Fix the library warnings and noexcept specifications from the merged PRs

- binary_reader: rename the error_handler constructor parameter, which
  shadowed the member (-Wshadow, -Wshadow-field-in-constructor; #5746)
- basic_json(copy_construct_tag, ...): declare it noexcept when copying
  the base class is (GCC 16 -Wnoexcept; #5690)
- the scalar-on-left legacy comparison operators: noexcept only when
  converting the scalar is, like their member counterparts (#5682, #5751)
- compare_leaves: use std::is_eq/is_lt/is_gt instead of comparing a
  std::partial_ordering with 0 (-Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant; #5686)
- serializer: silence MSVC C4127 for the EnsureAscii template parameter
  (#5741, #5746)
- clang-tidy: return the sanitized reference in binary_writer, take the
  key of ordered_map::find_impl by const reference (#5727), and mark the
  switches over parse_array_index (#5728)
- ordered_map: keep <memory> for std::allocator (IWYU)

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

include/nlohmann/detail/input/binary_reader.hpp

@@ -110,15 +110,15 @@ class binary_reader
 
     @param[in] adapter  input adapter to read from
     @param[in] format   the binary format to parse
-    @param[in] error_handler  how to treat text strings and object keys that
+    @param[in] error_handler_  how to treat text strings and object keys that
                are not well-formed UTF-8; none of the supported formats
                requires a decoder to reject those, so the default is to
                @ref error_handler_t::keep them unchanged, as every binary
                reader did before this parameter existed
     */
     explicit binary_reader(InputAdapterType&& adapter, const input_format_t format = input_format_t::json,
-                           const error_handler_t error_handler = error_handler_t::keep) noexcept
-        : ia(std::move(adapter)), input_format(format), error_handler(error_handler)
+                           const error_handler_t error_handler_ = error_handler_t::keep) noexcept
+        : ia(std::move(adapter)), input_format(format), error_handler(error_handler_)
     {
         (void)detail::is_sax_static_asserts<SAX, BasicJsonType> {};
     }

include/nlohmann/detail/json_pointer.hpp

@@ -322,6 +322,8 @@ class json_pointer
         typename BasicJsonType::size_type idx{};
         switch (parse_array_index<BasicJsonType>(s, idx))
         {
+            // the branches differ in their messages, not after JSON_THROW's expansion
+            // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-branch-clone)
             case array_index_status::leading_zero:
                 JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, detail::concat("array index '", s, "' must not begin with '0'"), nullptr));
             case array_index_status::not_a_number:
@@ -685,6 +687,8 @@ class json_pointer
                     typename BasicJsonType::size_type idx{};
                     switch (parse_array_index<BasicJsonType>(reference_token, idx))
                     {
+                        // the branches differ in their messages, not after JSON_THROW's expansion
+                        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-branch-clone)
                         case array_index_status::leading_zero:
                             JSON_THROW(detail::parse_error::create(106, 0, detail::concat("array index '", reference_token, "' must not begin with '0'"), nullptr));
                         case array_index_status::not_a_number:

include/nlohmann/detail/output/binary_writer.hpp

@@ -2260,18 +2260,18 @@ class binary_writer
         switch (error_handler)
         {
             case error_handler_t::keep:
-                return s;
+                return s; // NOLINT(bugprone-return-const-ref-from-parameter): callers pass lvalues that outlive the call
 
             case error_handler_t::strict:
                 check_utf8(s, context);
-                return s;
+                return s; // NOLINT(bugprone-return-const-ref-from-parameter): callers pass lvalues that outlive the call
 
             case error_handler_t::replace:
             case error_handler_t::ignore:
             default:
                 if (is_valid_utf8(s))
                 {
-                    return s;
+                    return s; // NOLINT(bugprone-return-const-ref-from-parameter): callers pass lvalues that outlive the call
                 }
                 storage = sanitize_utf8(s, error_handler);
                 return storage;

include/nlohmann/detail/output/serializer.hpp

@@ -706,6 +706,11 @@ class serializer
     @a ensure_ascii is a template parameter here so that the branch on it is
     resolved once, outside the loop; see @ref dump_escaped.
     */
+#ifdef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION
+#pragma warning(push)
+    // EnsureAscii is a template parameter; C++11 has no if constexpr
+#pragma warning(disable : 4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#endif
     template<bool EnsureAscii>
     void dump_escaped_impl(const string_t& s)
     {
@@ -1055,6 +1060,9 @@ class serializer
             }
         }
     }
+#ifdef JSON_HEDLEY_MSVC_VERSION
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
 
   private:
     /*!