_text("correspondent_sort", document.correspondent.name)
             if cjk_corr := extract_cjk_text(document.correspondent.name):
                 doc.add_text("bigram_correspondent", cjk_corr)
-            doc.add_unsigned("correspondent_id", document.correspondent_id)
 
         # Document type
         if document.document_type:
@@ -466,12 +506,10 @@ class TantivyBackend:
             doc.add_text("type_sort", document.document_type.name)
             if cjk_type := extract_cjk_text(document.document_type.name):
                 doc.add_text("bigram_document_type", cjk_type)
-            doc.add_unsigned("document_type_id", document.document_type_id)
 
         # Storage path
         if document.storage_path:
             doc.add_text("storage_path", document.storage_path.name)
-            doc.add_unsigned("storage_path_id", document.storage_path_id)
 
         # Tags — collect names for autocomplete in the same pass
         tag_names: list[str] = []
@@ -479,12 +517,13 @@ class TantivyBackend:
             doc.add_text("tag", tag.name)
             if cjk_tag := extract_cjk_text(tag.name):
                 doc.add_text("bigram_tag", cjk_tag)
-            doc.add_unsigned("tag_id", tag.pk)
             tag_names.append(tag.name)
 
         # Notes — JSON for structured queries (notes.user:alice, notes.note:text).
         # notes_text is a plain-text companion for snippet/highlight generation;
-        # tantivy's SnippetGenerator does not support JSON fields.
+        # tantivy's SnippetGenerator does not support JSON fields. It is not in
+        # _DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, so an unqualified query never searches it: a
+        # note matches through the JSON field or not at all.
         num_notes = 0
         note_texts: list[str] = []
         for note in document.notes.all():
@@ -500,8 +539,9 @@ class TantivyBackend:
         if note_texts:
             doc.add_text("notes_text", " ".join(note_texts))
 
-        # Custom fields — JSON for structured queries (custom_fields.name:x, custom_fields.value:y),
+        # Custom fields: JSON for structured queries (custom_fields.name:x,
-        # companion text field for default full-text search.
+        # custom_fields.value:y). There is no companion text field here, unlike
+        # notes: custom field values are reachable only through the JSON field.
         for cfi in document.custom_fields.all():
             search_value = cfi.value_for_search
             # Skip fields where there is no value yet
@@ -668,7 +708,17 @@ class TantivyBackend:
         user_query = self._parse_query(query, search_mode)
         highlight_query = user_query
         if search_mode is SearchMode.TEXT:
-            highlight_query = parse_simple_text_highlight_query(self._index, query)
+            try:
+                highlight_query = parse_simple_text_highlight_query(
+                    self._index,
+                    query,
+                )
+            except ValueError:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Skipping simple text highlight query: token string is not "
+                    "valid tantivy query syntax: %r",
+                    query,
+                )
 
         # For notes_text snippet generation, we need a query that targets the
         # notes_text field directly. user_query may contain JSON-field terms

src/documents/search/_dates.py

@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from datetime import UTC
-from datetime import date
-from datetime import datetime
-from datetime import timedelta
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
-from typing import Final
-
-from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from datetime import tzinfo
-
-_DATE_ONLY_FIELDS = frozenset({"created"})
-
-_TODAY: Final[str] = "today"
-_YESTERDAY: Final[str] = "yesterday"
-_PREVIOUS_WEEK: Final[str] = "previous week"
-_THIS_MONTH: Final[str] = "this month"
-_PREVIOUS_MONTH: Final[str] = "previous month"
-_THIS_YEAR: Final[str] = "this year"
-_PREVIOUS_YEAR: Final[str] = "previous year"
-_PREVIOUS_QUARTER: Final[str] = "previous quarter"
-
-_DATE_KEYWORDS = frozenset(
-    {
-        _TODAY,
-        _YESTERDAY,
-        _PREVIOUS_WEEK,
-        _THIS_MONTH,
-        _PREVIOUS_MONTH,
-        _THIS_YEAR,
-        _PREVIOUS_YEAR,
-        _PREVIOUS_QUARTER,
-    },
-)
-
-
-def _fmt(dt: datetime) -> str:
-    """Format a datetime as an ISO 8601 UTC string for use in Tantivy range queries."""
-    return dt.astimezone(UTC).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
-
-
-def _iso_range(lo: datetime, hi: datetime) -> str:
-    """
-    Format a half-open ``[lo TO hi)`` range in ISO 8601 for Tantivy query syntax.
-
-    ``hi`` is always the exclusive ceiling of a computed period (the start of
-    the *next* day/week/month/quarter/year), so the closing bracket must be
-    the Tantivy exclusive-range brace ``}`` rather than ``]`` — otherwise the
-    first instant of the following period (e.g. the 1st of next month) is
-    incorrectly included in the match.
-    """
-    return f"[{_fmt(lo)} TO {_fmt(hi)}}}"
-
-
-def _quarter_start(d: date) -> date:
-    """Return the first day of the calendar quarter containing ``d``."""
-    return date(d.year, ((d.month - 1) // 3) * 3 + 1, 1)
-
-
-def _midnight(d: date, tz: tzinfo) -> datetime:
-    """Convert a calendar date at local-timezone midnight to a UTC datetime."""
-    return datetime(d.year, d.month, d.day, tzinfo=tz).astimezone(UTC)
-
-
-def _keyword_bounds(keyword: str, tz: tzinfo) -> tuple[date, date]:
-    """
-    Map a relative date keyword to ``(start, exclusive_end)`` calendar dates.
-
-    ``tz`` only determines what "today" is; the caller decides how the returned
-    dates become UTC datetime boundaries (date-only vs. local-midnight offset).
-    """
-    today = datetime.now(tz).date()
-    if keyword == _TODAY:
-        return today, today + timedelta(days=1)
-    if keyword == _YESTERDAY:
-        return today - timedelta(days=1), today
-    if keyword == _PREVIOUS_WEEK:
-        this_monday = today - timedelta(days=today.weekday())
-        return this_monday - timedelta(weeks=1), this_monday
-    if keyword == _THIS_MONTH:
-        first = today.replace(day=1)
-        return first, first + relativedelta(months=1)
-    if keyword == _PREVIOUS_MONTH:
-        this_first = today.replace(day=1)
-        return this_first - relativedelta(months=1), this_first
-    if keyword == _THIS_YEAR:
-        return date(today.year, 1, 1), date(today.year + 1, 1, 1)
-    if keyword == _PREVIOUS_YEAR:
-        return date(today.year - 1, 1, 1), date(today.year, 1, 1)
-    if keyword == _PREVIOUS_QUARTER:
-        this_quarter = _quarter_start(today)
-        return this_quarter - relativedelta(months=3), this_quarter
-    raise ValueError(f"Unknown keyword: {keyword}")
-
-
-def _date_only_range(keyword: str, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """
-    For `created` (DateField): use the local calendar date, converted to
-    midnight UTC boundaries. No offset arithmetic — date only.
-    """
-    start, end = _keyword_bounds(keyword, tz)
-    lo = datetime(start.year, start.month, start.day, tzinfo=UTC)
-    hi = datetime(end.year, end.month, end.day, tzinfo=UTC)
-    return _iso_range(lo, hi)
-
-
-def _datetime_range(keyword: str, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """
-    For `added` / `modified` (DateTimeField, stored as UTC): convert local day
-    boundaries to UTC — full offset arithmetic required.
-    """
-    start, end = _keyword_bounds(keyword, tz)
-    return _iso_range(_midnight(start, tz), _midnight(end, tz))
-
-
-def _precision_bounds(digits: str) -> tuple[date, date] | None:
-    """
-    Map a 4/6/8-digit date token to (start, exclusive_end) calendar dates.
-
-    YYYY -> whole year, YYYYMM -> whole month, YYYYMMDD -> single day.
-    Returns None for any unparsable or out-of-range value (e.g. month 23),
-    so callers can emit a no-match clause instead of erroring (Whoosh parity).
-    """
-    try:
-        if len(digits) == 4:
-            year = int(digits)
-            return date(year, 1, 1), date(year + 1, 1, 1)
-        if len(digits) == 6:
-            year, month = int(digits[:4]), int(digits[4:6])
-            start = date(year, month, 1)
-            end = date(year + 1, 1, 1) if month == 12 else date(year, month + 1, 1)
-            return start, end
-        if len(digits) == 8:
-            start = date(int(digits[:4]), int(digits[4:6]), int(digits[6:8]))
-            return start, start + timedelta(days=1)
-    except ValueError:
-        return None
-    return None
-
-
-def _utc_bounds_for_field(
-    field: str,
-    start: date,
-    end: date,
-    tz: tzinfo,
-) -> tuple[datetime, datetime]:
-    """
-    Convert calendar-date bounds to UTC datetimes per the field's storage type.
-
-    For DateField (``created``) the bounds are UTC midnight (no offset). For
-    DateTimeField (``added``/``modified``) the bounds are local-tz midnight
-    converted to UTC, matching how each field is indexed.
-    """
-    if field in _DATE_ONLY_FIELDS:
-        return (
-            datetime(start.year, start.month, start.day, tzinfo=UTC),
-            datetime(end.year, end.month, end.day, tzinfo=UTC),
-        )
-    return (
-        datetime(start.year, start.month, start.day, tzinfo=tz).astimezone(UTC),
-        datetime(end.year, end.month, end.day, tzinfo=tz).astimezone(UTC),
-    )
-
-
-def _field_range_from_dates(field: str, start: date, end: date, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """Build a Tantivy ``field:[lo TO hi]`` ISO range from calendar-date bounds."""
-    lo, hi = _utc_bounds_for_field(field, start, end, tz)
-    return f"{field}:{_iso_range(lo, hi)}"

src/documents/search/_errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+
+class SearchQueryError(ValueError):
+    """
+    Base for user-fixable search query errors.
+
+    Carries a message safe to surface to the user (no internal details). The
+    view layer catches this and returns an HTTP 400, so any future subclass
+    gets the same treatment.
+    """
+
+
+class InvalidDateQuery(SearchQueryError):
+    """Raised when a date field value or range bound cannot be parsed."""
+
+    def __init__(self, field: str | None, value: str | None) -> None:
+        self.field = field
+        self.value = value
+        super().__init__(f"Invalid date value {value!r} for field {field!r}.")
+
+
+class InvalidNumberQuery(SearchQueryError):
+    """Raised when a numeric field value or range bound cannot be parsed."""
+
+    def __init__(self, field: str | None, value: str | None) -> None:
+        self.field = field
+        self.value = value
+        super().__init__(f"Invalid numeric value {value!r} for field {field!r}.")
+
+
+class QueryTooLongError(SearchQueryError):
+    """Raised when a query string exceeds the maximum allowed length.
+
+    whoosh-compat's fieldname tagger is O(n^2) in plain word characters, so an
+    unbounded query is a CPU-exhaustion vector against a single request
+    handler. This is a hard boundary, not a validation nicety.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, length: int, limit: int) -> None:
+        self.length = length
+        self.limit = limit
+        super().__init__(
+            f"The search query is too long ({length} characters). "
+            f"The maximum allowed length is {limit} characters.",
+        )
+
+
+class MultipleSearchQueryErrors(SearchQueryError):
+    """Aggregates every user-fixable error from one parse, not just the first."""
+
+    def __init__(self, errors: Sequence[SearchQueryError]) -> None:
+        self.errors = tuple(errors)
+        super().__init__("; ".join(str(e) for e in self.errors))
+
+
+def search_query_error_messages(e: SearchQueryError) -> list[str]:
+    """The user-facing message list for a SearchQueryError.
+
+    Every offending value's message, not just the first, so the user can
+    fix them all in one round-trip. Shared by every view that maps
+    SearchQueryError to an HTTP 400.
+    """
+    if isinstance(e, MultipleSearchQueryErrors):
+        return [str(sub) for sub in e.errors]
+    return [str(e)]

src/documents/search/_fields.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from whoosh_compat import FieldKind
+from whoosh_compat import FieldSpec
+from whoosh_compat import SubpathSpec
+
+# Internal-only schema fields with no query-syntax meaning of their own
+# (sort shadow fields, bigram CJK fields, simple_title/simple_content,
+# autocomplete_word, notes_text) are NOT represented here, they are
+# declared in _schema.py's field_descriptors().
+#
+# analyzer/pattern_normalizer are deliberately left at FieldSpec's default
+# (None): they're language-specific and only meaningful to whoosh-compat's
+# parser, so _registry.py attaches them per-language via dataclasses.replace()
+# rather than PUBLIC_FIELDS declaring them itself. _schema.py only reads
+# name/kind/fast and never sees the analyzer at all.
+PUBLIC_FIELDS: tuple[FieldSpec, ...] = (
+    FieldSpec("title", FieldKind.TEXT),
+    FieldSpec("content", FieldKind.TEXT),
+    FieldSpec("correspondent", FieldKind.TEXT),
+    FieldSpec("document_type", FieldKind.TEXT, aliases=("type",)),
+    FieldSpec("storage_path", FieldKind.TEXT, aliases=("path",)),
+    FieldSpec("original_filename", FieldKind.TEXT),
+    FieldSpec("tag", FieldKind.TEXT, comma_values=True),
+    FieldSpec("checksum", FieldKind.KEYWORD),
+    FieldSpec("asn", FieldKind.U64, fast=True),
+    FieldSpec("page_count", FieldKind.U64, fast=True),
+    FieldSpec("num_notes", FieldKind.U64, fast=True),
+    FieldSpec("created", FieldKind.DATE, date_only=True, fast=True),
+    FieldSpec("modified", FieldKind.DATETIME, fast=True),
+    FieldSpec("added", FieldKind.DATETIME, fast=True),
+    FieldSpec(
+        "notes",
+        FieldKind.JSON,
+        subpaths={"user": SubpathSpec(), "note": SubpathSpec(default=True)},
+    ),
+    FieldSpec(
+        "custom_fields",
+        FieldKind.JSON,
+        subpaths={"name": SubpathSpec(), "value": SubpathSpec(default=True)},
+    ),
+)

src/documents/search/_query.py

@@ -6,22 +6,30 @@ from typing import Final
 
 import regex
 import tantivy
+import whoosh_compat as wc
 from django.conf import settings
+from whoosh_compat.emitters.tantivy_ import emit as tantivy_emit
+from whoosh_compat.errors import Cause
+from whoosh_compat.errors import Diagnostic
+from whoosh_compat.errors import DiagnosticKind
+from whoosh_compat.errors import QueryError
 
+from documents.search._errors import InvalidDateQuery
+from documents.search._errors import InvalidNumberQuery
+from documents.search._errors import MultipleSearchQueryErrors
+from documents.search._errors import SearchQueryError
+from documents.search._registry import get_field_registry
 from documents.search._tokenizer import simple_search_tokens
-from documents.search._translate import SearchQueryError
-from documents.search._translate import translate_query
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from collections.abc import Iterable
     from datetime import tzinfo
 
-    from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser
-
 logger = logging.getLogger("paperless.search")
 
-# Maximum seconds any single regex substitution may run.
+# Maximum seconds any single regex substitution over user-supplied query text
-# Prevents ReDoS on adversarial user-supplied query strings.
+# may run. The one remaining use is a character class, which cannot backtrack,
+# so the bound is an upper limit on that substitution's cost, not the ReDoS
+# guard it was originally written as.
 _REGEX_TIMEOUT: Final[float] = 1.0
 
 # Matches CJK/Hangul characters so queries can be routed to bigram fields.
@@ -29,6 +37,64 @@ _REGEX_TIMEOUT: Final[float] = 1.0
 _CJK_RE: Final = regex.compile(r"[\p{Han}\p{Hiragana}\p{Katakana}\p{Hangul}]+")
 
 
+def _user_facing_emit_message(d: Diagnostic) -> str:
+    """A user-safe message for an emit-time QueryError's Diagnostic.
+
+    Built from the Diagnostic's structured fields (kind, field), never from
+    d.message: whoosh-compat documents that as developer/log output with no
+    stability guarantee, and PATTERN_TOO_COMPLEX embeds the raw backend
+    error text in it.
+    """
+    field = str(d.field) if d.field is not None else None
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST:
+        return f"Existence searches (field:*) are not supported for field {field!r}."
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.TEXT_RANGE:
+        return f"Range searches are not supported for field {field!r}."
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_TOO_COMPLEX:
+        return f"The wildcard pattern for field {field!r} is too complex."
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.SCHEMA_FIELD_MISSING:
+        return f"Field {field!r} is not available in the search index."
+    logger.warning("Unmapped emit diagnostic %s: %s", d.kind, d.message)
+    return "The search query could not be executed."
+
+
+def _map_emit_error(e: QueryError) -> SearchQueryError:
+    """Route an emit-time QueryError by its Diagnostic's Cause.
+
+    INVALID_INPUT/UNSUPPORTED are user-input errors, exactly like a parse
+    diagnostic, and map to a 400. INTERNAL means a defect in whoosh-compat
+    or in our own AST handling, never the user's query, so the QueryError is
+    re-raised rather than converted, reaching the generic 500 handler instead
+    of blaming the query. MISCONFIGURED is deliberately both: the registry and
+    the index schema disagree, which only an operator can fix, so it is logged
+    as an error, but a request is still waiting and the query cannot run
+    either way, so it also returns a 400.
+
+    EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST is the one MISCONFIGURED kind that is not a
+    disagreement. whoosh-compat derives it from the registry's own FieldSpec
+    (kind plus fast) without ever consulting the index schema, so it fires
+    whenever a non-fast field of a kind that cannot answer "exists" is asked
+    to: for us that is only the JSON fields, which field_descriptors() builds
+    non-fast on purpose. "notes:*" and the five other spellings of it are
+    ordinary user error that no operator action can clear, so they get the
+    400 without the alert.
+    """
+    d = e.diagnostic
+    if d.cause is Cause.INTERNAL:
+        raise e
+    if (
+        d.cause is Cause.MISCONFIGURED
+        and d.kind is not DiagnosticKind.EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST
+    ):
+        logger.error(
+            "Search index misconfiguration for field %s (%s): %s",
+            d.field,
+            d.kind.name,
+            d.message,
+        )
+    return SearchQueryError(_user_facing_emit_message(d))
+
+
 def _has_cjk(text: str) -> bool:
     """Return True if text contains any CJK characters."""
     return bool(_CJK_RE.search(text))
@@ -37,14 +103,36 @@ def _has_cjk(text: str) -> bool:
 def extract_cjk_text(text: str) -> str:
     """Join the CJK runs in ``text`` for indexing into bigram (char-ngram) fields.
 
-    Mirrors the query side (``_build_cjk_query``): only CJK runs are ever searched
+    Mirrors the query side, which extracts the CJK runs of whatever it is
-    against the bigram fields, so only CJK runs are worth indexing there. Latin
+    about to search for (the raw string in simple modes, the parsed query's
-    text fed to a character-bigram field is never matched and only bloats the
+    free-text tokens in query mode): only CJK runs are ever searched against
+    the bigram fields, so only CJK runs are worth indexing there. Latin text
+    fed to a character-bigram field is never matched and only bloats the
     index and slows indexing/merge. Returns "" when there is no CJK text.
     """
     return " ".join(_CJK_RE.findall(text))
 
 
+def _parse_cjk_text(
+    index: tantivy.Index,
+    cjk_text: str,
+    fields: list[str],
+) -> tantivy.Query | None:
+    """Parse a plain CJK run string against ``fields``, or None if it won't parse."""
+    try:
+        return index.parse_query(cjk_text, fields)
+    except Exception:
+        # Broad on purpose, unlike _try_parse_fuzzy_query's narrower
+        # ValueError: cjk_text isn't filtered to a guaranteed-safe token
+        # set the way the fuzzy blend's word string is, so the exact
+        # failure mode tantivy could raise here isn't pinned down.
+        logger.debug(
+            "Skipping CJK search clause: could not parse CJK text: %r",
+            cjk_text,
+        )
+        return None
+
+
 def _build_cjk_query(
     index: tantivy.Index,
     raw_query: str,
@@ -52,91 +140,259 @@ def _build_cjk_query(
 ) -> tantivy.Query | None:
     """Build a bigram-field query from the CJK runs in ``raw_query``.
 
-    Only the CJK character runs are extracted and parsed; ASCII field prefixes,
+    For the simple (TEXT/TITLE) modes, whose input is plain text and carries
-    boolean operators and date keywords are discarded. This keeps the CJK clause
+    no query grammar to respect. Only the CJK character runs are extracted, so
-    plain-text and consistent across query/simple modes (no leaked ``field:``
+    a stray ``field:`` prefix or ``-``/``+`` in the input can neither leak
-    semantics, no parse failures from spaced ``-``/``+``), and avoids feeding
+    field semantics nor fail the parse, and no Latin token reaches the
-    Latin tokens into the character-bigram matcher (which would produce spurious
+    character-bigram matcher (where it would produce spurious matches against
-    matches against unrelated Latin text). Returns None when there is no CJK
+    unrelated Latin text). Returns None when there is no CJK text or the parse
-    text or the parse fails.
+    fails.
     """
-    cjk_text = " ".join(_CJK_RE.findall(raw_query))
+    cjk_text = extract_cjk_text(raw_query)
     if not cjk_text:
         return None
+    return _parse_cjk_text(index, cjk_text, fields)
+
+
+def _build_ast_cjk_query(
+    index: tantivy.Index,
+    ast: wc.ast.Node,
+    registry: wc.FieldRegistry,
+) -> tantivy.Query | None:
+    """Build the bigram clause of a QUERY-mode search from the parsed AST.
+
+    Same discipline as the fuzzy clause (see _try_parse_fuzzy_query): the CJK
+    runs come from whoosh_compat's ``free_text_tokens`` over the parsed tree,
+    never from the raw query string, so a term the user negated or restricted
+    to a field outside the default search fields contributes nothing, instead
+    of resurfacing as a top-level clause matching every bigram field.
+
+    ``free_text_tokens`` reports no field of its own, so the tokens are
+    collected one default field at a time: a bare term, which the parser has
+    already copied onto every default field, is therefore searched across
+    every bigram field, while ``title:東京`` reaches ``bigram_title`` alone.
+    Fields whose CJK text is identical (the bare-term case) share a single
+    parse over all of their bigram fields at once.
+
+    Raw (``analyzed=False``) tokens are used because the bigram fields have
+    their own character-ngram analyzer: the default fields' word analyzers
+    have no useful say over a CJK run, and running them first would only
+    risk dropping it (remove_long) before the run is ever extracted.
+    Returns None when the query has no CJK free text.
+    """
+    fields_by_text: dict[str, list[str]] = {}
+    for field, bigram_field in _CJK_BIGRAM_FIELDS.items():
+        tokens = wc.free_text_tokens(
+            ast,
+            registry=registry,
+            fields=[field],
+            analyzed=False,
+        )
+        cjk_text = extract_cjk_text(" ".join(tokens))
+        if cjk_text:
+            fields_by_text.setdefault(cjk_text, []).append(bigram_field)
+
+    clauses: list[tuple[tantivy.Occur, tantivy.Query]] = [
+        (tantivy.Occur.Should, query)
+        for cjk_text, bigram_fields in fields_by_text.items()
+        if (query := _parse_cjk_text(index, cjk_text, bigram_fields)) is not None
+    ]
+    return _any_of(clauses) if clauses else None
+
+
+# A joined fuzzy word string must stay plain words: it goes back through
+# tantivy's own query parser, and the raw query text the clause collects
+# routinely carries characters that parser reads as grammar (a colon, a
+# bracket, a quote, a leading -). Each token is cut into its word runs and
+# only those are kept, so no field syntax, pattern, range or grouping can
+# reach the parser. Cutting rather than dropping the whole token is what
+# keeps ordinary hyphenated, dotted and quoted input ("COVID-19",
+# "hello@example.com", "tax reports") contributing to the clause at all.
+_WORD_RUN_RE = regex.compile(r"\w+")
+
+# The one piece of tantivy grammar that survives the cut: its boolean
+# keywords are themselves word runs. Only these exact spellings are
+# grammar there ("And"/"and" are ordinary terms), so lowercasing exactly
+# these turns them back into the ordinary terms the field analyzer used to
+# make of them, before the clause switched to raw text. Left alone, a
+# quoted phrase would silently restructure the clause ("tax AND reports"
+# becoming a conjunction) or fail to parse and drop it entirely
+# ("tax AND", or "IN" anywhere).
+#
+# Only these words are touched: tantivy lowercases query terms with the
+# field's own analyzer, and doing it ourselves first is not always the
+# same operation (Python folds a final sigma to a different letter than
+# tantivy does, and turns Turkish 'İ' into a sequence tantivy then splits
+# in two), which would search for terms the index does not contain.
+_TANTIVY_KEYWORDS: Final[frozenset[str]] = frozenset({"AND", "OR", "NOT", "IN"})
+
+
+def _try_parse_fuzzy_query(
+    index: tantivy.Index,
+    ast: wc.ast.Node,
+    registry: wc.FieldRegistry,
+) -> tantivy.Query | None:
+    """Build the fuzzy blend clause from the parsed query's free-text
+    words, or None if it has none.
+
+    The clause is built by handing tantivy's own query parser a plain
+    word string (there's no clean AST-level fuzzy equivalent to
+    whoosh-compat's parse tree, and fuzzy matching was always an
+    approximate, secondary, 0.1-boosted clause). The words come from
+    whoosh_compat's ``free_text_tokens`` over the already-parsed AST,
+    never from the raw query string: raw whoosh grammar (date keywords,
+    ``[2005 to 2009]`` ranges, bracket-class wildcards) is not tantivy
+    syntax, and feeding it here used to knock the fuzzy clause out for
+    the whole query the moment any such construct appeared alongside a
+    typo'd word. The helper also keeps excluded terms out: a ``NOT``'d
+    word must not resurface through the fuzzy clause.
+
+    Chosen trade-off: a term explicitly fielded on one of the default
+    search fields (``correspondent:acme``) contributes its text to the
+    word string UNFIELDED, so the fuzzy clause searches it across all
+    default fields rather than just the one the user named. That is
+    recall-only widening on a secondary 0.1-boosted clause the score
+    threshold already disciplines, accepted in exchange for never feeding
+    field syntax to tantivy's parser. What the word string guarantees is
+    exactly that: no field prefix, pattern, range, grouping or quoting
+    survives, and the boolean keywords that do survive (they are word
+    runs) are lowercased into ordinary terms; see _TANTIVY_KEYWORDS.
+
+    The words are the query's RAW text, not the analyzer's output
+    (``analyzed=False``), because ``index.parse_query`` analyzes whatever
+    it is given and analysis is not idempotent: ``universities`` stems to
+    ``univers``, and handing that back stems it again to ``univ``, a term
+    the index does not contain. ``prefix=True`` hid this as over-broad
+    matching (``univ`` also prefixes ``unicycle``) rather than as no
+    matches at all. Raw text is untokenized, which is why it is cut into
+    word runs above rather than taken whole.
+
+    The ValueError guard stays as insurance (the word string is plain
+    tokens, so tantivy accepting it is expected, not assumed): on a parse
+    failure the fuzzy clause is skipped and the exact/CJK clauses stand,
+    rather than the whole query failing.
+    """
+    tokens = wc.free_text_tokens(
+        ast,
+        registry=registry,
+        fields=_DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS,
+        analyzed=False,
+    )
+    words = list(
+        dict.fromkeys(
+            word.lower() if word in _TANTIVY_KEYWORDS else word
+            for token in tokens
+            for word in _WORD_RUN_RE.findall(token)
+        ),
+    )
+    if not words:
+        return None
+    fuzzy_text = " ".join(words)
     try:
-        return index.parse_query(cjk_text, fields)
+        return index.parse_query(
-    except Exception:
+            fuzzy_text,
+            _DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS,
+            field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS,
+            fuzzy_fields={f: (True, 1, True) for f in _DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS},
+        )
+    except ValueError:
+        logger.debug(
+            "Skipping fuzzy search clause: token string is not valid "
+            "tantivy query syntax: %r",
+            fuzzy_text,
+        )
         return None
 
 
-def build_permission_filter(
+_DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS: Final[list[str]] = [
-    schema: tantivy.Schema,
-    user: AbstractBaseUser,
-    viewer_group_ids: Iterable[int] = (),
-) -> tantivy.Query:
-    """
-    Build a query filter for user document permissions.
-
-    Creates a query that matches only documents visible to the specified user
-    according to paperless-ngx permission rules:
-    - Public documents (no owner) are visible to all users
-    - Private documents are visible to their owner
-    - Documents explicitly shared with the user are visible
-    - Documents shared with one of the user's current groups are visible
-
-    Args:
-        schema: Tantivy schema for field validation
-        user: User to check permissions for
-        viewer_group_ids: Current group memberships for the user
-
-    Returns:
-        Tantivy query that filters results to visible documents
-    """
-    owner_any = tantivy.Query.exists_query("owner_id")
-    no_owner = tantivy.Query.boolean_query(
-        [
-            (tantivy.Occur.Must, tantivy.Query.all_query()),
-            (tantivy.Occur.MustNot, owner_any),
-        ],
-    )
-    owned = tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "owner_id", user.pk)
-    shared = tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "viewer_id", user.pk)
-    group_shared = [
-        tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "viewer_group_id", group_id)
-        for group_id in viewer_group_ids
-    ]
-    return tantivy.Query.disjunction_max_query(
-        [no_owner, owned, shared, *group_shared],
-    )
-
-
-DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS = [
     "title",
     "content",
     "correspondent",
     "document_type",
     "tag",
 ]
-SIMPLE_SEARCH_FIELDS = ["simple_title", "simple_content"]
+_SIMPLE_SEARCH_FIELDS: Final[list[str]] = ["simple_title", "simple_content"]
-TITLE_SEARCH_FIELDS = ["simple_title"]
+_TITLE_SEARCH_FIELDS: Final[list[str]] = ["simple_title"]
-_CJK_ALL_FIELDS: Final[list[str]] = [
+# The bigram (character-ngram) companion of each default search field.
-    "bigram_content",
+_CJK_BIGRAM_FIELDS: Final[dict[str, str]] = {
-    "bigram_title",
+    field: f"bigram_{field}" for field in _DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS
-    "bigram_correspondent",
+}
-    "bigram_document_type",
-    "bigram_tag",
-]
 _CJK_CONTENT_FIELDS: Final[list[str]] = ["bigram_content"]
 _CJK_TITLE_FIELDS: Final[list[str]] = ["bigram_title"]
 _FIELD_BOOSTS = {"title": 2.0}
 _SIMPLE_FIELD_BOOSTS = {"simple_title": 2.0}
 
 
-def _simple_query_tokens(raw_query: str) -> list[str]:
+class _ConjunctiveNegations(wc.ast.Visitor[tuple["wc.ast.Node", ...]]):
-    # Tokenize and fold via the same analyzer used to index simple_title /
+    """Collect the subtrees an AST excludes from every document it matches.
-    # simple_content, so query terms fold identically to the indexed terms
+
-    # (single source of truth for ASCII folding).
+    A negation reached through ``And``/``AndNot``/``Require`` (and through
-    return simple_search_tokens(raw_query)
+    the required half of an ``AndMaybe``) constrains the whole query, so it
+    can be re-stated above the blend. ``Or`` is deliberately not descended
+    into: in ``invoice OR NOT secret`` the negation is one branch's own
+    condition, and hoisting it would throw away documents the other branch
+    matches. Nor is a collected subtree descended into, since a negation
+    inside a negation is not an exclusion.
+
+    Node types with no negation to contribute (every leaf, ``Or``) fall
+    through to ``generic_visit``.
+    """
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node: wc.ast.Node) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return ()
+
+    def visit_not(self, node: wc.ast.Not) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return (node.child,)
+
+    def visit_andnot(self, node: wc.ast.AndNot) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return (*self.visit(node.positive), node.negative)
+
+    def visit_and(self, node: wc.ast.And) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return tuple(
+            negation for child in node.children for negation in self.visit(child)
+        )
+
+    def visit_boosted(self, node: wc.ast.Boosted) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return self.visit(node.child)
+
+    def visit_andmaybe(self, node: wc.ast.AndMaybe) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return self.visit(node.required)
+
+    def visit_require(self, node: wc.ast.Require) -> tuple[wc.ast.Node, ...]:
+        return (*self.visit(node.scored), *self.visit(node.filter_only))
+
+
+def _negation_clauses(
+    index: tantivy.Index,
+    ast: wc.ast.Node,
+    registry: wc.FieldRegistry,
+) -> list[tuple[tantivy.Occur, tantivy.Query]]:
+    """MustNot clauses for everything ``ast`` excludes conjunctively.
+
+    Each excluded subtree is emitted as its own positive query and attached
+    with ``MustNot``, rather than emitting a negative query and hoping
+    tantivy accepts a bare one.
+    """
+    try:
+        return [
+            (
+                tantivy.Occur.MustNot,
+                tantivy_emit(negation, index=index, registry=registry),
+            )
+            for negation in _ConjunctiveNegations().visit(ast)
+        ]
+    except QueryError as e:
+        raise _map_emit_error(e) from e
+
+
+def _any_of(clauses: list[tuple[tantivy.Occur, tantivy.Query]]) -> tantivy.Query:
+    """Collapse a clause list: none -> empty, one -> itself (no wasted
+    single-clause boolean_query wrapping), many -> boolean_query(clauses)."""
+    if not clauses:
+        return tantivy.Query.empty_query()
+    if len(clauses) == 1:
+        return clauses[0][1]
+    return tantivy.Query.boolean_query(clauses)
 
 
 def _build_simple_token_query(
@@ -168,9 +424,7 @@ def _build_simple_token_query(
             query = tantivy.Query.boost_query(query, boost)
         field_queries.append((tantivy.Occur.Should, query))
 
-    if len(field_queries) == 1:
+    return _any_of(field_queries)
-        return field_queries[0][1]
-    return tantivy.Query.boolean_query(field_queries)
 
 
 def parse_user_query(
@@ -179,52 +433,53 @@ def parse_user_query(
     tz: tzinfo,
 ) -> tantivy.Query:
     """
-    Parse user query through the complete preprocessing pipeline.
+    Parse user query through whoosh-compat, then blend in fuzzy/CJK clauses.
 
-    Transforms the raw user query through multiple stages:
+    1. wc.parse() against the shared FieldRegistry (whoosh grammar -> AST).
-    1. Date keyword rewriting (today → ISO 8601 ranges)
+       Bare notes:/custom_fields: prefixes resolve to their default subpath
-    2. Query normalization (comma expansion, whitespace cleanup)
+       (notes.note:/custom_fields.value:) directly in the registry, via
-    3. Tantivy parsing with field boosts
+       each JSON field's SubpathSpec(default=True).
-    4. Optional fuzzy query blending (if ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD set)
+    2. Any diagnostics (bad dates/numbers) map to SearchQueryError subclasses
-
+       and raise, the view returns HTTP 400 with every offending field
-    Args:
+       listed, not just the first.
-        index: Tantivy index with registered tokenizers
+    3. emit() turns the AST into a tantivy.Query directly (no string
-        raw_query: Original user query string
+       round-trip). A QueryError is routed by its Diagnostic's Cause
-        tz: Timezone for date boundary calculations
+       (_map_emit_error): a construct that parses but can't execute against
-
+       tantivy (e.g. a text-field range) is a 400, a registry/schema
-    Returns:
+       mismatch is logged and a 400, and an INTERNAL defect is re-raised.
-        Parsed Tantivy query ready for execution
+    4. Optional fuzzy blend (ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD) builds a
-
+       plain word string from the parsed AST's free-text tokens
-    Note:
+       (whoosh_compat.free_text_tokens) and feeds THAT to
-        When ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD is configured, adds a low-priority
+       index.parse_query, never raw_query, whose whoosh grammar (date
-        fuzzy query as a Should clause (0.1 boost) to catch approximate matches
+       keywords, bracket-class wildcards, etc.) tantivy's parser rejects,
-        while keeping exact matches ranked higher. The threshold value is applied
+       which used to silently knock the fuzzy clause out of any mixed
-        as a post-search score filter, not during query construction.
+       query (see _try_parse_fuzzy_query).
+    5. Optional CJK bigram clause, built from the same parsed AST for the
+       same reason (see _build_ast_cjk_query): a CJK term the query negated
+       or fielded must not resurface through it.
+    6. When any optional clause was added, the query's conjunctive
+       exclusions are restated as MustNot above the blend
+       (_negation_clauses): a clause built from positive terms cannot
+       express them, and as a bare Should it would undo them.
     """
+    registry = get_field_registry(settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE)
+    result = wc.parse(
+        raw_query,
+        registry=registry,
+        default_fields=_DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS,
+        field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS,
+        tz=tz,
+    )
+    if result.diagnostics:
+        raise _diagnostics_to_error(result.diagnostics)
 
     try:
-        query_str = translate_query(raw_query, tz)
+        exact = tantivy_emit(result.ast, index=index, registry=registry)
-    except SearchQueryError:
+    except QueryError as e:
-        # Intentional, user-fixable error (e.g. an unparsable date). Propagate so
+        raise _map_emit_error(e) from e
-        # the view can return a 400 with a helpful message rather than falling
-        # back to the raw (still-invalid) query.
-        raise
-    except Exception:  # pragma: no cover - defensive
-        logger.warning("Query translation failed; using raw query", exc_info=True)
-        query_str = raw_query
 
-    exact = index.parse_query(
-        query_str,
-        DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS,
-        field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS,
-    )
-
-    # The standard analyzer keeps a whitespace-free CJK run as a single token,
-    # so substring queries can't match content/title (and long runs are dropped
-    # by remove_long). Route CJK queries to the bigram fields, whose ngram
-    # tokenizer indexes overlapping 2-grams for substring matching.
     cjk_query = (
-        _build_cjk_query(index, raw_query, _CJK_ALL_FIELDS)
+        _build_ast_cjk_query(index, result.ast, registry)
         if _has_cjk(raw_query)
         else None
     )
@@ -235,22 +490,73 @@ def parse_user_query(
 
     threshold = settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD
     if threshold is not None:
-        fuzzy = index.parse_query(
+        fuzzy = _try_parse_fuzzy_query(index, result.ast, registry)
-            query_str,
+        if fuzzy is not None:
-            DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS,
+            clauses.append(
-            field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS,
+                (tantivy.Occur.Should, tantivy.Query.boost_query(fuzzy, 0.1)),
-            # (prefix=True, distance=1, transposition_cost_one=True) — edit-distance fuzziness
-            fuzzy_fields={f: (True, 1, True) for f in DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS},
             )
-        # 0.1 boost keeps fuzzy hits ranked below exact matches (intentional)
-        clauses.append((tantivy.Occur.Should, tantivy.Query.boost_query(fuzzy, 0.1)))
 
     if cjk_query is not None:
         clauses.append((tantivy.Occur.Should, cjk_query))
 
     if len(clauses) == 1:
         return exact
-    return tantivy.Query.boolean_query(clauses)
+    # The fuzzy and CJK clauses are built from positive terms only, so as
+    # plain Shoulds beside the exact clause they re-admit exactly the
+    # documents the query excluded. Restate the exclusions once, above the
+    # whole blend. Redundant against the exact clause, which already
+    # carries them, but idempotently so.
+    negations = _negation_clauses(index, result.ast, registry)
+    if not negations:
+        return _any_of(clauses)
+    return tantivy.Query.boolean_query(
+        [(tantivy.Occur.Must, _any_of(clauses)), *negations],
+    )
+
+
+# The three whoosh-compat kinds for a wildcard on a field that cannot
+# carry one. d.field_kind supplies the discriminator, so naming the field's
+# type needs no second trip through the registry.
+_PATTERN_ON_KINDS: Final = frozenset(
+    {
+        DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_ON_NUMERIC,
+        DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_ON_BOOLEAN_EXISTS,
+        DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_ON_SUBPATH,
+    },
+)
+
+
+def _diagnostics_to_error(diagnostics: tuple[Diagnostic, ...]) -> SearchQueryError:
+    errors = [_single_diagnostic_to_error(d) for d in diagnostics]
+    return errors[0] if len(errors) == 1 else MultipleSearchQueryErrors(errors)
+
+
+def _single_diagnostic_to_error(d: Diagnostic) -> SearchQueryError:
+    # d.field is a FieldRef, not a str: str(d.field) gives the canonical
+    # dotted name (an aliased query, e.g. type:, reports document_type).
+    field_name = str(d.field) if d.field is not None else None
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.BAD_DATE:
+        return InvalidDateQuery(field_name, d.raw_value)
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.BAD_NUMBER:
+        return InvalidNumberQuery(field_name, d.raw_value)
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.TOO_DEEP:
+        return SearchQueryError("The search query is nested too deeply.")
+    if d.kind in _PATTERN_ON_KINDS:
+        kind_label = f" ({d.field_kind.name.lower()})" if d.field_kind else ""
+        return SearchQueryError(
+            f"Wildcard patterns are not supported for field "
+            f"{field_name!r}{kind_label}.",
+        )
+    if d.kind is DiagnosticKind.SINGLE_CHAR_BRACKET_RANGE:
+        field_label = f" for field {field_name!r}" if field_name else ""
+        return SearchQueryError(
+            f"{d.raw_value!r} looks like a bracket range{field_label}, but "
+            "'[' is not a wildcard character on its own. Combine it with a "
+            "wildcard, e.g. a trailing '*', or double-quote the value to "
+            "search it as literal text.",
+        )
+    logger.warning("Unmapped parse diagnostic %s: %s", d.kind, d.message)
+    return SearchQueryError("The search query could not be executed.")
 
 
 def parse_simple_query(
@@ -268,7 +574,7 @@ def parse_simple_query(
     CJK substrings the simple analyzer can't (long whitespace-free runs are
     dropped by remove_long).
     """
-    tokens = _simple_query_tokens(raw_query)
+    tokens = simple_search_tokens(raw_query)
 
     clauses: list[tuple[tantivy.Occur, tantivy.Query]] = []
     if tokens:
@@ -291,23 +597,14 @@ def parse_simple_query(
             )
             for token in tokens
         ]
-        simple_query = (
+        clauses.append((tantivy.Occur.Should, _any_of(token_queries)))
-            token_queries[0][1]
-            if len(token_queries) == 1
-            else tantivy.Query.boolean_query(token_queries)
-        )
-        clauses.append((tantivy.Occur.Should, simple_query))
 
     if cjk_fields and _has_cjk(raw_query):
         cjk_q = _build_cjk_query(index, raw_query, cjk_fields)
         if cjk_q is not None:
             clauses.append((tantivy.Occur.Should, cjk_q))
 
-    if not clauses:
+    return _any_of(clauses)
-        return tantivy.Query.empty_query()
-    if len(clauses) == 1:
-        return clauses[0][1]
-    return tantivy.Query.boolean_query(clauses)
 
 
 def parse_simple_text_highlight_query(
@@ -322,13 +619,21 @@ def parse_simple_text_highlight_query(
 
     # Strip Tantivy operator chars before tokenizing: this is a plain-text
     # highlight query, not a structured boolean query, so +/- are separators.
-    tokens = _simple_query_tokens(
+    tokens = simple_search_tokens(
         regex.sub(r"[-+]", " ", raw_query, timeout=_REGEX_TIMEOUT),
     )
     if not tokens:
         return tantivy.Query.empty_query()
 
-    return index.parse_query(" ".join(tokens), ["content"])
+    # Quote each token as its own phrase, escaping backslashes and embedded
+    # quotes. simple search tokens can carry arbitrary Tantivy syntax
+    # characters (`"`, `:`, `(`, `[`, `/`, ...) that the query-string parser
+    # would otherwise interpret as query grammar rather than literal text.
+    quoted_tokens = [
+        '"' + token.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace('"', '\\"') + '"' for token in tokens
+    ]
+
+    return index.parse_query(" ".join(quoted_tokens), ["content"])
 
 
 def parse_simple_text_query(
@@ -342,7 +647,7 @@ def parse_simple_text_query(
     return parse_simple_query(
         index,
         raw_query,
-        SIMPLE_SEARCH_FIELDS,
+        _SIMPLE_SEARCH_FIELDS,
         cjk_fields=_CJK_CONTENT_FIELDS,
     )
 
@@ -358,6 +663,6 @@ def parse_simple_title_query(
     return parse_simple_query(
         index,
         raw_query,
-        TITLE_SEARCH_FIELDS,
+        _TITLE_SEARCH_FIELDS,
         cjk_fields=_CJK_TITLE_FIELDS,
     )

src/documents/search/_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from whoosh_compat import FieldKind
+from whoosh_compat import FieldRegistry
+
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
+from documents.search._tokenizer import ascii_fold
+from documents.search._tokenizer import paperless_text_analyzer
+from documents.search._tokenizer import stem_pattern_text
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from whoosh_compat import PatternNormalizer
+
+_registry_cache: dict[str | None, FieldRegistry] = {}
+
+
+def _identity_analyzer(text: str) -> list[str]:
+    """Analyzer for KEYWORD fields indexed with the raw tokenizer (no splitting)."""
+    return [text]
+
+
+def _fold_normalizer(text: str) -> str:
+    """Wildcard/regex literal-run normalizer for fields indexed without stemming."""
+    return ascii_fold(text.lower())
+
+
+def _make_pattern_normalizer(language: str | None) -> PatternNormalizer:
+    """Build the wildcard/regex literal-run normalizer for a search language."""
+
+    def _pattern_normalizer(text: str) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+        """Normalize a literal run into the forms a term may match.
+
+        TEXT index terms go through lowercase -> ascii_fold -> stem, so a
+        pattern that skips stemming can never match one: "invoice*" would look
+        for a term starting with "invoice" while the index holds "invoic". The
+        run is therefore offered stemmed as well. KEYWORD fields are indexed
+        raw and get _fold_normalizer instead, so their patterns stay literal.
+
+        Both forms are returned, as alternatives, because neither is a prefix
+        of the other in general: English stemming substitutes as well as
+        truncates ("copy" -> "copi"), so the stem alone loses the compounds
+        the typed run reaches ("copyright") while the typed run alone loses
+        the inflections the stem reaches ("copies"). whoosh-compat ORs the
+        alternatives per literal run and deduplicates them, so a run the
+        stemmer leaves alone costs exactly the one branch it did before.
+
+        Inside a bracket class the emitter calls this once per character and
+        uses the answer only if it is a single one-character form; two forms
+        there leave the character as typed. A stemmer does not change a lone
+        character, so the two forms deduplicate to one and the class body is
+        folded as before.
+        """
+        folded = ascii_fold(text.lower())
+        stemmed = stem_pattern_text(folded, language)
+        return (folded, stemmed)
+
+    return _pattern_normalizer
+
+
+def get_field_registry(language: str | None) -> FieldRegistry:
+    """Build (or return the cached) FieldRegistry for the given search language.
+
+    Cached keyed by language, rebuilt on the same trigger register_tokenizers()
+    uses (settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE change). A fresh call with a new language
+    builds and caches a new registry rather than mutating the old one.
+    """
+    if language in _registry_cache:
+        return _registry_cache[language]
+
+    text_analyzer = paperless_text_analyzer(language).analyze
+    pattern_normalizer = _make_pattern_normalizer(language)
+
+    specs = [
+        dataclasses.replace(
+            field,
+            analyzer=_identity_analyzer
+            if field.kind is FieldKind.KEYWORD
+            else text_analyzer,
+            pattern_normalizer=_fold_normalizer
+            if field.kind is FieldKind.KEYWORD
+            else pattern_normalizer,
+        )
+        for field in PUBLIC_FIELDS
+    ]
+
+    registry = FieldRegistry(specs)
+    _registry_cache[language] = registry
+    return registry

src/documents/search/_schema.py

@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import hashlib
 import json
 import logging
 import shutil
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Final
+from typing import NamedTuple
 from typing import cast
 
 import tantivy
 from django.conf import settings
+from whoosh_compat import FieldKind
+
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pathlib import Path
@@ -16,7 +21,185 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 logger = logging.getLogger("paperless.search")
 
 # v1 - Initial tantivy schema format
-SCHEMA_VERSION: Final[int] = 1
+# v2 - build_schema() derived from PUBLIC_FIELDS, changing the field declaration
+#      order, and the write-only correspondent/document_type/storage_path/tag id
+#      columns dropped. tantivy compares schemas by ordered field list, so an
+#      index built by v1 rejects every write against the v2 schema.
+SCHEMA_VERSION: Final[int] = 2
+
+
+class FieldDescriptor(NamedTuple):
+    """One tantivy field, in declaration order.
+
+    The descriptor vocabulary is paperless', not tantivy-py's: it is both the
+    input to the SchemaBuilder and the input to schema_fingerprint(), so the
+    persisted fingerprint cannot move under a tantivy-py upgrade.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    kind: str
+    stored: bool
+    indexed: bool
+    fast: bool
+    tokenizer: str | None
+
+
+# (schema kind, tokenizer) for the FieldKind -> FieldDescriptor mapping that
+# doesn't need special-casing. JSON is handled separately below since it can
+# emit a second, synthetic descriptor.
+_KIND_TABLE: Final[dict[FieldKind, tuple[str, str | None]]] = {
+    FieldKind.TEXT: ("text", "paperless_text"),
+    FieldKind.KEYWORD: ("text", "raw"),
+    FieldKind.U64: ("u64", None),
+    FieldKind.DATE: ("date", None),
+    FieldKind.DATETIME: ("date", None),
+}
+# Kinds whose fast-field flag follows FieldSpec.fast rather than always False.
+_FAST_FROM_FIELD: Final[frozenset[FieldKind]] = frozenset(
+    {FieldKind.U64, FieldKind.DATE, FieldKind.DATETIME},
+)
+
+
+def _public_field_descriptors() -> list[FieldDescriptor]:
+    """Descriptors for the query-visible fields declared in PUBLIC_FIELDS."""
+    descriptors: list[FieldDescriptor] = []
+    for field in PUBLIC_FIELDS:
+        if field.kind is FieldKind.JSON:
+            descriptors.append(
+                FieldDescriptor(
+                    field.name,
+                    "json",
+                    stored=True,
+                    indexed=True,
+                    fast=False,
+                    tokenizer="paperless_text",
+                ),
+            )
+            if field.name == "notes":
+                # Plain-text companion for snippet generation: tantivy's
+                # SnippetGenerator does not support JSON fields. Schema-only,
+                # no query-syntax meaning, not in PUBLIC_FIELDS.
+                descriptors.append(
+                    FieldDescriptor(
+                        "notes_text",
+                        "text",
+                        stored=True,
+                        indexed=True,
+                        fast=False,
+                        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+                    ),
+                )
+            continue
+        schema_kind, tokenizer = _KIND_TABLE[field.kind]
+        descriptors.append(
+            FieldDescriptor(
+                field.name,
+                schema_kind,
+                stored=True,
+                indexed=True,
+                fast=field.fast if field.kind in _FAST_FROM_FIELD else False,
+                tokenizer=tokenizer,
+            ),
+        )
+    return descriptors
+
+
+def field_descriptors() -> list[FieldDescriptor]:
+    """Every field of the document index, in the order tantivy declares them.
+
+    tantivy compares schemas by *ordered* field list, so the order here is
+    part of the on-disk contract: schema_fingerprint() hashes it and
+    needs_rebuild() acts on the result.
+    """
+    return [
+        FieldDescriptor(
+            "id",
+            "u64",
+            stored=True,
+            indexed=True,
+            fast=True,
+            tokenizer=None,
+        ),
+        *_public_field_descriptors(),
+        # Shadow sort fields - fast, not stored
+        *(
+            FieldDescriptor(
+                name,
+                "text",
+                stored=False,
+                indexed=True,
+                fast=True,
+                tokenizer="simple_analyzer",
+            )
+            for name in ("title_sort", "correspondent_sort", "type_sort")
+        ),
+        # CJK support - not stored, indexed only
+        *(
+            FieldDescriptor(
+                name,
+                "text",
+                stored=False,
+                indexed=True,
+                fast=False,
+                tokenizer="bigram_analyzer",
+            )
+            for name in (
+                "bigram_content",
+                "bigram_title",
+                "bigram_correspondent",
+                "bigram_document_type",
+                "bigram_tag",
+            )
+        ),
+        # Simple substring search support for title/content - not stored,
+        # indexed only
+        *(
+            FieldDescriptor(
+                name,
+                "text",
+                stored=False,
+                indexed=True,
+                fast=False,
+                tokenizer="simple_search_analyzer",
+            )
+            for name in ("simple_title", "simple_content")
+        ),
+        # Autocomplete prefix scan via terms_with_prefix, which walks the
+        # field's term dictionary - so the field must be indexed (term dict),
+        # not stored. The stored value is never read back, so storing it only
+        # wastes space.
+        FieldDescriptor(
+            "autocomplete_word",
+            "text",
+            stored=False,
+            indexed=True,
+            fast=False,
+            tokenizer="raw",
+        ),
+        # Permission filter columns, read by build_permission_filter.
+        *(
+            FieldDescriptor(
+                name,
+                "u64",
+                stored=False,
+                indexed=True,
+                fast=True,
+                tokenizer=None,
+            )
+            for name in ("owner_id", "viewer_id", "viewer_group_id")
+        ),
+    ]
+
+
+def schema_fingerprint() -> str:
+    """Hash of the field descriptors, stamped into .index_settings.json.
+
+    Changes whenever a field is added, removed, retyped, re-optioned or
+    reordered, so an index built from a different schema shape is detected
+    even when SCHEMA_VERSION was not bumped.
+    """
+    payload = json.dumps([list(descriptor) for descriptor in field_descriptors()])
+    return hashlib.blake2b(payload.encode()).hexdigest()
 
 
 def build_schema() -> tantivy.Schema:
@@ -32,85 +215,37 @@ def build_schema() -> tantivy.Schema:
     """
     sb = tantivy.SchemaBuilder()
 
-    sb.add_unsigned_field("id", stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True)
+    for descriptor in field_descriptors():
-    sb.add_text_field("checksum", stored=True, tokenizer_name="raw")
+        if descriptor.kind == "text":
-
-    for field in (
-        "title",
-        "correspondent",
-        "document_type",
-        "storage_path",
-        "original_filename",
-        "content",
-    ):
-        sb.add_text_field(field, stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
-
-    # Shadow sort fields - fast, not stored/indexed
-    for field in ("title_sort", "correspondent_sort", "type_sort"):
             sb.add_text_field(
-            field,
+                descriptor.name,
-            stored=False,
+                stored=descriptor.stored,
-            tokenizer_name="simple_analyzer",
+                fast=descriptor.fast,
-            fast=True,
+                tokenizer_name=cast("str", descriptor.tokenizer),
             )
-
+        elif descriptor.kind == "json":
-    # CJK support - not stored, indexed only
+            sb.add_json_field(
-    sb.add_text_field("bigram_content", stored=False, tokenizer_name="bigram_analyzer")
+                descriptor.name,
-    sb.add_text_field("bigram_title", stored=False, tokenizer_name="bigram_analyzer")
+                stored=descriptor.stored,
-    sb.add_text_field(
+                fast=descriptor.fast,
-        "bigram_correspondent",
+                tokenizer_name=cast("str", descriptor.tokenizer),
-        stored=False,
-        tokenizer_name="bigram_analyzer",
             )
-    sb.add_text_field(
+        elif descriptor.kind == "u64":
-        "bigram_document_type",
+            sb.add_unsigned_field(
-        stored=False,
+                descriptor.name,
-        tokenizer_name="bigram_analyzer",
+                stored=descriptor.stored,
+                indexed=descriptor.indexed,
+                fast=descriptor.fast,
             )
-    sb.add_text_field("bigram_tag", stored=False, tokenizer_name="bigram_analyzer")
+        elif descriptor.kind == "date":
-
+            sb.add_date_field(
-    # Simple substring search support for title/content - not stored, indexed only
+                descriptor.name,
-    sb.add_text_field(
+                stored=descriptor.stored,
-        "simple_title",
+                indexed=descriptor.indexed,
-        stored=False,
+                fast=descriptor.fast,
-        tokenizer_name="simple_search_analyzer",
             )
-    sb.add_text_field(
+        else:
-        "simple_content",
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown schema field kind: {descriptor.kind}")
-        stored=False,
-        tokenizer_name="simple_search_analyzer",
-    )
-
-    # Autocomplete prefix scan via terms_with_prefix, which walks the field's
-    # term dictionary - so the field must be indexed (term dict), not stored.
-    # The stored value is never read back, so storing it only wastes space.
-    sb.add_text_field("autocomplete_word", stored=False, tokenizer_name="raw")
-
-    sb.add_text_field("tag", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
-
-    # JSON fields — structured queries: notes.user:alice, custom_fields.name:invoice
-    sb.add_json_field("notes", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
-    # Plain-text companion for notes — tantivy's SnippetGenerator does not support
-    # JSON fields, so highlights require a text field with the same content.
-    sb.add_text_field("notes_text", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
-    sb.add_json_field("custom_fields", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
-
-    for field in (
-        "correspondent_id",
-        "document_type_id",
-        "storage_path_id",
-        "tag_id",
-        "owner_id",
-        "viewer_id",
-        "viewer_group_id",
-    ):
-        sb.add_unsigned_field(field, stored=False, indexed=True, fast=True)
-
-    for field in ("created", "modified", "added"):
-        sb.add_date_field(field, stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True)
-
-    for field in ("asn", "page_count", "num_notes"):
-        sb.add_unsigned_field(field, stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True)
 
     return sb.build()
 
@@ -119,9 +254,9 @@ def needs_rebuild(index_dir: Path) -> bool:
     """
     Check if the search index needs rebuilding.
 
-    Reads .index_settings.json to compare the stored schema version and
+    Reads .index_settings.json to compare the stored schema version, search
-    search language against the current configuration. Returns True if the
+    language and schema fingerprint against the current configuration. Returns
-    file is missing, unparsable, or either value mismatches.
+    True if the file is missing, unparsable, or any value mismatches.
 
     Args:
         index_dir: Path to the search index directory
@@ -140,6 +275,9 @@ def needs_rebuild(index_dir: Path) -> bool:
         if "language" not in data or data["language"] != settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE:
             logger.info("Search index language changed - rebuilding.")
             return True
+        if data.get("schema_fingerprint") != schema_fingerprint():
+            logger.info("Search index schema fingerprint mismatch - rebuilding.")
+            return True
     except ValueError:
         return True
     return False
@@ -170,6 +308,7 @@ def _write_sentinels(index_dir: Path) -> None:
             {
                 "schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
                 "language": settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE,
+                "schema_fingerprint": schema_fingerprint(),
             },
         ),
     )

src/documents/search/_tokenizer.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
+from functools import cache
 from typing import Final
 
 import tantivy
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ def register_tokenizers(index: tantivy.Index, language: str | None) -> None:
         use fast=True and Tantivy requires fast-field tokenizers to exist
         even for documents that omit those fields.
     """
-    index.register_tokenizer("paperless_text", _paperless_text(language))
+    index.register_tokenizer("paperless_text", paperless_text_analyzer(language))
     index.register_tokenizer("simple_analyzer", _simple_analyzer())
     index.register_tokenizer("bigram_analyzer", _bigram_analyzer())
     index.register_tokenizer("simple_search_analyzer", _simple_search_analyzer())
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ def register_tokenizers(index: tantivy.Index, language: str | None) -> None:
     index.register_fast_field_tokenizer("simple_analyzer", _simple_analyzer())
 
 
-def _paperless_text(language: str | None) -> tantivy.TextAnalyzer:
+def paperless_text_analyzer(language: str | None) -> tantivy.TextAnalyzer:
     """Main full-text tokenizer for content, title, etc: simple -> remove_long(129) -> lowercase -> ascii_fold [-> stemmer]"""
     builder = (
         tantivy.TextAnalyzerBuilder(tantivy.Tokenizer.simple())
@@ -100,6 +101,54 @@ def _paperless_text(language: str | None) -> tantivy.TextAnalyzer:
     return builder.build()
 
 
+@cache
+def _pattern_stemmer(language: str | None) -> tantivy.TextAnalyzer | None:
+    """The stemming tail of paperless_text_analyzer, over a whole literal run.
+
+    Same language gate and same Snowball stemmer paperless_text_analyzer
+    applies at index time, so query patterns follow SEARCH_LANGUAGE. Returns
+    None when that gate disables stemming; paperless_text_analyzer already
+    warns about an unsupported language, so this stays quiet.
+
+    The raw tokenizer keeps the run whole (a wildcard literal is a fragment,
+    not necessarily a word), and remove_long is kept so an over-long run is
+    treated the same way the index treats it.
+    """
+    if not language:
+        return None
+    tantivy_lang = _LANGUAGE_MAP.get(language.lower())
+    if tantivy_lang is None:
+        return None
+    return (
+        tantivy.TextAnalyzerBuilder(tantivy.Tokenizer.raw())
+        .filter(tantivy.Filter.remove_long(_TOKEN_REMOVE_LONG_LIMIT))
+        .filter(tantivy.Filter.stemmer(tantivy_lang))
+        .build()
+    )
+
+
+def stem_pattern_text(text: str, language: str | None) -> str:
+    """Stem an already lowercased/ascii-folded run the way index terms are.
+
+    Returns text unchanged when stemming is disabled for language, and also
+    when the stem step does not yield exactly one token: remove_long drops a run
+    past the length limit, leaving no stem to substitute. Falling back to the
+    text as typed is the safe direction for a pattern prefix, since it can only
+    be as narrow as it was before stemming was considered.
+
+    The raw tokenizer emits one token whatever the input and the stemmer is
+    1-to-1, so only the zero-token case can fire today; the guard covers both
+    counts so a tokenizer change cannot turn this into an IndexError.
+    """
+    analyzer = _pattern_stemmer(language)
+    if analyzer is None:
+        return text
+    tokens = analyzer.analyze(text)
+    if len(tokens) != 1:
+        return text
+    return tokens[0]
+
+
 def _simple_analyzer() -> tantivy.TextAnalyzer:
     """Tokenizer for shadow sort fields (title_sort, correspondent_sort, type_sort): simple -> lowercase -> ascii_fold."""
     return (

src/documents/search/_translate.py

@@ -1,610 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from datetime import UTC
-from datetime import datetime
-from datetime import timedelta
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
-from typing import TypeAlias
-
-import regex
-from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
-
-from documents.search._dates import _DATE_KEYWORDS
-from documents.search._dates import _DATE_ONLY_FIELDS
-from documents.search._dates import _date_only_range
-from documents.search._dates import _datetime_range
-from documents.search._dates import _field_range_from_dates
-from documents.search._dates import _fmt
-from documents.search._dates import _precision_bounds
-from documents.search._dates import _utc_bounds_for_field
-
-# Compiled regex that matches any known multi-word (or single-word) date keyword
-# at the start of a match position, longest alternatives first so "previous week"
-# wins over a hypothetical shorter "previous".
-_KEYWORD_VALUE_RE = regex.compile(
-    "|".join(sorted((regex.escape(k) for k in _DATE_KEYWORDS), key=len, reverse=True)),
-    regex.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from datetime import tzinfo
-
-# TODO: this module translates date queries into Tantivy *string* syntax, which
-# forces a workaround for something Tantivy's string parser cannot express on
-# date fields: open-ended ranges use far-past/far-future string sentinels
-# (OPEN_LO/OPEN_HI). These can be replaced with a real tantivy.Query object
-# (Query.range_query(..., None) for open bounds) once tantivy-py accepts Python
-# datetimes in range_query/term_query on Date fields. That support exists on
-# tantivy-py master (PRs #655 + #666) but postdates the pinned 0.26.0 wheel, so
-# it is blocked only on a published release > 0.26.0 and a dependency bump.
-# (Unparsable dates now raise InvalidDateQuery -> HTTP 400 rather than using a
-# no-match string sentinel.)
-
-# Fields that store exact, non-analyzed comma-joined tokens in the index and so
-# need explicit comma->AND expansion (Whoosh KEYWORD(commas=True) set).
-MULTI_VALUE_FIELDS = frozenset({"tag", "tag_id", "viewer_id"})
-
-# Date fields whose values/ranges get rewritten to RFC3339 Tantivy ranges.
-DATE_FIELDS = frozenset({"created", "modified", "added"})
-
-# Field aliases: Whoosh (v2) field names that were renamed in the Tantivy schema.
-# Preserved here so v2 queries using the old names continue to work without 400
-# errors instead of silently failing. Applied by _render to non-date field tokens.
-FIELD_ALIASES: dict[str, str] = {
-    "type": "document_type",
-    "type_id": "document_type_id",
-    "path": "storage_path",
-    "path_id": "storage_path_id",
-}
-
-# Known schema fields: a comma immediately followed by ``<known>:`` is a clause
-# separator. Restricting to known fields prevents URL-like ``http:`` misfires.
-KNOWN_FIELDS = frozenset(
-    {
-        "title",
-        "content",
-        "correspondent",
-        "document_type",
-        "type",  # v2 alias -> document_type
-        "storage_path",
-        "path",  # v2 alias -> storage_path
-        "tag",
-        "tag_id",
-        "correspondent_id",
-        "document_type_id",
-        "type_id",  # v2 alias -> document_type_id
-        "storage_path_id",
-        "path_id",  # v2 alias -> storage_path_id
-        "owner_id",
-        "viewer_id",
-        "asn",
-        "page_count",
-        "num_notes",
-        "created",
-        "modified",
-        "added",
-        "original_filename",
-        "checksum",
-        "notes",
-        "custom_fields",
-    },
-)
-
-_FIELD_RE = regex.compile(r"(?P<field>\w+):")
-
-# Matches the TO separator inside a range bracket. Handles three forms:
-#   middle:   "lo TO hi"   (either lo or hi may be empty)
-#   trailing: "lo TO"      (open upper bound)
-#   leading:  "TO hi"      (open lower bound)
-# Bounds MAY contain internal spaces (e.g. "-7 days"), so we use .*? / .+?
-# and split on the whitespace-delimited " TO " / " to " separator.
-_RANGE_RE = regex.compile(
-    r"^\s*(?P<lo>.*?)\s+[Tt][Oo]\s+(?P<hi>.+?)\s*$"
-    r"|"
-    r"^\s*(?P<lo2>.+?)\s+[Tt][Oo]\s*$"
-    r"|"
-    r"^\s*[Tt][Oo]\s+(?P<hi2>.+?)\s*$",
-)
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
-class FieldValue:
-    field: str
-    value: str
-
-
-# Produced by the comma-resolution pass (not by scan()).
-@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
-class FieldValueList:
-    field: str
-    values: tuple[str, ...]
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
-class FieldRange:
-    field: str
-    open: str
-    lo: str
-    hi: str
-    close: str
-
-
-# Produced by the comma-resolution pass (not by scan()).
-@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
-class Comma:
-    pass
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
-class Passthrough:
-    raw: str
-
-
-Token: TypeAlias = FieldValue | FieldValueList | FieldRange | Comma | Passthrough
-
-_CLOSE: dict[str, str] = {"[": "]", "{": "}"}
-
-
-def scan(query: str) -> list[Token]:
-    """
-    Tokenize a raw query into date/comma-aware tokens, leaving everything else
-    as verbatim ``Passthrough`` runs. Non-recursive: finds the first matching
-    close bracket/quote. Nested brackets are not valid Tantivy range syntax and
-    pass through verbatim on mismatch.
-    """
-    tokens: list[Token] = []
-    buf: list[str] = []  # accumulates passthrough chars
-    i, n = 0, len(query)
-    while i < n:
-        matched = _match_field_token(query, i)
-        if matched is None:
-            buf.append(query[i])
-            i += 1
-            continue
-        token, i = matched
-        if buf and buf[-1] == ",":
-            buf.pop()
-            _flush(buf, tokens)
-            tokens.append(Comma())
-        else:
-            _flush(buf, tokens)
-        tokens.append(token)
-        i = _maybe_comma(query, i, tokens)
-    _flush(buf, tokens)
-    return tokens
-
-
-def _flush(buf: list[str], tokens: list[Token]) -> None:
-    """Emit any accumulated passthrough characters as a single token."""
-    if buf:
-        tokens.append(Passthrough("".join(buf)))
-        buf.clear()
-
-
-def _at_word_boundary(query: str, i: int) -> bool:
-    """A field token may begin only at the start or after a non-word character."""
-    return i == 0 or not (query[i - 1].isalnum() or query[i - 1] == "_")
-
-
-def _match_field_token(query: str, i: int) -> tuple[Token, int] | None:
-    """
-    If a known ``field:`` token starts at ``i``, consume it and return
-    ``(token, end_index)``; otherwise return None so the caller treats the
-    character as passthrough. Handles both ``field:[range]`` and ``field:value``,
-    and returns None when the range/value cannot be consumed.
-    """
-    m = _FIELD_RE.match(query, i)
-    if m is None or m.group("field") not in KNOWN_FIELDS:
-        return None
-    if not _at_word_boundary(query, i):
-        return None
-    field = m.group("field")
-    j = m.end()
-    if j < len(query) and query[j] in "[{":
-        return _consume_range(query, j, field)
-    consumed = _consume_field_value(query, field, j)
-    if consumed is None:
-        return None
-    value, end = consumed
-    return FieldValue(field, value), end
-
-
-def _consume_field_value(query: str, field: str, start: int) -> tuple[str, int] | None:
-    """
-    Consume a field value starting at ``start``: a multi-word date keyword phrase
-    (date fields only), or a bare/quoted value, then absorb any comma-joined
-    continuation that is not a clause separator. ``resolve_commas`` later splits a
-    multi-value field's joined value into a ``FieldValueList``; for other fields
-    the comma stays literal.
-    """
-    n = len(query)
-    consumed = None
-    if field in DATE_FIELDS:
-        km = _KEYWORD_VALUE_RE.match(query, start)
-        if km is not None and (km.end() >= n or query[km.end()] in " \t),"):
-            consumed = (km.group(0), km.end())
-    if consumed is None:
-        consumed = _consume_value(query, start)
-    if consumed is None:
-        return None
-    value, k = consumed
-    while k < n and query[k] == ",":
-        if _looks_like_known_field(query, k + 1):
-            break  # clause separator: left for _maybe_comma to emit a Comma()
-        more = _consume_value(query, k + 1)
-        if more is None:
-            break
-        value = f"{value},{more[0]}"
-        k = more[1]
-    return value, k
-
-
-def _consume_range(
-    query: str,
-    start: int,
-    field: str,
-) -> tuple[FieldRange, int] | None:
-    """Consume ``[lo TO hi]`` / ``{lo TO hi}`` from ``start`` (the bracket)."""
-    open_br = query[start]
-    close_br = _CLOSE[open_br]
-    end = query.find(close_br, start + 1)
-    if end == -1:
-        return None
-    inner = query[start + 1 : end]
-    m = _RANGE_RE.match(inner)
-    if m is not None:
-        if m.group("lo") is not None or m.group("hi") is not None:
-            # Middle form: "lo TO hi" (either may be empty string)
-            lo = (m.group("lo") or "").strip()
-            hi = (m.group("hi") or "").strip()
-        elif m.group("lo2") is not None:
-            # Trailing form: "lo TO"
-            lo = m.group("lo2").strip()
-            hi = ""
-        else:
-            # Leading form: "TO hi"
-            lo = ""
-            hi = (m.group("hi2") or "").strip()
-    else:
-        lo, hi = inner.strip(), ""
-    return FieldRange(field, open_br, lo, hi, close_br), end + 1
-
-
-def _consume_value(query: str, start: int) -> tuple[str, int] | None:
-    """Consume a bare or quoted field value from ``start``, stopping at comma."""
-    n = len(query)
-    if start >= n or query[start] in " \t":
-        return None
-    if query[start] in "\"'":
-        quote = query[start]
-        end = query.find(quote, start + 1)
-        if end == -1:
-            return None
-        return query[start : end + 1], end + 1
-    j = start
-    while j < n and query[j] not in " \t),":
-        j += 1
-    return query[start:j], j
-
-
-def _looks_like_known_field(query: str, pos: int) -> bool:
-    """True if a known ``field:`` token starts at ``pos``."""
-    m = _FIELD_RE.match(query, pos)
-    return bool(m and m.group("field") in KNOWN_FIELDS)
-
-
-def _maybe_comma(query: str, i: int, tokens: list) -> int:
-    """If a clause-separator comma follows at ``i``, emit ``Comma()`` and advance."""
-    if i < len(query) and query[i] == "," and _looks_like_known_field(query, i + 1):
-        tokens.append(Comma())
-        return i + 1
-    return i
-
-
-def resolve_commas(tokens: list) -> list:
-    """
-    Collapse value-list commas into ``FieldValueList`` and keep clause-separator
-    commas as ``Comma``. (Clause-sep commas are already emitted by ``scan`` via
-    the value-stop logic; this pass folds value-lists.)
-    """
-    out: list = []
-    for tok in tokens:
-        if (
-            isinstance(tok, FieldValue)
-            and tok.field in MULTI_VALUE_FIELDS
-            and "," in tok.value
-        ):
-            values = tuple(v for v in tok.value.split(",") if v)
-            out.append(FieldValueList(tok.field, values))
-        else:
-            out.append(tok)
-    return out
-
-
-class SearchQueryError(ValueError):
-    """
-    Base for user-fixable search query errors.
-
-    Carries a message safe to surface to the user (no internal details). The view
-    layer catches this and returns an HTTP 400, so any future subclass (unknown
-    field, malformed range, wrapped parser errors) gets the same treatment.
-    """
-
-
-class InvalidDateQuery(SearchQueryError):
-    """Raised when a date field value or range bound cannot be parsed."""
-
-    def __init__(self, field: str, value: str) -> None:
-        self.field = field
-        self.value = value
-        super().__init__(f"Invalid date value {value!r} for field {field!r}.")
-
-
-_DIGITS_RE = regex.compile(r"^\d{4}(?:\d{2}){0,2}$")
-_ISO_RE = regex.compile(r"^\d{4}(?:-\d{2}(?:-\d{2})?)?$")
-
-
-def translate_scalar(field: str, value: str, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """Translate a bare date-field value to a Tantivy range string."""
-    bare = value.strip("\"'").lower()
-    if bare in _DATE_KEYWORDS:
-        if field in _DATE_ONLY_FIELDS:
-            return f"{field}:{_date_only_range(bare, tz)}"
-        return f"{field}:{_datetime_range(bare, tz)}"
-    digits = value.replace("-", "")
-    if _DIGITS_RE.match(value) or _ISO_RE.match(value):
-        bounds = _precision_bounds(digits)
-        if bounds is None:
-            raise InvalidDateQuery(field, value)
-        return _field_range_from_dates(field, bounds[0], bounds[1], tz)
-    if regex.fullmatch(r"\d{14}", value):
-        try:
-            dt = datetime(
-                int(value[0:4]),
-                int(value[4:6]),
-                int(value[6:8]),
-                int(value[8:10]),
-                int(value[10:12]),
-                int(value[12:14]),
-                tzinfo=UTC,
-            )
-        except ValueError:
-            raise InvalidDateQuery(field, value) from None
-        iso = _fmt(dt)
-        return f"{field}:[{iso} TO {iso}]"
-    # Unrecognized shape -> tell the user their date is malformed rather than
-    # silently matching nothing or emitting invalid Tantivy syntax.
-    raise InvalidDateQuery(field, value)
-
-
-# Open-bound sentinels for date ranges. These far-past/far-future strings allow
-# open-ended ranges to be expressed as Tantivy string queries until tantivy-py
-# exposes Query.range_query(..., None) on Date fields (see module TODO).
-OPEN_LO = "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-OPEN_HI = "9999-12-31T23:59:59Z"
-
-
-# Matches compact now-offset tokens like now-7d, now+1h, now-30m.
-_NOW_COMPACT_RE = regex.compile(
-    r"^now(?P<sign>[+-])(?P<n>\d+)(?P<unit>[dhm])$",
-    regex.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-# Matches "±N <unit>" Whoosh-style offsets (e.g. -7 days, -1 week, +3 hours).
-# Whoosh's own date parser (qparser.dateparse.PlusMinus) additionally accepted
-# abbreviated unit spellings (e.g. "yrs", "yr", "y", "mos", "wks", "hrs", "mins",
-# "secs"); saved views/searches created under the old Whoosh backend can still
-# contain those tokens (e.g. "-999yrs"), so they are accepted here too and
-# normalized to a canonical unit via _UNIT_ALIASES below.
-_NOW_SPACED_RE = regex.compile(
-    r"^(?P<sign>[+-])(?P<n>\d+)\s*"
-    r"(?P<unit>years|year|yrs|yr|ys|y"
-    r"|months|month|mons|mon|mos|mo"
-    r"|weeks|week|wks|wk|ws|w"
-    r"|days|day|dys|dy|ds|d"
-    r"|hours|hour|hrs|hr|hs|h"
-    r"|minutes|minute|mins|min|ms|m"
-    r"|seconds|second|secs|sec|s)$",
-    regex.IGNORECASE,
-)
-
-# Maps every accepted unit spelling (including Whoosh-era abbreviations) to the
-# canonical unit name used as a key into the delta map in _resolve_relative_bound.
-_UNIT_ALIASES: dict[str, str] = {
-    alias: canonical
-    for canonical, aliases in {
-        "year": ("years", "year", "yrs", "yr", "ys", "y"),
-        "month": ("months", "month", "mons", "mon", "mos", "mo"),
-        "week": ("weeks", "week", "wks", "wk", "ws", "w"),
-        "day": ("days", "day", "dys", "dy", "ds", "d"),
-        "hour": ("hours", "hour", "hrs", "hr", "hs", "h"),
-        "minute": ("minutes", "minute", "mins", "min", "ms", "m"),
-        "second": ("seconds", "second", "secs", "sec", "s"),
-    }.items()
-    for alias in aliases
-}
-
-
-def _resolve_relative_bound(token: str) -> datetime | None:
-    """
-    Resolve a relative bound token to an exact UTC instant, or return None.
-
-    Supported forms:
-      - ``now``            -> current UTC instant
-      - ``now+/-<n>d/h/m`` -> now +/- timedelta (d=days, h=hours, m=minutes)
-      - ``±N <unit>``     -> now +/- delta; month/year use relativedelta;
-                              unit also accepts Whoosh-era abbreviations
-                              (e.g. "yrs", "mos", "wks", "hrs", "mins", "secs")
-    """
-    stripped = token.strip()
-    low = stripped.lower()
-    now = datetime.now(UTC)
-
-    if low == "now":
-        return now
-
-    m = _NOW_COMPACT_RE.match(stripped)
-    if m:
-        sign = 1 if m.group("sign") == "+" else -1
-        n = int(m.group("n"))
-        unit = m.group("unit").lower()
-        delta = (
-            sign
-            * {
-                "d": timedelta(days=n),
-                "h": timedelta(hours=n),
-                "m": timedelta(minutes=n),
-            }[unit]
-        )
-        return now + delta
-
-    m = _NOW_SPACED_RE.match(stripped)
-    if m:
-        sign = 1 if m.group("sign") == "+" else -1
-        n = int(m.group("n"))
-        unit = _UNIT_ALIASES[m.group("unit").lower()]
-        delta_map: dict[str, timedelta | relativedelta] = {
-            "second": timedelta(seconds=n),
-            "minute": timedelta(minutes=n),
-            "hour": timedelta(hours=n),
-            "day": timedelta(days=n),
-            "week": timedelta(weeks=n),
-            "month": relativedelta(months=n),
-            "year": relativedelta(years=n),
-        }
-        return now - delta_map[unit] if sign == -1 else now + delta_map[unit]
-
-    return None
-
-
-def _bound_datetimes(
-    field: str,
-    token: str,
-    tz: tzinfo,
-) -> tuple[datetime, datetime] | None:
-    """
-    Return (floor_dt, ceil_dt) UTC datetimes for a single range bound token, or
-    None if the token is unparsable. ``now`` and relative offsets resolve to the
-    current instant (floor == ceil == that instant; no day-flooring).
-    """
-    token = token.strip()
-
-    # Try relative/now forms first (before stripping hyphens which would mangle them).
-    rel = _resolve_relative_bound(token)
-    if rel is not None:
-        return rel, rel
-
-    # Full ISO datetime token (contains "T"): parse directly and return an exact
-    # instant (floor == ceil). Python 3.11+ datetime.fromisoformat accepts trailing Z.
-    if "T" in token:
-        try:
-            dt = datetime.fromisoformat(token)
-            # Ensure timezone-aware UTC result.
-            dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=UTC) if dt.tzinfo is None else dt.astimezone(UTC)
-            return dt, dt
-        except ValueError:
-            return None
-
-    digits = token.replace("-", "")
-    bounds = _precision_bounds(digits)
-    if bounds is None:
-        return None
-    start, end = bounds
-    return _utc_bounds_for_field(field, start, end, tz)
-
-
-def _render(tok: Token, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """Render a single token back to a Tantivy query string fragment."""
-    if isinstance(tok, Passthrough):
-        return tok.raw
-    if isinstance(tok, Comma):
-        return " AND "
-    if isinstance(tok, FieldValueList):
-        field = FIELD_ALIASES.get(tok.field, tok.field)
-        return " AND ".join(f"{field}:{v}" for v in tok.values)
-    if isinstance(tok, FieldValue):
-        field = FIELD_ALIASES.get(tok.field, tok.field)
-        if field in DATE_FIELDS:
-            return translate_scalar(field, tok.value, tz)
-        return f"{field}:{tok.value}"
-    if isinstance(tok, FieldRange):
-        field = FIELD_ALIASES.get(tok.field, tok.field)
-        if field in DATE_FIELDS:
-            return translate_range(field, tok.lo, tok.hi, tz)
-        return f"{field}:{tok.open}{tok.lo} TO {tok.hi}{tok.close}"
-    return ""  # pragma: no cover
-
-
-# Post-render operator normalization patterns: collapse repeated whitespace and
-# strip spaced/trailing Tantivy boolean operators that would otherwise be invalid.
-_MULTI_SPACE_RE = regex.compile(r" {2,}")
-_TRAILING_OP_RE = regex.compile(r"\s+[-+]+\s*$")
-_SPACED_OP_RE = regex.compile(r"\s+[-+]\s+")
-
-
-def _normalize_operators(text: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Collapse multiple spaces, strip trailing dangling operators, and replace
-    spaced operators (`` - `` / `` + ``) with a single space.
-
-    Applied only to Passthrough fragments (the rendered output is scanned for
-    operator artifacts outside bracketed ranges) via a post-render pass on the
-    full rendered string. This preserves date ranges (``[... TO ...]``) verbatim
-    while cleaning natural-language separators in the surrounding text.
-    """
-    text = _MULTI_SPACE_RE.sub(" ", text)
-    text = _TRAILING_OP_RE.sub("", text).strip()
-    text = _SPACED_OP_RE.sub(" ", text).strip()
-    return text
-
-
-def translate_query(raw: str, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """Translate a raw Whoosh-style query into Tantivy-compatible syntax."""
-    tokens = resolve_commas(scan(raw))
-    rendered = "".join(_render(t, tz) for t in tokens)
-    return _normalize_operators(rendered)
-
-
-def translate_range(field: str, lo: str, hi: str, tz: tzinfo) -> str:
-    """Translate a date-field ``[lo TO hi]`` range to a Tantivy ISO range string.
-
-    Handles partial-date bounds (YYYY, YYYYMM, YYYYMMDD, ISO dash variants),
-    open bounds (empty string -> OPEN_LO/OPEN_HI), ``now``, and reversed ranges
-    (swaps tokens before computing floor/ceil so the span is always correct).
-    """
-    lo_s = lo.strip()
-    hi_s = hi.strip()
-
-    # Parse both bounds to (floor, ceil) pairs when present.
-    lo_pair: tuple[datetime, datetime] | None = None
-    hi_pair: tuple[datetime, datetime] | None = None
-
-    if lo_s:
-        lo_pair = _bound_datetimes(field, lo_s, tz)
-        if lo_pair is None:
-            raise InvalidDateQuery(field, lo_s)
-    if hi_s:
-        hi_pair = _bound_datetimes(field, hi_s, tz)
-        if hi_pair is None:
-            raise InvalidDateQuery(field, hi_s)
-
-    # Detect a reversed range: only swap when BOTH bounds are present.
-    if lo_pair is not None and hi_pair is not None and lo_pair[0] > hi_pair[0]:
-        lo_pair, hi_pair = hi_pair, lo_pair
-
-    lo_iso = _fmt(lo_pair[0]) if lo_pair is not None else OPEN_LO
-
-    # A bound resolves to (floor, ceil) where floor == ceil for an exact instant
-    # (a full ISO datetime, "now", or a "+/-N unit" offset) and floor != ceil for
-    # a coarser period token (year/month/day precision). Only the latter needs a
-    # half-open close: its ceil is the start of the *next* period and must be
-    # excluded, or that instant (e.g. the 1st of next month) wrongly matches.
-    if hi_pair is not None:
-        hi_iso = _fmt(hi_pair[1])
-        hi_close = "]" if hi_pair[0] == hi_pair[1] else "}"
-    else:
-        hi_iso = OPEN_HI
-        hi_close = "]"
-
-    return f"{field}:[{lo_iso} TO {hi_iso}{hi_close}"

src/documents/tests/search/conftest.py

@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import tempfile
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 import pytest
-import tantivy
 
 from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
 from documents.search._backend import reset_backend
-from documents.search._schema import build_schema
-from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Generator
@@ -35,11 +31,3 @@ def backend() -> Generator[TantivyBackend, None, None]:
     finally:
         b.close()
         reset_backend()
-
-
-@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
-def index() -> tantivy.Index:
-    """A real Tantivy index for parse-acceptance tests (module scope for speed)."""
-    idx = tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=tempfile.mkdtemp())
-    register_tokenizers(idx, "english")
-    return idx

src/documents/tests/search/test_acceptance.py

@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+"""Result-level acceptance corpus: real documents indexed via build_schema(),
+real queries run through parse_user_query(), matched-document-ID sets
+asserted, not intermediate ASTs or query strings. This is paperless-ngx's
+analogue of whoosh-compat's own tests/emitter/test_acceptance_e2e.py.
+
+Supersedes test_query.py's TestParseUserQuery result-level cases.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import UTC
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+import time_machine
+from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+
+from documents.models import CustomField
+from documents.models import CustomFieldInstance
+from documents.models import Document
+from documents.models import DocumentType
+from documents.models import Note
+from documents.models import StoragePath
+from documents.search._query import parse_user_query
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+FROZEN_NOW = datetime(2026, 6, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    """Create a Document and index it in one step, for the common case
+    where nothing needs to happen between the two (no related Note/
+    CustomFieldInstance to attach first)."""
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def indexed_documents(backend: TantivyBackend) -> dict[str, int]:
+    """Index a small fixture set, return {label: doc_id} for corpus queries."""
+    docs = {
+        "invoice_2020": _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice 2020",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="acc-invoice-2020",
+            archive_serial_number=100,
+        ),
+        "invoice_2021": _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice 2021",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="acc-invoice-2021",
+            archive_serial_number=101,
+        ),
+        "invoice_2023": _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice 2023",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="acc-invoice-2023",
+            archive_serial_number=102,
+        ),
+        "receipt_2022": _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Receipt 2022",
+            content="receipt total due",
+            checksum="acc-receipt-2022",
+            archive_serial_number=103,
+        ),
+    }
+    return {label: doc.pk for label, doc in docs.items()}
+
+
+class TestIssue13568BracketWildcard:
+    """paperless-ngx#13568: title:202[0-3]* must keep its character class,
+    not fold to a prefix query that silently drops it."""
+
+    def test_bracket_class_wildcard_matches_only_in_range_years(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        indexed_documents: dict[str, int],
+    ) -> None:
+        # [0-1] (not [0-3]) is deliberate: the fixture's four years are
+        # 2020/2021/2022/2023, i.e. their trailing digit is 0/1/2/3
+        # respectively - a [0-3] class would match all four and the test
+        # would pass even if the character class were silently dropped and
+        # folded to an unconstrained "202*" prefix. [0-1] partitions the
+        # fixture into a genuine in-range/out-of-range split.
+        matched = _matched_ids(backend, "title:202[0-1]*")
+        expected = {
+            indexed_documents["invoice_2020"],
+            indexed_documents["invoice_2021"],
+        }
+        assert matched == expected, (
+            "title:202[0-1]* must match 2020/2021 titles and exclude 2022/2023 "
+            "- if this matches everything, the wildcard's character class was "
+            "silently dropped (issue #13568's original bug)"
+        )
+
+
+class TestFieldBoosts:
+    def test_title_boost_ranks_title_match_above_content_only_match(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        title_match = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="urgent",
+            content="nothing else relevant",
+            checksum="acc-boost-title",
+        )
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="nothing",
+            content="urgent matter here",
+            checksum="acc-boost-content",
+        )
+        query = parse_user_query(backend._index, "urgent", UTC)
+        searcher = backend._index.searcher()
+        results = searcher.search(query, limit=10)
+        ranked_ids = [
+            searcher.doc(addr).to_dict()["id"][0] for _score, addr in results.hits
+        ]
+        assert ranked_ids[0] == title_match.pk
+
+
+class TestJsonSubpaths:
+    def test_notes_user_matches_document_with_that_note_author(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        alice = User.objects.create_user(username="alice")
+        doc_with_note = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Has note",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="acc-note-with",
+        )
+        Note.objects.create(document=doc_with_note, user=alice, note="reminder")
+        backend.add_or_update(doc_with_note)
+        _index(backend, title="No note", content="x", checksum="acc-note-without")
+        matched = _matched_ids(backend, "notes.user:alice")
+        assert matched == {doc_with_note.pk}
+
+    def test_custom_fields_name_and_value_combine(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        field = CustomField.objects.create(
+            name="Contract Number",
+            data_type=CustomField.FieldDataType.STRING,
+        )
+        other_field = CustomField.objects.create(
+            name="Other Field",
+            data_type=CustomField.FieldDataType.STRING,
+        )
+        matching = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Matching",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="acc-cf-matching",
+        )
+        CustomFieldInstance.objects.create(
+            document=matching,
+            field=field,
+            value_text="policy",
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(matching)
+        non_matching = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Non-matching",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="acc-cf-nonmatching",
+        )
+        CustomFieldInstance.objects.create(
+            document=non_matching,
+            field=other_field,
+            value_text="policy",
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(non_matching)
+        matched = _matched_ids(
+            backend,
+            'custom_fields.name:"Contract Number" custom_fields.value:policy',
+        )
+        assert matched == {matching.pk}
+
+
+class TestUnregisteredIdFieldFoldsToLiteralText:
+    """tag_id, owner_id, etc. are intentionally excluded from the
+    FieldRegistry - always internal index columns, never meant to be
+    query-addressable. Prove an unregistered field folds to a literal
+    text search that matches nothing, rather than erroring."""
+
+    def test_tag_id_query_matches_nothing(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        indexed_documents: dict[str, int],
+    ) -> None:
+        matched = _matched_ids(backend, "tag_id:5")
+        assert matched == set()
+
+
+class TestFuzzyBlendSurvivesWhooshGrammar:
+    """A query mixing whoosh-only grammar (a date keyword) with a typo'd
+    free-text word must still fuzzy-match the intended document when
+    ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD is enabled. The fuzzy clause is built
+    from the parsed query's free-text tokens (whoosh_compat's
+    free_text_tokens), never from the raw query string, so whoosh grammar
+    that tantivy's own parser rejects cannot knock the fuzzy clause out."""
+
+    def test_typo_fuzzy_matches_alongside_date_keyword(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        settings,
+    ) -> None:
+        settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD = 0.5
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            doc = _index(
+                backend,
+                title="Receipt March",
+                content="receipt total due",
+                checksum="fuzzy-blend-1",
+                archive_serial_number=900,
+            )
+            # Sanity: the exact spelling matches through the exact clause.
+            assert doc.pk in _matched_ids(backend, "added:today receipt")
+            # The regression: the misspelling (one transposition) only
+            # matches via the fuzzy clause, and "added:today" is
+            # whoosh-only grammar tantivy's parser rejects, so raw-string
+            # fuzzy parsing skips the clause entirely and this returns
+            # nothing. The typo is deliberate; keep codespell away from it.
+            typo_query = "added:today reciept"  # codespell:ignore reciept
+            assert doc.pk in _matched_ids(backend, typo_query)
+
+    def test_negated_words_do_not_fuzzy_match(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        settings,
+    ) -> None:
+        # A term the user excluded must not resurface through the fuzzy
+        # clause. The shape is chosen so this genuinely discriminates: the
+        # indexed document contains the NOT'd word but NOT the positive
+        # word, so nothing matches the exact clause, and a fuzzy string
+        # naively built from ALL words (including the NOT'd one) would
+        # make this document the sole hit, normalize its score to 1.0,
+        # and survive any threshold. (A shape with an exact-matching
+        # sibling document does NOT discriminate: normalization ranks the
+        # resurfaced doc far below the exact match and the threshold cuts
+        # it even for a naive implementation.)
+        settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD = 0.5
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            _index(
+                backend,
+                title="Receipt Archive",
+                content="receipt archived stack",
+                checksum="fuzzy-blend-2",
+                archive_serial_number=901,
+            )
+            assert _matched_ids(backend, "added:today total NOT receipt") == set()
+
+
+class TestUnquotedDateKeywordPhrases:
+    """The unquoted spelling (added:previous month) is honored natively by
+    whoosh-compat's own grammar for this closed phrase vocabulary, no
+    app-level rewrite is involved. Pins that the historically supported
+    spelling keeps working now that paperless no longer pre-quotes it."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def period_documents(self, backend: TantivyBackend) -> dict[str, int]:
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            in_may = _index(
+                backend,
+                title="May Doc",
+                content="statement",
+                checksum="kw-may",
+                archive_serial_number=910,
+                added=datetime(2026, 5, 20, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC),
+            )
+            in_june = _index(
+                backend,
+                title="June Doc",
+                content="statement",
+                checksum="kw-june",
+                archive_serial_number=911,
+                added=datetime(2026, 6, 10, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC),
+            )
+        return {"in_may": in_may.pk, "in_june": in_june.pk}
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "query",
+        [
+            pytest.param("added:previous month", id="unquoted"),
+            pytest.param('added:"previous month"', id="quoted"),
+            pytest.param("added:Previous Month", id="unquoted-mixed-case"),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_unquoted_matches_the_same_documents_as_quoted(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        period_documents: dict[str, int],
+        query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            assert _matched_ids(backend, query) == {period_documents["in_may"]}
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "query",
+        [
+            pytest.param("added:this month", id="this-month"),
+            pytest.param("added:this year", id="this-year"),
+            pytest.param("added:previous week", id="previous-week"),
+            pytest.param("added:previous quarter", id="previous-quarter"),
+            pytest.param("added:previous year", id="previous-year"),
+            pytest.param("created:previous month", id="created-field"),
+            pytest.param("modified:previous month", id="modified-field"),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_every_phrase_and_date_field_parses_without_error(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        period_documents: dict[str, int],
+        query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        # The whole vocabulary times every date field must at least parse
+        # and search cleanly (no SearchQueryError -> no HTTP 400); exact
+        # window semantics are whoosh-compat's, pinned in its own suite.
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            _matched_ids(backend, query)
+
+    def test_text_field_keyword_words_are_ordinary_text(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        period_documents: dict[str, int],
+    ) -> None:
+        # "previous month" after a TEXT field (or unfielded) is ordinary
+        # text, not a date phrase: a title actually containing the words
+        # matches, and the date-window documents do not.
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            wordy = _index(
+                backend,
+                title="Notes from the previous month",
+                content="meeting notes",
+                checksum="kw-text",
+                archive_serial_number=912,
+            )
+            assert _matched_ids(backend, "title:previous month") == {wordy.pk}
+
+
+class TestFieldAliases:
+    """type:/path: are registry aliases for document_type:/storage_path:.
+    The only other alias coverage is parse-shape; these prove resolution
+    end-to-end against a real index."""
+
+    def test_type_alias_and_canonical_name_match_the_same_document(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        invoice_type = DocumentType.objects.create(name="invoice")
+        # Discriminating shape: document_type is itself a default search
+        # field, so if alias resolution ever broke and "type:invoice"
+        # demoted to unfielded text, the token would STILL match the typed
+        # document through the field value. The decoy carries the query
+        # word in content, so a demoted search matches BOTH documents and
+        # the exact-set assertions fail. (The title avoids stemming to
+        # "type": english stems Typed -> type.)
+        typed = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="First",
+            content="quarterly statement",
+            checksum="alias-type-1",
+            document_type=invoice_type,
+        )
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Second",
+            content="invoice mentioned in body",
+            checksum="alias-type-2",
+        )
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "type:invoice") == {typed.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "document_type:invoice") == {typed.pk}
+
+    def test_path_alias_and_canonical_name_match_the_same_document(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        archive = StoragePath.objects.create(name="archive", path="archive/{title}")
+        stored = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Stored",
+            content="quarterly statement",
+            checksum="alias-path-1",
+            storage_path=archive,
+        )
+        # storage_path is NOT a default search field today, so a demoted
+        # "path:archive" already matches nothing; the content decoy keeps
+        # this test discriminating even if it ever joins the defaults.
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Loose",
+            content="archive mentioned in body",
+            checksum="alias-path-2",
+        )
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "path:archive") == {stored.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "storage_path:archive") == {stored.pk}

src/documents/tests/search/test_checksum_prefix_queries.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""``checksum`` wildcard patterns stay literal end to end, once user queries
+route through whoosh-compat.
+
+The registry-level fact (the pattern normalizer folds a KEYWORD pattern
+rather than stemming it) is pinned on its own in
+``test_keyword_pattern_literal.py``. This proves it actually reaches a real
+query: ``checksum:ceded*`` must match only the document whose checksum
+starts with "ceded", not the one whose checksum stems to the same run.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+
+from documents.models import Document
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+CEDEF00D = "cedef00ddeadbeef0123456789abcdef01234567"
+CEDEDEAD = "cededeadbeef567801234567" + "89abcdef01234567"
+
+
+class TestChecksumPrefixQueries:
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def indexed(self, backend: TantivyBackend) -> None:
+        for i, checksum in enumerate((CEDEF00D, CEDEDEAD)):
+            doc = Document.objects.create(
+                title=f"Checksum doc {i}",
+                content="invoices for the quarter",
+                checksum=checksum,
+                archive_serial_number=940 + i,
+            )
+            backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+    def _ids(self, backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+        return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+    def test_prefix_matches_only_the_document_that_starts_with_it(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        indexed: None,
+    ) -> None:
+        matched = self._ids(backend, "checksum:ceded*")
+        expected = Document.objects.get(checksum=CEDEDEAD).pk
+        assert matched == {expected}
+
+    def test_text_prefix_still_reaches_the_stemmed_index(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        indexed: None,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert len(self._ids(backend, "invoice*")) == 2

src/documents/tests/search/test_cjk_clause.py

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+"""The CJK bigram clause blended into QUERY-mode searches.
+
+The clause exists so CJK runs are matchable at all (the default analyzers
+keep a whitespace-free CJK run as one indivisible token), but it must not
+widen the query beyond what the user asked for: a CJK term the query
+excludes, or restricts to one field, must not come back through it.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+
+from documents.models import Document
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pytest_django.fixtures import SettingsWrapper
+
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestCjkClauseFollowsTheParsedQuery:
+    def test_negated_cjk_term_is_excluded(self, backend: TantivyBackend) -> None:
+        """'invoice NOT 漢字' must not return the document containing 漢字."""
+        with_cjk = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice A",
+            content="invoice total 漢字",
+            checksum="cjk-neg-1",
+        )
+        without_cjk = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice B",
+            content="invoice total only",
+            checksum="cjk-neg-2",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "invoice") == {with_cjk.pk, without_cjk.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "invoice NOT 漢字") == {without_cjk.pk}
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        ("threshold", "expected"),
+        [
+            pytest.param(None, {"titled"}, id="fuzzy_off"),
+            pytest.param(0.0, {"titled", "content_only"}, id="fuzzy_on"),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_fielded_cjk_term_searches_only_that_field(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+        threshold: float | None,
+        expected: set[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        """'title:東京' must not match a document whose 東京 is in the content.
+
+        The CJK clause honours the field. The fuzzy clause, when enabled,
+        does not: it contributes every free-text term UNFIELDED by design
+        (see _try_parse_fuzzy_query), so it brings the content-only
+        document back on its own 0.1-boosted terms. That is the documented
+        trade-off, pinned here so it stays deliberate.
+        """
+        settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD = threshold
+        content_only = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Tokyo report",
+            content="東京都の人口は約1400万人です",
+            checksum="cjk-field-1",
+        )
+        titled = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="東京都の報告書",
+            content="an english summary",
+            checksum="cjk-field-2",
+        )
+        pks = {"titled": titled.pk, "content_only": content_only.pk}
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "東京") == set(pks.values())
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "title:東京") == {pks[label] for label in expected}
+
+    def test_cjk_on_a_non_default_field_builds_no_clause(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A CJK term restricted to a field outside the default search fields
+        has nothing to contribute to the bigram clause: 'notes:東京' must not
+        fall back to matching 東京 in the content."""
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Tokyo report",
+            content="東京都の人口は約1400万人です",
+            checksum="cjk-notes-1",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "notes:東京") == set()
+
+    def test_bare_cjk_term_still_matches_every_default_field(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The clause's reason for existing: an unfielded CJK run matches
+        wherever it is indexed, and does so alongside a latin term."""
+        in_content = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="report",
+            content="本文に重要な情報",
+            checksum="cjk-bare-1",
+        )
+        in_title = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="重要な報告書",
+            content="english only",
+            checksum="cjk-bare-2",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "重要") == {in_content.pk, in_title.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "重要 OR report") == {
+            in_content.pk,
+            in_title.pk,
+        }

src/documents/tests/search/test_date_keyword_phrase_removal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+"""Pins the correctness gained by deleting the pre-parse
+_quote_date_keyword_phrases rewrite.
+
+That rewrite matched date-keyword phrases (e.g. "previous month" after a
+date field) anywhere in the raw query string, including inside an
+unrelated quoted string, and inserted quotes mid-phrase there too. Its
+own docstring gave ``title:"see added:previous month notes"`` as the
+example of what it corrupted. whoosh-compat's grammar accepts the same
+phrase vocabulary unquoted natively (see TestUnquotedDateKeywordPhrases
+in test_acceptance.py), so the rewrite was redundant everywhere it was
+safe and actively wrong everywhere it was not. This is the one case that
+tells the two apart: a literal title phrase that happens to contain
+"added:previous month" as running text.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+
+from documents.models import Document
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestQuotedStringContainingDateKeywordText:
+    """A quoted title phrase containing the literal text
+    "added:previous month" as running words must match on that literal
+    text alone, never spill into an unfielded search for "previous" and
+    "month" across the default search fields the way the deleted rewrite
+    would have decomposed it into."""
+
+    def test_matches_only_the_literal_phrase(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        literal = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="see added:previous month notes",
+            content="quarterly filing",
+            checksum="dkp-literal",
+            archive_serial_number=920,
+        )
+        # Under the deleted rewrite, this decoy would incorrectly match:
+        # its title contains the "see added:" and " notes" fragments the
+        # corrupted parse required as title phrases, and its content
+        # supplies "previous" and "month" as the decomposed word-match
+        # clauses the rewrite turned the middle of the phrase into.
+        decoy = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="see added: quarterly report notes",
+            content="we reviewed the previous statement about month end",
+            checksum="dkp-decoy",
+            archive_serial_number=921,
+        )
+        query = 'title:"see added:previous month notes"'
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, query) == {literal.pk}
+        assert decoy.pk not in _matched_ids(backend, query)

src/documents/tests/search/test_date_keyword_timezone.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""Date keyword phrases (``today``, etc.) resolved in a non-UTC timezone,
+end to end.
+
+paperless's own ``tz=get_current_timezone()`` plumbing
+(``TantivyBackend._parse_query``) is exercised elsewhere only for
+relative *ranges* (``added:[-1 week to now]``, in
+documents/tests/test_api_search.py). This covers a date *keyword*
+(``today``), whose day boundary depends on the active timezone the same
+way but goes through whoosh-compat's DateParserPlugin resolution instead
+of an explicit range.
+
+Discriminating shape: frozen at 2026-06-15T02:00 UTC, which is
+2026-06-14T22:00 in America/New_York -- still "today" (06-14) there, but
+already "today" (06-15) in UTC. Two documents pin both directions of the
+mistake a hardcoded-UTC bug would make:
+
+- ``in_ny_today`` (added 2026-06-14T20:00 UTC = 2026-06-14T16:00 NY) is
+  inside New York's "today" window and outside a naive UTC-calendar-day
+  window. A ``tz``-ignoring bug would miss it.
+- ``in_utc_calendar_day_only`` (added 2026-06-15T10:00 UTC =
+  2026-06-15T06:00 NY) is inside a naive UTC-calendar-day window but
+  outside New York's actual "today" window. A ``tz``-ignoring bug would
+  wrongly match it.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import UTC
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+import time_machine
+
+from documents.models import Document
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pytest_django.fixtures import SettingsWrapper
+
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+FROZEN_NOW = datetime(2026, 6, 15, 2, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestDateKeywordUsesTheActiveTimezone:
+    def test_today_matches_the_new_york_calendar_day_not_the_utc_one(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+    ) -> None:
+        settings.TIME_ZONE = "America/New_York"
+        with time_machine.travel(FROZEN_NOW, tick=False):
+            in_ny_today = _index(
+                backend,
+                title="NY today",
+                content="x",
+                checksum="tz-keyword-ny-today",
+                added=datetime(2026, 6, 14, 20, 0, tzinfo=UTC),
+            )
+            # Not captured: the exact-set assertion below already proves
+            # this document (inside a naive UTC-calendar-day window, but
+            # outside New York's actual "today") does not match.
+            _index(
+                backend,
+                title="UTC calendar day only",
+                content="x",
+                checksum="tz-keyword-utc-calendar-day-only",
+                added=datetime(2026, 6, 15, 10, 0, tzinfo=UTC),
+            )
+
+            assert _matched_ids(backend, "added:today") == {in_ny_today.pk}

src/documents/tests/search/test_default_search_fields_guard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+"""``_DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS`` must stay a subset of the registered public
+field names.
+
+Nothing enforced this before: a rename in PUBLIC_FIELDS not mirrored in
+``_DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS`` (documents/search/_query.py) would 400 every
+unfielded search at request time, since ``index.parse_query`` and the
+fuzzy/CJK clause builders are handed a field name the schema no longer
+has.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
+from documents.search._query import _DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS
+
+
+class TestDefaultSearchFieldsAreRegistered:
+    def test_every_default_search_field_is_a_public_field(self) -> None:
+        public_field_names = {f.name for f in PUBLIC_FIELDS}
+        assert set(_DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS) <= public_field_names

src/documents/tests/search/test_error_routing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+"""Diagnostics route by Cause, and user-facing messages are host-owned.
+
+whoosh-compat documents ``Diagnostic.message`` as developer output with no
+stability guarantee, so it must never reach an HTTP response body.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from datetime import UTC
+
+import pytest
+import tantivy
+from whoosh_compat.errors import Diagnostic
+from whoosh_compat.errors import DiagnosticKind
+from whoosh_compat.errors import QueryError
+from whoosh_compat.errors import cause_for
+from whoosh_compat.fields import FieldKind
+from whoosh_compat.fields import FieldRef
+
+from documents.search._errors import SearchQueryError
+from documents.search._query import _map_emit_error
+from documents.search._query import _single_diagnostic_to_error
+from documents.search._query import parse_user_query
+from documents.search._schema import build_schema
+from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.search
+
+_LIBRARY_PROSE = "INTERNAL LIBRARY WORDING WITH raw tantivy detail"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def query_index() -> tantivy.Index:
+    """An in-memory, unstemmed index; these tests only parse, never index."""
+    idx = tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=None)
+    register_tokenizers(idx, "")
+    return idx
+
+
+def _diagnostic(
+    kind: DiagnosticKind,
+    *,
+    field: FieldRef | None = FieldRef("title"),
+    field_kind: FieldKind | None = FieldKind.TEXT,
+) -> Diagnostic:
+    """A Diagnostic shaped like the emitter's, with the library's own
+    kind -> cause mapping rather than a hand-picked cause."""
+    return Diagnostic(
+        kind=kind,
+        cause=cause_for(kind),
+        message=_LIBRARY_PROSE,
+        field=field,
+        field_kind=field_kind,
+    )
+
+
+class TestEmitErrorRouting:
+    """Every Cause gets a distinguishable treatment, not just "a 400"."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "kind",
+        [
+            DiagnosticKind.BACKEND_REJECTED,
+            DiagnosticKind.AST_INVALID_SHAPE,
+            DiagnosticKind.AST_UNKNOWN_FIELD,
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_internal_cause_is_not_converted(self, kind: DiagnosticKind) -> None:
+        """A library defect must surface as a 500 monitoring can see, not a
+        400 blaming the user."""
+        error = QueryError(_diagnostic(kind))
+        with pytest.raises(QueryError) as excinfo:
+            _map_emit_error(error)
+        assert excinfo.value is error
+
+    def test_misconfigured_cause_is_logged_and_becomes_a_400(
+        self,
+        caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+    ) -> None:
+        kind = DiagnosticKind.SCHEMA_FIELD_MISSING
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR, logger="paperless.search"):
+            error = _map_emit_error(
+                QueryError(_diagnostic(kind, field=FieldRef("asn"))),
+            )
+        assert isinstance(error, SearchQueryError)
+        errors = [r for r in caplog.records if r.levelno == logging.ERROR]
+        assert len(errors) == 1
+        assert "asn" in errors[0].getMessage()
+        assert kind.name in errors[0].getMessage()
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "kind",
+        [
+            DiagnosticKind.TEXT_RANGE,
+            DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_TOO_COMPLEX,
+            DiagnosticKind.EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST,
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_unsupported_cause_is_a_400_with_no_operator_log(
+        self,
+        kind: DiagnosticKind,
+        caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A query tantivy cannot run is the user's to fix; it must not page
+        an operator the way a registry/schema mismatch does.
+
+        EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST is nominally MISCONFIGURED but belongs here: it
+        is decided from the registry's own FieldSpec, so it never reports a
+        disagreement anyone could resolve."""
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger="paperless.search"):
+            error = _map_emit_error(QueryError(_diagnostic(kind)))
+        assert isinstance(error, SearchQueryError)
+        assert caplog.records == []
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "kind",
+        [
+            DiagnosticKind.TEXT_RANGE,
+            DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_TOO_COMPLEX,
+            DiagnosticKind.EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST,
+            DiagnosticKind.SCHEMA_FIELD_MISSING,
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_user_facing_message_never_echoes_library_prose(
+        self,
+        kind: DiagnosticKind,
+    ) -> None:
+        error = _map_emit_error(QueryError(_diagnostic(kind)))
+        assert _LIBRARY_PROSE not in str(error)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "kind",
+        [
+            DiagnosticKind.TEXT_RANGE,
+            DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_TOO_COMPLEX,
+            DiagnosticKind.EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST,
+            DiagnosticKind.SCHEMA_FIELD_MISSING,
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_user_facing_message_names_the_field(
+        self,
+        kind: DiagnosticKind,
+    ) -> None:
+        """FieldRef.__str__ yields the canonical dotted name, including a
+        JSON subpath, so every user-reachable emit kind can name it."""
+        diagnostic = _diagnostic(
+            kind,
+            field=FieldRef("custom_fields", "value"),
+            field_kind=FieldKind.JSON,
+        )
+        error = _map_emit_error(QueryError(diagnostic))
+        assert "custom_fields.value" in str(error)
+
+
+class TestParseDiagnosticMessages:
+    """Parse-time diagnostics are host-worded too, off field_kind."""
+
+    def test_too_deep_is_a_400_without_library_prose(self) -> None:
+        error = _single_diagnostic_to_error(
+            _diagnostic(DiagnosticKind.TOO_DEEP, field=None, field_kind=None),
+        )
+        assert isinstance(error, SearchQueryError)
+        assert _LIBRARY_PROSE not in str(error)
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        ("kind", "field_kind"),
+        [
+            (DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_ON_NUMERIC, FieldKind.U64),
+            (DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_ON_BOOLEAN_EXISTS, FieldKind.BOOLEAN_EXISTS),
+            (DiagnosticKind.PATTERN_ON_SUBPATH, FieldKind.JSON),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_pattern_on_kinds_name_the_field_and_its_kind(
+        self,
+        kind: DiagnosticKind,
+        field_kind: FieldKind,
+    ) -> None:
+        error = _single_diagnostic_to_error(
+            _diagnostic(kind, field=FieldRef("asn"), field_kind=field_kind),
+        )
+        message = str(error)
+        assert _LIBRARY_PROSE not in message
+        assert "asn" in message
+        assert field_kind.name.lower() in message
+
+    def test_single_char_bracket_range_names_the_field_and_the_value(self) -> None:
+        diagnostic = Diagnostic(
+            kind=DiagnosticKind.SINGLE_CHAR_BRACKET_RANGE,
+            cause=cause_for(DiagnosticKind.SINGLE_CHAR_BRACKET_RANGE),
+            message=_LIBRARY_PROSE,
+            field=FieldRef("title"),
+            field_kind=FieldKind.TEXT,
+            raw_value="200[1-9]",
+        )
+        error = _single_diagnostic_to_error(diagnostic)
+        message = str(error)
+        assert isinstance(error, SearchQueryError)
+        assert _LIBRARY_PROSE not in message
+        assert "title" in message
+        assert "200[1-9]" in message
+
+
+class TestRealQueriesRouteCorrectly:
+    """The routing table against diagnostics emit() really produces."""
+
+    def test_text_range_is_a_400_naming_the_field(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+    ) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(SearchQueryError) as excinfo:
+            parse_user_query(query_index, "title:[a to b]", UTC)
+        assert "title" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+    def test_wildcard_on_a_numeric_field_is_a_400_naming_the_field(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+    ) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(SearchQueryError) as excinfo:
+            parse_user_query(query_index, "asn:12*", UTC)
+        assert "asn" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+    def test_single_char_bracket_range_is_a_400_naming_field_and_value(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+    ) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(SearchQueryError) as excinfo:
+            parse_user_query(query_index, "title:200[1-9]", UTC)
+        message = str(excinfo.value)
+        assert "title" in message
+        assert "200[1-9]" in message
+
+    def test_internal_diagnostic_escapes_as_a_query_error(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The one case with no query text that reaches it: emit() reporting
+        a defect in itself must not be converted to a user-facing 400."""
+        import documents.search._query as query_mod
+
+        def raise_internal(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> None:
+            raise QueryError(_diagnostic(DiagnosticKind.BACKEND_REJECTED))
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(query_mod, "tantivy_emit", raise_internal)
+        with pytest.raises(QueryError):
+            parse_user_query(query_index, "invoice", UTC)

src/documents/tests/search/test_exists_on_json_fields.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""``field:*`` on a JSON field is user error, not an operator alert.
+
+whoosh-compat classifies EXISTS_REQUIRES_FAST as MISCONFIGURED, and
+_map_emit_error used to route every MISCONFIGURED diagnostic to an ERROR log.
+But the kind is decided from the registry's own FieldSpec (kind plus fast)
+without consulting the index schema, and field_descriptors() builds the JSON
+fields non-fast deliberately, so nothing is misconfigured and no operator
+action can clear the condition. Any authenticated user could otherwise emit
+ERROR lines in a loop by repeating ``notes:*``.
+
+SCHEMA_FIELD_MISSING, the other MISCONFIGURED kind, does compare the registry
+against the live schema, so it stays an ERROR.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from datetime import UTC
+
+import pytest
+import tantivy
+from whoosh_compat.errors import Diagnostic
+from whoosh_compat.errors import DiagnosticKind
+from whoosh_compat.errors import QueryError
+from whoosh_compat.errors import cause_for
+from whoosh_compat.fields import FieldKind
+from whoosh_compat.fields import FieldRef
+
+from documents.search._errors import SearchQueryError
+from documents.search._query import _map_emit_error
+from documents.search._query import parse_user_query
+from documents.search._schema import build_schema
+from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.search
+
+# Every spelling of "does this JSON field have a value" a user can type.
+EXISTS_QUERIES = [
+    "notes:*",
+    "notes.note:*",
+    "notes.user:*",
+    "custom_fields:*",
+    "custom_fields.name:*",
+    "custom_fields.value:*",
+]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def query_index() -> tantivy.Index:
+    idx = tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=None)
+    register_tokenizers(idx, "")
+    return idx
+
+
+class TestJsonExistsIsUserError:
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("query", EXISTS_QUERIES)
+    def test_query_is_a_400_that_emits_no_error_log(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+        caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+        query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger="paperless.search"):
+            with pytest.raises(SearchQueryError) as excinfo:
+                parse_user_query(query_index, query, UTC)
+        assert query.split(":", maxsplit=1)[0] in str(excinfo.value)
+        assert [r for r in caplog.records if r.levelno >= logging.ERROR] == []
+
+
+class TestGenuineMisconfigurationStillLogs:
+    def test_schema_field_missing_is_an_error_log(
+        self,
+        caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The registry naming a field the index schema does not have is a
+        real mismatch an operator can fix, so it keeps the alert."""
+        kind = DiagnosticKind.SCHEMA_FIELD_MISSING
+        error = QueryError(
+            Diagnostic(
+                kind=kind,
+                cause=cause_for(kind),
+                message="field 'asn' is not defined in the index schema",
+                field=FieldRef("asn"),
+                field_kind=FieldKind.U64,
+            ),
+        )
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.ERROR, logger="paperless.search"):
+            mapped = _map_emit_error(error)
+        assert isinstance(mapped, SearchQueryError)
+        records = [r for r in caplog.records if r.levelno == logging.ERROR]
+        assert len(records) == 1
+        assert kind.name in records[0].getMessage()

src/documents/tests/search/test_fields.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from whoosh_compat import FieldKind
+
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
+
+
+class TestPublicFields:
+    def test_json_fields_have_subpaths(self) -> None:
+        for field in PUBLIC_FIELDS:
+            if field.kind is FieldKind.JSON:
+                assert field.subpaths, f"{field.name} is JSON but has no subpaths"

src/documents/tests/search/test_fuzzy_tokenization.py

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+"""The words the fuzzy blend clause hands back to tantivy's parser.
+
+The clause re-parses a word string through tantivy, which analyzes it
+again, so the words must be the query's raw text rather than the analyzed
+text (analysis is not idempotent), and must still be split into plain
+words so that hyphenated, dotted and quoted terms keep contributing.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+
+from documents.models import Document
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pytest_django.fixtures import SettingsWrapper
+
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def fuzzy_enabled(settings: SettingsWrapper) -> None:
+    """Enable the fuzzy blend clause. The threshold doubles as a minimum
+    score filter, so it is set to 0.0: every hit passes and the test sees
+    the clause's matching behaviour, not the filter's."""
+    settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD = 0.0
+
+
+class TestFuzzyClauseWords:
+    def test_a_stemmed_word_is_not_stemmed_a_second_time(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """'universities' stems to 'univers'; feeding that back to tantivy
+        stems it again to 'univ', whose fuzzy prefix reaches unrelated
+        words. The clause must stay wide enough for a typo and no wider."""
+        wanted = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="A",
+            content="universities of europe",
+            checksum="fuzz-stem-1",
+        )
+        typo = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="B",
+            content="universties of europe",
+            checksum="fuzz-stem-2",
+        )
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="C",
+            content="univalent chemical bonds",
+            checksum="fuzz-stem-3",
+        )
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="D",
+            content="unicycle repair manual",
+            checksum="fuzz-stem-4",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "universities") == {wanted.pk, typo.pk}
+
+    def test_a_hyphenated_term_still_reaches_the_clause(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """'COVID-19' is one raw token: unless it is split into words, it
+        carries characters the re-parse would read as grammar, is dropped,
+        and the whole query loses its fuzzy clause."""
+        misspelled = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="A",
+            content="covidx testing results",
+            checksum="fuzz-hyphen-1",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "COVID-19") == {misspelled.pk}
+
+    def test_a_phrase_still_reaches_the_clause(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A phrase is one raw token carrying a space, and is the whole
+        query's only free text here."""
+        near_miss = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="A",
+            content="taxation reportage weekly",
+            checksum="fuzz-phrase-1",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, '"tax reports"') == {near_miss.pk}
+
+
+class TestBooleanKeywordsInRawText:
+    """Tantivy's boolean keywords are word runs, so they survive the cut
+    into words and its own parser reads them as grammar. Raw query text
+    reaches that parser with its case intact, so a quoted phrase can carry
+    them in."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def corpus(self, backend: TantivyBackend) -> dict[str, int]:
+        both = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="A",
+            content="taxation reportage weekly",
+            checksum="fuzz-kw-1",
+        )
+        tax_only = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="B",
+            content="taxation only here",
+            checksum="fuzz-kw-2",
+        )
+        report_only = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="C",
+            content="reportage only here",
+            checksum="fuzz-kw-3",
+        )
+        return {
+            "both": both.pk,
+            "tax_only": tax_only.pk,
+            "report_only": report_only.pk,
+        }
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "query",
+        [
+            pytest.param('"tax AND reports"', id="and"),
+            pytest.param('"tax OR reports"', id="or"),
+            pytest.param('"tax NOT reports"', id="not"),
+            pytest.param('"tax IN reports"', id="in"),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_a_keyword_inside_a_phrase_stays_an_ordinary_word(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        corpus: dict[str, int],
+        query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The phrase asks for three words, so the clause must stay the
+        disjunction it is for '"tax reports"': AND must not turn it into a
+        conjunction, NOT must not give it its own exclusion, IN must not
+        fail the parse."""
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, '"tax reports"') == set(corpus.values())
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, query) == set(corpus.values())
+
+    def test_a_trailing_keyword_does_not_drop_the_clause(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        corpus: dict[str, int],
+    ) -> None:
+        """'tax AND' is a syntax error to tantivy's parser, which would
+        cost the whole query its fuzzy clause."""
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, '"tax AND"') == {
+            corpus["both"],
+            corpus["tax_only"],
+        }

src/documents/tests/search/test_highlight_query_guard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+"""Regression coverage for the unguarded TEXT-mode highlight query.
+
+parse_simple_text_highlight_query re-parses simple-search tokens through
+Tantivy's query-string parser to build a SnippetGenerator-compatible query.
+Simple-search tokens keep arbitrary punctuation (quotes, colons, brackets,
+slashes), so any token carrying Tantivy query grammar raised an unguarded
+ValueError. The search itself had already succeeded by the time this ran:
+only the highlight step failed, and with the DocumentViewSet.list
+exception handler narrowed elsewhere on this branch, that ValueError now
+reaches the client as a bare 500 rather than a 400.
+
+Covers three angles:
+  - the query builder itself: quoting each token as its own escaped phrase
+    should let it parse instead of raising, for every failure mode a plain-
+    text query can trigger (syntax error, unknown field, unsupported regex).
+  - highlight_hits: even when a token still can't be expressed as a
+    highlight query, the guard must fall back to a query that still
+    produces usable highlight HTML, not silently empty ones.
+  - the real API endpoint: pinning the previously-500 status to 200.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+import tantivy
+from rest_framework import status
+
+from documents.search._backend import SearchMode
+from documents.search._query import parse_simple_text_highlight_query
+from documents.search._schema import build_schema
+from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
+from documents.tests.factories import DocumentFactory
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from rest_framework.test import APIClient
+
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+# Each spelling below trips a different Tantivy parser failure mode:
+#   'a"b'     -> Syntax Error (unterminated quote)
+#   foo:bar   -> unknown field
+#   (a        -> Syntax Error (unbalanced group)
+#   [a        -> Syntax Error (unbalanced range)
+#   /a/       -> Unsupported query (regex queries disallowed)
+_MALFORMED_QUERIES = [
+    pytest.param('a"b', id="unterminated_quote"),
+    pytest.param("foo:bar", id="unknown_field"),
+    pytest.param("(a", id="unbalanced_group"),
+    pytest.param("[a", id="unbalanced_range"),
+    pytest.param("/a/", id="unsupported_regex"),
+]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def query_index() -> tantivy.Index:
+    """An in-memory, unstemmed index for parse-only tests."""
+    schema = build_schema()
+    idx = tantivy.Index(schema, path=None)
+    register_tokenizers(idx, "")
+    return idx
+
+
+class TestParseSimpleTextHighlightQueryDoesNotRaise:
+    """The query builder itself must tolerate Tantivy syntax in its tokens."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("raw_query", _MALFORMED_QUERIES)
+    def test_malformed_token_does_not_raise(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+        raw_query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert isinstance(
+            parse_simple_text_highlight_query(query_index, raw_query),
+            tantivy.Query,
+        )
+
+
+class TestHighlightHitsProducesUsableHighlights:
+    """highlight_hits must keep producing real <b>-wrapped snippet HTML for
+    these queries, not merely avoid raising."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "raw_query",
+        [*_MALFORMED_QUERIES, pytest.param("plain text", id="plain_text_sanity")],
+    )
+    def test_highlight_still_contains_matched_text(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        raw_query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        doc = DocumentFactory.create(
+            title="probe",
+            content=f"needle content containing {raw_query} literally here",
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        hits = backend.highlight_hits(
+            raw_query,
+            [doc.pk],
+            search_mode=SearchMode.TEXT,
+        )
+
+        assert len(hits) == 1
+        highlights = hits[0]["highlights"]
+        assert "content" in highlights, (
+            f"Expected a content highlight for {raw_query!r}, got: {highlights!r}"
+        )
+        assert "<b>" in highlights["content"], (
+            f"Highlight for {raw_query!r} carries no matched-term markup: "
+            f"{highlights['content']!r}"
+        )
+
+
+class TestHighlightGuardDiscriminatesOnValueError:
+    """The guard added to highlight_hits must catch exactly ValueError, the
+    same shape as the sibling notes_text guard, and let anything else
+    through -- so a real library defect is never mistaken for a harmless
+    syntax error."""
+
+    def test_non_value_error_is_not_swallowed(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_runtime_error(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise RuntimeError("synthetic bug, unrelated to query syntax")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod,
+            "parse_simple_text_highlight_query",
+            raise_runtime_error,
+        )
+
+        doc = DocumentFactory.create(title="probe", content="anything here")
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+            backend.highlight_hits(
+                "anything",
+                [doc.pk],
+                search_mode=SearchMode.TEXT,
+            )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("_search_index")
+class TestApiNoLongerReturns500:
+    """Pins the actual regression: a matching TEXT-mode search whose query
+    string carries Tantivy syntax must return results, not a server error."""
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("raw_query", _MALFORMED_QUERIES)
+    def test_malformed_text_query_returns_200(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        raw_query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        from documents.search import get_backend
+
+        doc = DocumentFactory.create(
+            title="probe",
+            content=f"needle content containing {raw_query} literally here",
+        )
+        get_backend().add_or_update(doc)
+
+        response = admin_client.get(f"/api/documents/?text={raw_query}")
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK
+        assert response.data["count"] == 1
+
+    def test_plain_text_query_still_returns_200(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Sanity check: the guard must not mask a total failure of the
+        ordinary highlight path."""
+        from documents.search import get_backend
+
+        doc = DocumentFactory.create(
+            title="probe",
+            content="needle content containing plain text literally here",
+        )
+        get_backend().add_or_update(doc)
+
+        response = admin_client.get("/api/documents/?text=plain text")
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK
+        assert response.data["count"] == 1

src/documents/tests/search/test_json_field_prefixes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""Bare notes:/custom_fields: prefix resolution.
+
+"notes:foo"/"custom_fields:foo" were valid fielded searches before the
+whoosh-compat migration. The registry only exposes them as JSON subpaths, so
+each JSON FieldSpec declares a default subpath (SubpathSpec(default=True)):
+notes: resolves to notes.note:, custom_fields: resolves to
+custom_fields.value:. This replaced an earlier regex-based rewrite
+(_rewrite_bare_json_field_prefixes) that ran on the raw query string before
+parsing and was blind to quoting, so a phrase like
+content:"payment notes: none" was silently corrupted into a notes-field
+search and matched nothing. Resolving the default subpath inside the parser
+instead means quoting is already understood by the time it happens.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+
+from documents.models import CustomField
+from documents.models import CustomFieldInstance
+from documents.models import Document
+from documents.models import Note
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestBareJsonFieldPrefixes:
+    def test_bare_notes_prefix_searches_note_text(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        alice = User.objects.create_user(username="alice")
+        with_note = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Has note",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="bare-notes-with",
+        )
+        Note.objects.create(document=with_note, user=alice, note="crocodile")
+        backend.add_or_update(with_note)
+        # This document's CONTENT contains the words a demoted text search
+        # would match; it must NOT match once the prefix addresses notes.
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Notes about things",
+            content="notes crocodile mention",
+            checksum="bare-notes-decoy",
+        )
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "notes:crocodile") == {with_note.pk}
+
+    def test_bare_custom_fields_prefix_searches_values(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        field = CustomField.objects.create(
+            name="Policy Number",
+            data_type=CustomField.FieldDataType.STRING,
+        )
+        with_value = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Has field",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="bare-cf-with",
+        )
+        CustomFieldInstance.objects.create(
+            document=with_value,
+            field=field,
+            value_text="crocodile",
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(with_value)
+        _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Custom things",
+            content="custom fields crocodile",
+            checksum="bare-cf-decoy",
+        )
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "custom_fields:crocodile") == {with_value.pk}
+
+    def test_subpath_spellings_are_untouched(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        bob = User.objects.create_user(username="bob")
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Bob note",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="bare-subpath",
+        )
+        Note.objects.create(document=doc, user=bob, note="remark")
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "notes.user:bob") == {doc.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "notes.note:remark") == {doc.pk}
+
+
+class TestQuotedPhraseContainingNotesColonIsNotCorrupted:
+    """The regex rewrite this migration removes was blind to quoting: it
+    matched "notes:" anywhere in the raw query string, including inside an
+    already-quoted phrase on an unrelated field, silently turning
+    content:"payment notes: none" into a notes-field search that matched
+    nothing. Resolving the default subpath during parsing (which is
+    quote-aware) fixes this."""
+
+    def test_quoted_phrase_with_notes_colon_matches_by_content(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        target = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Statement",
+            content="payment notes: none",
+            checksum="quoted-phrase-notes-colon",
+        )
+        assert _matched_ids(
+            backend,
+            'content:"payment notes: none"',
+        ) == {target.pk}
+
+    def test_quoted_phrase_matches_the_same_document_unquoted(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Same document, phrasing without the colon: this proves the fix is
+        # about quote-awareness, not about the words themselves being
+        # unsearchable.
+        target = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Statement",
+            content="payment notes none",
+            checksum="quoted-phrase-no-colon",
+        )
+        assert _matched_ids(
+            backend,
+            'content:"payment notes none"',
+        ) == {target.pk}

src/documents/tests/search/test_json_subpath_completeness.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""Every declared JSON subpath must actually be written to the index.
+
+PUBLIC_FIELDS declares each JSON field's subpaths (e.g. ``notes`` ->
+{"user", "note"}), but nothing coupled that declaration to what
+``_backend.py``'s document builder actually writes into the JSON blob at
+index time. A subpath declared but never written would be
+queryable-but-always-empty -- syntactically valid, silently matching
+nothing -- with no test failure anywhere.
+
+This indexes one real document carrying values for every JSON field
+(a Note, a CustomFieldInstance) and inspects the document's own stored
+JSON payload, rather than running field-specific queries: that way a
+future JSON field's subpaths are covered automatically, without a new
+per-subpath query having to be added by hand each time.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+import tantivy
+from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+from whoosh_compat import FieldKind
+
+from documents.models import CustomField
+from documents.models import CustomFieldInstance
+from documents.models import Document
+from documents.models import Note
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+class TestJsonSubpathsAreWrittenAtIndexTime:
+    def test_every_declared_json_subpath_appears_in_the_stored_document(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        user = User.objects.create_user(username="completeness-user")
+        field = CustomField.objects.create(
+            name="Completeness Field",
+            data_type=CustomField.FieldDataType.STRING,
+        )
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Completeness doc",
+            content="x",
+            checksum="json-subpath-completeness",
+        )
+        Note.objects.create(document=doc, user=user, note="a note")
+        CustomFieldInstance.objects.create(
+            document=doc,
+            field=field,
+            value_text="a value",
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        index = backend._index
+        searcher = index.searcher()
+        hits = searcher.search(
+            tantivy.Query.term_query(index.schema, "id", doc.pk),
+            limit=1,
+        ).hits
+        assert hits, "the document was not indexed"
+        stored = searcher.doc(hits[0][1]).to_dict()
+
+        json_fields = [f for f in PUBLIC_FIELDS if f.kind is FieldKind.JSON]
+        assert json_fields, "no JSON fields declared - fixture is stale"
+        for field_spec in json_fields:
+            stored_values = stored.get(field_spec.name)
+            assert stored_values, (
+                f"{field_spec.name} was not written to the index at all"
+            )
+            written_keys = stored_values[0].keys()
+            for subpath in field_spec.subpaths:
+                assert subpath in written_keys, (
+                    f"{field_spec.name}.{subpath} is declared in PUBLIC_FIELDS "
+                    "but _backend.py's document builder never writes it - it "
+                    "would be queryable but always empty"
+                )

src/documents/tests/search/test_keyword_pattern_literal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+"""Wildcard patterns on KEYWORD fields must stay literal.
+
+``checksum`` is the only KEYWORD field: it is indexed with the raw tokenizer,
+so its terms are never lowercased, folded or stemmed. Running its wildcard
+patterns through the stemming normalizer rewrote hex prefixes ("ceded" ->
+"cede") and returned documents whose checksum did not start with what the user
+typed, which for an identity field is a wrong answer.
+
+This covers only the registry-level normalizer, which is all that exists to
+prove at this point in the stack: user queries are not yet routed through
+whoosh-compat (that lands with the query-layer PR), so the same fact proven
+end to end against real indexed documents lives in
+``test_checksum_prefix_queries.py``.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+
+from documents.search._registry import get_field_registry
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from whoosh_compat import FieldRegistry
+    from whoosh_compat import PatternNormalizer
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+def _normalizer(registry: FieldRegistry, name: str) -> PatternNormalizer:
+    ref = registry.make_ref(name)
+    assert ref is not None
+    resolved = registry.resolve(ref)
+    assert resolved is not None
+    assert resolved.spec.pattern_normalizer is not None
+    return resolved.spec.pattern_normalizer
+
+
+class TestKeywordPatternNormalizer:
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "run",
+        [
+            pytest.param("ceded", id="stems_to_cede"),
+            pytest.param("added", id="stems_to_ad"),
+            pytest.param("cafed", id="stems_to_cafe"),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_keyword_runs_are_folded_not_stemmed(self, run: str) -> None:
+        """One form, the run as typed: a KEYWORD pattern must never be widened
+        to a stem, which would return checksums that do not start with what
+        the user typed."""
+        normalize = _normalizer(get_field_registry("en"), "checksum")
+        assert normalize(run) == run
+
+    def test_text_runs_still_offer_their_stem(self) -> None:
+        """A TEXT field offers the stem alongside the typed run, so a term
+        matching either one is reachable."""
+        normalize = _normalizer(get_field_registry("en"), "title")
+        assert tuple(normalize("Running")) == ("running", "run")

src/documents/tests/search/test_permission_field_isolation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""Permission filtering must hold against the real indexed document shape.
+
+Only three of the index's unsigned ``*_id`` columns are load-bearing:
+``owner_id``, ``viewer_id`` and ``viewer_group_id``, all read by
+build_permission_filter. The rest (correspondent/document_type/storage_path/tag
+ids) were written on every document and read by nothing, and were dropped.
+
+These tests index real Documents through the backend's own document builder and
+assert result-level visibility per user, so a mistake about which columns are
+load-bearing shows up as documents leaking across users rather than as a passing
+unit test over a hand-built index.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
+from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+from guardian.shortcuts import assign_perm
+
+from documents.models import Correspondent
+from documents.models import Document
+from documents.models import DocumentType
+from documents.models import StoragePath
+from documents.models import Tag
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def owner() -> User:
+    return User.objects.create_user(username="owner")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def stranger() -> User:
+    return User.objects.create_user(username="stranger")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def viewer() -> User:
+    return User.objects.create_user(username="viewer")
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def group_member() -> User:
+    user = User.objects.create_user(username="group_member")
+    user.groups.add(Group.objects.create(name="accounting"))
+    return user
+
+
+class TestPermissionFilteringOnIndexedDocuments:
+    def test_unowned_document_is_visible_to_everyone(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        stranger: User,
+    ) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Public Invoice",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="perm-unowned",
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=stranger) == [doc.pk]
+
+    def test_owned_document_is_visible_only_to_its_owner(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        owner: User,
+        stranger: User,
+    ) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Private Invoice",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="perm-owned",
+            owner=owner,
+        )
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=owner) == [doc.pk]
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=stranger) == []
+
+    def test_explicitly_shared_document_is_visible_to_the_viewer(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        owner: User,
+        viewer: User,
+        stranger: User,
+    ) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Shared Invoice",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="perm-shared-user",
+            owner=owner,
+        )
+        assign_perm("view_document", viewer, doc)
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=viewer) == [doc.pk]
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=stranger) == []
+
+    def test_group_shared_document_is_visible_to_group_members(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        owner: User,
+        group_member: User,
+        stranger: User,
+    ) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Group Invoice",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="perm-shared-group",
+            owner=owner,
+        )
+        assign_perm("view_document", group_member.groups.first(), doc)
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=group_member) == [doc.pk]
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=stranger) == []
+
+    def test_metadata_does_not_widen_visibility(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+        owner: User,
+        stranger: User,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A document carrying correspondent/type/storage-path/tag metadata is
+        still filtered by owner alone."""
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Tagged Invoice",
+            content="invoice total due",
+            checksum="perm-metadata",
+            owner=owner,
+            correspondent=Correspondent.objects.create(name="ACME"),
+            document_type=DocumentType.objects.create(name="Bill"),
+            storage_path=StoragePath.objects.create(name="Archive", path="archive/"),
+        )
+        doc.tags.add(Tag.objects.create(name="paid"))
+        backend.add_or_update(doc)
+
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=owner) == [doc.pk]
+        assert backend.search_ids("invoice", user=stranger) == []

src/documents/tests/search/test_query.py

@@ -1,448 +1,96 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import re
 from datetime import UTC
 from datetime import datetime
-from datetime import tzinfo
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
-from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
 
 import pytest
 import tantivy
 import time_machine
 
-from documents.search._dates import _date_only_range
+from documents.search._backend import build_permission_filter
-from documents.search._dates import _datetime_range
+from documents.search._errors import InvalidDateQuery
-from documents.search._query import build_permission_filter
+from documents.search._errors import InvalidNumberQuery
+from documents.search._errors import MultipleSearchQueryErrors
+from documents.search._errors import SearchQueryError
 from documents.search._query import parse_simple_text_highlight_query
 from documents.search._query import parse_user_query
 from documents.search._schema import build_schema
 from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
-from documents.search._translate import InvalidDateQuery
-from documents.search._translate import translate_query
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser
 
 pytestmark = pytest.mark.search
 
-EASTERN = ZoneInfo("America/New_York")  # UTC-5 / UTC-4 (DST)
-AUCKLAND = ZoneInfo("Pacific/Auckland")  # UTC+13 in southern-hemisphere summer
 
-
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
-def _range(result: str, field: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+def query_index() -> tantivy.Index:
-    # Half-open period ranges close with "}" (exclusive); exact-instant ranges
+    """An in-memory, unstemmed index shared read-only across this module's
-    # (full ISO datetimes, "now", relative offsets) close with "]" (inclusive).
+    parse-only tests (none of them index documents)."""
-    m = re.search(rf"{field}:\[(.+?) TO (.+?)[\]}}]", result)
-    assert m, f"No range for {field!r} in: {result!r}"
-    return m.group(1), m.group(2)
-
-
-class TestCreatedDateField:
-    """
-    created is a Django DateField: indexed as midnight UTC of the local calendar
-    date. No offset arithmetic needed - the local calendar date is what matters.
-    """
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("tz", "expected_lo", "expected_hi"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(UTC, "2026-03-28T00:00:00Z", "2026-03-29T00:00:00Z", id="utc"),
-            pytest.param(
-                EASTERN,
-                "2026-03-28T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-29T00:00:00Z",
-                id="eastern_same_calendar_date",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 15, 30, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_today(self, tz: tzinfo, expected_lo: str, expected_hi: str) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query("created:today", tz), "created")
-        assert lo == expected_lo
-        assert hi == expected_hi
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 3, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_today_auckland_ahead_of_utc(self) -> None:
-        # UTC 03:00 -> Auckland (UTC+13) = 16:00 same date; local date = 2026-03-28
-        lo, _ = _range(
-            translate_query("created:today", AUCKLAND),
-            "created",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-03-28T00:00:00Z"
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("field", "keyword", "expected_lo", "expected_hi"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "created",
-                "yesterday",
-                "2026-03-27T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-28T00:00:00Z",
-                id="yesterday",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created",
-                "previous week",
-                "2026-03-16T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-23T00:00:00Z",
-                id="previous_week",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created",
-                "this month",
-                "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-04-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="this_month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created",
-                "previous month",
-                "2026-02-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="previous_month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created",
-                "this year",
-                "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2027-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="this_year",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created",
-                "previous year",
-                "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="previous_year",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 15, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_date_keywords(
-        self,
-        field: str,
-        keyword: str,
-        expected_lo: str,
-        expected_hi: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        # 2026-03-28 is Saturday; Mon-Sun week calculation built into expectations
-        query = f"{field}:{keyword}"
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query(query, UTC), field)
-        assert lo == expected_lo
-        assert hi == expected_hi
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 12, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_this_month_december_wraps_to_next_year(self) -> None:
-        # December: next month must roll over to January 1 of next year
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("created:this month", UTC),
-            "created",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-12-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2027-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 1, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_last_month_january_wraps_to_previous_year(self) -> None:
-        # January: last month must roll back to December 1 of previous year
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("created:previous month", UTC),
-            "created",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2025-12-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 7, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_previous_quarter(self) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query('created:"previous quarter"', UTC),
-            "created",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-04-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-07-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_unknown_keyword_raises(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unknown keyword"):
-            _date_only_range("bogus_keyword", UTC)
-
-
-class TestDateTimeFields:
-    """
-    added/modified store full UTC datetimes. Natural keywords must convert
-    the local day boundaries to UTC - timezone offset arithmetic IS required.
-    """
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 15, 30, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_added_today_eastern(self) -> None:
-        # EDT = UTC-4; local midnight 2026-03-28 00:00 EDT = 2026-03-28 04:00 UTC
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query("added:today", EASTERN), "added")
-        assert lo == "2026-03-28T04:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-29T04:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 29, 2, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_added_today_auckland_midnight_crossing(self) -> None:
-        # UTC 02:00 on 2026-03-29 -> Auckland (UTC+13) = 2026-03-29 15:00 local
-        # Auckland midnight = UTC 2026-03-28 11:00
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query("added:today", AUCKLAND), "added")
-        assert lo == "2026-03-28T11:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-29T11:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 15, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_modified_today_utc(self) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("modified:today", UTC),
-            "modified",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-03-28T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-29T00:00:00Z"
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("keyword", "expected_lo", "expected_hi"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "yesterday",
-                "2026-03-27T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-28T00:00:00Z",
-                id="yesterday",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous week",
-                "2026-03-16T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-23T00:00:00Z",
-                id="previous_week",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "this month",
-                "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-04-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="this_month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous month",
-                "2026-02-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="previous_month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "this year",
-                "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2027-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="this_year",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous year",
-                "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="previous_year",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_datetime_keywords_utc(
-        self,
-        keyword: str,
-        expected_lo: str,
-        expected_hi: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        # 2026-03-28 is Saturday; weekday()==5 so Monday=2026-03-23
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query(f"added:{keyword}", UTC), "added")
-        assert lo == expected_lo
-        assert hi == expected_hi
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 12, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_this_month_december_wraps_to_next_year(self) -> None:
-        # December: next month wraps to January of next year
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query("added:this month", UTC), "added")
-        assert lo == "2026-12-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2027-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 1, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_last_month_january_wraps_to_previous_year(self) -> None:
-        # January: last month wraps back to December of previous year
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("added:previous month", UTC),
-            "added",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2025-12-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("query", "expected_lo", "expected_hi"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                'added:"previous quarter"',
-                "2026-04-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-07-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="quoted_previous_quarter",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "added:previous month",
-                "2026-06-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-07-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="bare_previous_month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "added:this month",
-                "2026-07-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2026-08-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="bare_this_month",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 7, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_legacy_natural_language_aliases(
-        self,
-        query: str,
-        expected_lo: str,
-        expected_hi: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(translate_query(query, UTC), "added")
-        assert lo == expected_lo
-        assert hi == expected_hi
-
-    def test_unknown_keyword_raises(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unknown keyword"):
-            _datetime_range("bogus_keyword", UTC)
-
-
-class TestWhooshQueryRewriting:
-    """All Whoosh query syntax variants must be rewritten to ISO 8601 before Tantivy parses them."""
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 15, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_compact_date_shim_rewrites_to_iso(self) -> None:
-        result = translate_query("created:20240115120000", UTC)
-        assert "2024-01-15" in result
-        assert "20240115120000" not in result
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 15, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_relative_range_shim_removes_now(self) -> None:
-        result = translate_query("added:[now-7d TO now]", UTC)
-        assert "now" not in result
-        assert "2026-03-" in result
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_bracket_minus_7_days(self) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("added:[-7 days to now]", UTC),
-            "added",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-03-21T12:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_bracket_minus_1_week(self) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("added:[-1 week to now]", UTC),
-            "added",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-03-21T12:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_bracket_minus_1_month_uses_relativedelta(self) -> None:
-        # relativedelta(months=1) from 2026-03-28 = 2026-02-28 (not 29)
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("created:[-1 month to now]", UTC),
-            "created",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-02-28T12:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_bracket_minus_1_year(self) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("modified:[-1 year to now]", UTC),
-            "modified",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2025-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_bracket_plural_unit_hours(self) -> None:
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("added:[-3 hours to now]", UTC),
-            "added",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-03-28T09:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_bracket_case_insensitive(self) -> None:
-        result = translate_query("added:[-1 WEEK TO NOW]", UTC)
-        assert "now" not in result.lower()
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "added")
-        assert lo == "2026-03-21T12:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T12:00:00Z"
-
-    @time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False)
-    def test_relative_range_swaps_bounds_when_lo_exceeds_hi(self) -> None:
-        # [now+1h TO now-1h] has lo > hi before substitution; they must be swapped
-        lo, hi = _range(
-            translate_query("added:[now+1h TO now-1h]", UTC),
-            "added",
-        )
-        assert lo == "2026-03-28T11:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-03-28T13:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_8digit_created_date_field_always_uses_utc_midnight(self) -> None:
-        # created is a DateField: boundaries are always UTC midnight, no TZ offset
-        result = translate_query("created:20231201", EASTERN)
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "created")
-        assert lo == "2023-12-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2023-12-02T00:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_8digit_added_datetime_field_converts_local_midnight_to_utc(self) -> None:
-        # added is DateTimeField: midnight Dec 1 Eastern (EST = UTC-5) = 05:00 UTC
-        result = translate_query("added:20231201", EASTERN)
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "added")
-        assert lo == "2023-12-01T05:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2023-12-02T05:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_8digit_modified_datetime_field_converts_local_midnight_to_utc(
-        self,
-    ) -> None:
-        result = translate_query("modified:20231201", EASTERN)
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "modified")
-        assert lo == "2023-12-01T05:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2023-12-02T05:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_8digit_invalid_date_raises(self) -> None:
-        # The translation pipeline raises InvalidDateQuery for unparsable dates
-        # (e.g. month=13) so the API can surface a 400 telling the user the date
-        # is malformed instead of silently returning zero results.
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_query("added:20231340", UTC)
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "added"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "20231340"
-
-
-class TestParseUserQuery:
-    """parse_user_query runs the full preprocessing pipeline."""
-
-    @pytest.fixture
-    def query_index(self) -> tantivy.Index:
     schema = build_schema()
     idx = tantivy.Index(schema, path=None)
     register_tokenizers(idx, "")
     return idx
 
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def populated_index() -> tantivy.Index:
+    """An index holding one document, so a query matching nothing is
+    distinguishable from one matching everything."""
+    idx = tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=None)
+    register_tokenizers(idx, "")
+    writer = idx.writer()
+    doc = tantivy.Document()
+    doc.add_unsigned("id", 1)
+    doc.add_text("content", "needle in indexed content")
+    writer.add_document(doc)
+    writer.commit()
+    idx.reload()
+    return idx
+
+
+def _highlight_hit_count(index: tantivy.Index, raw_query: str) -> int:
+    query = parse_simple_text_highlight_query(index, raw_query)
+    return index.searcher().search(query, limit=1).count
+
+
+class TestParseUserQuery:
+    """parse_user_query runs the full preprocessing pipeline."""
+
     def test_returns_tantivy_query(self, query_index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
         assert isinstance(parse_user_query(query_index, "invoice", UTC), tantivy.Query)
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "raw_query",
+        [
+            pytest.param("invoice", id="plain_text"),
+            pytest.param("created:today", id="date_keyword"),
+            pytest.param("created:[2005 to 2009]", id="whoosh_date_range"),
+            pytest.param('added:"previous month"', id="quoted_date_phrase"),
+            pytest.param("title:202[0-1]*", id="bracket_class_wildcard"),
+        ],
+    )
     def test_fuzzy_mode_does_not_raise(
         self,
         query_index: tantivy.Index,
         settings,
+        raw_query: str,
     ) -> None:
+        # These are all valid whoosh grammar that tantivy's own query parser
+        # (used only by the fuzzy blend clause) cannot parse; the fuzzy
+        # clause must degrade gracefully instead of raising and failing the
+        # whole query. See _try_parse_fuzzy_query.
         settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD = 0.5
-        assert isinstance(parse_user_query(query_index, "invoice", UTC), tantivy.Query)
+        assert isinstance(parse_user_query(query_index, raw_query, UTC), tantivy.Query)
 
-    def test_date_rewriting_applied_before_tantivy_parse(
+    def test_date_keyword_resolves_without_raising(
         self,
         query_index: tantivy.Index,
     ) -> None:
-        # created:today must be rewritten to an ISO range before Tantivy parses it;
+        # whoosh-compat's DateParserPlugin resolves "today" against the AST
-        # if passed raw, Tantivy would reject "today" as an invalid date value
+        # directly (no string rewrite to an ISO range happens anywhere in
+        # this pipeline); the emitted tantivy query must still build cleanly.
         with time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False):
             q = parse_user_query(query_index, "created:today", UTC)
         assert isinstance(q, tantivy.Query)
@@ -466,302 +114,58 @@ class TestParseUserQuery:
     ) -> None:
         assert isinstance(parse_user_query(query_index, raw_query, UTC), tantivy.Query)
 
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "raw_query",
-        [
-            # Partial date scalar (year only)
-            pytest.param("created:2020", id="created_year_scalar"),
-            # 8-digit compact date range in brackets
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[20200101 TO 20201231]",
-                id="created_8digit_bracket_range",
-            ),
-            # Comma-separated field + date range (Whoosh v2 multi-clause syntax)
-            pytest.param(
-                "title:x,created:[2020 TO 2021]",
-                id="title_comma_created_range",
-            ),
-            # Field alias: type -> document_type
-            pytest.param("type:invoice", id="type_alias"),
-            # Multi-word date keyword
-            pytest.param("created:previous week", id="created_previous_week"),
-            # Full ISO datetime range
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]",
-                id="created_iso_range",
-            ),
-            # Comma-separated ISO ranges (Whoosh v2 syntax)
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z],"
-                "added:[2026-05-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]",
-                id="comma_iso_ranges",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_advanced_search_queries_do_not_raise(
-        self,
-        query_index: tantivy.Index,
-        raw_query: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        """
-        End-to-end: queries that the frontend sends must parse without raising.
-
-        This tests the full pipeline: translate_query -> tantivy parse_query.
-        Equivalent to asserting HTTP 200 (not 400) for each query form.
-        """
-        with time_machine.travel(datetime(2026, 6, 15, 12, 0, tzinfo=UTC), tick=False):
-            assert isinstance(
-                parse_user_query(query_index, raw_query, UTC),
-                tantivy.Query,
-            )
-
     def test_invalid_date_propagates_not_swallowed(
         self,
         query_index: tantivy.Index,
     ) -> None:
-        # parse_user_query falls back to the raw query on unexpected translation
+        # parse_user_query never falls back to the raw query string on a parse
-        # errors, but an InvalidDateQuery is intentional and must propagate so the
+        # error: a bad date diagnostic from whoosh-compat always maps to an
-        # view can return a 400 instead of silently parsing the raw (invalid) date.
+        # InvalidDateQuery and must propagate, so the view can return a 400
+        # instead of silently parsing the raw (invalid) date.
         with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
             parse_user_query(query_index, "created:202023", UTC)
         assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
         assert exc_info.value.value == "202023"
 
-
+    def test_invalid_number_raises_invalid_number_query(
-class TestYearRangeRewriting:
-    """Whoosh-style year-only date ranges must be rewritten to ISO 8601."""
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("query", "field", "expected_lo", "expected_hi"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[2020 TO 2020]",
-                "created",
-                "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="single_year_created",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[2018 TO 2021]",
-                "created",
-                "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="multi_year_range_created",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "added:[2022 TO 2023]",
-                "added",
-                "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="added_field",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "modified:[2021 TO 2021]",
-                "modified",
-                "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2022-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="modified_field",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[2020 to 2020]",
-                "created",
-                "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                id="lowercase_to_keyword",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_year_range_rewritten(
         self,
-        query: str,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
-        field: str,
-        expected_lo: str,
-        expected_hi: str,
     ) -> None:
-        result = translate_query(query, UTC)
+        with pytest.raises(InvalidNumberQuery) as exc_info:
-        lo, hi = _range(result, field)
+            parse_user_query(query_index, "asn:notanumber", UTC)
-        assert lo == expected_lo
+        assert exc_info.value.field == "asn"
-        assert hi == expected_hi
+        assert exc_info.value.value == "notanumber"
 
-    def test_reversed_year_range_is_swapped(self) -> None:
+    def test_multiple_bad_fields_raise_multiple_search_query_errors(
-        # A reversed range must not yield lo > hi, which Tantivy treats as an
-        # empty range (silently zero results). The bounds are swapped instead.
-        result = translate_query("created:[2025 TO 2020]", UTC)
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "created")
-        assert lo == "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_year_range_in_complex_boolean_query(self) -> None:
-        query = "tag:steuer AND (title:2020 OR (NOT title:2019 AND NOT title:2018 AND created:[2020 TO 2020]))"
-        result = translate_query(query, UTC)
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "created")
-        assert lo == "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert "title:2020" in result
-        assert "title:2019" in result
-        assert "title:2018" in result
-
-    def test_already_iso_date_range_passes_through_unchanged(self) -> None:
-        original = "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        assert translate_query(original, UTC) == original
-
-    def test_8digit_in_brackets_not_matched_as_year_range(self) -> None:
-        # [YYYYMMDD TO YYYYMMDD]: the translation layer converts 8-digit bounds to
-        # ISO day ranges. 20200101 -> 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z (lo of that day);
-        # 20201231 -> the ceil of Dec 31 = 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z (exclusive end).
-        # This is the correct and accepted behavior: old compact form becomes a
-        # proper Tantivy-parseable ISO range.
-        original = "created:[20200101 TO 20201231]"
-        result = translate_query(original, UTC)
-        lo, hi = _range(result, "created")
-        assert lo == "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-        assert hi == "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"
-
-
-class TestNonDateFieldsNotRewritten:
-    """Date rewriters must only fire on the date fields (created/modified/added).
-
-    Integer fields like asn/id/page_count and unknown fields would otherwise be
-    rewritten into date ranges and rejected by Tantivy as type mismatches.
-    """
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "query",
-        [
-            pytest.param("asn:20240101", id="asn_8digit"),
-            pytest.param("id:20240101", id="id_8digit"),
-            pytest.param("page_count:12345678", id="page_count_8digit"),
-            pytest.param("num_notes:20231201", id="num_notes_8digit"),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_8digit_on_integer_field_passes_through_unchanged(self, query: str) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(query, EASTERN) == query
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "query",
-        [
-            pytest.param("asn:[2000 TO 2024]", id="asn_year_range"),
-            pytest.param("id:[2000 TO 2024]", id="id_year_range"),
-            pytest.param("page_count:[2000 TO 2024]", id="page_count_year_range"),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_year_range_on_integer_field_passes_through_unchanged(
         self,
-        query: str,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
     ) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(query, UTC) == query
+        with pytest.raises(MultipleSearchQueryErrors) as exc_info:
-
+            parse_user_query(
-    def test_unknown_field_keyword_passes_through_unchanged(self) -> None:
+                query_index,
-        # foobar is not a date field: 'foobar:today' must not become a date range,
+                "created:notadate AND asn:notanumber",
-        # which Tantivy would otherwise reject as an unknown/typed field.
+                UTC,
-        assert translate_query("foobar:today", UTC) == "foobar:today"
-
-
-class TestPassthrough:
-    """Queries without field prefixes or unrelated content pass through unchanged."""
-
-    def test_bare_keyword_no_field_prefix_unchanged(self) -> None:
-        # Bare 'today' with no field: prefix passes through unchanged
-        result = translate_query("bank statement today", UTC)
-        assert "today" in result
-
-    def test_unrelated_query_unchanged(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("title:invoice", UTC) == "title:invoice"
-
-
-class TestNormalizeQuery:
-    """translate_query expands comma-separated values and collapses whitespace."""
-
-    def test_normalize_expands_comma_separated_tags(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("tag:foo,bar", UTC) == "tag:foo AND tag:bar"
-
-    def test_normalize_comma_between_range_expressions(self) -> None:
-        # Comma-separated field range expressions (Whoosh v2 syntax) must be
-        # converted to AND so Tantivy does not receive an invalid comma.
-        q = "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z],added:[2026-05-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        assert translate_query(q, UTC) == (
-            "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-            " AND "
-            "added:[2026-05-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
             )
+        assert len(exc_info.value.errors) == 2
+        kinds = {type(e) for e in exc_info.value.errors}
+        assert kinds == {InvalidDateQuery, InvalidNumberQuery}
 
-    def test_normalize_expands_three_values(self) -> None:
+    def test_unregistered_id_field_folds_to_literal_text_not_error(
-        assert (
+        self,
-            translate_query("tag:foo,bar,baz", UTC) == "tag:foo AND tag:bar AND tag:baz"
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
-        )
+    ) -> None:
-
+        # tag_id is intentionally excluded from the FieldRegistry: whoosh-compat
-    def test_normalize_collapses_whitespace(self) -> None:
+        # parity leniency folds it into literal text, not a diagnostic/400.
-        assert translate_query("bank   statement", UTC) == "bank statement"
+        # A result-level assertion that this fold actually matches nothing
-
+        # against real documents lives in
-    def test_normalize_no_commas_unchanged(self) -> None:
+        # test_acceptance.py::TestUnregisteredIdFieldFoldsToLiteralText.
-        assert translate_query("bank statement", UTC) == "bank statement"
+        q = parse_user_query(query_index, "tag_id:5", UTC)
-
+        assert isinstance(q, tantivy.Query)
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("raw", "expected"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "h52.1 - kurzsichtigkeit",
-                "h52.1 kurzsichtigkeit",
-                id="icd_code_dash_description",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "H52.1 - asd",
-                "H52.1 asd",
-                id="icd_code_uppercase_dash",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "h52.1 -",
-                "h52.1",
-                id="trailing_minus",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                ". -",
-                ".",
-                id="dot_trailing_minus",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "h52. -",
-                "h52.",
-                id="partial_code_trailing_minus",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "foo - bar - baz",
-                "foo bar baz",
-                id="multiple_dashes",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "foo + bar",
-                "foo bar",
-                id="spaced_plus_operator",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_normalize_strips_dangling_operators(self, raw: str, expected: str) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(raw, UTC) == expected
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "query",
-        [
-            pytest.param("term -other", id="adjacent_not_operator"),
-            pytest.param("-term", id="leading_not_operator"),
-            pytest.param("+term", id="leading_must_operator"),
-            pytest.param("foo -bar +baz", id="mixed_adjacent_operators"),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_normalize_preserves_valid_operators(self, query: str) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(query, UTC) == query
 
 
 class TestParseSimpleTextHighlightQuery:
     """parse_simple_text_highlight_query must not raise on natural-language queries."""
 
-    @pytest.fixture
-    def query_index(self) -> tantivy.Index:
-        schema = build_schema()
-        idx = tantivy.Index(schema, path=None)
-        register_tokenizers(idx, "")
-        return idx
-
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "raw_query",
         [
@@ -783,16 +187,25 @@ class TestParseSimpleTextHighlightQuery:
             tantivy.Query,
         )
 
-    def test_empty_query_returns_empty_query(self, query_index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
+    def test_a_real_token_matches_the_corpus(
-        result = parse_simple_text_highlight_query(query_index, "")
-        assert isinstance(result, tantivy.Query)
-
-    def test_all_operators_returns_empty_query(
         self,
-        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+        populated_index: tantivy.Index,
     ) -> None:
-        result = parse_simple_text_highlight_query(query_index, "- +")
+        """Without this, an empty corpus would make the two assertions below
-        assert isinstance(result, tantivy.Query)
+        pass for a query that matches every document."""
+        assert _highlight_hit_count(populated_index, "needle") == 1
+
+    def test_empty_query_matches_no_document(
+        self,
+        populated_index: tantivy.Index,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert _highlight_hit_count(populated_index, "") == 0
+
+    def test_all_operators_query_matches_no_document(
+        self,
+        populated_index: tantivy.Index,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert _highlight_hit_count(populated_index, "- +") == 0
 
 
 class TestPermissionFilter:
@@ -884,3 +297,52 @@ class TestPermissionFilter:
         user = django_user_model(pk=20)
         perm = build_permission_filter(perm_index.schema, user)
         assert perm_index.searcher().search(perm, limit=10).count == 1  # only unowned
+
+
+class TestSearchQueryErrors:
+    def test_invalid_date_query_is_a_search_query_error(self) -> None:
+        err = InvalidDateQuery("created", "notadate")
+        assert isinstance(err, SearchQueryError)
+        assert err.field == "created"
+        assert err.value == "notadate"
+        assert "created" in str(err)
+        assert "notadate" in str(err)
+
+    def test_invalid_number_query_is_a_search_query_error(self) -> None:
+        err = InvalidNumberQuery("asn", "notanumber")
+        assert isinstance(err, SearchQueryError)
+        assert err.field == "asn"
+        assert err.value == "notanumber"
+        assert "asn" in str(err)
+        assert "notanumber" in str(err)
+
+    def test_multiple_search_query_errors_aggregates(self) -> None:
+        sub_errors = [
+            InvalidDateQuery("created", "notadate"),
+            InvalidNumberQuery("asn", "notanumber"),
+        ]
+        err = MultipleSearchQueryErrors(sub_errors)
+        assert isinstance(err, SearchQueryError)
+        assert err.errors == tuple(sub_errors)
+        assert "created" in str(err)
+        assert "asn" in str(err)
+
+
+class TestEmitErrorContract:
+    """A QueryError from emit() surfaces as a SearchQueryError (HTTP 400).
+
+    The Cause-based routing table itself is covered in test_error_routing.py.
+    """
+
+    def test_exists_requires_fast_gets_the_user_facing_rewrite(
+        self,
+        query_index: tantivy.Index,
+    ) -> None:
+        # whoosh-compat's own message advises a host-side fast=True config
+        # change the user can't act on, so this checks OUR wording, not
+        # whoosh-compat's (that's its own test suite's job now).
+        with pytest.raises(SearchQueryError) as exc_info:
+            parse_user_query(query_index, "notes.user:*", UTC)
+        assert str(exc_info.value) == (
+            "Existence searches (field:*) are not supported for field 'notes.user'."
+        )

src/documents/tests/search/test_query_negation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+"""Negation must survive the blended query.
+
+parse_user_query ORs an exact clause with optional fuzzy and CJK clauses.
+Each of those is built from positive terms only, so unless the query's
+exclusions are applied to the blend as a whole, a document the exact
+clause excluded is re-admitted by whichever other clause is enabled.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+
+from documents.models import Document
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pytest_django.fixtures import SettingsWrapper
+
+    from documents.search._backend import TantivyBackend
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search, pytest.mark.django_db]
+
+
+def _matched_ids(backend: TantivyBackend, query: str) -> set[int]:
+    return set(backend.search_ids(query, user=None))
+
+
+def _index(backend: TantivyBackend, **kwargs: object) -> Document:
+    doc = Document.objects.create(**kwargs)
+    backend.add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def fuzzy_enabled(settings: SettingsWrapper) -> None:
+    """Enable the fuzzy blend clause. The threshold doubles as a minimum
+    score filter, so it is set to 0.0: every hit passes and the test sees
+    the clause's matching behaviour, not the filter's."""
+    settings.ADVANCED_FUZZY_SEARCH_THRESHOLD = 0.0
+
+
+class TestNegationConstrainsEveryClause:
+    @pytest.mark.usefixtures("fuzzy_enabled")
+    def test_fuzzy_clause_does_not_readmit_an_excluded_document(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        secret = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice A",
+            content="invoice total secret",
+            checksum="neg-fuzzy-1",
+        )
+        public = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice B",
+            content="invoice total public",
+            checksum="neg-fuzzy-2",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "invoice") == {secret.pk, public.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "invoice NOT secret") == {public.pk}
+
+    def test_cjk_clause_does_not_readmit_an_excluded_document(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The CJK clause legitimately carries 東京 here, so rebuilding it
+        from the AST cannot help: only applying the exclusion above the
+        blend keeps the secret document out."""
+        secret = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Tokyo A",
+            content="東京都の秘密です secret",
+            checksum="neg-cjk-1",
+        )
+        public = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Tokyo B",
+            content="東京都の報告書です public",
+            checksum="neg-cjk-2",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "東京") == {secret.pk, public.pk}
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "東京 NOT secret") == {public.pk}
+
+    @pytest.mark.usefixtures("fuzzy_enabled")
+    def test_disjunctive_negation_still_admits_the_other_branch(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """'invoice OR NOT secret' excludes nothing on its own: a document
+        matching the left branch stays in even though it contains secret."""
+        secret_invoice = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Invoice A",
+            content="invoice total secret",
+            checksum="neg-or-1",
+        )
+        unrelated = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Recipe",
+            content="flour and water",
+            checksum="neg-or-2",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "invoice OR NOT secret") == {
+            secret_invoice.pk,
+            unrelated.pk,
+        }
+
+    def test_a_negation_under_or_does_not_constrain_the_cjk_clause(
+        self,
+        backend: TantivyBackend,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The limit of the hoist, pinned deliberately.
+
+        An exclusion that is one branch's own condition cannot be restated
+        above the blend without dropping documents the other branch
+        matches, so it is left where it is and the CJK clause stays
+        unconstrained by it. That shows through here in a way it does not
+        for latin text: the exact clause cannot match a CJK run at all, so
+        the CJK clause is the only thing matching the tokyo documents, and
+        the secret one comes with it.
+        """
+        secret = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Tokyo A",
+            content="東京都の秘密です secret",
+            checksum="neg-or-cjk-1",
+        )
+        public = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Tokyo B",
+            content="東京都の報告書です public",
+            checksum="neg-or-cjk-2",
+        )
+        bill = _index(
+            backend,
+            title="Bill",
+            content="bill payment received",
+            checksum="neg-or-cjk-3",
+        )
+
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "(東京 AND NOT secret) OR bill") == {
+            bill.pk,
+            public.pk,
+            secret.pk,
+        }
+        # The same exclusion in conjunctive position is hoisted, and does
+        # constrain the CJK clause.
+        assert _matched_ids(backend, "東京 AND NOT secret") == {public.pk}

src/documents/tests/search/test_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+import pytest
+from whoosh_compat import FieldKind
+from whoosh_compat import FieldRegistry
+from whoosh_compat.fields import ResolvedField
+
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
+from documents.search._registry import get_field_registry
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def registry() -> FieldRegistry:
+    return get_field_registry(None)
+
+
+def _resolve(registry: FieldRegistry, name: str) -> ResolvedField:
+    ref = registry.make_ref(name)
+    assert ref is not None, f"{name} is not a valid field ref"
+    resolved = registry.resolve(ref)
+    assert resolved is not None, f"{name} did not resolve"
+    return resolved
+
+
+def _distinct_forms(result: str | Sequence[str]) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """The forms a term may match, in order, the way whoosh-compat's emitter
+    reads a pattern_normalizer's answer: a bare str is one form, a sequence is
+    several, deduplicated."""
+    if isinstance(result, str):
+        return (result,)
+    return tuple(dict.fromkeys(result))
+
+
+class TestFieldRegistry:
+    def test_internal_id_fields_are_not_registered(
+        self,
+        registry: FieldRegistry,
+    ) -> None:
+        for name in (
+            "tag_id",
+            "owner_id",
+            "viewer_id",
+            "correspondent_id",
+            "document_type_id",
+            "storage_path_id",
+            "viewer_group_id",
+        ):
+            assert name not in registry
+
+    def test_no_queryable_field_name_ends_in_id(self) -> None:
+        # The list above names the seven that were dropped; this catches the
+        # eighth. Internal *_id columns are written for permission filtering
+        # and joins, and whoosh only exposed them as query fields by accident,
+        # so a new one reaching the query surface is a leak rather than a
+        # feature. Checked against PUBLIC_FIELDS rather than the registry so
+        # an internal field is caught where it is declared.
+        leaked = [f.name for f in PUBLIC_FIELDS if f.name.endswith("_id")]
+        assert not leaked, f"internal id fields reached the query surface: {leaked}"
+
+    def test_type_alias_resolves_to_document_type(
+        self,
+        registry: FieldRegistry,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert _resolve(registry, "type").spec.name == "document_type"
+
+    def test_path_alias_resolves_to_storage_path(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        assert _resolve(registry, "path").spec.name == "storage_path"
+
+    def test_notes_json_subpaths_resolve(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        resolved = _resolve(registry, "notes.user")
+        assert resolved.spec.name == "notes"
+        assert resolved.json_path == "user"
+        assert resolved.is_subpath is True
+
+    def test_custom_fields_json_subpaths_resolve(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        for raw in ("custom_fields.name", "custom_fields.value"):
+            _resolve(registry, raw)
+
+    def test_unregistered_json_subpath_does_not_resolve(
+        self,
+        registry: FieldRegistry,
+    ) -> None:
+        # An unregistered subpath is not even a valid FieldRef: make_ref
+        # returns None for a dotted name whose subpath isn't registered
+        # (it doesn't produce a ref for resolve() to then reject).
+        assert registry.make_ref("notes.bogus") is None
+
+    def test_tag_is_comma_values(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        assert _resolve(registry, "tag").spec.comma_values is True
+
+    def test_correspondent_is_not_comma_values(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        # "tag" is the only field that opts in. This is only observable here:
+        # end to end the two readings of "correspondent:foo,bar" agree,
+        # because the analyzer splits the literal value on the comma anyway,
+        # so a result-level test cannot tell a value list from literal text.
+        assert _resolve(registry, "correspondent").spec.comma_values is False
+
+    def test_created_is_date_kind(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        resolved = _resolve(registry, "created")
+        assert resolved.spec.kind is FieldKind.DATE
+        assert resolved.spec.date_only is True
+
+    def test_analyzer_lowercases_and_ascii_folds(self, registry: FieldRegistry) -> None:
+        # title uses the paperless_text analyzer: simple -> remove_long ->
+        # lowercase -> ascii_fold [-> stemmer]. With no language configured
+        # (None), no stemmer runs, so "Café" folds to the single token "cafe".
+        resolved = _resolve(registry, "title")
+        assert resolved.spec.analyzer is not None
+        assert resolved.spec.analyzer("Café") == ["cafe"]
+
+    def test_checksum_analyzer_is_identity_single_token(
+        self,
+        registry: FieldRegistry,
+    ) -> None:
+        # checksum uses the raw tokenizer at index time (no splitting).
+        resolved = _resolve(registry, "checksum")
+        assert resolved.spec.analyzer is not None
+        assert resolved.spec.analyzer("ABC-123") == ["ABC-123"]
+
+    def test_pattern_normalizer_follows_the_registry_language(
+        self,
+        registry: FieldRegistry,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Index terms are stemmed, so patterns offer their stem too, using the
+        # registry's own language: "Running" has to reach the indexed "run".
+        # Without a language the index holds surface forms, so there is no
+        # second form and the run is only case/accent-folded.
+        resolved = _resolve(registry, "title")
+        assert resolved.spec.pattern_normalizer is not None
+        assert _distinct_forms(resolved.spec.pattern_normalizer("Running")) == (
+            "running",
+        )
+
+        resolved_en = _resolve(get_field_registry("en"), "title")
+        assert resolved_en.spec.pattern_normalizer is not None
+        assert _distinct_forms(resolved_en.spec.pattern_normalizer("Running")) == (
+            "running",
+            "run",
+        )
+
+    def test_registry_is_cached_per_language(self) -> None:
+        a = get_field_registry("en")
+        b = get_field_registry("en")
+        assert a is b
+
+    def test_registry_rebuilds_on_language_change(self) -> None:
+        a = get_field_registry("en")
+        b = get_field_registry("de")
+        assert a is not b

src/documents/tests/search/test_schema.py

@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import json
+from datetime import UTC
+from datetime import datetime
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 import pytest
+import tantivy
 
+from documents.search._fields import PUBLIC_FIELDS
 from documents.search._schema import SCHEMA_VERSION
+from documents.search._schema import build_schema
+from documents.search._schema import field_descriptors
 from documents.search._schema import needs_rebuild
+from documents.search._schema import schema_fingerprint
+from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pathlib import Path
@@ -29,7 +37,13 @@ class TestNeedsRebuild:
     ) -> None:
         settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE = "en"
         (index_dir / ".index_settings.json").write_text(
-            json.dumps({"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION, "language": "en"}),
+            json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+                    "language": "en",
+                    "schema_fingerprint": schema_fingerprint(),
+                },
+            ),
         )
         assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is False
 
@@ -76,3 +90,72 @@ class TestNeedsRebuild:
             json.dumps({"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION, "language": "en"}),
         )
         assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is True
+
+
+def _schema_fields(schema: tantivy.Schema) -> dict[str, dict]:
+    """{name: field-state} for every field declared on a tantivy Schema.
+
+    tantivy-py 0.26 exposes no public introspection API on Schema (no
+    __iter__, get_field, to_json, etc.) -- __reduce__() (used internally for
+    pickling) is the only way to recover the field list, so we lean on it
+    here for test assertions only.
+    """
+    state = schema.__reduce__()[1][0]
+    return {field["name"]: field for field in state["inner"]}
+
+
+class TestSchemaMatchesPublicFields:
+    def test_every_public_field_is_in_the_schema(self) -> None:
+        schema = build_schema()
+        schema_field_names = set(_schema_fields(schema))
+        for field in PUBLIC_FIELDS:
+            assert field.name in schema_field_names, (
+                f"{field.name} is in PUBLIC_FIELDS but missing from build_schema()"
+            )
+
+    def test_asn_page_count_num_notes_are_fast_unsigned_fields(self) -> None:
+        # Spot-check kind-derived construction for the U64 fields.
+        schema = build_schema()
+        doc = tantivy.Document()
+        doc.add_unsigned("id", 1)
+        doc.add_text("checksum", "x")
+        doc.add_unsigned("asn", 42)
+        doc.add_unsigned("page_count", 3)
+        doc.add_unsigned("num_notes", 0)
+        doc.add_date("created", datetime(2020, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+        doc.add_date("modified", datetime(2020, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+        doc.add_date("added", datetime(2020, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC))
+        index = tantivy.Index(schema)
+        register_tokenizers(index, None)
+        writer = index.writer()
+        writer.add_document(doc)
+        writer.commit()
+        index.reload()
+        searcher = index.searcher()
+        results = searcher.search(tantivy.Query.term_query(schema, "asn", 42), limit=1)
+        assert len(results.hits) == 1
+
+
+class TestFastFlagAgreement:
+    def test_every_public_field_fast_flag_matches_the_built_schema(self) -> None:
+        # whoosh-compat's registry trusts PUBLIC_FIELDS' fast flag when resolving
+        # field:* existence checks (its FAST_FIELD strategy); a fast=True
+        # entry whose actual tantivy column is not fast would make those
+        # searches silently match nothing at search time. Only the U64 and
+        # DATE descriptors can carry the flag today, so this
+        # pins the agreement for EVERY kind: a future fast=True
+        # TEXT/KEYWORD/JSON entry the builder silently ignores fails here
+        # instead of at a user's query.
+        #
+        # field_descriptors() (not tantivy-py's __reduce__() pickling
+        # internals) is used as the probe here: it is exactly the input
+        # build_schema()'s SchemaBuilder consumes for the `fast` kwarg on
+        # every field kind, so it pins the same agreement without depending
+        # on a private pickled representation surviving a tantivy-py
+        # upgrade.
+        descriptor_fast = {d.name: d.fast for d in field_descriptors()}
+        for public_field in PUBLIC_FIELDS:
+            assert descriptor_fast[public_field.name] == public_field.fast, (
+                f"{public_field.name}: PUBLIC_FIELDS says fast={public_field.fast} but"
+                f" field_descriptors() says fast={descriptor_fast[public_field.name]}"
+            )

src/documents/tests/search/test_schema_fingerprint.py

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+"""The schema fingerprint stamped into .index_settings.json.
+
+tantivy compares schemas by *ordered* field list, and `tantivy.Index(schema,
+path=...)` (what every write path does) raises on any difference. SCHEMA_VERSION
+is the manual guard against that, but build_schema() is edited for *parser*
+reasons - adding an alias, flipping fast=True, adding a subpath - by people not
+thinking about the on-disk index, and forgetting the bump is exactly how this
+branch's bug happened.
+
+The fingerprint is the automatic guard: it hashes the field descriptor list that
+build_schema() itself iterates, so any change to a field's name, kind, options
+or *position* forces a rebuild on its own.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+import json
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+import tantivy
+
+from documents.search import _schema
+from documents.search._schema import SCHEMA_VERSION
+from documents.search._schema import FieldDescriptor
+from documents.search._schema import _write_sentinels
+from documents.search._schema import build_schema
+from documents.search._schema import field_descriptors
+from documents.search._schema import needs_rebuild
+from documents.search._schema import schema_fingerprint
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pathlib import Path
+
+    from pytest_django.fixtures import SettingsWrapper
+
+pytestmark = pytest.mark.search
+
+# The on-disk field layout of a v2 index, pinned as data. Any edit here is an
+# index-format change: it must come with a rebuild, which the fingerprint now
+# forces automatically. Reproduced from build_schema()'s output as it stood
+# before the descriptor refactor, so it also pins that the refactor changed
+# nothing.
+PINNED_DESCRIPTORS: tuple[FieldDescriptor, ...] = (
+    FieldDescriptor("id", "u64", stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True, tokenizer=None),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "title",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "content",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "correspondent",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "document_type",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "storage_path",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "original_filename",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "tag",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "checksum",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="raw",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor("asn", "u64", stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True, tokenizer=None),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "page_count",
+        "u64",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "num_notes",
+        "u64",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "created",
+        "date",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "modified",
+        "date",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "added",
+        "date",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "notes",
+        "json",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "notes_text",
+        "text",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "custom_fields",
+        "json",
+        stored=True,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="paperless_text",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "title_sort",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer="simple_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "correspondent_sort",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer="simple_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "type_sort",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer="simple_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "bigram_content",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="bigram_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "bigram_title",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="bigram_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "bigram_correspondent",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="bigram_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "bigram_document_type",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="bigram_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "bigram_tag",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="bigram_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "simple_title",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="simple_search_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "simple_content",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="simple_search_analyzer",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "autocomplete_word",
+        "text",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=False,
+        tokenizer="raw",
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "owner_id",
+        "u64",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "viewer_id",
+        "u64",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+    FieldDescriptor(
+        "viewer_group_id",
+        "u64",
+        stored=False,
+        indexed=True,
+        fast=True,
+        tokenizer=None,
+    ),
+)
+
+
+def _schema_fields(schema: tantivy.Schema) -> list[dict]:
+    """The tantivy-level field list, in declaration order.
+
+    tantivy-py 0.26 exposes no public introspection API on Schema, so
+    __reduce__() (its pickling hook) is the only way to recover the field list.
+    It is used here, in a test, precisely because it is the representation the
+    persisted fingerprint must NOT depend on.
+    """
+    return schema.__reduce__()[1][0]["inner"]
+
+
+def _sentinels(index_dir: Path, **overrides: object) -> None:
+    data = {
+        "schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+        "language": None,
+        "schema_fingerprint": schema_fingerprint(),
+    }
+    data.update(overrides)
+    (index_dir / ".index_settings.json").write_text(json.dumps(data))
+
+
+class TestDescriptorsDescribeTheBuiltSchema:
+    def test_descriptors_match_the_pinned_field_layout(self) -> None:
+        assert tuple(field_descriptors()) == PINNED_DESCRIPTORS
+
+    def test_built_schema_matches_the_descriptors(self) -> None:
+        """The descriptors are not a parallel description - they are the input.
+
+        Reading the built schema back proves the loop honours every option, so
+        a descriptor edit cannot claim a shape the SchemaBuilder did not build.
+        """
+        kinds = {"text": "text", "json": "json_object", "u64": "u64", "date": "date"}
+        built = [
+            (
+                field["name"],
+                field["type"],
+                field["options"]["stored"],
+                bool(field["options"].get("fast")),
+                (field["options"].get("indexing") or {}).get("tokenizer"),
+            )
+            for field in _schema_fields(build_schema())
+        ]
+        expected = [
+            (
+                descriptor.name,
+                kinds[descriptor.kind],
+                descriptor.stored,
+                descriptor.fast,
+                descriptor.tokenizer,
+            )
+            for descriptor in field_descriptors()
+        ]
+        assert built == expected
+
+
+class TestFingerprintSensitivity:
+    def test_a_field_option_change_moves_the_fingerprint(
+        self,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        before = schema_fingerprint()
+        changed = field_descriptors()
+        changed[1] = changed[1]._replace(fast=True)
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_schema, "field_descriptors", lambda: changed)
+
+        assert schema_fingerprint() != before
+
+    def test_reordering_alone_moves_the_fingerprint(
+        self,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The original bug: same fields, different declaration order.
+
+        A set- or dict-based fingerprint would be blind to this, and tantivy
+        would reject every write against the existing index.
+        """
+        before = schema_fingerprint()
+        swapped = field_descriptors()
+        swapped[1], swapped[2] = swapped[2], swapped[1]
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_schema, "field_descriptors", lambda: swapped)
+
+        assert schema_fingerprint() != before
+
+    def test_repeated_calls_agree(self) -> None:
+        assert schema_fingerprint() == schema_fingerprint()
+
+
+class TestFingerprintIsIndependentOfTantivy:
+    def test_a_tantivy_option_key_addition_would_not_move_it(self) -> None:
+        """A tantivy-py upgrade must not force a global reindex.
+
+        Hashing schema.__reduce__() would do exactly that: the simulated new
+        option key below changes that payload for every user with no schema
+        change at all.
+        """
+        fields = _schema_fields(build_schema())
+        upgraded = [
+            {**field, "options": {**field["options"], "coerce": True}}
+            for field in fields
+        ]
+        assert _hash(upgraded) != _hash(fields)
+        assert schema_fingerprint() == _fingerprint_of(field_descriptors())
+
+    def test_fingerprint_never_touches_the_schema_builder(
+        self,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        before = schema_fingerprint()
+
+        class _RemovedSchemaBuilder:
+            def __init__(self) -> None:
+                raise AssertionError("tantivy.SchemaBuilder was consulted")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(tantivy, "SchemaBuilder", _RemovedSchemaBuilder)
+        with pytest.raises(AssertionError):
+            build_schema()
+
+        assert schema_fingerprint() == before
+
+
+def _hash(payload: object) -> str:
+    return hashlib.blake2b(json.dumps(payload).encode()).hexdigest()
+
+
+def _fingerprint_of(descriptors: list[FieldDescriptor]) -> str:
+    return _hash([list(descriptor) for descriptor in descriptors])
+
+
+class TestNeedsRebuildOnFingerprint:
+    def test_matching_fingerprint_does_not_rebuild(
+        self,
+        index_dir: Path,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+    ) -> None:
+        settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE = None
+        _sentinels(index_dir)
+
+        assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is False
+
+    def test_stale_fingerprint_rebuilds_despite_a_matching_version(
+        self,
+        index_dir: Path,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The failure this task exists to prevent: schema edited, version not
+        bumped. Without the fingerprint check, `reindex --if-needed` reports the
+        index up to date and every write then raises."""
+        settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE = None
+        _sentinels(index_dir)
+        extended = [
+            *field_descriptors(),
+            FieldDescriptor(
+                "new_field",
+                "u64",
+                stored=False,
+                indexed=True,
+                fast=True,
+                tokenizer=None,
+            ),
+        ]
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_schema, "field_descriptors", lambda: extended)
+
+        assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is True
+
+    def test_reordered_schema_rebuilds(
+        self,
+        index_dir: Path,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+    ) -> None:
+        settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE = None
+        _sentinels(index_dir)
+        reordered = field_descriptors()
+        reordered[1], reordered[2] = reordered[2], reordered[1]
+        monkeypatch.setattr(_schema, "field_descriptors", lambda: reordered)
+
+        assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is True
+
+    def test_missing_fingerprint_rebuilds(
+        self,
+        index_dir: Path,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+    ) -> None:
+        """No seeding: an index whose schema shape nobody recorded is rebuilt
+        rather than trusted."""
+        settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE = None
+        (index_dir / ".index_settings.json").write_text(
+            json.dumps({"schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION, "language": None}),
+        )
+
+        assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is True
+
+    def test_written_sentinels_satisfy_the_check(
+        self,
+        index_dir: Path,
+        settings: SettingsWrapper,
+    ) -> None:
+        settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE = "en"
+        _write_sentinels(index_dir)
+
+        assert needs_rebuild(index_dir) is False

src/documents/tests/search/test_schema_version.py

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+"""SCHEMA_VERSION must change whenever build_schema()'s field list or order does.
+
+tantivy compares schemas by *ordered* field list. ``Index.open()`` loads the
+schema from the index's own ``meta.json``, so reads against an index built by an
+older release keep working after a field reorder. Writes do not:
+``WriteBatch.__enter__`` calls ``tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=...)``, an
+open-or-create that raises ``ValueError`` on any schema difference. Nothing
+catches that ValueError, so consumption, index_document and bulk edit all
+hard-fail while ``/api/status/`` still reports the index healthy.
+
+The only thing that saves such an install is ``needs_rebuild()`` noticing the
+version stamped in ``.index_settings.json`` is stale.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+import tantivy
+from django.conf import settings as django_settings
+
+from documents.search._schema import build_schema
+from documents.search._schema import needs_rebuild
+from documents.search._schema import open_or_rebuild_index
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pathlib import Path
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.search]
+
+RELEASED_V1_SCHEMA_VERSION = 1
+
+
+def _build_released_v1_schema() -> tantivy.Schema:
+    """Frozen copy of build_schema() as shipped in v3.0.x (schema version 1).
+
+    Deliberately duplicated rather than imported: it must keep describing the
+    on-disk layout of already-deployed indexes even as build_schema() evolves.
+    """
+    sb = tantivy.SchemaBuilder()
+
+    sb.add_unsigned_field("id", stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True)
+    sb.add_text_field("checksum", stored=True, tokenizer_name="raw")
+
+    for field in (
+        "title",
+        "correspondent",
+        "document_type",
+        "storage_path",
+        "original_filename",
+        "content",
+    ):
+        sb.add_text_field(field, stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
+
+    for field in ("title_sort", "correspondent_sort", "type_sort"):
+        sb.add_text_field(
+            field,
+            stored=False,
+            tokenizer_name="simple_analyzer",
+            fast=True,
+        )
+
+    for field in (
+        "bigram_content",
+        "bigram_title",
+        "bigram_correspondent",
+        "bigram_document_type",
+        "bigram_tag",
+    ):
+        sb.add_text_field(field, stored=False, tokenizer_name="bigram_analyzer")
+
+    for field in ("simple_title", "simple_content"):
+        sb.add_text_field(field, stored=False, tokenizer_name="simple_search_analyzer")
+
+    sb.add_text_field("autocomplete_word", stored=False, tokenizer_name="raw")
+    sb.add_text_field("tag", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
+
+    sb.add_json_field("notes", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
+    sb.add_text_field("notes_text", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
+    sb.add_json_field("custom_fields", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
+
+    for field in (
+        "correspondent_id",
+        "document_type_id",
+        "storage_path_id",
+        "tag_id",
+        "owner_id",
+        "viewer_id",
+        "viewer_group_id",
+    ):
+        sb.add_unsigned_field(field, stored=False, indexed=True, fast=True)
+
+    for field in ("created", "modified", "added"):
+        sb.add_date_field(field, stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True)
+
+    for field in ("asn", "page_count", "num_notes"):
+        sb.add_unsigned_field(field, stored=True, indexed=True, fast=True)
+
+    return sb.build()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def released_v1_index(tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
+    """An index directory as a v3.0.x install would leave it on disk."""
+    index_dir = tmp_path / "index"
+    index_dir.mkdir()
+    tantivy.Index(_build_released_v1_schema(), path=str(index_dir))
+    (index_dir / ".index_settings.json").write_text(
+        json.dumps(
+            {
+                "schema_version": RELEASED_V1_SCHEMA_VERSION,
+                "language": django_settings.SEARCH_LANGUAGE,
+            },
+        ),
+    )
+    return index_dir
+
+
+class TestUpgradeFromReleasedV1Index:
+    def test_released_v1_index_is_flagged_for_rebuild(
+        self,
+        released_v1_index: Path,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The current schema differs from v1's, so the sentinel must be stale.
+
+        If this fails, `document_index reindex --if-needed` prints "Search index
+        is up to date" and skips, leaving the mismatched index in place.
+        """
+        assert needs_rebuild(released_v1_index) is True
+
+    def test_v1_index_rejects_writes_against_the_current_schema(
+        self,
+        released_v1_index: Path,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The failure mode the version bump exists to prevent.
+
+        This is exactly what WriteBatch.__enter__ does on every index write.
+        """
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="schema does not match"):
+            tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=str(released_v1_index))
+
+    def test_opening_a_v1_index_leaves_it_writable(
+        self,
+        released_v1_index: Path,
+    ) -> None:
+        """End to end: open_or_rebuild_index must hand back an index that the
+        write path can reopen. Before the version bump, needs_rebuild() returned
+        False here, the stale directory survived untouched, and every subsequent
+        write raised the ValueError above."""
+        open_or_rebuild_index(released_v1_index)
+
+        tantivy.Index(build_schema(), path=str(released_v1_index))
+
+    def test_rebuilt_index_is_not_rebuilt_again(
+        self,
+        released_v1_index: Path,
+    ) -> None:
+        """The rebuild must stamp the version it actually wrote, otherwise every
+        startup wipes and reindexes the whole corpus."""
+        open_or_rebuild_index(released_v1_index)
+
+        assert needs_rebuild(released_v1_index) is False

src/documents/tests/search/test_tokenizer.py

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import pytest
 import tantivy
 
 from documents.search._tokenizer import _bigram_analyzer
-from documents.search._tokenizer import _paperless_text
 from documents.search._tokenizer import _simple_search_analyzer
+from documents.search._tokenizer import paperless_text_analyzer
 from documents.search._tokenizer import register_tokenizers
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class TestTokenizers:
         sb.add_text_field("content", stored=True, tokenizer_name="paperless_text")
         schema = sb.build()
         idx = tantivy.Index(schema, path=None)
-        idx.register_tokenizer("paperless_text", _paperless_text(""))
+        idx.register_tokenizer("paperless_text", paperless_text_analyzer(""))
         return idx
 
     @pytest.fixture

src/documents/tests/search/test_translate.py

@@ -1,810 +0,0 @@
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from datetime import UTC
-from datetime import datetime
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
-from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
-
-import pytest
-import time_machine
-
-from documents.search._dates import _precision_bounds
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    import tantivy
-from documents.search._query import _FIELD_BOOSTS
-from documents.search._query import DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS
-from documents.search._translate import OPEN_HI
-from documents.search._translate import OPEN_LO
-from documents.search._translate import Comma
-from documents.search._translate import FieldRange
-from documents.search._translate import FieldValue
-from documents.search._translate import FieldValueList
-from documents.search._translate import InvalidDateQuery
-from documents.search._translate import Passthrough
-from documents.search._translate import resolve_commas
-from documents.search._translate import scan
-from documents.search._translate import translate_query
-from documents.search._translate import translate_range
-from documents.search._translate import translate_scalar
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestPrecisionBounds:
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("digits", "expected"),
-        [
-            ("2020", ((2020, 1, 1), (2021, 1, 1))),
-            ("202003", ((2020, 3, 1), (2020, 4, 1))),
-            ("202012", ((2020, 12, 1), (2021, 1, 1))),
-            ("20200115", ((2020, 1, 15), (2020, 1, 16))),
-            ("20201231", ((2020, 12, 31), (2021, 1, 1))),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_valid(self, digits, expected):
-        lo, hi = _precision_bounds(digits)
-        assert (lo.year, lo.month, lo.day) == expected[0]
-        assert (hi.year, hi.month, hi.day) == expected[1]
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize("digits", ["202023", "20200230", "20201301", "20", "abcd"])
-    def test_invalid_returns_none(self, digits):
-        assert _precision_bounds(digits) is None
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestScan:
-    def test_plain_words_are_passthrough(self):
-        assert scan("bank statement") == [Passthrough("bank statement")]
-
-    def test_field_value(self):
-        assert scan("created:2020") == [FieldValue("created", "2020")]
-
-    def test_field_value_in_boolean(self):
-        toks = scan("created:2020 OR foo")
-        assert toks == [
-            FieldValue("created", "2020"),
-            Passthrough(" OR foo"),
-        ]
-
-    def test_field_value_in_parens(self):
-        toks = scan("(created:2020 OR foo)")
-        assert toks == [
-            Passthrough("("),
-            FieldValue("created", "2020"),
-            Passthrough(" OR foo)"),
-        ]
-
-    def test_quoted_value(self):
-        assert scan('correspondent:"A B"') == [FieldValue("correspondent", '"A B"')]
-
-    def test_field_range(self):
-        assert scan("created:[2020 TO 2021]") == [
-            FieldRange("created", "[", "2020", "2021", "]"),
-        ]
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("query", "expected"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[2020 to]",
-                FieldRange("created", "[", "2020", "", "]"),
-                id="open_upper",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "created:[to 2020]",
-                FieldRange("created", "[", "", "2020", "]"),
-                id="open_lower",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_open_range(self, query, expected):
-        assert scan(query) == [expected]
-
-    def test_comma_inside_range_not_split(self):
-        # No depth-0 comma here; the whole thing is one range token.
-        toks = scan("created:[2020 TO 2021]")
-        assert len(toks) == 1
-
-    # --- Edge-case / regression tests (scan must never raise) ---
-
-    def test_url_is_passthrough(self):
-        # "http" is not a known field; the whole URL must pass through verbatim.
-        assert scan("http://example.com") == [Passthrough("http://example.com")]
-
-    def test_unterminated_quote_is_passthrough(self):
-        # title is a known field but the quoted value has no closing quote;
-        # _consume_value returns None so the whole string falls into passthrough.
-        assert scan('title:"abc') == [Passthrough('title:"abc')]
-
-    def test_unterminated_bracket_is_passthrough(self):
-        # created is a known field but the range bracket is never closed;
-        # _consume_range returns None so the whole string falls into passthrough.
-        assert scan("created:[2020") == [Passthrough("created:[2020")]
-
-    def test_empty_value_at_end_is_passthrough(self):
-        # created is a known field but there is no value after the colon
-        # (_consume_value returns None for start >= n), so passthrough.
-        assert scan("created:") == [Passthrough("created:")]
-
-    def test_value_containing_colon(self):
-        # The bare-word value reader stops at whitespace/paren, not at colon,
-        # so "2020:30" is consumed as a single value token.
-        assert scan("created:2020:30") == [FieldValue("created", "2020:30")]
-
-    def test_comma_followed_by_unconsumable_value_stops(self):
-        # A comma followed by whitespace is neither a value-list continuation nor a
-        # clause separator: the value stops and the comma stays as passthrough.
-        assert scan("tag:foo, bar") == [
-            FieldValue("tag", "foo"),
-            Passthrough(", bar"),
-        ]
-
-    def test_bracket_without_to_is_open_upper_bound(self):
-        # A bracketed value with no TO falls back to (value, "") -> open upper bound.
-        assert scan("created:[2020]") == [
-            FieldRange("created", "[", "2020", "", "]"),
-        ]
-
-    def test_known_field_name_midword_is_passthrough(self):
-        # A known field name embedded mid-word is not a field token (the
-        # word-boundary guard); the whole run stays passthrough.
-        assert scan("xtag:foo") == [Passthrough("xtag:foo")]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestCommaResolution:
-    def test_value_list_multi_value_field(self):
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("tag:foo,bar"))
-        assert toks == [FieldValueList("tag", ("foo", "bar"))]
-
-    def test_value_list_three(self):
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("tag_id:1,2,3"))
-        assert toks == [FieldValueList("tag_id", ("1", "2", "3"))]
-
-    def test_text_field_comma_is_literal(self):
-        # correspondent is not multi-value: comma stays inside the value.
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("correspondent:foo,bar"))
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("correspondent", "foo,bar")]
-
-    def test_clause_separator_before_known_field(self):
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("tag:foo,type:bar"))
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("tag", "foo"), Comma(), FieldValue("type", "bar")]
-
-    def test_clause_separator_after_range(self):
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("created:[2020 TO 2021],added:[2022 TO 2023]"))
-        assert toks == [
-            FieldRange("created", "[", "2020", "2021", "]"),
-            Comma(),
-            FieldRange("added", "[", "2022", "2023", "]"),
-        ]
-
-    def test_clause_separator_after_quote(self):
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan('correspondent:"A B",created:[2020 TO 2021]'))
-        assert toks == [
-            FieldValue("correspondent", '"A B"'),
-            Comma(),
-            FieldRange("created", "[", "2020", "2021", "]"),
-        ]
-
-    def test_url_comma_is_literal_passthrough(self):
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("http://example.com/a,b"))
-        assert toks == [Passthrough("http://example.com/a,b")]
-
-    def test_non_multi_value_comma_is_literal(self):
-        # title is not in MULTI_VALUE_FIELDS: comma stays inside the value.
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("title:10,20"))
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("title", "10,20")]
-
-    def test_clause_separator_before_known_date_field(self):
-        # The comma between a bare value and a known date field acts as a
-        # clause separator; both sides survive as distinct tokens.
-        toks = resolve_commas(scan("correspondent:foo,created:[2020 TO 2021]"))
-        assert toks == [
-            FieldValue("correspondent", "foo"),
-            Comma(),
-            FieldRange("created", "[", "2020", "2021", "]"),
-        ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestTranslateScalar:
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("field", "value", "expected"),
-        [
-            (
-                "created",
-                "2020",
-                "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            (
-                "created",
-                "202003",
-                "created:[2020-03-01T00:00:00Z TO 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            (
-                "created",
-                "20200115",
-                "created:[2020-01-15T00:00:00Z TO 2020-01-16T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            (
-                "created",
-                "2020-01-15",
-                "created:[2020-01-15T00:00:00Z TO 2020-01-16T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            (
-                "created",
-                "2020-03",
-                "created:[2020-03-01T00:00:00Z TO 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_partial_and_iso_dates(self, field: str, value: str, expected: str) -> None:
-        assert translate_scalar(field, value, UTC) == expected
-
-    def test_invalid_date_raises(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_scalar("created", "202023", UTC)
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "202023"
-
-    def test_keyword_delegates(self) -> None:
-        # keyword path produces a half-open range; just assert it is a created range
-        out = translate_scalar("created", "today", UTC)
-        assert out.startswith("created:[") and out.endswith("}")
-
-    def test_14digit_compact_datetime(self) -> None:
-        out = translate_scalar("created", "20240115120000", UTC)
-        assert "20240115120000" not in out
-        assert out.startswith("created:")
-        assert out == "created:[2024-01-15T12:00:00Z TO 2024-01-15T12:00:00Z]"
-
-    def test_14digit_invalid_month_raises(self) -> None:
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_scalar("created", "20231300120000", UTC)
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "20231300120000"
-
-    def test_unrecognized_value_raises(self) -> None:
-        # A value that is not a keyword, digits, ISO date, or compact timestamp
-        # raises rather than producing invalid Tantivy syntax or silently matching
-        # nothing.
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_scalar("created", "garbage", UTC)
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "garbage"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestTranslateRange:
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("lo", "hi", "expected"),
-        [
-            ("2005", "2009", "created:[2005-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z}"),
-            (
-                "202001",
-                "202006",
-                "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            (
-                "20200101",
-                "20201231",
-                "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            (
-                "2020-01-01",
-                "2020-12-31",
-                "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_absolute_ranges(self, lo, hi, expected):
-        assert translate_range("created", lo, hi, UTC) == expected
-
-    def test_reversed_swaps(self):
-        assert translate_range("created", "2009", "2005", UTC) == (
-            "created:[2005-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z}"
-        )
-
-    def test_open_upper(self):
-        out = translate_range("created", "2020", "", UTC)
-        assert out == f"created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO {OPEN_HI}]"
-
-    def test_open_lower(self):
-        out = translate_range("created", "", "2020", UTC)
-        assert out == f"created:[{OPEN_LO} TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z}}"
-
-    def test_invalid_bound_raises(self):
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_range("created", "202023", "2025", UTC)
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "202023"
-
-    def test_invalid_high_bound_raises(self):
-        # Low bound parses, high bound does not -> raise on the high bound.
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_range("created", "2020", "garbage", UTC)
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "garbage"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestTranslateQuery:
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("raw", "expected"),
-        [
-            (
-                "created:2020",
-                "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-            ),
-            ("tag:foo,bar", "tag:foo AND tag:bar"),
-            # 'type' is a user-facing alias rewritten to 'document_type' (the real schema field)
-            ("tag:foo,type:bar", "tag:foo AND document_type:bar"),
-            (
-                "created:[2020 TO 2021],added:[2022 TO 2023]",
-                (
-                    "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z}"
-                    " AND "
-                    "added:[2022-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z}"
-                ),
-            ),
-            # correspondent is not multi-value: comma stays literal inside the value
-            ("correspondent:foo,bar", "correspondent:foo,bar"),
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_golden(self, raw: str, expected: str) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(raw, UTC) == expected
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "raw",
-        [
-            "created:2020",
-            "created:202003",
-            "created:[20200101 TO 20201231]",
-            "created:[2020-01-01 TO 2020-12-31]",
-            "created:[2020 to]",
-            "created:[to 2020]",
-            "title:x,created:[2020 TO 2021]",
-            "created:2020 OR foo",
-            "(created:2020 OR invoice)",
-            "tag:foo,type:bar",
-            "bank statement",
-        ],
-    )
-    def test_parse_acceptance(self, index: tantivy.Index, raw: str) -> None:
-        translated = translate_query(raw, UTC)
-        # Must not raise:
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestFieldAliasing:
-    """Whoosh->Tantivy field-name aliasing (type/path -> document_type/storage_path)."""
-
-    def test_type_alias(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("type:invoice", UTC) == "document_type:invoice"
-
-    def test_path_alias(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("path:/foo/bar", UTC) == "storage_path:/foo/bar"
-
-    def test_type_id_alias(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("type_id:5", UTC) == "document_type_id:5"
-
-    def test_path_id_alias(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("path_id:7", UTC) == "storage_path_id:7"
-
-    def test_clause_separator_plus_alias(self) -> None:
-        # Comma between known fields acts as AND separator; alias still applied.
-        assert (
-            translate_query("tag:foo,type:bar", UTC) == "tag:foo AND document_type:bar"
-        )
-
-    def test_type_range_alias(self) -> None:
-        # type is not a date field; range passes through verbatim with alias applied.
-        assert (
-            translate_query("type:[2020 TO 2021]", UTC)
-            == "document_type:[2020 TO 2021]"
-        )
-
-    def test_parse_acceptance_type(self, index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
-        # Translated output must be accepted by the real Tantivy parser.
-        translated = translate_query("type:invoice", UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-    def test_parse_acceptance_path(self, index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
-        translated = translate_query("path:foo", UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-
-# Freeze time so relative-date tests are deterministic.
-_FROZEN_NOW = datetime(2026, 3, 28, 12, 0, 0, tzinfo=UTC)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestRelativeRanges:
-    """Relative date-range tokens resolved against a frozen clock."""
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_minus_7_days_to_now(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("added:[-7 days to now]", UTC) == (
-            "added:[2026-03-21T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_minus_1_week_to_now(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("added:[-1 week to now]", UTC) == (
-            "added:[2026-03-21T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_minus_1_month_to_now(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("created:[-1 month to now]", UTC) == (
-            "created:[2026-02-28T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_minus_1_year_to_now(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("modified:[-1 year to now]", UTC) == (
-            "modified:[2025-03-28T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_minus_3_hours_to_now(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("added:[-3 hours to now]", UTC) == (
-            "added:[2026-03-28T09:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_uppercase_units(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("added:[-1 WEEK TO NOW]", UTC) == (
-            "added:[2026-03-21T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_now_minus_7d_compact(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("added:[now-7d TO now]", UTC) == (
-            "added:[2026-03-21T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_reversed_range_swapped(self) -> None:
-        # now+1h TO now-1h is reversed; translate_range swaps -> lo=now-1h, hi=now+1h
-        assert translate_query("added:[now+1h TO now-1h]", UTC) == (
-            "added:[2026-03-28T11:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T13:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "raw",
-        [
-            "added:[-7 days to now]",
-            "added:[-1 week to now]",
-            "created:[-1 month to now]",
-            "modified:[-1 year to now]",
-            "added:[-3 hours to now]",
-            "added:[now-7d TO now]",
-            "added:[now+1h TO now-1h]",
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_parse_acceptance(self, index: tantivy.Index, raw: str) -> None:
-        translated = translate_query(raw, UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestWhooshUnitAbbreviations:
-    """
-    Whoosh's PlusMinus date grammar accepted abbreviated unit spellings
-    (e.g. "yrs", "mos", "wks", "hrs", "mins", "secs"); saved views/searches
-    created under the old Whoosh backend can contain those tokens (see
-    https://github.com/paperless-ngx/paperless-ngx/issues/13482), so the
-    Tantivy translator must still accept them.
-    """
-
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_minus_999_yrs(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("created:[-999yrs to now]", UTC) == (
-            "created:[1027-03-28T12:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("token", "expected_lo"),
-        [
-            ("-1y", "2025-03-28T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-1yr", "2025-03-28T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-3mos", "2025-12-28T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-3mo", "2025-12-28T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-2wks", "2026-03-14T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-2wk", "2026-03-14T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-5dys", "2026-03-23T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-5dy", "2026-03-23T12:00:00Z"),
-            ("-1hrs", "2026-03-28T11:00:00Z"),
-            ("-1hr", "2026-03-28T11:00:00Z"),
-            ("-10mins", "2026-03-28T11:50:00Z"),
-            ("-10min", "2026-03-28T11:50:00Z"),
-            ("-30secs", "2026-03-28T11:59:30Z"),
-            ("-30sec", "2026-03-28T11:59:30Z"),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_abbreviated_units(self, token: str, expected_lo: str) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(f"added:[{token} to now]", UTC) == (
-            f"added:[{expected_lo} TO 2026-03-28T12:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "raw",
-        [
-            "created:[-999yrs to now]",
-            "added:[-1y to now]",
-            "created:[-3mos to now]",
-            "added:[-2wks to now]",
-            "added:[-5dys to now]",
-            "added:[-1hrs to now]",
-            "added:[-10mins to now]",
-            "added:[-30secs to now]",
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_parse_acceptance(self, index: tantivy.Index, raw: str) -> None:
-        translated = translate_query(raw, UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestOperatorNormalization:
-    """Post-render operator normalization in translate_query."""
-
-    def test_spaced_dash_removed(self) -> None:
-        assert (
-            translate_query("H52.1 - Kurzsichtigkeit", UTC) == "H52.1 Kurzsichtigkeit"
-        )
-
-    def test_spaced_dash_simple(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("bar - baz", UTC) == "bar baz"
-
-    def test_trailing_operator_stripped(self) -> None:
-        assert translate_query("foo -", UTC) == "foo"
-
-    def test_date_range_preserved(self) -> None:
-        out = translate_query("created:[2020 TO 2021]", UTC)
-        # Must not corrupt the ISO range
-        assert out == "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z}"
-
-    def test_date_scalar_with_or(self) -> None:
-        out = translate_query("created:2020 OR foo", UTC)
-        # The created scalar becomes a range; " OR foo" passes through verbatim.
-        assert out.startswith("created:[")
-        assert "OR foo" in out
-
-    def test_parse_acceptance_spaced_dash(self, index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
-        translated = translate_query("H52.1 - Kurzsichtigkeit", UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-    def test_parse_acceptance_trailing_op(self, index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
-        translated = translate_query("foo -", UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestMultiWordDateKeywords:
-    """scan() must consume multi-word date keywords as a single value."""
-
-    def test_scan_previous_week_as_single_token(self) -> None:
-        # "created:previous week" must produce one FieldValue with value "previous week",
-        # not FieldValue("created","previous") + Passthrough(" week").
-        toks = scan("created:previous week")
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("created", "previous week")]
-
-    def test_scan_this_month_as_single_token(self) -> None:
-        toks = scan("added:this month")
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("added", "this month")]
-
-    def test_scan_previous_month_as_single_token(self) -> None:
-        toks = scan("created:previous month")
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("created", "previous month")]
-
-    def test_scan_this_year_as_single_token(self) -> None:
-        toks = scan("added:this year")
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("added", "this year")]
-
-    def test_scan_previous_year_as_single_token(self) -> None:
-        toks = scan("created:previous year")
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("created", "previous year")]
-
-    def test_scan_previous_quarter_as_single_token(self) -> None:
-        toks = scan("created:previous quarter")
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("created", "previous quarter")]
-
-    def test_quoted_multi_word_keyword_still_works(self) -> None:
-        # The quoted form must continue to work as before.
-        toks = scan('created:"previous week"')
-        assert toks == [FieldValue("created", '"previous week"')]
-
-    def test_non_date_field_not_affected(self) -> None:
-        # "previous" stops at the space for non-date fields; " week" passes through.
-        toks = scan("correspondent:previous week")
-        assert toks == [
-            FieldValue("correspondent", "previous"),
-            Passthrough(" week"),
-        ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestKeywordDateResolution:
-    """Relative date keywords resolve to exact ISO ranges against a frozen clock.
-
-    Frozen at 2026-03-28 12:00 UTC (a Saturday in Q1) so the week, month,
-    quarter and year rollovers are all exercised by a single anchor.
-    """
-
-    # created is a DateField: bounds are UTC midnight, no timezone offset.
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("keyword", "expected"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "today",
-                "created:[2026-03-28T00:00:00Z TO 2026-03-29T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="today",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "yesterday",
-                "created:[2026-03-27T00:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="yesterday",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous week",
-                "created:[2026-03-16T00:00:00Z TO 2026-03-23T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-week",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "this month",
-                "created:[2026-03-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="this-month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous month",
-                "created:[2026-02-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-03-01T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "this year",
-                "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2027-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="this-year",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous year",
-                "created:[2025-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-year",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous quarter",
-                "created:[2025-10-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-quarter",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_date_only_field_keyword_ranges(
-        self,
-        keyword: str,
-        expected: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(f"created:{keyword}", UTC) == expected
-
-    # added is a DateTimeField: local-tz midnight converted to UTC. Tokyo
-    # (+09:00, no DST) shifts each midnight boundary back to 15:00Z the day
-    # before, so this also exercises the local-midnight offset path.
-    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        ("keyword", "expected"),
-        [
-            pytest.param(
-                "today",
-                "added:[2026-03-27T15:00:00Z TO 2026-03-28T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="today",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "yesterday",
-                "added:[2026-03-26T15:00:00Z TO 2026-03-27T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="yesterday",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous week",
-                "added:[2026-03-15T15:00:00Z TO 2026-03-22T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-week",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "this month",
-                "added:[2026-02-28T15:00:00Z TO 2026-03-31T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="this-month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous month",
-                "added:[2026-01-31T15:00:00Z TO 2026-02-28T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-month",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "this year",
-                "added:[2025-12-31T15:00:00Z TO 2026-12-31T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="this-year",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous year",
-                "added:[2024-12-31T15:00:00Z TO 2025-12-31T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-year",
-            ),
-            pytest.param(
-                "previous quarter",
-                "added:[2025-09-30T15:00:00Z TO 2025-12-31T15:00:00Z}",
-                id="previous-quarter",
-            ),
-        ],
-    )
-    @time_machine.travel(_FROZEN_NOW, tick=False)
-    def test_datetime_field_keyword_ranges_local_tz(
-        self,
-        keyword: str,
-        expected: str,
-    ) -> None:
-        assert translate_query(f"added:{keyword}", ZoneInfo("Asia/Tokyo")) == expected
-
-
-@pytest.mark.search
-class TestISODatetimeBounds:
-    """Full ISO datetime tokens in range bounds must be parsed directly."""
-
-    def test_translate_range_iso_bounds_passthrough(self) -> None:
-        # Already-ISO datetime bounds must pass through as-is (exact instant).
-        result = translate_range(
-            "created",
-            "2020-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-            "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-            UTC,
-        )
-        assert result == "created:[2020-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z]"
-
-    def test_translate_query_iso_range_preserved(self) -> None:
-        q = "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        assert translate_query(q, UTC) == q
-
-    def test_translate_query_comma_separated_iso_ranges(self) -> None:
-        q = (
-            "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z],"
-            "added:[2026-05-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        )
-        result = translate_query(q, UTC)
-        assert result == (
-            "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-            " AND "
-            "added:[2026-05-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        )
-
-    def test_translate_query_text_before_comma_separated_date_clause(self) -> None:
-        result = translate_query("schäfersee,created:previous year", UTC)
-        assert result == (
-            "schäfersee AND created:[2025-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z}"
-        )
-
-    def test_invalid_iso_datetime_raises(self) -> None:
-        # A token with "T" that is not valid ISO datetime -> raise.
-        with pytest.raises(InvalidDateQuery) as exc_info:
-            translate_range(
-                "created",
-                "2020-01-01T99:00:00Z",
-                "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-                UTC,
-            )
-        assert exc_info.value.field == "created"
-        assert exc_info.value.value == "2020-01-01T99:00:00Z"
-
-    def test_parse_acceptance_iso_bounds(self, index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
-        q = "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        translated = translate_query(q, UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)
-
-    def test_parse_acceptance_comma_iso_ranges(self, index: tantivy.Index) -> None:
-        q = (
-            "created:[2026-01-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z],"
-            "added:[2026-05-01T00:00:00Z TO 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z]"
-        )
-        translated = translate_query(q, UTC)
-        index.parse_query(translated, DEFAULT_SEARCH_FIELDS, field_boosts=_FIELD_BOOSTS)

src/documents/tests/test_api_bulk_download.py

@@ -339,3 +339,21 @@ class TestBulkDownload(DirectoriesMixin, SampleDirMixin, APITestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN)
         self.assertEqual(response.content, b"Insufficient permissions")
+
+    def test_bad_search_query_returns_400(self) -> None:
+        response = self.client.post(
+            self.ENDPOINT,
+            json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "all": True,
+                    "filters": {"query": "added:notadate"},
+                    "content": "originals",
+                },
+            ),
+            content_type="application/json",
+        )
+
+        # A user-fixable query error must surface as a 400 naming the bad
+        # value, exactly like the search list endpoint, never a 500.
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
+        self.assertIn(b"notadate", response.content)

src/documents/tests/test_api_bulk_edit.py

@@ -1976,3 +1976,22 @@ class TestBulkEditAPI(DirectoriesMixin, APITestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
         self.assertEqual(LogEntry.objects.filter(object_pk=self.doc1.id).count(), 2)
+
+    def test_api_bulk_edit_with_bad_search_query_returns_400(self) -> None:
+        response = self.client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_edit/",
+            json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "all": True,
+                    "filters": {"query": "added:notadate"},
+                    "method": "set_storage_path",
+                    "parameters": {"storage_path": self.sp1.id},
+                },
+            ),
+            content_type="application/json",
+        )
+
+        # A user-fixable query error must surface as a 400 naming the bad
+        # value, exactly like the search list endpoint, never a 500.
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
+        self.assertIn(b"notadate", response.content)

src/documents/tests/test_api_search.py

@@ -756,6 +756,10 @@ class TestDocumentSearchApi(DirectoriesMixin, APITestCase):
             tick=False,
         ):
             response = self.client.get("/api/documents/?query=added:previous month")
+        assert response.status_code == 200, (
+            f"expected a successful search response, got {response.status_code}: "
+            f"{response.data!r}"
+        )
         results = response.data["results"]
 
         self.assertEqual(len(results), 1)
@@ -788,6 +792,26 @@ class TestDocumentSearchApi(DirectoriesMixin, APITestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
         self.assertIn("invalid-date", str(response.data["query"]))
 
+    def test_search_multiple_bad_fields_returns_all_messages(self) -> None:
+        """
+        GIVEN:
+            - One document added
+        WHEN:
+            - Query with multiple bad fields (e.g. invalid date and invalid number)
+        THEN:
+            - 400 Bad Request with error messages for every bad field,
+              so the user can fix them all in one round-trip
+        """
+        response = self.client.get(
+            "/api/documents/",
+            {"query": "created:notadate AND asn:notanumber"},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
+        messages = response.data["query"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(messages), 2)
+        self.assertTrue(any("created" in m for m in messages))
+        self.assertTrue(any("asn" in m for m in messages))
+
     @override_settings(
         TIME_ZONE="UTC",
     )
@@ -831,6 +855,29 @@ class TestDocumentSearchApi(DirectoriesMixin, APITestCase):
         results = response.data["results"]
         self.assertEqual({r["id"] for r in results}, {1, 2})
 
+    @mock.patch("documents.search._backend.parse_user_query")
+    def test_search_parser_bug_surfaces_as_500_not_400(self, m) -> None:
+        """
+        GIVEN:
+            - The query parser itself fails (a whoosh-compat bug, per
+              QueryParserError's own contract: not user-fixable input)
+        WHEN:
+            - Any search request runs
+        THEN:
+            - The error surfaces as a 500 monitoring can see, never a 400
+              blaming the user for a library defect
+        """
+        from whoosh_compat.errors import QueryParserError
+
+        m.side_effect = QueryParserError("synthetic parser bug")
+
+        self.client.raise_request_exception = False
+        response = self.client.get("/api/documents/?query=anything")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            response.status_code,
+            status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+        )
+
     @mock.patch("documents.search._backend.TantivyBackend.autocomplete")
     def test_search_autocomplete_limits(self, m) -> None:
         """
@@ -2005,3 +2052,45 @@ class TestDocumentSearchApi(DirectoriesMixin, APITestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
         response = self.client.get("/api/search/?query=no")
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
+
+    def _assert_query_finds(self, doc: Document, query: str) -> None:
+        get_backend().add_or_update(doc)
+        response = self.client.get("/api/documents/", {"query": query})
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_200_OK)
+        ids = [r["id"] for r in response.data["results"]]
+        self.assertIn(doc.id, ids)
+
+    def test_search_by_asn(self) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Has ASN",
+            content="content",
+            checksum="asn-checksum",
+            archive_serial_number=555,
+        )
+        self._assert_query_finds(doc, "asn:555")
+
+    def test_search_by_page_count(self) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Multi-page",
+            content="content",
+            checksum="page-count-checksum",
+            page_count=42,
+        )
+        self._assert_query_finds(doc, "page_count:42")
+
+    def test_search_by_original_filename(self) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Named file",
+            content="content",
+            checksum="filename-checksum",
+            original_filename="quarterly-report.pdf",
+        )
+        self._assert_query_finds(doc, "original_filename:quarterly-report.pdf")
+
+    def test_search_by_checksum(self) -> None:
+        doc = Document.objects.create(
+            title="Checksum doc",
+            content="content",
+            checksum="deadbeef1234",
+        )
+        self._assert_query_finds(doc, "checksum:deadbeef1234")

src/documents/tests/test_api_search_errors.py

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+"""The search list endpoint's exception handling: what becomes a 400 and
+what a library defect surfaces as instead.
+
+Companion to documents/tests/search/test_error_routing.py, which pins the
+Cause -> SearchQueryError/QueryError routing inside documents/search/_query.py.
+These tests pin the layer above it: DocumentViewSet.list's own except clauses,
+which decide what an already-routed error becomes on the wire.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+from rest_framework import status
+from whoosh_compat.errors import Cause
+from whoosh_compat.errors import Diagnostic
+from whoosh_compat.errors import DiagnosticKind
+from whoosh_compat.errors import QueryError
+
+from documents.search import SearchQueryError
+from documents.tests.factories import DocumentFactory
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from rest_framework.test import APIClient
+
+    from documents.models import Document
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.django_db, pytest.mark.usefixtures("_search_index")]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def indexed_document() -> Document:
+    from documents.search import get_backend
+
+    doc = DocumentFactory.create(title="quarterly invoice", content="acme corp")
+    get_backend().add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestSearchQueryErrorStillBecomesA400:
+    def test_search_query_error_becomes_a_400_naming_the_field(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_search_query_error(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise SearchQueryError("bad value for field 'added'")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod,
+            "parse_user_query",
+            raise_search_query_error,
+        )
+
+        response = admin_client.get("/api/documents/?query=anything")
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        assert "added" in str(response.data["query"])
+
+
+class TestLibraryDefectsPropagate:
+    """The exact regression this task exists to fix: an unexpected or
+    INTERNAL-cause library error must not be relabeled a 400."""
+
+    def test_unexpected_exception_is_not_converted_to_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_zero_division(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise ZeroDivisionError("synthetic bug, unrelated to search grammar")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod,
+            "parse_user_query",
+            raise_zero_division,
+        )
+
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            admin_client.get("/api/documents/?query=anything")
+
+    def test_internal_cause_query_error_is_not_converted_to_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Forces the one library-internal failure mode reachable from a real
+        query: emit() reporting a defect in itself (Cause.INTERNAL) after a
+        real query string went through the real parse and routing pipeline.
+
+        ``tantivy_emit`` (the whoosh-compat emitter) is monkeypatched rather
+        than ``parse_user_query`` itself, so everything upstream of it --
+        the pre-parse rewrites, ``wc.parse()``, and ``_map_emit_error``'s own
+        Cause routing in documents/search/_query.py -- runs for real; only
+        the final emit call is forced to report the defect.
+        """
+        import documents.search._query as query_mod
+
+        def raise_internal(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise QueryError(
+                Diagnostic(
+                    kind=DiagnosticKind.BACKEND_REJECTED,
+                    cause=Cause.INTERNAL,
+                    message="synthetic whoosh-compat emitter defect",
+                ),
+            )
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(query_mod, "tantivy_emit", raise_internal)
+
+        with pytest.raises(QueryError):
+            admin_client.get("/api/documents/?query=invoice")
+
+
+class TestSelectionPathsAgreeWithSearch:
+    """DocumentSelectionMixin backs bulk edit, bulk download, and a
+    more_like_id selection filter. It catches only SearchQueryError -- the
+    same contract the search list endpoint enforces above -- so all three
+    must map SearchQueryError to a 400 and let anything else surface."""
+
+    def test_bulk_edit_maps_search_query_error_to_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_search_query_error(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise SearchQueryError("bad value for field 'added'")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod,
+            "parse_user_query",
+            raise_search_query_error,
+        )
+
+        response = admin_client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_edit/",
+            {
+                "documents": [],
+                "all": True,
+                "filters": {"query": "anything"},
+                "method": "set_document_type",
+                "parameters": {"document_type": None},
+            },
+            format="json",
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        assert "added" in str(response.data["query"])
+
+    def test_bulk_edit_lets_an_unexpected_exception_surface(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_zero_division(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise ZeroDivisionError("synthetic bug, unrelated to search grammar")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod,
+            "parse_user_query",
+            raise_zero_division,
+        )
+
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            admin_client.post(
+                "/api/documents/bulk_edit/",
+                {
+                    "documents": [],
+                    "all": True,
+                    "filters": {"query": "anything"},
+                    "method": "set_document_type",
+                    "parameters": {"document_type": None},
+                },
+                format="json",
+            )
+
+    def test_bulk_download_maps_search_query_error_to_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_search_query_error(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise SearchQueryError("bad value for field 'added'")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod,
+            "parse_user_query",
+            raise_search_query_error,
+        )
+
+        response = admin_client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_download/",
+            {
+                "documents": [],
+                "all": True,
+                "filters": {"query": "anything"},
+            },
+            format="json",
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        assert "added" in str(response.data["query"])
+
+    def test_more_like_id_selection_filter_maps_search_query_error_to_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_search_query_error(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise SearchQueryError("similar-document lookup is unavailable")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod.TantivyBackend,
+            "more_like_this_ids",
+            raise_search_query_error,
+        )
+
+        response = admin_client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_download/",
+            {
+                "documents": [],
+                "all": True,
+                "filters": {"more_like_id": indexed_document.pk},
+            },
+            format="json",
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+
+    def test_more_like_id_selection_filter_lets_an_unexpected_exception_surface(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        import documents.search._backend as backend_mod
+
+        def raise_zero_division(*args: object, **kwargs: object) -> object:
+            raise ZeroDivisionError("synthetic bug, unrelated to similarity lookup")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr(
+            backend_mod.TantivyBackend,
+            "more_like_this_ids",
+            raise_zero_division,
+        )
+
+        with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):
+            admin_client.post(
+                "/api/documents/bulk_download/",
+                {
+                    "documents": [],
+                    "all": True,
+                    "filters": {"more_like_id": indexed_document.pk},
+                },
+                format="json",
+            )

src/documents/tests/test_api_search_query_length.py

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+"""The query-length cap in ``_get_tantivy_query_and_mode`` (F3).
+
+whoosh-compat's fieldname tagger is O(n^2) in plain word characters, so an
+unbounded ``query`` (SearchMode.QUERY) string is a CPU-exhaustion vector
+against a single request handler. The GET search endpoint is incidentally
+bounded by the web server's header limit, but the POST selection-filter
+path (bulk edit, bulk download) is not -- that is the real vector, so it
+must be pinned here too, not just the GET path.
+
+The cap is enforced once, in the shared helper both entry points call, so
+these tests exercise the real endpoints rather than the helper directly:
+a construct that looks right in isolation has repeatedly behaved
+differently end to end on this branch.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from unittest import mock
+
+import pytest
+from rest_framework import status
+
+from documents.tests.factories import DocumentFactory
+from documents.views import _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from rest_framework.test import APIClient
+
+    from documents.models import Document
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.django_db, pytest.mark.usefixtures("_search_index")]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def indexed_document() -> Document:
+    from documents.search import get_backend
+
+    doc = DocumentFactory.create(title="quarterly invoice", content="acme corp")
+    get_backend().add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestGetSearchEndpointEnforcesTheCap:
+    def test_query_one_over_the_cap_is_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        query = "a" * (_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1)
+
+        response = admin_client.get("/api/documents/", {"query": query})
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        message = str(response.data["query"])
+        assert str(_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH) in message
+        assert str(_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1) in message
+
+    def test_query_at_exactly_the_cap_is_accepted(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        query = "a" * _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH
+
+        response = admin_client.get("/api/documents/", {"query": query})
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK
+
+    def test_an_ordinary_query_is_unaffected(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        response = admin_client.get("/api/documents/", {"query": "invoice"})
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK
+        assert response.data["count"] == 1
+
+
+class TestPostSelectionPathsEnforceTheCap:
+    """The bulk-edit and bulk-download selection filters share the same
+    helper the GET search path uses. This is the path that actually
+    matters: it is not bounded by a web server's header-length limit the
+    way the GET path incidentally is."""
+
+    def test_bulk_edit_query_one_over_the_cap_is_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        query = "a" * (_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1)
+
+        response = admin_client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_edit/",
+            {
+                "documents": [],
+                "all": True,
+                "filters": {"query": query},
+                "method": "set_document_type",
+                "parameters": {"document_type": None},
+            },
+            format="json",
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        message = str(response.data["query"])
+        assert str(_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH) in message
+        assert str(_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1) in message
+
+    @mock.patch("documents.bulk_edit.bulk_update_documents.apply_async")
+    def test_bulk_edit_query_at_exactly_the_cap_is_accepted(
+        self,
+        bulk_update_task_mock: mock.MagicMock,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        # The cap check must accept this query and let the request reach the
+        # real bulk-edit method; nothing here is testing that method itself,
+        # so the Celery dispatch it makes is mocked out, same as every other
+        # bulk-edit test (test_api_bulk_edit.py) does.
+        query = "a" * _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH
+
+        response = admin_client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_edit/",
+            {
+                "documents": [],
+                "all": True,
+                "filters": {"query": query},
+                "method": "set_document_type",
+                "parameters": {"document_type": None},
+            },
+            format="json",
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK
+
+    def test_bulk_download_query_one_over_the_cap_is_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        query = "a" * (_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1)
+
+        response = admin_client.post(
+            "/api/documents/bulk_download/",
+            {
+                "documents": [],
+                "all": True,
+                "filters": {"query": query},
+            },
+            format="json",
+        )
+
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        message = str(response.data["query"])
+        assert str(_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH) in message
+        assert str(_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1) in message
+
+
+class TestGlobalSearchEnforcesTheCapToo:
+    """GlobalSearchView calls the backend directly, not through the shared helper.
+
+    It hardcodes SearchMode.TEXT, which is linear rather than quadratic, so it
+    was never the CPU-exhaustion vector. It is capped anyway so that "every
+    user query string reaching the backend passes a length check" is an
+    invariant rather than a claim with an exception: the view already bounds
+    the query from below, and a later change letting it select a mode would
+    otherwise reopen the hole silently.
+    """
+
+    def test_query_one_over_the_cap_is_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        response = admin_client.get(
+            "/api/search/",
+            {"query": "a" * (_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH + 1)},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+
+    def test_query_at_exactly_the_cap_is_accepted(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        response = admin_client.get(
+            "/api/search/",
+            {"query": "a" * _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH},
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK

src/documents/tests/test_api_search_unterminated_date_range.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""An unterminated ``[`` date range bracket at the API level.
+
+``created:[2020`` (with or without a dangling ``to <value>``) now raises
+BAD_DATE and the search endpoint returns HTTP 400, where it used to parse
+past the missing ``]`` and silently pass the malformed range through.
+A 400 is correct: malformed input should fail loudly rather than silently
+matching an unintended query. Pinned at the API level -- the layer a user
+or client actually sees -- rather than only against the parser directly.
+
+The properly closed decoy proves the bracket is what matters, not
+whoosh-compat's date grammar generally: ``created:[2020 to 2021]`` parses
+and searches cleanly.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import pytest
+from rest_framework import status
+
+from documents.tests.factories import DocumentFactory
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from rest_framework.test import APIClient
+
+    from documents.models import Document
+
+pytestmark = [pytest.mark.django_db, pytest.mark.usefixtures("_search_index")]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def indexed_document() -> Document:
+    from documents.search import get_backend
+
+    doc = DocumentFactory.create(title="quarterly invoice", content="acme corp")
+    get_backend().add_or_update(doc)
+    return doc
+
+
+class TestUnterminatedBracketReturnsA400:
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "query",
+        [
+            pytest.param("created:[2020", id="missing_upper_bound_and_bracket"),
+            pytest.param("created:[2020 to 2021", id="missing_closing_bracket"),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_unterminated_bracket_is_a_400(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+        query: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        response = admin_client.get(f"/api/documents/?query={query}")
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
+        assert "created" in str(response.data["query"])
+
+    def test_properly_closed_bracket_still_searches_cleanly(
+        self,
+        admin_client: APIClient,
+        indexed_document: Document,
+    ) -> None:
+        response = admin_client.get(
+            "/api/documents/?query=created:[2020 to 2021]",
+        )
+        assert response.status_code == status.HTTP_200_OK

src/documents/views.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ from time import mktime
 from time import sleep
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Any
+from typing import Final
 from typing import Literal
 from typing import NamedTuple
 from unicodedata import normalize
@@ -279,18 +280,41 @@ logger = logging.getLogger("paperless.api")
 _TANTIVY_INTERSECT_THRESHOLD = 5_000
 _TANTIVY_SEARCH_PARAM_NAMES = ("text", "title_search", "query", "more_like_id")
 
+# whoosh-compat's fieldname tagger (used only for SearchMode.QUERY, via the
+# whoosh grammar in parse_user_query) is O(n^2) in plain word characters:
+# measured at ~0.96s/10k chars, ~3.67s/20k, ~14.4s/40k against the real field
+# registry. Django's DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE default (2.5 MB) does not
+# bound this on the POST-body selection-filter path, so an unbounded query
+# is a single-request CPU exhaustion vector. 4096 chars caps the worst case
+# at roughly 0.16s (quadratic extrapolation from the measurements above),
+# far beyond any plausible hand-typed advanced query, while still being fast
+# enough to absorb inside a request handler. Applied to all three modes at
+# this shared choke point: TEXT and TITLE route through simple_search_tokens
+# instead and measure linear even at 20k chars, so the cap is hygiene for
+# them, not a fix, but a single limit here is simpler than one exemption.
+# Not exposed as a PAPERLESS_* setting: this is a hard security boundary,
+# not a tunable, and a raisable ceiling would let a misconfiguration
+# reintroduce the exact hazard this exists to close.
+_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH: Final[int] = 4096
+
 
 def _get_tantivy_query_and_mode(params):
+    from documents.search import QueryTooLongError
     from documents.search import SearchMode
 
     if "text" in params:
-        return str(params["text"]), SearchMode.TEXT
+        raw, mode = str(params["text"]), SearchMode.TEXT
-    if "title_search" in params:
+    elif "title_search" in params:
-        return str(params["title_search"]), SearchMode.TITLE
+        raw, mode = str(params["title_search"]), SearchMode.TITLE
-    if "query" in params:
+    elif "query" in params:
-        return str(params["query"]), SearchMode.QUERY
+        raw, mode = str(params["query"]), SearchMode.QUERY
+    else:
         return None  # pragma: no cover
 
+    if len(raw) > _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH:
+        raise QueryTooLongError(len(raw), _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH)
+    return raw, mode
+
 
 def _get_more_like_id(query_params: dict[str, Any], user: User | None) -> int:
     try:
@@ -2421,6 +2445,7 @@ class UnifiedSearchViewSet(DocumentViewSet):
         from documents.search import TantivyBackend
         from documents.search import TantivyRelevanceList
         from documents.search import get_backend
+        from documents.search import search_query_error_messages
 
         def parse_search_params() -> SearchParams:
             """Extract query string, search mode, and ordering from request."""
@@ -2611,15 +2636,10 @@ class UnifiedSearchViewSet(DocumentViewSet):
         except ValidationError:
             raise
         except SearchQueryError as e:
-            # User-fixable query error (e.g. an unparsable date): surface the
+            # User-fixable query error(s) (e.g. unparsable dates/numbers):
-            # specific message so the user can correct it, rather than a generic
+            # surface every offending field's message, not just the first,
-            # 400 or silently empty results.
+            # so the user can fix them all in one round-trip.
-            raise ValidationError({"query": [str(e)]}) from e
+            raise ValidationError({"query": search_query_error_messages(e)}) from e
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.warning(f"An error occurred listing search results: {e!s}")
-            return HttpResponseBadRequest(
-                "Error listing search results, check logs for more detail.",
-            )
 
     @action(detail=False, methods=["GET"], name="Get Next ASN")
     def next_asn(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -2755,16 +2775,22 @@ class DocumentSelectionMixin:
                 },
             )
 
+        from documents.search import SearchQueryError
         from documents.search import get_backend
+        from documents.search import search_query_error_messages
 
         filter_name = search_filters[0]
         backend = get_backend()
         search_user = None if user.is_superuser else user
 
+        try:
             if filter_name == "more_like_id":
                 more_like_doc_id = _get_more_like_id(filters, user)
 
-            search_ids = backend.more_like_this_ids(more_like_doc_id, user=search_user)
+                search_ids = backend.more_like_this_ids(
+                    more_like_doc_id,
+                    user=search_user,
+                )
             else:
                 query_str, search_mode = _get_tantivy_query_and_mode(filters)
                 search_ids = backend.search_ids(
@@ -2772,6 +2798,11 @@ class DocumentSelectionMixin:
                     user=search_user,
                     search_mode=search_mode,
                 )
+        except SearchQueryError as e:
+            # Same user-fixable-query mapping as the search list endpoint:
+            # a bad date/number in a bulk selection filter is a 400 naming
+            # the value, never a 500.
+            raise ValidationError({"query": search_query_error_messages(e)}) from e
 
         return search_ids
 
@@ -3608,6 +3639,10 @@ class GlobalSearchView(PassUserMixin):
             return HttpResponseBadRequest("Query required")
         if len(query) < 3:
             return HttpResponseBadRequest("Query must be at least 3 characters")
+        if len(query) > _MAX_QUERY_LENGTH:
+            return HttpResponseBadRequest(
+                f"Query must be at most {_MAX_QUERY_LENGTH} characters",
+            )
 
         db_only = request.query_params.get("db_only", False)
 

uv.lock

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ requires-python = ">=3.11"
 resolution-markers = [
     "python_full_version >= '3.15' and sys_platform == 'darwin'",
     "python_full_version >= '3.15' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
+    "python_full_version == '3.14.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
+    "python_full_version == '3.14.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
     "python_full_version >= '3.12' and python_full_version < '3.15' and sys_platform == 'darwin'",
     "python_full_version == '3.12.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
     "python_full_version == '3.12.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
-    "python_full_version == '3.14.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
-    "python_full_version == '3.14.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
     "(python_full_version >= '3.12' and python_full_version < '3.15' and platform_machine != 'aarch64' and platform_machine != 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux') or (python_full_version == '3.13.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux') or (python_full_version == '3.13.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux')",
     "python_full_version < '3.12' and sys_platform == 'darwin'",
     "python_full_version < '3.12' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
@@ -2933,6 +2933,7 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "torch", version = "2.13.0+cpu", source = { registry = "https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu" }, marker = "sys_platform == 'linux'" },
     { name = "watchfiles" },
     { name = "whitenoise" },
+    { name = "whoosh-compat", extra = ["tantivy"] },
     { name = "zxing-cpp" },
 ]
 
@@ -3091,6 +3092,7 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "torch", specifier = "~=2.13.0", index = "https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu" },
     { name = "watchfiles", specifier = ">=1.2" },
     { name = "whitenoise", specifier = "~=6.11" },
+    { name = "whoosh-compat", extras = ["tantivy"], specifier = "==0.1.0" },
     { name = "zxing-cpp", specifier = "~=3.1.0" },
 ]
 provides-extras = ["mariadb", "postgres", "webserver"]
@@ -5014,10 +5016,10 @@ version = "2.13.0+cpu"
 source = { registry = "https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu" }
 resolution-markers = [
     "python_full_version >= '3.15' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
-    "python_full_version == '3.12.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
-    "python_full_version == '3.12.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
     "python_full_version == '3.14.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
     "python_full_version == '3.14.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
+    "python_full_version == '3.12.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
+    "python_full_version == '3.12.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
     "(python_full_version >= '3.12' and python_full_version < '3.15' and platform_machine != 'aarch64' and platform_machine != 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux') or (python_full_version == '3.13.*' and platform_machine == 'aarch64' and sys_platform == 'linux') or (python_full_version == '3.13.*' and platform_machine == 'x86_64' and sys_platform == 'linux')",
     "python_full_version < '3.12' and sys_platform == 'linux'",
 ]
@@ -5652,6 +5654,23 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/db/eb/d5583a11486211f3ebd4b385545ae787f32363d453c19fffd81106c9c138/whitenoise-6.12.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:fc5e8c572e33ebf24795b47b6a7da8da3c00cff2349f5b04c02f28d0cc5a3cc2", size = 20302, upload-time = "2026-02-27T00:05:40.086Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "whoosh-compat"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "python-dateutil" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5d/f7/3e45f4a484afa174cd42e424ce2b8c514ae54f564830122656ad17b765e2/whoosh_compat-0.1.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:86935bdc159ed9b0a06a4661d17f1251d8280340b84e218cc73d915a2edaddf7", size = 577543, upload-time = "2026-08-25T15:22:42.316Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3f/51/9a8399d0f472814e136a2884bf910c6c59843a5a2c66afc4b5133eb531ea/whoosh_compat-0.1.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:3e7c5f519b4d397dbf4f8d7bbe4ca1eb6004da24c8892bc701844ed393bc97e7", size = 153875, upload-time = "2026-08-25T15:22:40.787Z" },
+]
+
+[package.optional-dependencies]
+tantivy = [
+    { name = "tantivy" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wrapt"
 version = "2.0.1"