Switch ci_static_analysis_clang off the frozen LLVM 22 dev image

ubuntu.yml pinned the clang-tidy/clang-tidy-sanitizer/single-binaries
job to silkeh/clang:dev, a tag last pushed 2026-02-18 that reports
"clang version 22.0.0 (...+20251015...)", a pre-release snapshot from
before the LLVM 22 release; the maintainer now updates dev-unstable,
22, and latest instead. Switched to silkeh/clang:22, matching the
other clang jobs on :latest.

Verified with clang-tidy 22.1.8 (the image's actual version) against
this repository's .clang-tidy and library headers what the release
image newly reports compared to :dev:

- readability-redundant-typename fires at ~250 sites across the
  _cpp20-relevant conversion/to_chars headers; the library targets
  C++11 and keeps the typenames, so the check is disabled in
  .clang-tidy, matching how the file already handles checks that
  don't fit a C++11 codebase.
- misc-anonymous-namespace-in-header fires on the two anonymous
  namespaces in from_json.hpp and to_json.hpp; added the alias to
  their existing NOLINT (cert-dcl59-cpp, fuchsia-header-anon-namespaces,
  google-build-namespaces).
- bugprone-std-namespace-modification fires on every addition to
  namespace std: the std::hash, std::formatter and std::swap
  overloads in json.hpp, and the std::tuple_size/std::tuple_element
  specializations in iteration_proxy.hpp (this last file is not named
  in #5725's item 5, found by actually running clang-tidy 22.1.8
  against the current tree). All six are legal, deliberate additions
  to namespace std (explicit/partial specializations of std types, or
  the pre-C++20 std::swap overload); annotated each with the check
  name next to its existing cert-dcl58-cpp NOLINT.
- modernize-avoid-c-style-cast reported nothing new.

Also added clang++-22/21, clang-tidy-22/21, g++-16 and gcov-16 to the
find_program search lists in ci.cmake so a local "maximal warnings"
configure prefers the current toolchain version over an older one on
PATH.

#5725 item 5

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

cmake/ci.cmake

@@ -8,24 +8,24 @@ set(N 10)
 include(FindPython3)
 find_package(Python3 COMPONENTS Interpreter)
 
-find_program(CLANG_TOOL NAMES clang++-HEAD clang++ clang++-20 clang++-19 clang++-18 clang++-17 clang++-16 clang++-15 clang++-14 clang++-13 clang++-12 clang++-11 clang++)
+find_program(CLANG_TOOL NAMES clang++-HEAD clang++ clang++-22 clang++-21 clang++-20 clang++-19 clang++-18 clang++-17 clang++-16 clang++-15 clang++-14 clang++-13 clang++-12 clang++-11 clang++)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${CLANG_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE CLANG_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE CLANG_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" CLANG_TOOL_VERSION "${CLANG_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 Clang ${CLANG_TOOL_VERSION} (${CLANG_TOOL})")
 
-find_program(CLANG_TIDY_TOOL NAMES clang-tidy-20 clang-tidy-19 clang-tidy-18 clang-tidy-17 clang-tidy-16 clang-tidy-15 clang-tidy-14 clang-tidy-13 clang-tidy-12 clang-tidy-11 clang-tidy)
+find_program(CLANG_TIDY_TOOL NAMES clang-tidy-22 clang-tidy-21 clang-tidy-20 clang-tidy-19 clang-tidy-18 clang-tidy-17 clang-tidy-16 clang-tidy-15 clang-tidy-14 clang-tidy-13 clang-tidy-12 clang-tidy-11 clang-tidy)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION "${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 Clang-Tidy ${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL_VERSION} (${CLANG_TIDY_TOOL})")
 
 message(STATUS "🔖 CMake ${CMAKE_VERSION} (${CMAKE_COMMAND})")
 
-find_program(GCC_TOOL NAMES g++-latest g++-HEAD g++ g++-15 g++-14 g++-13 g++-12 g++-11 g++-10)
+find_program(GCC_TOOL NAMES g++-latest g++-HEAD g++ g++-16 g++-15 g++-14 g++-13 g++-12 g++-11 g++-10)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${GCC_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCC_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE GCC_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" GCC_TOOL_VERSION "${GCC_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 GCC ${GCC_TOOL_VERSION} (${GCC_TOOL})")
 
-find_program(GCOV_TOOL NAMES gcov-HEAD gcov gcov-15 gcov-14 gcov-13 gcov-12 gcov-11 gcov-10)
+find_program(GCOV_TOOL NAMES gcov-HEAD gcov gcov-16 gcov-15 gcov-14 gcov-13 gcov-12 gcov-11 gcov-10)
 execute_process(COMMAND ${GCOV_TOOL} --version OUTPUT_VARIABLE GCOV_TOOL_VERSION ERROR_VARIABLE GCOV_TOOL_VERSION)
 string(REGEX MATCH "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)+" GCOV_TOOL_VERSION "${GCOV_TOOL_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "🔖 GCOV ${GCOV_TOOL_VERSION} (${GCOV_TOOL})")