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features/types/number_handling.md
+5 -2
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@@ -345,8 +345,11 @@ The number types can be changed with template parameters.
in case of overflow.
- The type for unsigned integers must be convertible from `#!c unsigned long long`. The type for floating-point
numbers is used in case of overflow.
- The types for signed and unsigned integers must be distinct, see
[#2573](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2573).
- The type for unsigned integers can also be the same signed type as the type for signed integers (e.g.,
`#!c std::int64_t` for both). Then every integer is stored as a signed integer, and
[`is_number_unsigned()`](../../api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned.md) is always `#!c false`, see
[Template Parameter Requirements](template_parameters.md#same-type-for-both).
- The type for floating-point numbers must be distinct from the integer types.
- Only `#!c double`, `#!c float`, and `#!c long double` are supported for floating-point numbers.
!!! example
features/types/number_handling/index.html
+2 -2
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@@ -59,5 +59,5 @@ val=nan
<span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// otherwise, take appropriate action</span>
<span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// ...</span>
<span class=p>}</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>Note this approach also has the advantage that it can react on non-numerical <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value types such as strings.</p> <p>(Example taken from <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/777#issuecomment-459968458">#777</a>.)</p> </div> <h3 id=determine-number-types>Determine number types<a class=headerlink href=#determine-number-types title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p>As the example in <a href=#number-conversion>Number conversion</a> shows, there are different functions to determine the type of the stored number:</p> <ul> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number/ ><code>is_number()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for any number type</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_integer/ ><code>is_number_integer()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for signed and unsigned integers</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/ ><code>is_number_unsigned()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for unsigned integers only</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_float/ ><code>is_number_float()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for floating-point numbers</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type_name/ ><code>type_name()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code> for any number type</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type/ ><code>type()</code></a> returns a different enumerator of <a href=../../../api/basic_json/value_t/ ><code>value_t</code></a> for all number types</li> </ul> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>function</th> <th>unsigned integer</th> <th>signed integer</th> <th>floating-point</th> <th>string</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number/ ><code>is_number()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_integer/ ><code>is_number_integer()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/ ><code>is_number_unsigned()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_float/ ><code>is_number_float()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type_name/ ><code>type_name()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"string"</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type/ ><code>type()</code></a></td> <td><code>number_unsigned</code></td> <td><code>number_integer</code></td> <td><code>number_float</code></td> <td><code>string</code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id=template-number-types>Template number types<a class=headerlink href=#template-number-types title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p>The number types can be changed with template parameters.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>position</th> <th>number type</th> <th>default type</th> <th>possible values</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>signed integers</td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>int64_t</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>int32_t</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>int16_t</span></code>, etc.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>unsigned integers</td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint64_t</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint32_t</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</spanLine truncated
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Note values should then be parsed with <code>json_ld::parse</code> rather than <code>json::parse</code> as the latter would parse floating-point values to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>double</span></code> before then converting them to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>long</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kt>double</span></code>.</p> </div> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="October 14, 2026 15:38:37 UTC">October 14, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> <p>Note this approach also has the advantage that it can react on non-numerical <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value types such as strings.</p> <p>(Example taken from <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/777#issuecomment-459968458">#777</a>.)</p> </div> <h3 id=determine-number-types>Determine number types<a class=headerlink href=#determine-number-types title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p>As the example in <a href=#number-conversion>Number conversion</a> shows, there are different functions to determine the type of the stored number:</p> <ul> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number/ ><code>is_number()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for any number type</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_integer/ ><code>is_number_integer()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for signed and unsigned integers</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/ ><code>is_number_unsigned()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for unsigned integers only</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_float/ ><code>is_number_float()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code> for floating-point numbers</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type_name/ ><code>type_name()</code></a> returns <code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code> for any number type</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type/ ><code>type()</code></a> returns a different enumerator of <a href=../../../api/basic_json/value_t/ ><code>value_t</code></a> for all number types</li> </ul> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>function</th> <th>unsigned integer</th> <th>signed integer</th> <th>floating-point</th> <th>string</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number/ ><code>is_number()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_integer/ ><code>is_number_integer()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/ ><code>is_number_unsigned()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/is_number_float/ ><code>is_number_float()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>true</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=nb>false</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type_name/ ><code>type_name()</code></a></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"number"</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=s>"string"</span></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href=../../../api/basic_json/type/ ><code>type()</code></a></td> <td><code>number_unsigned</code></td> <td><code>number_integer</code></td> <td><code>number_float</code></td> <td><code>string</code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id=template-number-types>Template number types<a class=headerlink href=#template-number-types title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p>The number types can be changed with template parameters.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>position</th> <th>number type</th> <th>default type</th> <th>possible values</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>signed integers</td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>int64_t</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>int32_t</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>int16_t</span></code>, etc.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>unsigned integers</td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint64_t</span></code></td> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint32_t</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</spanLine truncated
</span></code></pre></div> <p>Note values should then be parsed with <code>json_ld::parse</code> rather than <code>json::parse</code> as the latter would parse floating-point values to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>double</span></code> before then converting them to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>long</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kt>double</span></code>.</p> </div> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="October 15, 2026 18:04:42 UTC">October 15, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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features/types/number_handling/index.md
+2 -1
View File
@@ -280,7 +280,8 @@ Constraints on number types
- The type for signed integers must be convertible from `long long`. The type for floating-point numbers is used in case of overflow.
- The type for unsigned integers must be convertible from `unsigned long long`. The type for floating-point numbers is used in case of overflow.
- The types for signed and unsigned integers must be distinct, see [#2573](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2573).
- The type for unsigned integers can also be the same signed type as the type for signed integers (e.g., `std::int64_t` for both). Then every integer is stored as a signed integer, and [`is_number_unsigned()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/index.md) is always `false`, see [Template Parameter Requirements](https://json.nlohmann.me/features/types/template_parameters/#same-type-for-both).
- The type for floating-point numbers must be distinct from the integer types.
- Only `double`, `float`, and `long double` are supported for floating-point numbers.
Example
features/types/template_parameters.md
+38 -19
View File
@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@ Requirements are split into two groups:
## Overview
| Template parameter | Default | Notable substitutes |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [`ObjectType`](#objecttype) | `std::map` | [`nlohmann::ordered_map`](../../api/ordered_map.md), Abseil hash maps |
| [`ArrayType`](#arraytype) | `std::vector` | `#!cpp std::deque` |
| [`StringType`](#stringtype) | `std::string` | `std::string`-like types over `char` |
| [`BooleanType`](#booleantype) | `bool` | none worth using |
| [`NumberIntegerType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::int64_t` | any signed integer type |
| [`NumberUnsignedType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::uint64_t` | any unsigned integer type at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType` |
| [`NumberFloatType`](#numberfloattype) | `double` | `float` (`long double`: no binary formats) |
| [`AllocatorType`](#allocatortype) | `std::allocator` | stateless allocators |
| [`JSONSerializer`](#jsonserializer) | `adl_serializer` | serializers with the same interface |
| [`BinaryType`](#binarytype) | `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>` | `#!cpp std::vector<char>` |
| [`CustomBaseClass`](#custombaseclass) | `void` | any default-constructible class |
| Template parameter | Default | Notable substitutes |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [`ObjectType`](#objecttype) | `std::map` | [`nlohmann::ordered_map`](../../api/ordered_map.md), Abseil hash maps |
| [`ArrayType`](#arraytype) | `std::vector` | `#!cpp std::deque` |
| [`StringType`](#stringtype) | `std::string` | `std::string`-like types over `char` |
| [`BooleanType`](#booleantype) | `bool` | none worth using |
| [`NumberIntegerType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::int64_t` | any signed integer type |
| [`NumberUnsignedType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::uint64_t` | any unsigned integer type at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType`, or `NumberIntegerType` itself |
| [`NumberFloatType`](#numberfloattype) | `double` | `float` (`long double`: no binary formats) |
| [`AllocatorType`](#allocatortype) | `std::allocator` | stateless allocators |
| [`JSONSerializer`](#jsonserializer) | `adl_serializer` | serializers with the same interface |
| [`BinaryType`](#binarytype) | `#!cpp std::vector<std::uint8_t>` | `#!cpp std::vector<char>` |
| [`CustomBaseClass`](#custombaseclass) | `void` | any default-constructible class |
!!! warning "Third-party containers and incomplete types"
@@ -1030,13 +1030,14 @@ Both types are stored **directly** inside `basic_json`'s union.
### Always required
- `#!cpp std::is_integral` must be satisfied: `NumberIntegerType` must be a **signed** integer type,
`NumberUnsignedType` an **unsigned** integer type. Class types are not supported -- among others, the constructors
taking integer values are constrained on `#!cpp std::is_integral`.
`NumberUnsignedType` an **unsigned** integer type or the same type as `NumberIntegerType` (see
[below](#same-type-for-both)). Class types are not supported -- among others, the constructors taking integer values
are constrained on `#!cpp std::is_integral`.
- Trivially default-constructible, trivially copyable, and trivially destructible (union member).
- `#!cpp std::numeric_limits` must be specialized for both types.
- `NumberUnsignedType` must be able to represent the absolute value of every `NumberIntegerType` value; serialization
of negative numbers converts the value to `NumberUnsignedType`. A `#!cpp static_assert` requires it to be at least as
wide as `NumberIntegerType`, which is what that amounts to for the standard integer types.
- An unsigned `NumberUnsignedType` must be able to represent the absolute value of every `NumberIntegerType` value;
serialization of negative numbers converts the value to `NumberUnsignedType`. A `#!cpp static_assert` requires it to
be at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType`, which is what that amounts to for the standard integer types.
- Both types must fit into the internal 64-character number buffer used by
[`dump`](../../api/basic_json/dump.md), which is the case for all standard integer types.
- [`std::hash<basic_json>`](../../api/basic_json/std_hash.md) additionally requires `#!cpp std::hash` specializations.
@@ -1048,6 +1049,23 @@ is stored as [`number_float_t`](../../api/basic_json/number_float_t.md) instead.
therefore silently changes parse results rather than raising an error. See
[Number Handling](number_handling.md) for details.
#### Same type for both
`NumberUnsignedType` may be the same type as `NumberIntegerType`, e.g.
`#!cpp nlohmann::json::with_integers_t<std::int64_t, std::int64_t>` (see
[`with_integers_t`](../../api/basic_json/with_t.md)), for code that only wants to handle one integer type. Such a `basic_json` stores every integer as
[`number_integer_t`](../../api/basic_json/number_integer_t.md):
- [`is_number_unsigned()`](../../api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned.md) is always `#!cpp false`, and
[`type()`](../../api/basic_json/type.md) never returns `value_t::number_unsigned`. Constructing a value from
`value_t::number_unsigned` gives a `value_t::number_integer` value.
- Values of unsigned C++ types (e.g., `#!cpp 5u`) are converted to `NumberIntegerType`, so values above its maximum
wrap around, as values outside the range of a narrower `NumberIntegerType` already do.
- The parsers store a non-negative integer above the maximum of `NumberIntegerType` (e.g., `18446744073709551615` for
`#!cpp std::int64_t`) as [`number_float_t`](../../api/basic_json/number_float_t.md), like any other integer that does
not fit.
- Converting from a `basic_json` with distinct types turns its unsigned values into `number_integer_t` values.
### Compatible types
| Type pair | Support |
@@ -1055,8 +1073,9 @@ therefore silently changes parse results rather than raising an error. See
| `#!cpp std::int64_t` / `#!cpp std::uint64_t` (default) | full |
| `#!cpp std::int32_t` / `#!cpp std::uint32_t`, `#!cpp long long` / `#!cpp unsigned long long` | full; narrower types change which literals the parser can represent |
| any other pair of standard signed/unsigned integer types | full |
| the same signed integer type for both, e.g. `#!cpp std::int64_t` / `#!cpp std::int64_t` | full; every integer is stored as `number_integer_t`, see [above](#same-type-for-both) |
| class types, enumerations | not usable; `#!cpp std::is_integral` must hold |
| `#!cpp bool`, or a type already used for another member of the union | not usable; `#!cpp std::is_integral<bool>` is in fact `#!cpp true`, but the `get_impl_ptr` overloads for `boolean_t`, `number_integer_t`, `number_unsigned_t` and `number_float_t` would collide |
| `#!cpp bool`, `number_float_t`, or the type of another member of the union | not usable; `#!cpp std::is_integral<bool>` is in fact `#!cpp true`, but the `get_impl_ptr` overloads for `boolean_t`, `number_integer_t`, `number_unsigned_t` and `number_float_t` would collide |
## `NumberFloatType`
features/types/template_parameters/index.html
+3 -3
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<span class=w> </span><span class=n>basic_json</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// mapped_type</span>
<span class=w> </span><span class=n>default_object_comparator_t</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// key_compare</span>
<span class=w> </span><span class=n>AllocatorType</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>pair</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=k>const</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>StringType</span><span class=p>,</span>
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@
<span class=w> </span><span class=nt>"pi"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mf>3.141</span>
<span class=p>}</span>
<span class=kc>true</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=booleantype><code>BooleanType</code><a class=headerlink href=#booleantype title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p><code>boolean_t</code> is stored <strong>directly</strong> inside <code>basic_json</code>, as a member of an anonymous union.</p> <h3 id=always-required_3>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_3 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li>A literal type that is trivially default-constructible, trivially copyable, and trivially destructible; otherwise the union's special member functions are deleted.</li> <li><strong>Implicitly</strong> convertible from <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> -- an <code class=highlight><span class=k>explicit</span></code> constructor is not enough, because the <code>to_json</code> overload for a custom <code>BooleanType</code> is constrained on <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>is_convertible</span></code> -- and contextually convertible to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> (here an <code class=highlight><span class=k>explicit</span><span class=w> </span><span class=k>operator</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kt>bool</span></code> is fine).</li> <li>Comparison operators <code>==</code>, <code>!=</code>, <code>&lt;</code>, <code>&lt;=</code>, <code>&gt;</code>, <code>&gt;=</code> (or <code>&lt;=&gt;</code>).</li> <li>Convertible from and to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> through the serializer, because <a href=../../../api/basic_json/get/ ><code>get&lt;bool&gt;()</code></a> is used internally.</li> </ul> <p>There is little reason to use anything other than <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> here.</p> <h3 id=compatible-types_1>Compatible types<a class=headerlink href=#compatible-types_1 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p><code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> is the only usable choice. Another trivially copyable type that is implicitly convertible to and from <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> -- <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span></code>, say -- does compile, and <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> booleans still round-trip, but the type then serves as both <code>boolean_t</code> and an ordinary integer: <code>basic_json</code> can no longer be constructed or assigned from a <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span></code> at all (the boolean and unsigned-integer <code>to_json</code> overloads become ambiguous), and <a href=../../../api/basic_json/get/ ><code>get&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;()</code></a> on a number throws <a href=../../../home/exceptions/#jsonexceptiontype_error302><code>type_error.302</code></a> instead of returning the value.</p> <h2 id=numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype><code>NumberIntegerType</code> and <code>NumberUnsignedType</code><a class=headerlink href=#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Both types are stored <strong>directly</strong> inside <code>basic_json</code>'s union.</p> <h3 id=always-required_4>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_4 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>is_integral</span></code> must be satisfied: <code>NumberIntegerType</code> must be a <strong>signed</strong> integer type, <code>NumberUnsignedType</code> an <strong>unsigned</strong> integer type. Class types are not supported -- among others, the constructors taking integer values are constrained on <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>is_integral</span></code>.</li> <li>Trivially default-constructible, trivially copyable, and trivially destructible (union member).</li> <li><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>numeric_limits</span></code> must be specialized for both types.</li> <li><code>NumberUnsignedType</code> must be able to represent the absolute value of every <code>NumberIntegerType</code> value; serialization of negative numbers converts the value to <code>NumberUnsignedType</code>. A <code class=highlight><span class=k>static_assert</span></code> requires it to be at least as wide as <code>NumberIntegerType</code>, which is what that amounts to for the standard integer types.</li> <li>Both types must fit into the internal 64-character number buffer used by <a href=../../../api/basic_json/dump/ ><code>dump</code></a>, which is the case for all standard integer types.</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/std_hash/ ><code>std::hash&lt;basic_json&gt;</code></a> additionally requires <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>hash</span></code> specializations.</li> </ul> <h3 id=notes_1>Line truncated
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=booleantype><code>BooleanType</code><a class=headerlink href=#booleantype title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p><code>boolean_t</code> is stored <strong>directly</strong> inside <code>basic_json</code>, as a member of an anonymous union.</p> <h3 id=always-required_3>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_3 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li>A literal type that is trivially default-constructible, trivially copyable, and trivially destructible; otherwise the union's special member functions are deleted.</li> <li><strong>Implicitly</strong> convertible from <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> -- an <code class=highlight><span class=k>explicit</span></code> constructor is not enough, because the <code>to_json</code> overload for a custom <code>BooleanType</code> is constrained on <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>is_convertible</span></code> -- and contextually convertible to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> (here an <code class=highlight><span class=k>explicit</span><span class=w> </span><span class=k>operator</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kt>bool</span></code> is fine).</li> <li>Comparison operators <code>==</code>, <code>!=</code>, <code>&lt;</code>, <code>&lt;=</code>, <code>&gt;</code>, <code>&gt;=</code> (or <code>&lt;=&gt;</code>).</li> <li>Convertible from and to <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> through the serializer, because <a href=../../../api/basic_json/get/ ><code>get&lt;bool&gt;()</code></a> is used internally.</li> </ul> <p>There is little reason to use anything other than <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> here.</p> <h3 id=compatible-types_1>Compatible types<a class=headerlink href=#compatible-types_1 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p><code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> is the only usable choice. Another trivially copyable type that is implicitly convertible to and from <code class=highlight><span class=kt>bool</span></code> -- <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span></code>, say -- does compile, and <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> booleans still round-trip, but the type then serves as both <code>boolean_t</code> and an ordinary integer: <code>basic_json</code> can no longer be constructed or assigned from a <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span></code> at all (the boolean and unsigned-integer <code>to_json</code> overloads become ambiguous), and <a href=../../../api/basic_json/get/ ><code>get&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;()</code></a> on a number throws <a href=../../../home/exceptions/#jsonexceptiontype_error302><code>type_error.302</code></a> instead of returning the value.</p> <h2 id=numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype><code>NumberIntegerType</code> and <code>NumberUnsignedType</code><a class=headerlink href=#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Both types are stored <strong>directly</strong> inside <code>basic_json</code>'s union.</p> <h3 id=always-required_4>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_4 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>is_integral</span></code> must be satisfied: <code>NumberIntegerType</code> must be a <strong>signed</strong> integer type, <code>NumberUnsignedType</code> an <strong>unsigned</strong> integer type or the same type as <code>NumberIntegerType</code> (see <a href=#same-type-for-both>below</a>). Class types are not supported -- among others, the constructors taking integer values are constrained on <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>is_integral</span></code>.</li> <li>Trivially default-constructible, trivially copyable, and trivially destructible (union member).</li> <li><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>numeric_limits</span></code> must be specialized for both types.</li> <li>An unsigned <code>NumberUnsignedType</code> must be able to represent the absolute value of every <code>NumberIntegerType</code> value; serialization of negative numbers converts the value to <code>NumberUnsignedType</code>. A <code class=highlight><span class=k>static_assert</span></code> requires it to be at least as wide as <code>NumberIntegerType</code>, which is what that amounts to for the standard integer types.</li> <li>Both types must fit into the internal 64-character number buffer used by <a href=../../../api/basic_json/dump/ ><code>dump</code></a>, which is the case for all standard integer types.</li> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/std_hash/ ><code>std::hash&lt;basic_json&gt;</code></a> additionally requires <code class=highlight><span class=n>stLine truncated
</code></pre></div> <h3 id=always-required_8>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_8 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li>A non-<code>final</code> class type -- <a href=../../../api/byte_container_with_subtype/ ><code>byte_container_with_subtype</code></a> derives from it publicly.</li> <li>A member type <code>value_type</code> that is <strong>exactly one byte</strong> wide (e.g., <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=kt>char</span></code>, or <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>byte</span></code>). Readers and writers reinterpret the container's storage as raw bytes, so a wider <code>value_type</code> is rejected with a <code class=highlight><span class=k>static_assert</span></code>.</li> <li>Contiguous storage: the binary readers <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>memcpy</span></code> into <code class=highlight><span class=o>&amp;</span><span class=n>binary</span><span class=p>[</span><span class=n>n</span><span class=p>]</span></code>, the writers <code>reinterpret_cast</code> <code>data()</code>. <code class=highlight><span class=n>data</span><span class=p>()</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>+</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>n</span></code> would do for the readers too, but they share one helper with <a href=#stringtype><code>StringType</code></a>, whose non-<code class=highlight><span class=k>const</span></code> <code>data()</code> is C++17 and later only.</li> <li>Default-constructible, copy-constructible, and move-constructible.</li> <li>Member functions <code>size()</code>, <code>empty()</code>, <code>data()</code>, <code>resize()</code>, <code>operator[]</code>, <code>back()</code>, <code>begin()</code>, <code>end()</code>, <code>cbegin()</code>, and <code>cend()</code> with random-access iterators, and <code>insert(pos, first, last)</code>, which the <abbr title="Concise Binary Object Representation">CBOR</abbr> reader uses to join the chunks of an indefinite-length byte string. <code>push_back()</code> is <strong>not</strong> required.</li> <li>Comparison operators: <code>==</code> is used by <a href=../../../api/byte_container_with_subtype/ ><code>byte_container_with_subtype</code></a>, the relational operators by <a href=../../../api/basic_json/operator_le/ ><code>basic_json</code>'s comparison operators</a>.</li> </ul> <h3 id=required-for-individual-functions_1>Required for individual functions<a class=headerlink href=#required-for-individual-functions_1 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li><code>clear()</code>, for <a href=../../../api/basic_json/clear/ ><code>basic_json::clear()</code></a>.</li> </ul> <p><code>max_size()</code>, <code>at()</code>, <code>reserve()</code>, <code>erase()</code>, <code>pop_back()</code>, and <code>emplace_back()</code> are <strong>not</strong> used at all.</p> <p>See <a href=../../../api/basic_json/binary_t/ ><code>binary_t</code></a> for how a non-default <code>BinaryType</code> changes the meaning of assigning such a container to a <code>basic_json</code> value.</p> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Reference implementation</p> <p><code>docs/mkdocs/docs/examples/custom_binary_type.hpp</code> wraps a private <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code> and satisfies every requirement above -- a good starting point for a custom <code>BinaryType</code>.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#pragma once</span>
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf>&lt;cstdint&gt;</span>
@@ -678,4 +678,4 @@
<span class=p>}</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=p>{</span><span class=nt>"bytes"</span><span class=p>:[</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>],</span><span class=nt>"subtype"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=kc>null</span><span class=p>}</span>
<span class=kc>true</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h3 id=compatible-containers_2>Compatible containers<a class=headerlink href=#compatible-containers_2 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Container</th> <th>Notes</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code> (default)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=kt>char</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>byte</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code></td> <td><code>dump()</code> writes the bytes as 0..255 whichever is used</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>boost::container::vector&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;</code>, <code>boost::container::small_vector&lt;std::uint8_t, N&gt;</code></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>absl::InlinedVector&lt;std::uint8_t, N&gt;</code></td> <td>usable here, unlike as an <code>ArrayType</code>, because the value type is complete</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>eastl::vector&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;</code></td> <td>usable here, unlike as an <code>ArrayType</code>, because <code>max_size()</code> is not needed</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>folly::fbvector&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;</code></td> <td>requires C++20, see the note above</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id=containers-that-cannot-be-used_2>Containers that cannot be used<a class=headerlink href=#containers-that-cannot-be-used_2 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Container</th> <th>Reason</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>QByteArray</code></td> <td>no <code>empty()</code> (it spells that <code>isEmpty()</code>); its <code>insert</code> takes an index rather than an iterator; and it converts to <code>string_t</code>, which makes <code>to_json</code> ambiguous between a string and a binary value</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>string</span></code></td> <td><code>binary_t::container_type</code> and <code>string_t</code> would be the same type, so the two <a href=../../../api/basic_json/swap/ ><code>swap</code></a> overloads collide and <code>basic_json</code> cannot be instantiated at all</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>deque</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code></td> <td>storage is not contiguous, so there is no <code>data()</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>containers whose <code>value_type</code> is wider than one byte</td> <td>see above -- accepted by the compiler, wrong at runtime</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id=custombaseclass><code>CustomBaseClass</code><a class=headerlink href=#custombaseclass title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p><code>CustomBaseClass</code> is an extension point: unless it is <code class=highlight><span class=kt>void</span></code> (the default, which selects the empty <code>nlohmann::json_default_base</code>), <code>basic_json</code> publicly derives from it.</p> <h3 id=always-required_9>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_9 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li>A non-<code>final</code>, default-constructible class type.</li> <li><code>basic_json</code> is copy-/move-constructible and copy-/move-assignable only if <code>CustomBaseClass</code> is.</li> </ul> <h3 id=notes_2>Notes<a class=headerlink href=#notes_2 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p><code>basic_json</code> is documented to be a <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/StandardLayoutType">StandardLayoutType</a>. Because <code>basic_json</code> has non-static data members of its own, a <code>CustomBaseClass</code> with non-static data members forfeits this guarantee.</p> <p>Note the namespace of <code>CustomBaseClass</code> becomes an associated namespace of <code>basic_json</code> for the purpose of argument-dependent lookup.</p> <p>See <a href=../../../api/basic_json/json_base_class_t/ ><code>json_base_class_t</code></a> for an example.</p> <h3 id=compatible-types_6>Compatible types<a class=headerlink href=#compatible-types_6 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Support</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=kt>void</span></code> (default)</td> <td>an empty base class is used; no effect on <code>basic_json</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>any default-constructible, non-<code>final</code> class</td> <td>full; see <a href=../../../api/basic_json/json_base_class_t/ ><code>json_base_class_t</code></a></td> </tr>Line truncated
</code></pre></div> </details> <h3 id=compatible-containers_2>Compatible containers<a class=headerlink href=#compatible-containers_2 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Container</th> <th>Notes</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code> (default)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=kt>char</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code>, <code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>vector</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>byte</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code></td> <td><code>dump()</code> writes the bytes as 0..255 whichever is used</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>boost::container::vector&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;</code>, <code>boost::container::small_vector&lt;std::uint8_t, N&gt;</code></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>absl::InlinedVector&lt;std::uint8_t, N&gt;</code></td> <td>usable here, unlike as an <code>ArrayType</code>, because the value type is complete</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>eastl::vector&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;</code></td> <td>usable here, unlike as an <code>ArrayType</code>, because <code>max_size()</code> is not needed</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>folly::fbvector&lt;std::uint8_t&gt;</code></td> <td>requires C++20, see the note above</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id=containers-that-cannot-be-used_2>Containers that cannot be used<a class=headerlink href=#containers-that-cannot-be-used_2 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Container</th> <th>Reason</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>QByteArray</code></td> <td>no <code>empty()</code> (it spells that <code>isEmpty()</code>); its <code>insert</code> takes an index rather than an iterator; and it converts to <code>string_t</code>, which makes <code>to_json</code> ambiguous between a string and a binary value</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>string</span></code></td> <td><code>binary_t::container_type</code> and <code>string_t</code> would be the same type, so the two <a href=../../../api/basic_json/swap/ ><code>swap</code></a> overloads collide and <code>basic_json</code> cannot be instantiated at all</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>deque</span><span class=o>&lt;</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=kt>uint8_t</span><span class=o>&gt;</span></code></td> <td>storage is not contiguous, so there is no <code>data()</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>containers whose <code>value_type</code> is wider than one byte</td> <td>see above -- accepted by the compiler, wrong at runtime</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id=custombaseclass><code>CustomBaseClass</code><a class=headerlink href=#custombaseclass title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p><code>CustomBaseClass</code> is an extension point: unless it is <code class=highlight><span class=kt>void</span></code> (the default, which selects the empty <code>nlohmann::json_default_base</code>), <code>basic_json</code> publicly derives from it.</p> <h3 id=always-required_9>Always required<a class=headerlink href=#always-required_9 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <ul> <li>A non-<code>final</code>, default-constructible class type.</li> <li><code>basic_json</code> is copy-/move-constructible and copy-/move-assignable only if <code>CustomBaseClass</code> is.</li> </ul> <h3 id=notes_2>Notes<a class=headerlink href=#notes_2 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <p><code>basic_json</code> is documented to be a <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/StandardLayoutType">StandardLayoutType</a>. Because <code>basic_json</code> has non-static data members of its own, a <code>CustomBaseClass</code> with non-static data members forfeits this guarantee.</p> <p>Note the namespace of <code>CustomBaseClass</code> becomes an associated namespace of <code>basic_json</code> for the purpose of argument-dependent lookup.</p> <p>See <a href=../../../api/basic_json/json_base_class_t/ ><code>json_base_class_t</code></a> for an example.</p> <h3 id=compatible-types_6>Compatible types<a class=headerlink href=#compatible-types_6 title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Type</th> <th>Support</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code class=highlight><span class=kt>void</span></code> (default)</td> <td>an empty base class is used; no effect on <code>basic_json</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>any default-constructible, non-<code>final</code> class</td> <td>full; see <a href=../../../api/basic_json/json_base_class_t/ ><code>json_base_class_t</code></a></td> </tr>Line truncated
features/types/template_parameters/index.md
+32 -22
View File
@@ -21,19 +21,19 @@ Three requirements are checked with a `static_assert`: the array iterator catego
## Overview
| Template parameter | Default | Notable substitutes |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [`ObjectType`](#objecttype) | `std::map` | [`nlohmann::ordered_map`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/ordered_map/index.md), Abseil hash maps |
| [`ArrayType`](#arraytype) | `std::vector` | `std::deque` |
| [`StringType`](#stringtype) | `std::string` | `std::string`-like types over `char` |
| [`BooleanType`](#booleantype) | `bool` | none worth using |
| [`NumberIntegerType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::int64_t` | any signed integer type |
| [`NumberUnsignedType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::uint64_t` | any unsigned integer type at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType` |
| [`NumberFloatType`](#numberfloattype) | `double` | `float` (`long double`: no binary formats) |
| [`AllocatorType`](#allocatortype) | `std::allocator` | stateless allocators |
| [`JSONSerializer`](#jsonserializer) | `adl_serializer` | serializers with the same interface |
| [`BinaryType`](#binarytype) | `std::vector<std::uint8_t>` | `std::vector<char>` |
| [`CustomBaseClass`](#custombaseclass) | `void` | any default-constructible class |
| Template parameter | Default | Notable substitutes |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [`ObjectType`](#objecttype) | `std::map` | [`nlohmann::ordered_map`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/ordered_map/index.md), Abseil hash maps |
| [`ArrayType`](#arraytype) | `std::vector` | `std::deque` |
| [`StringType`](#stringtype) | `std::string` | `std::string`-like types over `char` |
| [`BooleanType`](#booleantype) | `bool` | none worth using |
| [`NumberIntegerType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::int64_t` | any signed integer type |
| [`NumberUnsignedType`](#numberintegertype-and-numberunsignedtype) | `std::uint64_t` | any unsigned integer type at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType`, or `NumberIntegerType` itself |
| [`NumberFloatType`](#numberfloattype) | `double` | `float` (`long double`: no binary formats) |
| [`AllocatorType`](#allocatortype) | `std::allocator` | stateless allocators |
| [`JSONSerializer`](#jsonserializer) | `adl_serializer` | serializers with the same interface |
| [`BinaryType`](#binarytype) | `std::vector<std::uint8_t>` | `std::vector<char>` |
| [`CustomBaseClass`](#custombaseclass) | `void` | any default-constructible class |
Third-party containers and incomplete types
@@ -885,10 +885,10 @@ Both types are stored **directly** inside `basic_json`'s union.
### Always required
- `std::is_integral` must be satisfied: `NumberIntegerType` must be a **signed** integer type, `NumberUnsignedType` an **unsigned** integer type. Class types are not supported -- among others, the constructors taking integer values are constrained on `std::is_integral`.
- `std::is_integral` must be satisfied: `NumberIntegerType` must be a **signed** integer type, `NumberUnsignedType` an **unsigned** integer type or the same type as `NumberIntegerType` (see [below](#same-type-for-both)). Class types are not supported -- among others, the constructors taking integer values are constrained on `std::is_integral`.
- Trivially default-constructible, trivially copyable, and trivially destructible (union member).
- `std::numeric_limits` must be specialized for both types.
- `NumberUnsignedType` must be able to represent the absolute value of every `NumberIntegerType` value; serialization of negative numbers converts the value to `NumberUnsignedType`. A `static_assert` requires it to be at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType`, which is what that amounts to for the standard integer types.
- An unsigned `NumberUnsignedType` must be able to represent the absolute value of every `NumberIntegerType` value; serialization of negative numbers converts the value to `NumberUnsignedType`. A `static_assert` requires it to be at least as wide as `NumberIntegerType`, which is what that amounts to for the standard integer types.
- Both types must fit into the internal 64-character number buffer used by [`dump`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/dump/index.md), which is the case for all standard integer types.
- [`std::hash<basic_json>`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/std_hash/index.md) additionally requires `std::hash` specializations.
@@ -896,15 +896,25 @@ Both types are stored **directly** inside `basic_json`'s union.
The number types influence what the parser accepts: an integer literal that does not round-trip through the chosen type is stored as [`number_float_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_float_t/index.md) instead. Choosing types narrower than 64 bits therefore silently changes parse results rather than raising an error. See [Number Handling](https://json.nlohmann.me/features/types/number_handling/index.md) for details.
#### Same type for both
`NumberUnsignedType` may be the same type as `NumberIntegerType`, e.g. `nlohmann::json::with_integers_t<std::int64_t, std::int64_t>` (see [`with_integers_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/with_t/index.md)), for code that only wants to handle one integer type. Such a `basic_json` stores every integer as [`number_integer_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_integer_t/index.md):
- [`is_number_unsigned()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/is_number_unsigned/index.md) is always `false`, and [`type()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/type/index.md) never returns `value_t::number_unsigned`. Constructing a value from `value_t::number_unsigned` gives a `value_t::number_integer` value.
- Values of unsigned C++ types (e.g., `5u`) are converted to `NumberIntegerType`, so values above its maximum wrap around, as values outside the range of a narrower `NumberIntegerType` already do.
- The parsers store a non-negative integer above the maximum of `NumberIntegerType` (e.g., `18446744073709551615` for `std::int64_t`) as [`number_float_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/number_float_t/index.md), like any other integer that does not fit.
- Converting from a `basic_json` with distinct types turns its unsigned values into `number_integer_t` values.
### Compatible types
| Type pair | Support |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `std::int64_t` / `std::uint64_t` (default) | full |
| `std::int32_t` / `std::uint32_t`, `long long` / `unsigned long long` | full; narrower types change which literals the parser can represent |
| any other pair of standard signed/unsigned integer types | full |
| class types, enumerations | not usable; `std::is_integral` must hold |
| `bool`, or a type already used for another member of the union | not usable; `std::is_integral<bool>` is in fact `true`, but the `get_impl_ptr` overloads for `boolean_t`, `number_integer_t`, `number_unsigned_t` and `number_float_t` would collide |
| Type pair | Support |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `std::int64_t` / `std::uint64_t` (default) | full |
| `std::int32_t` / `std::uint32_t`, `long long` / `unsigned long long` | full; narrower types change which literals the parser can represent |
| any other pair of standard signed/unsigned integer types | full |
| the same signed integer type for both, e.g. `std::int64_t` / `std::int64_t` | full; every integer is stored as `number_integer_t`, see [above](#same-type-for-both) |
| class types, enumerations | not usable; `std::is_integral` must hold |
| `bool`, `number_float_t`, or the type of another member of the union | not usable; `std::is_integral<bool>` is in fact `true`, but the `get_impl_ptr` overloads for `boolean_t`, `number_integer_t`, `number_unsigned_t` and `number_float_t` would collide |
## `NumberFloatType`