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Niels Lohmann 041a561e56 Add element access, iteration, values, and JSON pointers to json_view

Give basic_json_view the read-only access functions of basic_json:
operator[] and at() with keys and indices, front()/back(), find(),
contains(), count(), begin()/end() and cbegin()/cend(), items()
with structured bindings from C++17 on, and type_name().

Exceptions have the ids and messages of the const functions of
basic_json. Where basic_json has undefined behavior the view
answers safely: operator[] with a missing key or an out-of-range
index returns a discarded view, and front()/back() of an empty
container throw invalid_iterator.214. Objects are iterated in
document order, and all members are visited; duplicate-key lookups
find the first member (as yyjson and simdjson do), while parse(),
materialize(), and the map conversions keep the last value, as
parse() does. Keys of up to 16 bytes are compared with two
overlapping loads.

Add value conversions: get<T>()/get_to() for arithmetic types,
bool, nullptr_t, strings (std::basic_string copied,
string_view_t without a copy), BasicJsonType, views, std::vector,
and maps with string keys; get_string() for the string without a
copy; number_token() for the number exactly as written in the
source; value() with keys and JSON pointers; and operator[]/at()/
contains() with JSON pointers. Everything else, including types
with from_json(), goes through materialize() of that subtree.
get<T>() of arithmetic types is inlined down to the conversion, so
reading an integer needs no call.

detail::json_pointer_access exposes a pointer's reference tokens
to code outside basic_json.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

2026-10-11 10:27:58 +02:00

3.3 KiB

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nlohmann::basic_json_view::contains

// (1)
bool contains(string_view_t key) const;
bool contains(const char* key) const;
bool contains(const string_t& key) const;

// (2)
bool contains(const json_pointer& ptr) const;

Checks whether the value is an object with a member with key key.
Checks whether a JSON pointer ptr can be resolved, starting at this value.

Parameters

key (in): key value to check its existence
ptr (in): JSON pointer to check its existence

Return value

#!cpp true if the value is an object and has a member with key key, #!cpp false otherwise
#!cpp true if ptr can be resolved to a value starting at this view, #!cpp false otherwise

Exception safety

No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.

Complexity

Linear in the number of members: as for ordered_json, members are compared one after another, in document order, stopping at the first match. Each comparison first checks the key's length -- already known from the index, without reading the key bytes -- before comparing its content.
Linear in the number of reference tokens of ptr and, for each token, in the number of members of the object at that level or the index into the array -- as for operator[] and at with a JSON pointer.

Notes

Overload 1 always returns #!cpp false when the value is not an object -- including a discarded view.

!!! info "Postconditions"

If `#!cpp v.contains(key)` returns `#!cpp true`, then `#!cpp v[key]` is not [discarded](is_discarded.md). If
`#!cpp v.contains(ptr)` returns `#!cpp true`, then `#!cpp v[ptr]` is not discarded and `#!cpp v.at(ptr)` does not
throw.

!!! info "Overload 2 never throws"

Unlike [`BasicJsonType::contains(const json_pointer&)`](../basic_json/contains.md), which can throw for certain
malformed pointers (for instance an empty array-index reference token), overload 2 never throws: a missing key,
an out-of-range or malformed array index, a `#!cpp "-"` index, or a reference token used on a primitive all
simply make it return `#!cpp false`.

Examples

??? example "Example: (1) check with key"

The example below counts how many of a batch of records carry an optional `retry_of` field, using `contains()`
to check without ever materializing a single record of the batch.

```cpp
--8<-- "examples/basic_json_view__contains.cpp"
```

Output:

```json
--8<-- "examples/basic_json_view__contains.output"
```

??? example "Example: (2) check with JSON pointer"

The example below checks an optional, nested field with a JSON pointer, and shows two pointers that
`#!cpp contains()` resolves to `#!cpp false` without throwing.

```cpp
--8<-- "examples/basic_json_view__contains_json_pointer.cpp"
```

Output:

```json
--8<-- "examples/basic_json_view__contains_json_pointer.output"
```

Version history

Added in version 3.13.0.

3.3 KiB Raw Blame History