Fix to_bjdata() emitting the Draft-3-only 'B' marker in default Draft-2 mode

_ArrayType_ = "byte" mapped unconditionally to the BJData type marker
'B', regardless of the requested bjdata_version. 'B' is defined only by
BJData Draft 3; with the default version (draft2), this produced a
stream that is invalid for Draft 2 and, unlike every other
_ArrayType_, round-tripped back as a binary value instead of the
original annotated object.

Only accept "byte" / emit 'B' when bjdata_version selects Draft 3.
Under Draft 2, fall back to the same plain-object encoding used
elsewhere in this function for other invalid-annotation cases, so the
value round-trips correctly.

Fixes #5404.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

docs/mkdocs/docs/features/binary_formats/ubjson.md

@@ -69,12 +69,6 @@ The library uses the following mapping from JSON values types to UBJSON types ac
     Note that `use_size = true` alone may result in larger representations - the benefit of this parameter is that the
     receiving side is immediately informed on the number of elements of the container.
 
-    An array whose type marker is `Z` (null), `T` (true) or `F` (false) stores no payload at all, because the marker
-    already is the value. Its declared count is therefore the only thing that decides how much memory the receiving side
-    allocates, and a handful of bytes can describe billions of elements. `from_ubjson` rejects such an array with
-    [`out_of_range.408`](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range408) when the count exceeds 1,048,576, and
-    `to_ubjson` writes longer arrays of these types without the annotation, so any value it produces can be read back.
-
 !!! info "Binary values"
 
     If the JSON data contains the binary type, the value stored is a list of integers, as suggested by the UBJSON

docs/mkdocs/docs/home/exceptions.md

@@ -868,12 +868,6 @@ The size of an array or object in a [binary format](../features/binary_formats/i
 the size following `#` for [UBJSON](../features/binary_formats/ubjson.md)/[BJData](../features/binary_formats/bjdata.md),
 or the encoded length for [CBOR](../features/binary_formats/cbor.md).
 
-The exception is also thrown for a [UBJSON](../features/binary_formats/ubjson.md) array of a type that is encoded by its
-marker alone (`Z`, `T` or `F`) whose declared count exceeds 1,048,576. Such an array has no payload, so its count alone
-decides how much memory is allocated, and a handful of bytes would otherwise describe billions of values.
-[`to_ubjson`](../api/basic_json/to_ubjson.md) writes longer arrays of these types without the size and type annotation,
-so any value it produces can still be read back.
-
 !!! failure "Example messages"
 
     ```
@@ -885,9 +879,6 @@ so any value it produces can still be read back.
     ```
     [json.exception.out_of_range.408] syntax error while parsing CBOR size: excessive map size
     ```
-    ```
-    [json.exception.out_of_range.408] syntax error while parsing UBJSON size: excessive array size
-    ```
 
 ### json.exception.out_of_range.409
 

include/nlohmann/detail/input/binary_reader.hpp

@@ -58,26 +58,6 @@ inline bool little_endianness(int num = 1) noexcept
     return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num) == 1;
 }
 
-/*!
-@brief largest element count accepted for a UBJSON container of a valueless type
-
-An element of type 'Z' (null), 'T' (true) or 'F' (false) is encoded by its
-type marker alone, so an optimized container of one of those types has no
-payload at all and its declared count is the only thing that decides how much
-is allocated: `[$Z#L` followed by a large count turns some ten bytes of input
-into that many values (see #2793, which reports 35 GB and 150 seconds). Every
-other type costs at least one byte per element and is bounded by the end of
-the input.
-
-This is a sanity bound rather than a security boundary, and it is far above
-any container met in practice. @ref binary_writer falls back to the
-unoptimized encoding for longer containers, so that a value serialized by
-this library can always be read back.
-
-@sa https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2793
-*/
-JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr std::size_t max_valueless_container_size = 1 << 20;
-
 ///////////////////
 // binary reader //
 ///////////////////
@@ -1016,21 +996,23 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief reads a definite-length CBOR string
+    @brief reads a CBOR string
 
-    Reads everything @ref get_cbor_string accepts except the indefinite-length
+    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    form, which that function handles itself. The bytes are appended to @a
+    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
-    result, so consecutive chunks of an indefinite-length string can be read
+    Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
-    into the same string.
 
-    @param[out] result  string the bytes are appended to
+    @param[out] result  created string
 
     @return whether string creation completed
-
-    @pre @a current is not EOF
     */
-    bool get_cbor_string_chunk(string_t& result)
+    bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
     {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         switch (current)
         {
             // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
@@ -1086,6 +1068,20 @@ class binary_reader
                 return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
             }
 
+            case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
+            {
+                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                {
+                    string_t chunk;
+                    if (!get_cbor_string(chunk))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    result.append(chunk);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
             default:
             {
                 auto last_token = get_token_string();
@@ -1096,82 +1092,23 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief reads a CBOR string
+    @brief reads a CBOR byte array
 
     This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
+    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
-    Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
+    Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
 
-    @param[out] result  created string
+    @param[out] result  created byte array
-
-    @return whether string creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
-    {
-        // number of indefinite-length strings that have been opened and not
-        // closed yet. RFC 8949, Section 3.2.3 does not permit nesting them,
-        // but this reader has always accepted it, so the open levels are
-        // counted instead of recursed through, which overflowed the stack for
-        // an input of repeated 0x7F bytes (see #5104). Every chunk is appended
-        // to the same result, so no per-level state is needed.
-        std::size_t open = 0;
-
-        while (true)
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (current == 0x7F) // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
-            {
-                ++open;
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            // a break marker closes the innermost indefinite-length string;
-            // outside of one it is not a string and falls through to the error
-            if (open != 0 && current == 0xFF)
-            {
-                if (--open == 0)
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_string_chunk(result)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (open == 0)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            get();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a definite-length CBOR byte array
-
-    Reads everything @ref get_cbor_binary accepts except the indefinite-length
-    form, which that function handles itself. The bytes are appended to @a
-    result, so consecutive chunks of an indefinite-length byte array can be
-    read into the same byte array.
-
-    @param[out] result  byte array the bytes are appended to
 
     @return whether byte array creation completed
-
-    @pre @a current is not EOF
     */
-    bool get_cbor_binary_chunk(binary_t& result)
+    bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
     {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         switch (current)
         {
             // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
@@ -1231,6 +1168,20 @@ class binary_reader
                        get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
             }
 
+            case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
+            {
+                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                {
+                    binary_t chunk;
+                    if (!get_cbor_binary(chunk))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    result.insert(result.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
             default:
             {
                 auto last_token = get_token_string();
@@ -1240,63 +1191,6 @@ class binary_reader
         }
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a CBOR byte array
-
-    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
-    Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
-
-    @param[out] result  created byte array
-
-    @return whether byte array creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
-    {
-        // the open indefinite-length byte arrays are counted rather than
-        // recursed through, for the reason given in @ref get_cbor_string
-        std::size_t open = 0;
-
-        while (true)
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (current == 0x5F) // Binary data (indefinite length)
-            {
-                ++open;
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            // a break marker closes the innermost indefinite-length byte
-            // array; outside of one it falls through to the error below
-            if (open != 0 && current == 0xFF)
-            {
-                if (--open == 0)
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_binary_chunk(result)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (open == 0)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            get();
-        }
-    }
-
     /*!
     @brief narrow a definite CBOR array/map length to std::size_t
 
@@ -2497,12 +2391,7 @@ class binary_reader
     {
         result.first = npos; // size
         result.second = 0; // type
-        // seed the flag with the caller's context: inside an ndarray dimension
+        bool is_ndarray = false;
-        // vector another ndarray is not allowed, and get_ubjson_size_value()
-        // rejects it up front instead of reading it and reporting afterwards.
-        // Seeding it with `false` made every '#' of a "[#[#[..." chain descend
-        // another level, which overflowed the stack (see #5104).
-        bool is_ndarray = inside_ndarray;
 
         get_ignore_noop();
 
@@ -2535,11 +2424,13 @@ class binary_reader
             }
 
             const bool is_error = get_ubjson_size_value(result.first, is_ndarray);
-            // an ndarray was read here only if the flag flipped; when it was
+            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray)
-            // seeded true, get_ubjson_size_value() already rejected the nested
-            // dimension vector
-            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray && !inside_ndarray)
             {
+                if (inside_ndarray)
+                {
+                    return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+                                            exception_message(input_format, "ndarray can not be recursive", "size"), nullptr));
+                }
                 result.second |= (1 << 8); // use bit 8 to indicate ndarray, all UBJSON and BJData markers should be ASCII letters
             }
             return is_error;
@@ -2548,7 +2439,7 @@ class binary_reader
         if (current == '#')
         {
             const bool is_error = get_ubjson_size_value(result.first, is_ndarray);
-            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray && !inside_ndarray)
+            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray)
             {
                 return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
                                         exception_message(input_format, "ndarray requires both type and size", "size"), nullptr));
@@ -2819,17 +2710,6 @@ class binary_reader
 
         if (size_and_type.first != npos)
         {
-            // reading an element of a valueless type consumes no input, so the
-            // declared count alone decides how much is allocated; the check is
-            // made before the start event so that no container is opened that
-            // is then abandoned. See @ref max_valueless_container_size.
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY((size_and_type.second == 'Z' || size_and_type.second == 'T' || size_and_type.second == 'F')
-                                     && size_and_type.first > max_valueless_container_size))
-            {
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408,
-                                        exception_message(input_format, "excessive array size", "size"), nullptr));
-            }
-
             if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(size_and_type.first)))
             {
                 return false;

include/nlohmann/detail/output/binary_writer.hpp

@@ -826,17 +826,7 @@ class binary_writer
 
                     std::vector<CharType> bjdx = {'[', '{', 'S', 'H', 'T', 'F', 'N', 'Z'}; // excluded markers in bjdata optimized type
 
-                    // an optimized array of a valueless type carries no payload, so a
+                    if (same_prefix && !(use_bjdata && std::find(bjdx.begin(), bjdx.end(), first_prefix) != bjdx.end()))
-                    // reader has nothing but the declared count to bound the allocation
-                    // by and refuses an excessive one. Write the unoptimized form for
-                    // those, at one byte per element, so the result can be read back.
-                    // Objects are not affected: every element is preceded by its key.
-                    const bool valueless_type = (first_prefix == 'Z' || first_prefix == 'T' || first_prefix == 'F');
-                    const bool excessive_valueless = valueless_type
-                                                     && j.m_data.m_value.array->size() > detail::max_valueless_container_size;
-
-                    if (same_prefix && !excessive_valueless
-                            && !(use_bjdata && std::find(bjdx.begin(), bjdx.end(), first_prefix) != bjdx.end()))
                     {
                         prefix_required = false;
                         oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
@@ -1657,6 +1647,20 @@ class binary_writer
         return 'D';  // float 64
     }
 
+    /*!
+    @brief checks whether a JSON number fits into @a TargetType
+    @param[in] el a JSON number of either the signed or unsigned integer kind
+    @return whether @a el's value can be represented by @a TargetType without
+            wrapping, regardless of which of the two kinds it is stored as
+    */
+    template<typename TargetType>
+    static bool bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range(const BasicJsonType& el)
+    {
+        return el.is_number_unsigned()
+               ? value_in_range_of<TargetType>(el.template get<std::uint64_t>())
+               : value_in_range_of<TargetType>(el.template get<std::int64_t>());
+    }
+
     /*!
     @return false if the object is successfully converted to a bjdata ndarray, true if the type or size is invalid
     */
@@ -1677,6 +1681,16 @@ class binary_writer
         }
         CharType dtype = it->second;
 
+        // the 'B' (byte) marker is only defined by BJData Draft 3; emitting it
+        // under the default Draft 2 mode would produce a stream that Draft 2
+        // readers reject, so such an object falls back to a plain object
+        // encoding instead (see the "Binary values" section of the BJData
+        // documentation)
+        if (dtype == 'B' && bjdata_version != bjdata_version_t::draft3)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
         key = "_ArraySize_";
         // the dimensions are written verbatim as the header length below, so a
         // value that is not an array cannot produce a valid one: null emits 'Z'
@@ -1741,6 +1755,60 @@ class binary_writer
             }
         }
 
+        // every element is cast to the (possibly narrower) C++ type matching
+        // dtype below; a value that does not fit that type would silently
+        // wrap (integers) or overflow to infinity (the "single" precision
+        // float) instead of being reported, so such an object falls back to
+        // a plain object encoding as well
+        for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+        {
+            bool in_range = true;
+            switch (dtype)
+            {
+                case 'U':
+                case 'C':
+                case 'B':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint8_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'i':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int8_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'u':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint16_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'I':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int16_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'm':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint32_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'l':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int32_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'M':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint64_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'L':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int64_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'd':
+                {
+                    const auto dval = el.template get<double>();
+                    in_range = !std::isfinite(dval) ||
+                               (dval >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) &&
+                                dval <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()));
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    // 'D' (double) already spans the full range of number_float_t
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (!in_range)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
         oa->write_character('[');
         oa->write_character('$');
         oa->write_character(dtype);

include/nlohmann/json.hpp

@@ -4473,11 +4473,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in CBOR format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -4493,11 +4490,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -4522,11 +4516,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format
@@ -4540,11 +4531,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -4559,11 +4547,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -4586,11 +4571,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in UBJSON format
@@ -4604,11 +4586,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in UBJSON format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -4623,11 +4602,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -4650,11 +4626,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BJData format
@@ -4668,11 +4641,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BJData format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -4687,11 +4657,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BSON format
@@ -4705,11 +4672,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BSON format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -4724,11 +4688,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -4751,11 +4712,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
     /// @}
 

single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp

@@ -10745,26 +10745,6 @@ inline bool little_endianness(int num = 1) noexcept
     return *reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num) == 1;
 }
 
-/*!
-@brief largest element count accepted for a UBJSON container of a valueless type
-
-An element of type 'Z' (null), 'T' (true) or 'F' (false) is encoded by its
-type marker alone, so an optimized container of one of those types has no
-payload at all and its declared count is the only thing that decides how much
-is allocated: `[$Z#L` followed by a large count turns some ten bytes of input
-into that many values (see #2793, which reports 35 GB and 150 seconds). Every
-other type costs at least one byte per element and is bounded by the end of
-the input.
-
-This is a sanity bound rather than a security boundary, and it is far above
-any container met in practice. @ref binary_writer falls back to the
-unoptimized encoding for longer containers, so that a value serialized by
-this library can always be read back.
-
-@sa https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2793
-*/
-JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr std::size_t max_valueless_container_size = 1 << 20;
-
 ///////////////////
 // binary reader //
 ///////////////////
@@ -11703,21 +11683,23 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief reads a definite-length CBOR string
+    @brief reads a CBOR string
 
-    Reads everything @ref get_cbor_string accepts except the indefinite-length
+    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    form, which that function handles itself. The bytes are appended to @a
+    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
-    result, so consecutive chunks of an indefinite-length string can be read
+    Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
-    into the same string.
 
-    @param[out] result  string the bytes are appended to
+    @param[out] result  created string
 
     @return whether string creation completed
-
-    @pre @a current is not EOF
     */
-    bool get_cbor_string_chunk(string_t& result)
+    bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
     {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         switch (current)
         {
             // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
@@ -11773,6 +11755,20 @@ class binary_reader
                 return get_number(input_format_t::cbor, len) && get_string(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
             }
 
+            case 0x7F: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
+            {
+                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                {
+                    string_t chunk;
+                    if (!get_cbor_string(chunk))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    result.append(chunk);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
             default:
             {
                 auto last_token = get_token_string();
@@ -11783,82 +11779,23 @@ class binary_reader
     }
 
     /*!
-    @brief reads a CBOR string
+    @brief reads a CBOR byte array
 
     This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    string length and then copies this number of bytes into a string.
+    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
-    Additionally, CBOR's strings with indefinite lengths are supported.
+    Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
 
-    @param[out] result  created string
+    @param[out] result  created byte array
-
-    @return whether string creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_string(string_t& result)
-    {
-        // number of indefinite-length strings that have been opened and not
-        // closed yet. RFC 8949, Section 3.2.3 does not permit nesting them,
-        // but this reader has always accepted it, so the open levels are
-        // counted instead of recursed through, which overflowed the stack for
-        // an input of repeated 0x7F bytes (see #5104). Every chunk is appended
-        // to the same result, so no per-level state is needed.
-        std::size_t open = 0;
-
-        while (true)
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "string")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (current == 0x7F) // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
-            {
-                ++open;
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            // a break marker closes the innermost indefinite-length string;
-            // outside of one it is not a string and falls through to the error
-            if (open != 0 && current == 0xFF)
-            {
-                if (--open == 0)
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_string_chunk(result)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (open == 0)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            get();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a definite-length CBOR byte array
-
-    Reads everything @ref get_cbor_binary accepts except the indefinite-length
-    form, which that function handles itself. The bytes are appended to @a
-    result, so consecutive chunks of an indefinite-length byte array can be
-    read into the same byte array.
-
-    @param[out] result  byte array the bytes are appended to
 
     @return whether byte array creation completed
-
-    @pre @a current is not EOF
     */
-    bool get_cbor_binary_chunk(binary_t& result)
+    bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
     {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         switch (current)
         {
             // Binary data (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
@@ -11918,6 +11855,20 @@ class binary_reader
                        get_binary(input_format_t::cbor, len, result);
             }
 
+            case 0x5F: // Binary data (indefinite length)
+            {
+                while (get() != 0xFF)
+                {
+                    binary_t chunk;
+                    if (!get_cbor_binary(chunk))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    result.insert(result.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+
             default:
             {
                 auto last_token = get_token_string();
@@ -11927,63 +11878,6 @@ class binary_reader
         }
     }
 
-    /*!
-    @brief reads a CBOR byte array
-
-    This function first reads starting bytes to determine the expected
-    byte array length and then copies this number of bytes into the byte array.
-    Additionally, CBOR's byte arrays with indefinite lengths are supported.
-
-    @param[out] result  created byte array
-
-    @return whether byte array creation completed
-    */
-    bool get_cbor_binary(binary_t& result)
-    {
-        // the open indefinite-length byte arrays are counted rather than
-        // recursed through, for the reason given in @ref get_cbor_string
-        std::size_t open = 0;
-
-        while (true)
-        {
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!unexpect_eof(input_format_t::cbor, "binary")))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (current == 0x5F) // Binary data (indefinite length)
-            {
-                ++open;
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            // a break marker closes the innermost indefinite-length byte
-            // array; outside of one it falls through to the error below
-            if (open != 0 && current == 0xFF)
-            {
-                if (--open == 0)
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                get();
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!get_cbor_binary_chunk(result)))
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (open == 0)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            get();
-        }
-    }
-
     /*!
     @brief narrow a definite CBOR array/map length to std::size_t
 
@@ -13184,12 +13078,7 @@ class binary_reader
     {
         result.first = npos; // size
         result.second = 0; // type
-        // seed the flag with the caller's context: inside an ndarray dimension
+        bool is_ndarray = false;
-        // vector another ndarray is not allowed, and get_ubjson_size_value()
-        // rejects it up front instead of reading it and reporting afterwards.
-        // Seeding it with `false` made every '#' of a "[#[#[..." chain descend
-        // another level, which overflowed the stack (see #5104).
-        bool is_ndarray = inside_ndarray;
 
         get_ignore_noop();
 
@@ -13222,11 +13111,13 @@ class binary_reader
             }
 
             const bool is_error = get_ubjson_size_value(result.first, is_ndarray);
-            // an ndarray was read here only if the flag flipped; when it was
+            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray)
-            // seeded true, get_ubjson_size_value() already rejected the nested
-            // dimension vector
-            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray && !inside_ndarray)
             {
+                if (inside_ndarray)
+                {
+                    return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
+                                            exception_message(input_format, "ndarray can not be recursive", "size"), nullptr));
+                }
                 result.second |= (1 << 8); // use bit 8 to indicate ndarray, all UBJSON and BJData markers should be ASCII letters
             }
             return is_error;
@@ -13235,7 +13126,7 @@ class binary_reader
         if (current == '#')
         {
             const bool is_error = get_ubjson_size_value(result.first, is_ndarray);
-            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray && !inside_ndarray)
+            if (input_format == input_format_t::bjdata && is_ndarray)
             {
                 return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), parse_error::create(112, chars_read,
                                         exception_message(input_format, "ndarray requires both type and size", "size"), nullptr));
@@ -13506,17 +13397,6 @@ class binary_reader
 
         if (size_and_type.first != npos)
         {
-            // reading an element of a valueless type consumes no input, so the
-            // declared count alone decides how much is allocated; the check is
-            // made before the start event so that no container is opened that
-            // is then abandoned. See @ref max_valueless_container_size.
-            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY((size_and_type.second == 'Z' || size_and_type.second == 'T' || size_and_type.second == 'F')
-                                     && size_and_type.first > max_valueless_container_size))
-            {
-                return sax->parse_error(chars_read, get_token_string(), out_of_range::create(408,
-                                        exception_message(input_format, "excessive array size", "size"), nullptr));
-            }
-
             if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(size_and_type.first)))
             {
                 return false;
@@ -17954,17 +17834,7 @@ class binary_writer
 
                     std::vector<CharType> bjdx = {'[', '{', 'S', 'H', 'T', 'F', 'N', 'Z'}; // excluded markers in bjdata optimized type
 
-                    // an optimized array of a valueless type carries no payload, so a
+                    if (same_prefix && !(use_bjdata && std::find(bjdx.begin(), bjdx.end(), first_prefix) != bjdx.end()))
-                    // reader has nothing but the declared count to bound the allocation
-                    // by and refuses an excessive one. Write the unoptimized form for
-                    // those, at one byte per element, so the result can be read back.
-                    // Objects are not affected: every element is preceded by its key.
-                    const bool valueless_type = (first_prefix == 'Z' || first_prefix == 'T' || first_prefix == 'F');
-                    const bool excessive_valueless = valueless_type
-                                                     && j.m_data.m_value.array->size() > detail::max_valueless_container_size;
-
-                    if (same_prefix && !excessive_valueless
-                            && !(use_bjdata && std::find(bjdx.begin(), bjdx.end(), first_prefix) != bjdx.end()))
                     {
                         prefix_required = false;
                         oa->write_character(to_char_type('$'));
@@ -18785,6 +18655,20 @@ class binary_writer
         return 'D';  // float 64
     }
 
+    /*!
+    @brief checks whether a JSON number fits into @a TargetType
+    @param[in] el a JSON number of either the signed or unsigned integer kind
+    @return whether @a el's value can be represented by @a TargetType without
+            wrapping, regardless of which of the two kinds it is stored as
+    */
+    template<typename TargetType>
+    static bool bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range(const BasicJsonType& el)
+    {
+        return el.is_number_unsigned()
+               ? value_in_range_of<TargetType>(el.template get<std::uint64_t>())
+               : value_in_range_of<TargetType>(el.template get<std::int64_t>());
+    }
+
     /*!
     @return false if the object is successfully converted to a bjdata ndarray, true if the type or size is invalid
     */
@@ -18805,6 +18689,16 @@ class binary_writer
         }
         CharType dtype = it->second;
 
+        // the 'B' (byte) marker is only defined by BJData Draft 3; emitting it
+        // under the default Draft 2 mode would produce a stream that Draft 2
+        // readers reject, so such an object falls back to a plain object
+        // encoding instead (see the "Binary values" section of the BJData
+        // documentation)
+        if (dtype == 'B' && bjdata_version != bjdata_version_t::draft3)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
         key = "_ArraySize_";
         // the dimensions are written verbatim as the header length below, so a
         // value that is not an array cannot produce a valid one: null emits 'Z'
@@ -18869,6 +18763,60 @@ class binary_writer
             }
         }
 
+        // every element is cast to the (possibly narrower) C++ type matching
+        // dtype below; a value that does not fit that type would silently
+        // wrap (integers) or overflow to infinity (the "single" precision
+        // float) instead of being reported, so such an object falls back to
+        // a plain object encoding as well
+        for (const auto& el : value.at(key))
+        {
+            bool in_range = true;
+            switch (dtype)
+            {
+                case 'U':
+                case 'C':
+                case 'B':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint8_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'i':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int8_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'u':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint16_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'I':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int16_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'm':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint32_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'l':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int32_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'M':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::uint64_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'L':
+                    in_range = bjdata_ndarray_value_in_range<std::int64_t>(el);
+                    break;
+                case 'd':
+                {
+                    const auto dval = el.template get<double>();
+                    in_range = !std::isfinite(dval) ||
+                               (dval >= static_cast<double>(std::numeric_limits<float>::lowest()) &&
+                                dval <= static_cast<double>((std::numeric_limits<float>::max)()));
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    // 'D' (double) already spans the full range of number_float_t
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (!in_range)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
         oa->write_character('[');
         oa->write_character('$');
         oa->write_character(dtype);
@@ -26031,11 +25979,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in CBOR format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -26051,11 +25996,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -26080,11 +26022,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::cbor).sax_parse(input_format_t::cbor, &sdp, strict, tag_handler); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format
@@ -26098,11 +26037,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in MessagePack format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -26117,11 +26053,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -26144,11 +26077,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::msgpack).sax_parse(input_format_t::msgpack, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in UBJSON format
@@ -26162,11 +26092,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in UBJSON format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -26181,11 +26108,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -26208,11 +26132,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::ubjson).sax_parse(input_format_t::ubjson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BJData format
@@ -26226,11 +26147,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BJData format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -26245,11 +26163,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bjdata).sax_parse(input_format_t::bjdata, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BSON format
@@ -26263,11 +26178,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::forward<InputType>(i));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     /// @brief create a JSON value from an input in BSON format (iterator pair, or iterator+sentinel pair for C++20 ranges support)
@@ -26282,11 +26194,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         basic_json result;
         auto ia = detail::input_adapter(std::move(first), std::move(last));
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
 
     template<typename T>
@@ -26309,11 +26218,8 @@ class basic_json // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-spec
         auto ia = i.get();
         detail::json_sax_dom_parser<basic_json, decltype(ia)> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
-        if (!binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict)) // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
+        const bool res = binary_reader<decltype(ia)>(std::move(ia), input_format_t::bson).sax_parse(input_format_t::bson, &sdp, strict); // cppcheck-suppress[accessMoved]
-        {
+        return res ? result : basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            result = value_t::discarded;
-        }
-        return result;
     }
     /// @}
 

tests/src/unit-bjdata.cpp

@@ -2586,7 +2586,12 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
                 CHECK(json::to_bjdata(json::from_bjdata(v_d), true, true) == v_d);
                 CHECK(json::to_bjdata(json::from_bjdata(v_D), true, true) == v_D);
                 CHECK(json::to_bjdata(json::from_bjdata(v_C), true, true) == v_C);
-                CHECK(json::to_bjdata(json::from_bjdata(v_B), true, true) == v_B);
+                // v_B uses the Draft-3-only 'B' marker, so it round-trips only when
+                // Draft 3 is explicitly selected (see GitHub issue #5404); the
+                // default Draft 2 falls back to a plain object instead, covered by
+                // the "ndarray with _ArrayType_ "byte" is gated by the BJData draft
+                // version" section below
+                CHECK(json::to_bjdata(json::from_bjdata(v_B), true, true, json::bjdata_version_t::draft3) == v_B);
             }
 
             SECTION("ndarray with data not matching _ArrayType_ is written as an object")
@@ -2629,8 +2634,10 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
                 // the C++ API stores an int literal as number_integer, so _ArrayType_
                 // names the wire type rather than the storage. Both storages have to
                 // produce the same typed array for every type.
+                // "byte" is checked separately below since it additionally requires
+                // BJData Draft 3 to be selected explicitly (see GitHub issue #5404).
                 for (const char* type :
-                        {"uint8", "int8", "uint16", "int16", "uint32", "int32", "uint64", "int64", "char", "byte"
+                        {"uint8", "int8", "uint16", "int16", "uint32", "int32", "uint64", "int64", "char"
                         })
                 {
                     CAPTURE(type);
@@ -2641,6 +2648,14 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
                     CHECK(from_text == json::to_bjdata(json({{"_ArrayType_", type}, {"_ArraySize_", {2, 3}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}}})));
                 }
 
+                {
+                    const std::string text = R"({"_ArrayType_":"byte","_ArraySize_":[2,3],"_ArrayData_":[1,2,3,4,5,6]})";
+                    const auto from_text = json::to_bjdata(json::parse(text), true, true, json::bjdata_version_t::draft3);
+                    CHECK(from_text.at(0) == '[');
+                    CHECK(from_text == json::to_bjdata(json({{"_ArrayType_", "byte"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2, 3}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}}}),
+                    true, true, json::bjdata_version_t::draft3));
+                }
+
                 // negative values under a signed type behave the same way
                 const auto from_neg = json::to_bjdata(json::parse(R"({"_ArrayType_":"int32","_ArraySize_":[2],"_ArrayData_":[-5,7]})"));
                 CHECK(from_neg.at(0) == '[');
@@ -2776,6 +2791,83 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
                 CHECK(out_num.at(0) == '{');
                 CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_num) == j_num);
             }
+
+            SECTION("ndarray with out-of-range _ArrayData_ elements stays as object")
+            {
+                // each element is cast to the (possibly narrower) C++ type
+                // named by _ArrayType_ before being written; a value that
+                // does not fit that type would silently wrap instead of
+                // being reported, so such an object falls back to a plain
+                // object encoding that still round-trips (see GitHub issue #5403)
+
+                // an unsigned element that does not fit uint8
+                json const j_uint8 = json({{"_ArrayType_", "uint8"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1, 256}}});
+                const auto out_uint8 = json::to_bjdata(j_uint8);
+                CHECK(out_uint8.at(0) == '{');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_uint8) == j_uint8);
+
+                // a signed element that does not fit int8
+                json const j_int8 = json({{"_ArrayType_", "int8"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1, 200}}});
+                const auto out_int8 = json::to_bjdata(j_int8);
+                CHECK(out_int8.at(0) == '{');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_int8) == j_int8);
+
+                // a negative element is likewise out of range for an
+                // unsigned _ArrayType_
+                json const j_uint16_neg = json({{"_ArrayType_", "uint16"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1, -1}}});
+                const auto out_uint16_neg = json::to_bjdata(j_uint16_neg);
+                CHECK(out_uint16_neg.at(0) == '{');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_uint16_neg) == j_uint16_neg);
+
+                // a double element that overflows to infinity when narrowed
+                // to the "single" (float) precision named by _ArrayType_
+                json const j_single = json({{"_ArrayType_", "single"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1.5, 1e40}}});
+                const auto out_single = json::to_bjdata(j_single);
+                CHECK(out_single.at(0) == '{');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_single) == j_single);
+
+                // in-range boundary values still use the compact ndarray encoding
+                json const j_uint8_ok = json({{"_ArrayType_", "uint8"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2}}, {"_ArrayData_", {0, 255}}});
+                CHECK(json::to_bjdata(j_uint8_ok) == std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'U', '#', '[', 'i', 2, ']', 0, 255}));
+
+                json const j_int8_ok = json({{"_ArrayType_", "int8"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2}}, {"_ArrayData_", {-128, 127}}});
+                CHECK(json::to_bjdata(j_int8_ok) == std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', 'i', 2, ']', 0x80, 0x7F}));
+
+                json const j_single_ok = json({{"_ArrayType_", "single"}, {"_ArraySize_", {1}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1.5}}});
+                const auto out_single_ok = json::to_bjdata(j_single_ok);
+                CHECK(out_single_ok.at(0) == '[');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_single_ok) == json({1.5f}));
+            }
+
+            SECTION("ndarray with _ArrayType_ \"byte\" is gated by the BJData draft version")
+            {
+                // the 'B' (byte) marker used by _ArrayType_ "byte" is only defined
+                // by BJData Draft 3; Draft 2 (the default) has no such marker, so
+                // emitting it unconditionally produced a stream that a Draft 2
+                // reader could not parse as intended (see GitHub issue #5404).
+                // Two dimensions are used so that a successfully written ndarray
+                // round-trips back into the annotated object (a single dimension
+                // is, by the BJData ndarray convention, read back as a plain
+                // binary value rather than the annotated object, same as every
+                // other single-dimension ndarray of a non-"byte" type is read
+                // back as a plain array instead of the annotated object).
+                json const j_byte = json({{"_ArrayType_", "byte"}, {"_ArraySize_", {2, 3}}, {"_ArrayData_", {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}}});
+
+                // default (Draft 2): falls back to a plain object and round-trips
+                const auto out_draft2 = json::to_bjdata(j_byte);
+                CHECK(out_draft2.at(0) == '{');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_draft2) == j_byte);
+
+                // explicit Draft 2: same as the default
+                const auto out_draft2_explicit = json::to_bjdata(j_byte, true, true, json::bjdata_version_t::draft2);
+                CHECK(out_draft2_explicit.at(0) == '{');
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_draft2_explicit) == j_byte);
+
+                // Draft 3 explicitly selected: still uses the compact 'B' ndarray encoding
+                const auto out_draft3 = json::to_bjdata(j_byte, true, true, json::bjdata_version_t::draft3);
+                CHECK(out_draft3 == std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'B', '#', '[', '$', 'i', '#', 'i', 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}));
+                CHECK(json::from_bjdata(out_draft3) == j_byte);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -3288,10 +3380,8 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
             CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR1), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 6: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", json::parse_error&);
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vR1, true, false).is_discarded());
 
-            // a dimension vector that opens another one is rejected where the
-            // nested '[' is read, rather than after it has been descended into
             std::vector<uint8_t> const vR2 = {'[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', '#', '[', 'i', 1, ']', ']', 1};
-            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR2), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 7: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", json::parse_error&);
+            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR2), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 11: syntax error while parsing BJData size: expected length type specification (U, i, u, I, m, l, M, L) after '#'; last byte: 0x5D", json::parse_error&);
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vR2, true, false).is_discarded());
 
             std::vector<uint8_t> const vR3 = {'[', '#', '[', 'i', '2', 'i', 2, ']'};
@@ -3299,7 +3389,7 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vR3, true, false).is_discarded());
 
             std::vector<uint8_t> const vR4 = {'[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', 'i', 1, ']', 1};
-            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR4), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 9: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", json::parse_error&);
+            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR4), "[json.exception.parse_error.110] parse error at byte 14: syntax error while parsing BJData number: unexpected end of input", json::parse_error&);
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vR4, true, false).is_discarded());
 
             std::vector<uint8_t> const vR5 = {'[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', '[', '[', ']', ']', ']'};
@@ -3307,25 +3397,12 @@ TEST_CASE("BJData")
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vR5, true, false).is_discarded());
 
             std::vector<uint8_t> const vR6 = {'[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', 'i', '2', 'i', 2, ']'};
-            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR6), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 9: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", json::parse_error&);
+            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vR6), "[json.exception.parse_error.112] parse error at byte 14: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray can not be recursive", json::parse_error&);
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vR6, true, false).is_discarded());
 
             std::vector<uint8_t> const vH = {'[', 'H', '[', '#', '[', '$', 'i', '#', '[', 'i', '2', 'i', 2, ']'};
             CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vH), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 3: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", json::parse_error&);
             CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vH, true, false).is_discarded());
-
-            // Every "#[" of this chain used to open another dimension vector
-            // and cost several stack frames before anything was rejected, so a
-            // long enough chain crashed the process (see #5104). The nested
-            // vector is refused where it is read, so the length is irrelevant.
-            std::vector<uint8_t> vRdeep = {'['};
-            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 100000; ++i)
-            {
-                vRdeep.push_back('#');
-                vRdeep.push_back('[');
-            }
-            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_bjdata(vRdeep), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 5: syntax error while parsing BJData size: ndarray dimensional vector is not allowed", json::parse_error&);
-            CHECK(json::from_bjdata(vRdeep, true, false).is_discarded());
         }
 
         SECTION("objects")

tests/src/unit-cbor.cpp

@@ -2035,58 +2035,6 @@ TEST_CASE("CBOR definite length equal to the indefinite-length sentinel")
     }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("CBOR indefinite-length strings do not recurse per chunk")
-{
-    // Reading an indefinite-length string or byte array used to call itself
-    // once per chunk, so a payload of repeated 0x7F (or 0x5F) bytes exhausted
-    // the call stack before any of the input was rejected. The open levels are
-    // counted now, and the levels below prove the reader still reads the same
-    // values and reports the same errors at the same byte offsets.
-    json _;
-
-    SECTION("many open levels are reported, not crashed on")
-    {
-        const std::vector<uint8_t> input(200000, 0x7F);
-        CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_cbor(input), "[json.exception.parse_error.110] parse error at byte 200001: syntax error while parsing CBOR string: unexpected end of input", json::parse_error&);
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(input, true, false).is_discarded());
-    }
-
-    SECTION("many open levels are reported, not crashed on (binary)")
-    {
-        const std::vector<uint8_t> input(200000, 0x5F);
-        CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_cbor(input), "[json.exception.parse_error.110] parse error at byte 200001: syntax error while parsing CBOR binary: unexpected end of input", json::parse_error&);
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(input, true, false).is_discarded());
-    }
-
-    SECTION("chunks are still concatenated")
-    {
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x7F, 0xFF})) == json(""));
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x7F, 0x61, 0x61, 0xFF})) == json("a"));
-        // nested indefinite-length strings are concatenated across levels
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x7F, 0x7F, 0x61, 0x61, 0xFF, 0x61, 0x62, 0xFF})) == json("ab"));
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x7F, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x61, 0x7A, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF})) == json("z"));
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0xA1, 0x7F, 0x61, 0x61, 0xFF, 0x01})) == json({{"a", 1}}));
-    }
-
-    SECTION("chunks are still concatenated (binary)")
-    {
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x5F, 0x41, 0x61, 0xFF})) == json::binary({0x61}));
-        CHECK(json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x5F, 0x5F, 0x41, 0x61, 0xFF, 0x41, 0x62, 0xFF})) == json::binary({0x61, 0x62}));
-    }
-
-    SECTION("a chunk that is not a string is still rejected")
-    {
-        CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x7F, 0x7F, 0x00})), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 3: syntax error while parsing CBOR string: expected length specification (0x60-0x7B) or indefinite string type (0x7F); last byte: 0x00", json::parse_error&);
-        CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0x5F, 0x5F, 0x00})), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 3: syntax error while parsing CBOR binary: expected length specification (0x40-0x5B) or indefinite binary array type (0x5F); last byte: 0x00", json::parse_error&);
-    }
-
-    SECTION("a break marker outside an indefinite-length string is not a string")
-    {
-        // 0xFF only closes a string that was opened; on its own it is not one
-        CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_cbor(std::vector<uint8_t>({0xA1, 0xFF, 0x01})), "[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 2: syntax error while parsing CBOR string: expected length specification (0x60-0x7B) or indefinite string type (0x7F); last byte: 0xFF", json::parse_error&);
-    }
-}
-
 TEST_CASE("CBOR roundtrips" * doctest::skip())
 {
     SECTION("input from flynn")

tests/src/unit-ubjson.cpp

@@ -2149,67 +2149,6 @@ TEST_CASE("UBJSON")
     }
 }
 
-TEST_CASE("UBJSON optimized arrays of a valueless type are bounded")
-{
-    // An element of type 'Z', 'T' or 'F' is encoded by its marker alone, so an
-    // optimized array of one of those has no payload and the declared count is
-    // the only thing deciding how much is allocated. Ten bytes used to produce
-    // billions of values (#2793); every other type costs at least one byte per
-    // element and is bounded by the end of the input.
-    json _;
-
-    SECTION("an excessive count is rejected")
-    {
-        // 'l' is a big-endian int32: 0x7FFFFFFF elements, about 34 GB of value
-        for (const auto marker :
-                {'Z', 'T', 'F'
-                })
-        {
-            const std::vector<uint8_t> input = {'[', '$', static_cast<uint8_t>(marker), '#', 'l', 0x7F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
-            CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_ubjson(input), "[json.exception.out_of_range.408] syntax error while parsing UBJSON size: excessive array size", json::out_of_range&);
-            CHECK(json::from_ubjson(input, true, false).is_discarded());
-        }
-    }
-
-    SECTION("ordinary counts are unaffected")
-    {
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'Z', '#', 'i', 3})) == json({nullptr, nullptr, nullptr}));
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'T', '#', 'i', 2})) == json({true, true}));
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'F', '#', 'i', 2})) == json({false, false}));
-        // 'N' is a no-op rather than a value, and still yields an empty array
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(std::vector<uint8_t>({'[', '$', 'N', '#', 'i', 2})) == json::array());
-    }
-
-    SECTION("a type with a payload is unaffected")
-    {
-        // A count past the limit is not rejected for 'U', which costs a byte
-        // per element and is bounded by the end of the input instead. The
-        // count is kept just past the limit rather than made huge, because a
-        // count that also exceeds the array's max_size() is reported as
-        // out_of_range before the input runs out, and max_size() depends on
-        // the width of std::size_t.
-        const std::vector<uint8_t> input = {'[', '$', 'U', '#', 'l', 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x01};
-        CHECK_THROWS_WITH_AS(_ = json::from_ubjson(input), "[json.exception.parse_error.110] parse error at byte 10: syntax error while parsing UBJSON number: unexpected end of input", json::parse_error&);
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(input, true, false).is_discarded());
-    }
-
-    SECTION("the writer stays within what the reader accepts")
-    {
-        // below the limit the optimized form is used and is tiny; above it the
-        // writer falls back so that the result can still be read back
-        json const at_limit(1048576, nullptr);
-        const auto v_at_limit = json::to_ubjson(at_limit, true, true);
-        CHECK(v_at_limit.size() == 9);
-        CHECK(v_at_limit.at(1) == '$');
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(v_at_limit) == at_limit);
-
-        json const above_limit(1048577, nullptr);
-        const auto v_above_limit = json::to_ubjson(above_limit, true, true);
-        CHECK(v_above_limit.at(1) != '$');
-        CHECK(json::from_ubjson(v_above_limit) == above_limit);
-    }
-}
-
 TEST_CASE("Universal Binary JSON Specification Examples 1")
 {
     SECTION("Null Value")