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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>back
```cpp
const string_t& back() const;
```
Return the last reference token.
## Return value
Last reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the usage of `back`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__back.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__back.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.6.0.
- Changed return type to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
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<span class=p>}</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=err>las</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>re</span><span class=kc>feren</span><span class=err>ce</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>oke</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;foo&quot;</span>
<span class=err>las</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>re</span><span class=kc>feren</span><span class=err>ce</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>oke</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo/0&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;0&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Changed return type to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Changed return type to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M162.7 210c-1.8 3.3-25.2 44.4-70.1 123.5-4.9 8.3-10.8 12.5-17.7 12.5H9Line truncated
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# nlohmann::json_pointer::back
```
const string_t& back() const;
```
Return the last reference token.
## Return value
Last reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the usage of `back`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON Pointers
json::json_pointer ptr1("/foo");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo/0");
// call empty()
std::cout << "last reference token of \"" << ptr1 << "\" is \"" << ptr1.back() << "\"\n"
<< "last reference token of \"" << ptr2 << "\" is \"" << ptr2.back() << "\"" << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
last reference token of "/foo" is "foo"
last reference token of "/foo/0" is "0"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.6.0.
- Changed return type to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>empty
```cpp
bool empty() const noexcept;
```
Return whether the pointer points to the root document.
## Return value
`#!cpp true` iff the JSON pointer points to the root document.
## Exception safety
No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the result of `empty` for different JSON Pointers.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__empty.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__empty.output"
```
## Version history
Added in version 3.6.0.
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<span class=nt>&quot;&quot;</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>true</span>
<span class=nt>&quot;/foo&quot;</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>false</span>
<span class=nt>&quot;/foo/0&quot;</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>false</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Added in version 3.6.0.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Added in version 3.6.0.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+61
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::empty
```
bool empty() const noexcept;
```
Return whether the pointer points to the root document.
## Return value
`true` iff the JSON pointer points to the root document.
## Exception safety
No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the result of `empty` for different JSON Pointers.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON Pointers
json::json_pointer ptr0;
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
json::json_pointer ptr3("/foo/0");
// call empty()
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\": " << ptr0.empty() << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr1 << "\": " << ptr1.empty() << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr2 << "\": " << ptr2.empty() << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr3 << "\": " << ptr3.empty() << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
"": true
"": true
"/foo": false
"/foo/0": false
```
## Version history
Added in version 3.6.0.
+39
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>front
```cpp
const string_t& front() const;
```
Return the first reference token.
## Return value
First reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the usage of `front`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__front.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__front.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.12.x.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@
<span class=p>}</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=kc>f</span><span class=err>irs</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>re</span><span class=kc>feren</span><span class=err>ce</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>oke</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;foo&quot;</span>
<span class=kc>f</span><span class=err>irs</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>re</span><span class=kc>feren</span><span class=err>ce</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>oke</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo/0&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;foo&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.12.x.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.12.x.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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# nlohmann::json_pointer::front
```
const string_t& front() const;
```
Return the first reference token.
## Return value
First reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the usage of `front`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON Pointers
json::json_pointer ptr1("/foo");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo/0");
// call empty()
std::cout << "first reference token of \"" << ptr1 << "\" is \"" << ptr1.front() << "\"\n"
<< "first reference token of \"" << ptr2 << "\" is \"" << ptr2.front() << "\"" << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
first reference token of "/foo" is "foo"
first reference token of "/foo/0" is "foo"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.12.x.
+1 -1
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@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/" rel="canonical"><link href=../json/ rel=prev><link href=json_pointer/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.6"><title>Overview - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.484c7ddc.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new 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<span class=k>class</span><span class=w> </span><span class=nc>json_pointer</span><span class=p>;</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value within a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> document. It can be used with functions <a href=../basic_json/at/ ><code>at</code></a> and <a href=../basic_json/operator%5B%5D/ ><code>operator[]</code></a>. Furthermore, <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointers are the base for <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> patches.</p> <h2 id=template-parameters>Template parameters<a class=headerlink href=#template-parameters title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <dl> <dt><code>RefStringType</code></dt> <dd>the string type used for the reference tokens making up the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</dd> </dl> <div class="admonition warning"> <p class=admonition-title>Deprecation</p> <p>For backwards compatibility <code>RefStringType</code> may also be a specialization of <a href=../basic_json/ ><code>basic_json</code></a> in which case <code>string_t</code> will be deduced as <a href=../basic_json/string_t/ ><code>basic_json::string_t</code></a>. This feature is deprecated and may be removed in a future major version.</p> </div> <h2 id=member-types>Member types<a class=headerlink href=#member-types title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=string_t/ ><strong>string_t</strong></a> - the string type used for the reference tokens</li> </ul> <h2 id=member-functions>Member functions<a class=headerlink href=#member-functions title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=json_pointer/ >(constructor)</a></li> <li><a href=to_string/ ><strong>to_string</strong></a> - return a string representation of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=operator_string_t/ ><strong>operator string_t</strong></a> - return a string representation of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=operator_eq/ ><strong>operator==</strong></a> - compare: equal</li> <li><a href=operator_ne/ ><strong>operator!=</strong></a> - compare: not equal</li> <li><a href=operator_slasheq/ ><strong>operator/=</strong></a> - append to the end of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=operator_slash/ ><strong>operator/</strong></a> - create <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer by appending</li> <li><a href=parent_pointer/ ><strong>parent_pointer</strong></a> - returns the parent of this <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=pop_back/ ><strong>pop_back</strong></a> - remove the last reference token</li> <li><a href=back/ ><strong>back</strong></a> - return last reference token</li> <li><a href=push_back/ ><strong>push_back</strong></a> - append an unescaped token at the end of the pointer</li> <li><a href=pop_front/ ><strong>pop_front</strong></a> - remove the first reference token</li> <li><a href=front/ ><strong>front</strong></a> - return first reference token</li> <li><a href=push_front/ ><strong>push_front</strong></a> - append an unescaped token at the start of the pointer</li> <li><a href=empty/ ><strong>empty</strong></a> - return whether the pointer points to the root document</li> </ul> <h2 id=literals>Literals<a class=headerlink href=#literals title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../operator_literal_json_pointer/ ><strong>operator""_json_pointer</strong></a> - user-defined string literal for <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointers</li> </ul> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6901</a></li> </ul> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed template parameter from <code>basic_json</code> to string type in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")Line truncated
</code></pre></div> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value within a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> document. It can be used with functions <a href=../basic_json/at/ ><code>at</code></a> and <a href=../basic_json/operator%5B%5D/ ><code>operator[]</code></a>. Furthermore, <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointers are the base for <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> patches.</p> <h2 id=template-parameters>Template parameters<a class=headerlink href=#template-parameters title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <dl> <dt><code>RefStringType</code></dt> <dd>the string type used for the reference tokens making up the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</dd> </dl> <div class="admonition warning"> <p class=admonition-title>Deprecation</p> <p>For backwards compatibility <code>RefStringType</code> may also be a specialization of <a href=../basic_json/ ><code>basic_json</code></a> in which case <code>string_t</code> will be deduced as <a href=../basic_json/string_t/ ><code>basic_json::string_t</code></a>. This feature is deprecated and may be removed in a future major version.</p> </div> <h2 id=member-types>Member types<a class=headerlink href=#member-types title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=string_t/ ><strong>string_t</strong></a> - the string type used for the reference tokens</li> </ul> <h2 id=member-functions>Member functions<a class=headerlink href=#member-functions title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=json_pointer/ >(constructor)</a></li> <li><a href=to_string/ ><strong>to_string</strong></a> - return a string representation of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=operator_string_t/ ><strong>operator string_t</strong></a> - return a string representation of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=operator_eq/ ><strong>operator==</strong></a> - compare: equal</li> <li><a href=operator_ne/ ><strong>operator!=</strong></a> - compare: not equal</li> <li><a href=operator_slasheq/ ><strong>operator/=</strong></a> - append to the end of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=operator_slash/ ><strong>operator/</strong></a> - create <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer by appending</li> <li><a href=parent_pointer/ ><strong>parent_pointer</strong></a> - returns the parent of this <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer</li> <li><a href=pop_back/ ><strong>pop_back</strong></a> - remove the last reference token</li> <li><a href=back/ ><strong>back</strong></a> - return last reference token</li> <li><a href=push_back/ ><strong>push_back</strong></a> - append an unescaped token at the end of the pointer</li> <li><a href=pop_front/ ><strong>pop_front</strong></a> - remove the first reference token</li> <li><a href=front/ ><strong>front</strong></a> - return first reference token</li> <li><a href=push_front/ ><strong>push_front</strong></a> - append an unescaped token at the start of the pointer</li> <li><a href=empty/ ><strong>empty</strong></a> - return whether the pointer points to the root document</li> </ul> <h2 id=literals>Literals<a class=headerlink href=#literals title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../operator_literal_json_pointer/ ><strong>operator""_json_pointer</strong></a> - user-defined string literal for <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointers</li> </ul> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6901</a></li> </ul> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed template parameter from <code>basic_json</code> to string type in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")Line truncated
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# nlohmann::json_pointer
```
template<typename RefStringType>
class json_pointer;
```
A JSON pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value within a JSON document. It can be used with functions [`at`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/index.md) and [`operator[]`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/index.md). Furthermore, JSON pointers are the base for JSON patches.
## Template parameters
`RefStringType` : the string type used for the reference tokens making up the JSON pointer
Deprecation
For backwards compatibility `RefStringType` may also be a specialization of [`basic_json`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/index.md) in which case `string_t` will be deduced as [`basic_json::string_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/string_t/index.md). This feature is deprecated and may be removed in a future major version.
## Member types
- [**string_t**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/string_t/index.md) - the string type used for the reference tokens
## Member functions
- [(constructor)](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/json_pointer/index.md)
- [**to_string**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/to_string/index.md) - return a string representation of the JSON pointer
- [**operator string_t**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_string_t/index.md) - return a string representation of the JSON pointer
- [**operator==**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/index.md) - compare: equal
- [**operator!=**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_ne/index.md) - compare: not equal
- [**operator/=**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slasheq/index.md) - append to the end of the JSON pointer
- [**operator/**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_slash/index.md) - create JSON Pointer by appending
- [**parent_pointer**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/parent_pointer/index.md) - returns the parent of this JSON pointer
- [**pop_back**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/pop_back/index.md) - remove the last reference token
- [**back**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/back/index.md) - return last reference token
- [**push_back**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/push_back/index.md) - append an unescaped token at the end of the pointer
- [**pop_front**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/pop_front/index.md) - remove the first reference token
- [**front**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/front/index.md) - return first reference token
- [**push_front**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/push_front/index.md) - append an unescaped token at the start of the pointer
- [**empty**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/empty/index.md) - return whether the pointer points to the root document
## Literals
- [**operator""\_json_pointer**](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/operator_literal_json_pointer/index.md) - user-defined string literal for JSON pointers
## See also
- [RFC 6901](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901)
## Version history
- Added in version 2.0.0.
- Changed template parameter from `basic_json` to string type in version 3.11.0.
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>json_pointer
```cpp
explicit json_pointer(const string_t& s = "");
```
Create a JSON pointer according to the syntax described in
[Section 3 of RFC6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901#section-3).
## Parameters
`s` (in)
: string representing the JSON pointer; if omitted, the empty string is assumed which references the whole JSON value
## Exceptions
- Throws [parse_error.107](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if the given JSON pointer `s` is
nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below.
- Throws [parse_error.108](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON
pointer `s` is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the construction several valid JSON pointers as well as the exceptional behavior.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 2.0.0.
- Changed type of `s` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
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</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=p>[</span><span class=err>jso</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>.excep</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>io</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>.parse_error.</span><span class=mi>107</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>parse</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>error</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>a</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>by</span><span class=kc>te</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>JSON</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>poi</span><span class=kc>nter</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>mus</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>be</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>emp</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>y</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>or</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>begi</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>wi</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>h</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;/&#39;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>-</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>was</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=err>oo&#39;</span>
<span class=p>[</span><span class=err>jso</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>.excep</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>io</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>.parse_error.</span><span class=mi>108</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>parse</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>error</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>escape</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>charac</span><span class=kc>ter</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;~&#39;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>mus</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>be</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=err>ollowed</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>wi</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>h</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=mi>0</span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>or</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=err>&#39;</span>
<span class=p>[</span><span class=err>jso</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>.excep</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>io</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>.parse_error.</span><span class=mi>108</span><span class=p>]</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>parse</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>error</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>escape</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>charac</span><span class=kc>ter</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;~&#39;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>mus</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>be</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=err>ollowed</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>wi</span><span class=kc>t</span><span class=err>h</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=mi>0</span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>or</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>&#39;</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=err>&#39;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed type of <code>s</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed type of <code>s</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+85
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@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::json_pointer
```
explicit json_pointer(const string_t& s = "");
```
Create a JSON pointer according to the syntax described in [Section 3 of RFC6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901#section-3).
## Parameters
`s` (in) : string representing the JSON pointer; if omitted, the empty string is assumed which references the whole JSON value
## Exceptions
- Throws [parse_error.107](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if the given JSON pointer `s` is nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below.
- Throws [parse_error.108](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON pointer `s` is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the construction several valid JSON pointers as well as the exceptional behavior.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// correct JSON pointers
json::json_pointer p1;
json::json_pointer p2("");
json::json_pointer p3("/");
json::json_pointer p4("//");
json::json_pointer p5("/foo/bar");
json::json_pointer p6("/foo/bar/-");
json::json_pointer p7("/foo/~0");
json::json_pointer p8("/foo/~1");
// error: JSON pointer does not begin with a slash
try
{
json::json_pointer p9("foo");
}
catch (const json::parse_error& e)
{
std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
}
// error: JSON pointer uses escape symbol ~ not followed by 0 or 1
try
{
json::json_pointer p10("/foo/~");
}
catch (const json::parse_error& e)
{
std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
}
// error: JSON pointer uses escape symbol ~ not followed by 0 or 1
try
{
json::json_pointer p11("/foo/~3");
}
catch (const json::parse_error& e)
{
std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
}
}
```
Output:
```
[json.exception.parse_error.107] parse error at byte 1: JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'foo'
[json.exception.parse_error.108] parse error: escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'
[json.exception.parse_error.108] parse error: escape character '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'
```
## Version history
- Added in version 2.0.0.
- Changed type of `s` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
+113
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>operator==
```cpp
// until C++20
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
bool operator==(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept; // (1)
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename StringType>
bool operator==(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const StringType& rhs); // (2)
template<typename RefStringTypeRhs, typename StringType>
bool operator==(
const StringType& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs); // (2)
// since C++20
class json_pointer {
template<typename RefStringTypeRhs>
bool operator==(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) const noexcept; // (1)
bool operator==(const string_t& rhs) const; // (2)
};
```
1. Compares two JSON pointers for equality by comparing their reference tokens.
2. Compares a JSON pointer and a string or a string and a JSON pointer for equality by converting the string to a JSON
pointer and comparing the JSON pointers according to 1.
## Template parameters
`RefStringTypeLhs`, `RefStringTypeRhs`
: the string type of the left-hand side or right-hand side JSON pointer, respectively
`StringType`
: the string type derived from the `json_pointer` operand ([`json_pointer::string_t`](string_t.md))
## Parameters
`lhs` (in)
: first value to consider
`rhs` (in)
: second value to consider
## Return value
whether the values `lhs`/`*this` and `rhs` are equal
## Exception safety
1. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
2. Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact.
## Exceptions
1. (none)
2. The function can throw the following exceptions:
- Throws [parse_error.107](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if the given JSON pointer `s` is
nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below.
- Throws [parse_error.108](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON
pointer `s` is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below.
## Complexity
Constant if `lhs` and `rhs` differ in the number of reference tokens, otherwise linear in the number of reference
tokens.
## Notes
!!! warning "Deprecation"
Overload 2 is deprecated and will be removed in a future major version release.
## Examples
??? example "Example: (1) Comparing JSON pointers"
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__equal.cpp"
```
Output:
```
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__equal.output"
```
??? example "Example: (2) Comparing JSON pointers and strings"
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers and strings, and when doing so may raise an exception.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__equal_stringtype.cpp"
```
Output:
```
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__equal_stringtype.output"
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 2.1.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.2.
2. Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.
+1 -1
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@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@
&quot;&quot; == &quot;&quot;: true
&quot;/foo&quot; == &quot;/foo&quot;: true
&quot;bar&quot; == &quot;/foo&quot;: [json.exception.parse_error.107] parse error at byte 1: JSON pointer must be empty or begin with &#39;/&#39; - was: &#39;bar&#39;
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 2.1.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.2.</li> <li>Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M162.7 210c-1.8 3.3Line truncated
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 2.1.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.2.</li> <li>Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M162.7 210c-1.8 3.3Line truncated
+160
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@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::operator==
```
// until C++20
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
bool operator==(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept; // (1)
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename StringType>
bool operator==(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const StringType& rhs); // (2)
template<typename RefStringTypeRhs, typename StringType>
bool operator==(
const StringType& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs); // (2)
// since C++20
class json_pointer {
template<typename RefStringTypeRhs>
bool operator==(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) const noexcept; // (1)
bool operator==(const string_t& rhs) const; // (2)
};
```
1. Compares two JSON pointers for equality by comparing their reference tokens.
1. Compares a JSON pointer and a string or a string and a JSON pointer for equality by converting the string to a JSON pointer and comparing the JSON pointers according to 1.
## Template parameters
`RefStringTypeLhs`, `RefStringTypeRhs` : the string type of the left-hand side or right-hand side JSON pointer, respectively
`StringType` : the string type derived from the `json_pointer` operand ([`json_pointer::string_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/string_t/index.md))
## Parameters
`lhs` (in) : first value to consider
`rhs` (in) : second value to consider
## Return value
whether the values `lhs`/`*this` and `rhs` are equal
## Exception safety
1. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
1. Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact.
## Exceptions
1. (none)
1. The function can throw the following exceptions:
1. Throws [parse_error.107](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if the given JSON pointer `s` is nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below.
1. Throws [parse_error.108](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON pointer `s` is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below.
## Complexity
Constant if `lhs` and `rhs` differ in the number of reference tokens, otherwise linear in the number of reference tokens.
## Notes
Deprecation
Overload 2 is deprecated and will be removed in a future major version release.
## Examples
Example: (1) Comparing JSON pointers
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON pointers
json::json_pointer ptr0;
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
// compare JSON pointers
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\" == \"" << ptr0 << "\": " << (ptr0 == ptr0) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\" == \"" << ptr1 << "\": " << (ptr0 == ptr1) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr1 << "\" == \"" << ptr2 << "\": " << (ptr1 == ptr2) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr2 << "\" == \"" << ptr2 << "\": " << (ptr2 == ptr2) << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
"" == "": true
"" == "": true
"" == "/foo": false
"/foo" == "/foo": true
```
Example: (2) Comparing JSON pointers and strings
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers and strings, and when doing so may raise an exception.
```
#include <exception>
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON pointers
json::json_pointer ptr0;
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
// different strings
std::string str0("");
std::string str1("/foo");
std::string str2("bar");
// compare JSON pointers and strings
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\" == \"" << str0 << "\": " << (ptr0 == str0) << '\n'
<< "\"" << str0 << "\" == \"" << ptr1 << "\": " << (str0 == ptr1) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr2 << "\" == \"" << str1 << "\": " << (ptr2 == str1) << std::endl;
try
{
std::cout << "\"" << str2 << "\" == \"" << ptr2 << "\": " << (str2 == ptr2) << std::endl;
}
catch (const json::parse_error& ex)
{
std::cout << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
```
Output:
```
"" == "": true
"" == "": true
"/foo" == "/foo": true
"bar" == "/foo": [json.exception.parse_error.107] parse error at byte 1: JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'bar'
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 2.1.0. Added C++20 member functions in version 3.11.2.
1. Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.
+109
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@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>operator!=
```cpp
// until C++20
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
bool operator!=(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept; // (1)
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename StringType>
bool operator!=(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const StringType& rhs); // (2)
template<typename RefStringTypeRhs, typename StringType>
bool operator!=(
const StringType& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs); // (2)
```
1. Compares two JSON pointers for inequality by comparing their reference tokens.
2. Compares a JSON pointer and a string or a string and a JSON pointer for inequality by converting the string to a
JSON pointer and comparing the JSON pointers according to 1.
## Template parameters
`RefStringTypeLhs`, `RefStringTypeRhs`
: the string type of the left-hand side or right-hand side JSON pointer, respectively
`StringType`
: the string type derived from the `json_pointer` operand ([`json_pointer::string_t`](string_t.md))
## Parameters
`lhs` (in)
: first value to consider
`rhs` (in)
: second value to consider
## Return value
whether the values `lhs`/`*this` and `rhs` are not equal
## Exception safety
1. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
2. Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact.
## Exceptions
1. (none)
2. The function can throw the following exceptions:
- Throws [parse_error.107](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if the given JSON pointer `s` is
nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below.
- Throws [parse_error.108](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON
pointer `s` is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below.
## Complexity
Constant if `lhs` and `rhs` differ in the number of reference tokens, otherwise linear in the number of reference
tokens.
## Notes
!!! note "Operator overload resolution"
Since C++20 overload resolution will consider the _rewritten candidate_ generated from
[`operator==`](operator_eq.md).
!!! warning "Deprecation"
Overload 2 is deprecated and will be removed in a future major version release.
## Examples
??? example "Example: (1) Comparing JSON pointers"
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__notequal.cpp"
```
Output:
```
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__notequal.output"
```
??? example "Example: (2) Comparing JSON pointers and strings"
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers and strings, and when doing so may raise an exception.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__notequal_stringtype.cpp"
```
Output:
```
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator__notequal_stringtype.output"
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 2.1.0.
2. Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -72,4 +72,4 @@
&quot;&quot; != &quot;&quot;: false
&quot;/foo&quot; != &quot;/foo&quot;: false
&quot;bar&quot; != &quot;/foo&quot;: [json.exception.parse_error.107] parse error at byte 1: JSON pointer must be empty or begin with &#39;/&#39; - was: &#39;bar&#39;
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 2.1.0.</li> <li>Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 2.1.0.</li> <li>Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+154
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@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::operator!=
```
// until C++20
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename RefStringTypeRhs>
bool operator!=(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs) noexcept; // (1)
template<typename RefStringTypeLhs, typename StringType>
bool operator!=(
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeLhs>& lhs,
const StringType& rhs); // (2)
template<typename RefStringTypeRhs, typename StringType>
bool operator!=(
const StringType& lhs,
const json_pointer<RefStringTypeRhs>& rhs); // (2)
```
1. Compares two JSON pointers for inequality by comparing their reference tokens.
1. Compares a JSON pointer and a string or a string and a JSON pointer for inequality by converting the string to a JSON pointer and comparing the JSON pointers according to 1.
## Template parameters
`RefStringTypeLhs`, `RefStringTypeRhs` : the string type of the left-hand side or right-hand side JSON pointer, respectively
`StringType` : the string type derived from the `json_pointer` operand ([`json_pointer::string_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/string_t/index.md))
## Parameters
`lhs` (in) : first value to consider
`rhs` (in) : second value to consider
## Return value
whether the values `lhs`/`*this` and `rhs` are not equal
## Exception safety
1. No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
1. Strong exception safety: if an exception occurs, the original value stays intact.
## Exceptions
1. (none)
1. The function can throw the following exceptions:
1. Throws [parse_error.107](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error107) if the given JSON pointer `s` is nonempty and does not begin with a slash (`/`); see example below.
1. Throws [parse_error.108](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error108) if a tilde (`~`) in the given JSON pointer `s` is not followed by `0` (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); see example below.
## Complexity
Constant if `lhs` and `rhs` differ in the number of reference tokens, otherwise linear in the number of reference tokens.
## Notes
Operator overload resolution
Since C++20 overload resolution will consider the *rewritten candidate* generated from [`operator==`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/operator_eq/index.md).
Deprecation
Overload 2 is deprecated and will be removed in a future major version release.
## Examples
Example: (1) Comparing JSON pointers
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON pointers
json::json_pointer ptr0;
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
// compare JSON pointers
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\" != \"" << ptr0 << "\": " << (ptr0 != ptr0) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\" != \"" << ptr1 << "\": " << (ptr0 != ptr1) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr1 << "\" != \"" << ptr2 << "\": " << (ptr1 != ptr2) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr2 << "\" != \"" << ptr2 << "\": " << (ptr2 != ptr2) << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
"" != "": false
"" != "": false
"" != "/foo": true
"/foo" != "/foo": false
```
Example: (2) Comparing JSON pointers and strings
The example demonstrates comparing JSON pointers and strings, and when doing so may raise an exception.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON pointers
json::json_pointer ptr0;
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
// different strings
std::string str0("");
std::string str1("/foo");
std::string str2("bar");
// compare JSON pointers and strings
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< "\"" << ptr0 << "\" != \"" << str0 << "\": " << (ptr0 != str0) << '\n'
<< "\"" << str0 << "\" != \"" << ptr1 << "\": " << (str0 != ptr1) << '\n'
<< "\"" << ptr2 << "\" != \"" << str1 << "\": " << (ptr2 != str1) << std::endl;
try
{
std::cout << "\"" << str2 << "\" != \"" << ptr2 << "\": " << (str2 != ptr2) << std::endl;
}
catch (const json::parse_error& ex)
{
std::cout << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
```
Output:
```
"" != "": false
"" != "": false
"/foo" != "/foo": false
"bar" != "/foo": [json.exception.parse_error.107] parse error at byte 1: JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/' - was: 'bar'
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 2.1.0.
1. Added for backward compatibility and deprecated in version 3.11.2.
+64
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>operator/
```cpp
// (1)
json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, const json_pointer& rhs);
// (2)
json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, string_t token);
// (3)
json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, std::size_t array_idx);
```
1. create a new JSON pointer by appending the right JSON pointer at the end of the left JSON pointer
2. create a new JSON pointer by appending the unescaped token at the end of the JSON pointer
3. create a new JSON pointer by appending the array-index-token at the end of the JSON pointer
## Parameters
`lhs` (in)
: JSON pointer
`rhs` (in)
: JSON pointer to append
`token` (in)
: reference token to append
`array_idx` (in)
: array index to append
## Return value
1. a new JSON pointer with `rhs` appended to `lhs`
2. a new JSON pointer with unescaped `token` appended to `lhs`
3. a new JSON pointer with `array_idx` appended to `lhs`
## Complexity
1. Linear in the length of `lhs` and `rhs`.
2. Linear in the length of `lhs`.
3. Linear in the length of `lhs`.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the usage of `operator/`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator_add_binary.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator_add_binary.output"
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 3.6.0.
2. Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of `token` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
3. Added in version 3.6.0.
+1 -1
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@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=s2>&quot;/foo/bar/baz&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/fob&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/42&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of <code>token</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path dLine truncated
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of <code>token</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path dLine truncated
+80
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# nlohmann::json_pointer::operator/
```
// (1)
json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, const json_pointer& rhs);
// (2)
json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, string_t token);
// (3)
json_pointer operator/(const json_pointer& lhs, std::size_t array_idx);
```
1. create a new JSON pointer by appending the right JSON pointer at the end of the left JSON pointer
1. create a new JSON pointer by appending the unescaped token at the end of the JSON pointer
1. create a new JSON pointer by appending the array-index-token at the end of the JSON pointer
## Parameters
`lhs` (in) : JSON pointer
`rhs` (in) : JSON pointer to append
`token` (in) : reference token to append
`array_idx` (in) : array index to append
## Return value
1. a new JSON pointer with `rhs` appended to `lhs`
1. a new JSON pointer with unescaped `token` appended to `lhs`
1. a new JSON pointer with `array_idx` appended to `lhs`
## Complexity
1. Linear in the length of `lhs` and `rhs`.
1. Linear in the length of `lhs`.
1. Linear in the length of `lhs`.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the usage of `operator/`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// create a JSON pointer
json::json_pointer ptr("/foo");
// append a JSON Pointer
std::cout << "\"" << ptr / json::json_pointer("/bar/baz") << "\"\n";
// append a string
std::cout << "\"" << ptr / "fob" << "\"\n";
// append an array index
std::cout << "\"" << ptr / 42 << "\"" << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
"/foo/bar/baz"
"/foo/fob"
"/foo/42"
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 3.6.0.
1. Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of `token` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
1. Added in version 3.6.0.
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>operator/=
```cpp
// (1)
json_pointer& operator/=(const json_pointer& ptr);
// (2)
json_pointer& operator/=(string_t token);
// (3)
json_pointer& operator/=(std::size_t array_idx)
```
1. append another JSON pointer at the end of this JSON pointer
2. append an unescaped reference token at the end of this JSON pointer
3. append an array index at the end of this JSON pointer
## Parameters
`ptr` (in)
: JSON pointer to append
`token` (in)
: reference token to append
`array_idx` (in)
: array index to append
## Return value
1. JSON pointer with `ptr` appended
2. JSON pointer with `token` appended without escaping `token`
3. JSON pointer with `array_idx` appended
## Complexity
1. Linear in the length of `ptr`.
2. Amortized constant.
3. Amortized constant.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the usage of `operator/=`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator_add.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator_add.output"
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 3.6.0.
2. Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of `token` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
3. Added in version 3.6.0.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/bar/baz&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/bar/baz/fob&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/bar/baz/fob/42&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of <code>token</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path dLine truncated
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ol> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of <code>token</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> </ol> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path dLine truncated
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::operator/=
```
// (1)
json_pointer& operator/=(const json_pointer& ptr);
// (2)
json_pointer& operator/=(string_t token);
// (3)
json_pointer& operator/=(std::size_t array_idx)
```
1. append another JSON pointer at the end of this JSON pointer
1. append an unescaped reference token at the end of this JSON pointer
1. append an array index at the end of this JSON pointer
## Parameters
`ptr` (in) : JSON pointer to append
`token` (in) : reference token to append
`array_idx` (in) : array index to append
## Return value
1. JSON pointer with `ptr` appended
1. JSON pointer with `token` appended without escaping `token`
1. JSON pointer with `array_idx` appended
## Complexity
1. Linear in the length of `ptr`.
1. Amortized constant.
1. Amortized constant.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the usage of `operator/=`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// create a JSON pointer
json::json_pointer ptr("/foo");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// append a JSON Pointer
ptr /= json::json_pointer("/bar/baz");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// append a string
ptr /= "fob";
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// append an array index
ptr /= 42;
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"" << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
"/foo"
"/foo/bar/baz"
"/foo/bar/baz/fob"
"/foo/bar/baz/fob/42"
```
## Version history
1. Added in version 3.6.0.
1. Added in version 3.6.0. Changed type of `token` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
1. Added in version 3.6.0.
+52
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>operator string_t
```cpp
operator string_t() const
```
Return a string representation of the JSON pointer.
## Return value
A string representation of the JSON pointer
## Possible implementation
```cpp
operator string_t() const
{
return to_string();
}
```
## Notes
!!! warning "Deprecation"
This function is deprecated in favor of [`to_string`](to_string.md) and will be removed in a future major version
release.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows how JSON Pointers can be implicitly converted to strings.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator_string_t.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__operator_string_t.output"
```
## See also
- [string_t](../basic_json/string_t.md)- type for strings
## Version history
- Since version 2.0.0.
- Changed type to `string_t` and deprecated in version 3.11.0.
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@
<span class=p>}</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=err>/</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=err>oo/</span><span class=mi>0</span>
<span class=err>/a~</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=err>b</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../../basic_json/string_t/ >string_t</a>- type for strings</li> </ul> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Since version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed type to <code>string_t</code> and deprecated in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../../basic_json/string_t/ >string_t</a>- type for strings</li> </ul> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Since version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed type to <code>string_t</code> and deprecated in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::operator string_t
```
operator string_t() const
```
Return a string representation of the JSON pointer.
## Return value
A string representation of the JSON pointer
## Possible implementation
```
operator string_t() const
{
return to_string();
}
```
## Notes
Deprecation
This function is deprecated in favor of [`to_string`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/to_string/index.md) and will be removed in a future major version release.
## Examples
Example
The example shows how JSON Pointers can be implicitly converted to strings.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON Pointers
json::json_pointer ptr1("/foo/0");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/a~1b");
// implicit conversion to string
std::string s;
s += ptr1;
s += "\n";
s += ptr2;
std::cout << s << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
/foo/0
/a~1b
```
## See also
- [string_t](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/string_t/index.md)- type for strings
## Version history
- Since version 2.0.0.
- Changed type to `string_t` and deprecated in version 3.11.0.
+44
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>parent_pointer
```cpp
json_pointer parent_pointer() const;
```
Returns the parent of this JSON pointer.
## Return value
Parent of this JSON pointer; in case this JSON pointer is the root, the root itself is returned.
## Exception safety
No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
## Complexity
Linear in the length of the JSON pointer.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the result of `parent_pointer` for different JSON Pointers.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__parent_pointer.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__parent_pointer.output"
```
## See also
- [pop_back](pop_back.md) remove the last reference token
- [back](back.md) return the last reference token
## Version history
Added in version 3.6.0.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=err>pare</span><span class=kc>nt</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class=err>pare</span><span class=kc>nt</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class=err>pare</span><span class=kc>nt</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>o</span><span class=kc>f</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo/0&quot;</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../pop_back/ >pop_back</a> remove the last reference token</li> <li><a href=../back/ >back</a> return the last reference token</li> </ul> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Added in version 3.6.0.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=see-also>See also<a class=headerlink href=#see-also title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../pop_back/ >pop_back</a> remove the last reference token</li> <li><a href=../back/ >back</a> return the last reference token</li> </ul> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Added in version 3.6.0.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+63
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# nlohmann::json_pointer::parent_pointer
```
json_pointer parent_pointer() const;
```
Returns the parent of this JSON pointer.
## Return value
Parent of this JSON pointer; in case this JSON pointer is the root, the root itself is returned.
## Exception safety
No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
## Complexity
Linear in the length of the JSON pointer.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the result of `parent_pointer` for different JSON Pointers.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON Pointers
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
json::json_pointer ptr3("/foo/0");
// call parent_pointer()
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< "parent of \"" << ptr1 << "\" is \"" << ptr1.parent_pointer() << "\"\n"
<< "parent of \"" << ptr2 << "\" is \"" << ptr2.parent_pointer() << "\"\n"
<< "parent of \"" << ptr3 << "\" is \"" << ptr3.parent_pointer() << "\"" << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
parent of "" is ""
parent of "/foo" is ""
parent of "/foo/0" is "/foo"
```
## See also
- [pop_back](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/pop_back/index.md) remove the last reference token
- [back](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/json_pointer/back/index.md) return the last reference token
## Version history
Added in version 3.6.0.
+35
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>pop_back
```cpp
void pop_back();
```
Remove the last reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the usage of `pop_back`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__pop_back.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__pop_back.output"
```
## Version history
Added in version 3.6.0.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/bar&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Added in version 3.6.0.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <p>Added in version 3.6.0.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+58
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@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::pop_back
```
void pop_back();
```
Remove the last reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Constant.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the usage of `pop_back`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// create empty JSON Pointer
json::json_pointer ptr("/foo/bar/baz");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// call pop_back()
ptr.pop_back();
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.pop_back();
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.pop_back();
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
}
```
Output:
```
"/foo/bar/baz"
"/foo/bar"
"/foo"
""
```
## Version history
Added in version 3.6.0.
+35
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@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>pop_front
```cpp
void pop_front();
```
Remove the first reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](../../home/exceptions.md#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Linear in the number of reference tokens in the `json_pointer`.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the usage of `pop_front`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__pop_front.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__pop_front.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.12.x.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@
<span class=s2>&quot;/bar/baz&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/baz&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.12.x.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.12.x.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+58
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@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::pop_front
```
void pop_front();
```
Remove the first reference token.
## Exceptions
Throws [out_of_range.405](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/#jsonexceptionout_of_range405) if the JSON pointer has no parent.
## Complexity
Linear in the number of reference tokens in the `json_pointer`.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the usage of `pop_front`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// create empty JSON Pointer
json::json_pointer ptr("/foo/bar/baz");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// call pop_front()
ptr.pop_front();
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.pop_front();
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.pop_front();
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
}
```
Output:
```
"/foo/bar/baz"
"/bar/baz"
"/baz"
""
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.12.x.
+39
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@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>push_back
```cpp
void push_back(const string_t& token);
void push_back(string_t&& token);
```
Append an unescaped token at the end of the reference pointer.
## Parameters
`token` (in)
: token to add
## Complexity
Amortized constant.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the result of `push_back` for different JSON Pointers.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__push_back.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__push_back.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.6.0.
- Changed type of `token` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/0&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo/0/bar&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Changed type of <code>token</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.6.0.</li> <li>Changed type of <code>token</code> to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+61
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@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::push_back
```
void push_back(const string_t& token);
void push_back(string_t&& token);
```
Append an unescaped token at the end of the reference pointer.
## Parameters
`token` (in) : token to add
## Complexity
Amortized constant.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the result of `push_back` for different JSON Pointers.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// create empty JSON Pointer
json::json_pointer ptr;
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// call push_back()
ptr.push_back("foo");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.push_back("0");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.push_back("bar");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
}
```
Output:
```
""
"/foo"
"/foo/0"
"/foo/0/bar"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.6.0.
- Changed type of `token` to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
+38
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>push_front
```cpp
void push_front(const string_t& token);
void push_front(string_t&& token);
```
Append an unescaped token at the start of the reference pointer.
## Parameters
`token` (in)
: token to add
## Complexity
Linear in the number of reference tokens in the `json_pointer`.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the result of `push_front` for different JSON Pointers.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__push_front.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__push_front.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.12.x.
+1 -1
View File
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@
<span class=s2>&quot;/foo&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/0/foo&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;/bar/0/foo&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.12.x.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.12.x.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+60
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@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::push_front
```
void push_front(const string_t& token);
void push_front(string_t&& token);
```
Append an unescaped token at the start of the reference pointer.
## Parameters
`token` (in) : token to add
## Complexity
Linear in the number of reference tokens in the `json_pointer`.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the result of `push_front` for different JSON Pointers.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// create empty JSON Pointer
json::json_pointer ptr;
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
// call push_front()
ptr.push_front("foo");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.push_front("0");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
ptr.push_front("bar");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr << "\"\n";
}
```
Output:
```
""
"/foo"
"/0/foo"
"/bar/0/foo"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.12.x.
+28
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>string_t
```cpp
using string_t = RefStringType;
```
The string type used for the reference tokens making up the JSON pointer.
See [`basic_json::string_t`](../basic_json/string_t.md) for more information.
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the type `string_t` and its relation to `basic_json::string_t`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__string_t.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__string_t.output"
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.11.0.
+1 -1
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@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@
<span class=p>}</span>
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=err>This</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>is</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>a</span><span class=w> </span><span class=err>s</span><span class=kc>tr</span><span class=err>i</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>g.</span>
<span class=kc>true</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Added in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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+42
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@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
# nlohmann::json_pointer::string_t
```
using string_t = RefStringType;
```
The string type used for the reference tokens making up the JSON pointer.
See [`basic_json::string_t`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/string_t/index.md) for more information.
## Examples
Example
The example shows the type `string_t` and its relation to `basic_json::string_t`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
json::json_pointer::string_t s = "This is a string.";
std::cout << s << std::endl;
std::cout << std::boolalpha << std::is_same<json::json_pointer::string_t, json::string_t>::value << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
This is a string.
true
```
## Version history
- Added in version 3.11.0.
+40
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# <small>nlohmann::json_pointer::</small>to_string
```cpp
string_t to_string() const;
```
Return a string representation of the JSON pointer.
## Return value
A string representation of the JSON pointer
## Notes
For each JSON pointer `ptr`, it holds:
```cpp
ptr == json_pointer(ptr.to_string());
```
## Examples
??? example
The example shows the result of `to_string`.
```cpp
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__to_string.cpp"
```
Output:
```json
--8<-- "examples/json_pointer__to_string.output"
```
## Version history
- Since version 2.0.0.
- Changed return type to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.
+1 -1
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@@ -46,4 +46,4 @@
<span class=s2>&quot;/k&quot;</span><span class=err>l</span><span class=s2>&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;</span><span class=err>/</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>&quot;</span>
<span class=s2>&quot;</span><span class=err>/m~</span><span class=mi>0</span><span class=kc>n</span><span class=err>&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Since version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed return type to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 4, 2026 09:13:25 UTC">July 4, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=version-history>Version history<a class=headerlink href=#version-history title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <ul> <li>Since version 2.0.0.</li> <li>Changed return type to <code>string_t</code> in version 3.11.0.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="July 8, 2026 18:18:24 UTC">July 8, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 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# nlohmann::json_pointer::to_string
```
string_t to_string() const;
```
Return a string representation of the JSON pointer.
## Return value
A string representation of the JSON pointer
## Notes
For each JSON pointer `ptr`, it holds:
```
ptr == json_pointer(ptr.to_string());
```
## Examples
Example
The example shows the result of `to_string`.
```
#include <iostream>
#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
using json = nlohmann::json;
int main()
{
// different JSON Pointers
json::json_pointer ptr1("");
json::json_pointer ptr2("/foo");
json::json_pointer ptr3("/foo/0");
json::json_pointer ptr4("/");
json::json_pointer ptr5("/a~1b");
json::json_pointer ptr6("/c%d");
json::json_pointer ptr7("/e^f");
json::json_pointer ptr8("/g|h");
json::json_pointer ptr9("/i\\j");
json::json_pointer ptr10("/k\"l");
json::json_pointer ptr11("/ ");
json::json_pointer ptr12("/m~0n");
std::cout << "\"" << ptr1.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr2.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr3.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr4.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr5.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr6.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr7.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr8.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr9.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr10.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr11.to_string() << "\"\n"
<< "\"" << ptr12.to_string() << "\"" << std::endl;
}
```
Output:
```
""
"/foo"
"/foo/0"
"/"
"/a~1b"
"/c%d"
"/e^f"
"/g|h"
"/i\j"
"/k"l"
"/ "
"/m~0n"
```
## Version history
- Since version 2.0.0.
- Changed return type to `string_t` in version 3.11.0.