* Reject JSON Patch move when from is a proper prefix of path
RFC 6902 (section 4.4) forbids "from" from being a proper prefix of
"path" for a "move" operation: "a location cannot be moved into one
of its children." "move" is implemented as remove-then-add with no
check for this. For object targets, the subsequent "add" happened to
throw as a side effect of resolving through the now-removed parent,
but for array targets, removing the "from" element shifts subsequent
indices, so "path" silently re-resolves to a different element and
the operation "succeeds" with a silently corrupted document.
Add a check, before performing the remove/add, for whether "from" is
a proper prefix of "path" at the reference-token level. This compares
json_pointer's already-unescaped reference_tokens vectors (basic_json
is a friend of json_pointer) rather than the raw pointer strings, so
that tokens containing escaped '/' or '~' characters are compared
correctly, and a token that merely looks like a string prefix (e.g.
"/ab" vs "/abc/x") is not mistaken for a pointer-token prefix. When
"from" is a proper prefix of "path", throw out_of_range.414.
Fixes#5397.
Stacked on top of the fix for #5396 (branch
issue-5396-patch-remove-primitive-parent), since both touch the same
patch_inplace move/remove handling in include/nlohmann/json.hpp.
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* Add root-pointer and array-append-token edge case tests for the move prefix check
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* Replace std::equal with an explicitly-bounded loop in the move prefix check
The three-iterator std::equal(first1, last1, first2) form has no
explicit end iterator for the second range, which a static analyzer
(Flawfinder, CWE-126) flags as a potential over-read even though the
preceding size comparison already guarantees the second range is long
enough. Rather than argue the point, make the bound visible in the code
itself via an explicit loop -- every access to ptr.reference_tokens is
now guarded by the same index the loop condition bounds against
from_size.
(The C++14 four-iterator std::equal(first1, last1, first2, last2) form
was tried first as a more minimal fix, but this codebase targets C++11
and that overload is not safely usable under -std=c++11 with all
supported standard library implementations.)
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* Extract the move prefix check into a named helper lambda
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* Account for JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS in the move-prefix-check error messages
out_of_range::create() includes a "(bytes X-Y)" position annotation when
JSON_DIAGNOSTIC_POSITIONS is enabled, which the ci_test_diagnostic_positions
CI job builds the whole suite with. The five new out_of_range.414
assertions only checked the annotation-free message. Confirmed
JSON_DIAGNOSTICS produces the same (annotation-free) message as the
default build for this particular throw site (its path-based annotation
is empty at the root, where &result always points here), so only two
message variants are needed, not three.
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
---------
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
RFC 6902 (section 4.2) requires the target location of a "remove"
operation to exist. operation_remove handled parent.is_object() and
parent.is_array(), but had no final else branch: when the resolved
parent was a primitive value or null, neither branch matched and the
operation silently did nothing instead of failing.
Add the missing else branch, throwing out_of_range.413 with wording
that matches the existing out_of_range.411 thrown by the analogous
"add" case (operation_add) for the same kind of invalid parent.
Fixes#5396.
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* docs: add 89 customers and sort all sections
Extend the customers page from 136 to 225 entries. New entries were
found by searching vendor open-source notices and by inspecting
dependency manifests in public repositories.
Every added entry was verified to link either to a page that credits
the library, or to an open source repository where its use is directly
visible (a vendored copy, a build manifest, or an include). Candidates
whose only evidence was a transitive dependency (via ICU or
KDDockWidgets), packaging metadata, or an unused vendored file were
dropped rather than listed.
Also sort every section alphabetically ignoring case, and keep the
Peregrine lunar lander first under "Space Exploration".
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* docs: add 41 customers and rebuild the overview image
The list was assembled by searching for names one at a time, which is why it
had plateaued. These additions come from enumerating instead: a public code
search returning every repository that references the library, and the reverse
build-dependencies of the Debian and Ubuntu source indices.
Every addition cites a first-party call site rather than a repository root,
and every evidence URL was checked to resolve. Several prominent candidates
were rejected on exactly that test:
- Node.js reaches the library only through deps/icu-small, the inherited
attribution ICU carries into everything that ships it.
- Visual Studio Code's only hits are copies of the library's own headers
used as sample C++ in the Copilot extension's test fixtures.
- OSS-Fuzz fuzzes the library rather than calling it; projects/json/ is the
library's own OSS-Fuzz integration.
- libuv matched only its AUTHORS file, which lists a contributor by name.
- simdjson and LLVM matched only benchmarks and a mangled-symbol test.
Two entries were already present under a different name and are merged rather
than duplicated: PrestoDB, and DB Browser for SQLite under its repository name.
GitHub CodeQL's citation moves from the repository root to shared/cpp/Diagnostics.h,
which includes the header directly.
The image is rebuilt with 236 logos over 17 rows. It is smaller than the one it
replaces, 1.02 MB against 1.35 MB, despite carrying 100 more marks.
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
---------
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* Throw other_error.502 when UBJSON use_type is set without use_size
Fixes#5321
Signed-off-by: Krishnanand G <118352827+Krishnanand-G@users.noreply.github.com>
* Scope UBJSON use_type check to container branches and expand tests
Signed-off-by: Krishnanand G <118352827+Krishnanand-G@users.noreply.github.com>
* Re-amalgamate single_include/json.hpp
The previous commit updated the split headers but the amalgamated
file didn't go back through astyle before I committed it, so CI's
amalgamation check caught formatting drift in json_fwd.hpp and a
few noexcept clauses in basic_json, plus one doc example. None of
it touches the UBJSON logic. Applied the patch CI generated to
bring single_include back in sync.
Signed-off-by: Krishnanand G <118352827+Krishnanand-G@users.noreply.github.com>
---------
Signed-off-by: Krishnanand G <118352827+Krishnanand-G@users.noreply.github.com>
* 📝 Document exceptions newly thrown by the binary-format hardening
A round of binary-format input validation (#5274, #5284, #5287, #5332)
added new failure modes without updating exceptions.md, and left two
descriptions factually narrower than the code:
- parse_error.110 said "CBOR or MessagePack"; BSON and UBJSON also
throw it. Generalized, and added the BSON EOF example (#5332).
- parse_error.112: added the BSON document-size mismatch example
(#5287).
- parse_error.113 said "while parsing a map key", but its own existing
UBJSON char example already contradicted that. Broadened to cover
invalid length specifications, and added the negative-string-length
example (#5284).
- out_of_range.408 said "of an UBJSON array or object"; CBOR now throws
it too (#5274). Generalized and added both CBOR examples.
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* 📝 Correct which types may be referenced in a tuple extraction
The note added in #5271 said a referenced type must be one the library
stores "or an arithmetic type it can convert to/from". The parenthetical
is wrong: is_compatible_reference_type requires an exact match against
the stored types, so std::tuple<int&> is rejected by static_assert even
though int converts fine as a value. Only the value case is permissive.
Spell out the eight admissible types, give the int& counter-example, and
separate the reference restriction from by-value conversion.
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
---------
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* 📝 Fix documentation gaps found in a full GitHub Discussions review
Reviewed all 1008 GitHub Discussions (2020-2026) for recurring questions
that better or more visible documentation would have avoided. Adds/expands
documentation for ~26 distinct gaps, including:
- New "Debugging" page collecting natvis, GDB pretty printer, LLDB status,
and JSON_DIAGNOSTICS pointers (previously scattered/undiscoverable)
- Thread-safety and schema-validation FAQ entries
- StringType's char-based requirement (no wstring/u16string/u32string)
- Brace-initialization-yields-arrays warning directly on the constructor
reference page (previously only in the FAQ, missed by users reading
the constructor docs)
- std::any exclusion from get<T>(), with a manual-dispatch example
- Non-string-keyed std::map serializing as an array of pairs
- ordered_json compatibility with NLOHMANN_DEFINE_TYPE_* macros
(already worked, was undocumented)
- std::array truncation on size-mismatched conversion (no exception)
- static_cast vs. get<std::optional<T>>() divergence
- Recipe for omitting a std::optional field instead of emitting null
- No built-in nesting-depth limit during parsing + a callback-based
workaround recipe
- Recipe for streaming a large homogeneous array via parser callbacks
- operator>> stream-position semantics for concatenated JSON values
- JSON Pointer array-vs-object creation rule for non-existing paths
- CMake target name (nlohmann_json_modules) needed to link C++20 modules
- ESP-IDF/PlatformIO: no official package, link to a community fork
- get(key, default) as the Python dict.get() equivalent
- reserve() recipe for pre-allocating array capacity
- JSONC as an alias for the existing ignore_comments/ignore_trailing_commas
combination (distinct from the unsupported JSON5)
- items() dereferenced-element type: decltype() idiom + detail-namespace
stability caveat
- Various macro/type-conversion limitations (MSGPACK_DEFINE_ARRAY
equivalent, char-array round-tripping, ADL serializer macro gap)
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* 🎨 fix format
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
---------
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* 📝 Fix documentation gaps for 3.13.0 release (todos 138-142)
- Todo 138: Add "Known issues" section to modules.md with compiler-specific troubleshooting (GCC redefinition, MSVC symbol export). Add pointer note to quality_assurance.md.
- Todo 139: Document CBOR/MessagePack half-precision float encoding for NaN/Infinity (0xF9/0xCA with exact byte sequences). Explain pre-3.13.0 double-precision bug mechanism without issue citations.
- Todo 140: Document CBOR negative-integer-overflow rejection (parse_error.112) for magnitudes exceeding int64_t range (already implemented in rev 1).
- Todo 141: Update version history in value.md and operator[].md with behavior-change details, removing issue citations per citation policy (prose is self-contained).
- Todo 142: Global sed replace of 3.12.x → 3.13.0 placeholder across all 20 documentation files.
Revision 2 incorporates feedback to reduce changelog-like issue citations. Only citations that add unique troubleshooting value are retained (#5103 for GCC workaround, #3970 for MSVC symbol export). "Known issues" section follows PR #5252's visual pattern (info admonition with bold-bullet format).
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* 📝 Document integer type selection, type_name() invalid value, and std::optional get() fix
- number_handling.md: clarify that positive/negative integers select
unsigned/signed storage based on the leading minus sign (todo 143).
- type_name.md: document the new "invalid" return value for corrupted
JSON values (todo 145).
- get.md: note that get<std::optional<T>>() was unreachable in every
configuration prior to 3.13.0 due to an internal macro-guard bug,
unrelated to JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS's actual effect (todo 144).
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
---------
Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
* Added NLOHNMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
- duplicate of NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* Added failing tests for NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* modified NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_STRICT to throw
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* added documentation and changed readme to include NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* ran amalgamate
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* docs(macros): add page for JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
- added page to nav
- added links to new page where appropriate
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* refactor(macros): make JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT use JSON_THROW
- added templated wrapper function to fix scope error in calling JSON_THROW
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* refactor(macros): make NLOHMANN_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT use error code 410
- added error code 410 to docs
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* tests(macros): add test for to_json with enum value not mentioned
in mapping for NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* Apply suggestions from code review
Co-authored-by: Niels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <nugentcaillin@gmail.com>
* fix(macro): prevent compilation error with -Werror and -Wunused-parameter
with NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
- casted exception to void to avoid warning
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* fix(docs): add link to NLOHMANN_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT docs to exception page
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* docs(macros): add example of exception throwing for NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
* refactor(macros): add more in-depth error message to NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT
- changed error message to follow style of nlohmann/json#4989
- made description of throw wrapper more general
- updated tests and example of exceptions
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
---------
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <caillinn@student.unimelb.edu.au>
Signed-off-by: Caillin Nugent <nugentcaillin@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Niels Lohmann <niels.lohmann@gmail.com>
* fix: treat single-element brace-init as copy/move
When passing a json value using brace initialization with a single element
(e.g., `json j{someObj}` or `foo({someJson})`), C++ always prefers the
initializer_list constructor over the copy/move constructor. This caused
the value to be unexpectedly wrapped in a single-element array.
This bug was previously compiler-dependent (GCC wrapped, Clang did not),
but Clang 20 started matching GCC behavior, making it a universal issue.
Fix: In the initializer_list constructor, when type deduction is enabled
and the list has exactly one element, copy/move it directly instead of
creating a single-element array.
Before:
json obj = {{"key", 1}};
json j{obj}; // -> [{"key":1}] (wrong: array)
foo({obj}); // -> [{"key":1}] (wrong: array)
After:
json j{obj}; // -> {"key":1} (correct: copy)
foo({obj}); // -> {"key":1} (correct: copy)
To explicitly create a single-element array, use json::array({value}).
Fixes the issue #5074
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* fix: regenerate amalgamated single_include/nlohmann/json.hpp
- Add missing comment from include/nlohmann/json.hpp explaining the
single-element brace-init fix (issue #5074)
- Fix extra 4-space indentation in embedded json_fwd.hpp section
Regenerated by running: make amalgamate
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* Revert brace-init semantics change and fix amalgamation
The single-element brace-init change was a breaking change that cannot be accepted upstream. Reverted all related source, test, and doc changes, then regenerated single_include with correct indentation to pass the amalgamation CI check.
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* Fix: add JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS opt-in macro for issue #5074
Single-element brace initialization wrapping in an array cannot be fixed without breaking existing code. Added JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS as an opt-in macro (default 0) so users can enable copy/move semantics for single-element brace init without affecting anyone relying on the current behavior.
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* docs: add dedicated macro page and CI test target for JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* fix: remove compiler-dependent assertions from #5074 regression test
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* fix: use defined() guard for JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS to satisfy -Wundef
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* docs: fix section name in json_brace_init_copy_semantics.md to pass style check
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
* docs: move Default definition section before Notes to fix style check order
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
---------
Signed-off-by: Samaresh Kumar Singh <ssam3003@gmail.com>
PR #4873 introduced a safety check in sax_parse functions to catch
nullptr passed as SAX parser object, which had been already annotated by
JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL macro.
Compilers (e.g. clang) which respected the non-null annotation tended to
eliminate the safety check completely in optimized builds, while
compilers which did not, compiled the safety check in. This led to
different behaviors accross different compilers/platforms and/or build
types (debug, release).
This commit reverts PR #4873 to remove this discrepancy. Passing null to
non-null annotated parameter is considered to be undefined behavior.
Fixes#5048
Signed-off-by: Richard Musil <risa2000x@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Richard Musil <risa2000x@gmail.com>
Niels Lohmann
Krishnanand G
Luke Banicevic
Caillin NugentandNiels Lohmann
SamareshSingh
risa2000andRichard Musil
co63oc
Nikhil
Michael Valladolid
Colby Haskell
