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<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_float_t/" rel="canonical"><link href=../merge_patch/ rel=prev><link href=../number_integer_t/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>number_float_t - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new 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data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> number_float_t </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to 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</code></pre></div> <p>The type used to store <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> numbers (floating-point).</p> <p><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 8259</a> describes numbers as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and <abbr title="Not a Number">NaN</abbr>) are not permitted.</p> </blockquote> <p>This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers. However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number is a signed integer, an unsigned integer, or a floating-point number. Therefore, three different types, <a href=../number_integer_t/ ><code>number_integer_t</code></a>, <a href=../number_unsigned_t/ ><code>number_unsigned_t</code></a> and <code>number_float_t</code> are used.</p> <p>To store floating-point numbers in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter <code>NumberFloatType</code> which chooses the type to use.</p> <h2 id=template-parameters>Template parameters<a class=headerlink href=#template-parameters title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <dl> <dt><code>NumberFloatType</code></dt> <dd>the type to store floating-point numbers. Parsing and serialization are implemented in terms of <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>strtof</span></code>/<code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>strtod</span></code>/<code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>strtold</span></code> and <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>snprintf</span></code>, so the type must be <code class=highlight><span class=kt>float</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=kt>double</span></code>, or <code class=highlight><span class=kt>long</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kt>double</span></code>. The <a href=../../../features/binary_formats/ >binary formats</a> additionally require <code class=highlight><span class=kt>float</span></code> or <code class=highlight><span class=kt>double</span></code>, because they have no encoding for <code class=highlight><span class=kt>long</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kt>double</span></code>. See <a href=../../../features/types/template_parameters/#numberfloattype>Template Parameter Requirements</a>.</dd> </dl> <h2 id=notes>Notes<a class=headerlink href=#notes title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=default-type>Default type<a class=headerlink href=#default-type title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>With the default values for <code>NumberFloatType</code> (<code>double</code>), the default value for <code>number_float_t</code> is <code class=highlight><span class=kt>double</span></code>.</p> <h3 id=default-behavior>Default behavior<a class=headerlink href=#default-behavior title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <ul> <li>The restrictions about leading zeros are not enforced in C++. Instead, leading zeros in floating-point literals will be ignored. Internally, the value will be stored as a decimal number. For instance, the C++ floating-point literal <code>01.2</code> will be serialized to <code>1.2</code>. During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.</li> <li>Not-a-number (<abbr title="Not a Number">NaN</abbr>) values will be serialized to <code>null</code>.</li> </ul> <h3 id=limits>Limits<a class=headerlink href=#limits title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 8259</a> states:</p> <blockquote> <p>This specification allows implementations to set limits on the range and precision of numbers accepted. Since software that implements <abbr title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">IEEE</abbr> 754-2008 binary64 (double precision) numbers is generally available and widely used, good interoperability can be achieved by implementations that expect no more precision or range than these provide, in the sense that implementations will approximate <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> numbers within the expected precision.</p> </blockquote> <p>This implementation does exactly follow this approach, as it uses double precision floating-point numbers. Note values smaller than <code>-1.79769313486232e+308</code> and values greater than <code>1.79769313486232e+308</code> will be stored as <abbr title="Not a Number">NaN</abbr> internally and be serialized to <code>null</code>.</p> <h3 id=storage>Storage<a class=headerlink href=#storage title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>FloatinLine truncated
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<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iomanip></span>
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<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
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